1. Metabolic engineering of bread wheat improves grain iron concentration and bioavailability
- Author
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Alexander W. Johnson, Laura T. Moreno-Moyano, Jose T. Sanchez-Palacios, Damien L. Callahan, Elad Tako, Julien P. Bonneau, Jesse T. Beasley, Enzo Lombi, Raymond P. Glahn, Beasley, Jesse T, Bonneau, Julien P, Sanchez-Palacios, Jose T, Moreno-Moyano, Laura T, Callahan, Damien L, Tako, Elad, Glahn, Raymond P, Lombi, Enzo, and Johnson, Alexander AT
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Starch ,Flour ,Biofortification ,Biological Availability ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Plant Science ,Zinc ,01 natural sciences ,Nicotianamine synthase ,Endosperm ,biofortification ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,20-deoxymugineic acid ,Food science ,Nicotianamine ,Research Articles ,Triticum ,Caco‐2 ,Alkyl and Aryl Transferases ,biology ,zinc ,nicotianamine ,food and beverages ,Oryza ,x-ray fluorescence microscopy ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,Micronutrient ,Bioavailability ,030104 developmental biology ,Metabolic Engineering ,chemistry ,caco-2 ,X‐ray fluorescence microscopy ,biology.protein ,Edible Grain ,Azetidinecarboxylic Acid ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,2′‐deoxymugineic acid ,Iron, Dietary ,Research Article ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) is cultivated on more land than any other crop and produces a fifth of the calories consumed by humans. Wheat endosperm is rich in starch yet contains low concentrations of dietary iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn). Biofortification is a micronutrient interventionaimed at increasing the density and bioavailability of essential vitamins and minerals in staple crops; Fe biofortification of wheat has proved challenging. In this study we employed constitutive expression (CE) of the rice (Oryza sativaL.) nicotianamine synthase 2 (OsNAS2) gene in bread wheat to up-regulate biosynthesis of two low molecular weight metal chelators–nicotianamine(NA) and 20-deoxymugineic acid (DMA)–that play key roles in metal transport and nutrition. TheCE-OsNAS2plants accumulated higher concentrations of grain Fe, Zn, NA and DMA and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) revealed enhanced localization of Fe and Zn in endosperm and crease tissues, respectively. Iron bioavailability was increased in white flour milled from field-grown CE-OsNAS2grain and positively correlated with NA and DMA concentrations usc Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2019