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Additional file 1. Supporting information including additional methods, figures and tables.

Manipulating particle size is a powerful mean of creating unprecedented applications both in inorganic and organic materials. Coordination polymer, emerging as one sort of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, has attracted thriving interests in a variety of applications, but nanoscale coordination polymer has scarcely been touched. In this work, pure-phase coordination polymer [Cu6(1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)butane)3I6]∞ with different sizes as well as morphologies was synthesized through facile top-down route assisted with solvent-etching for the first time. The size and morphology could be adjusted just via varying the participated etching solvents. Our mechanistic investigation suggest that the bulk coordination polymer as precursor in the etching solvents may experience a process of dispersion, dissolvation, recrystalization to generate the nanoscale counterpart. Higher catalytic activity of nanoscale coordination polymer was observed in N-arylation of imidazole aryl halide, and was attributed to higher surface area and lower coordination number of unsaturated coordination sites (CUSs). This simple and rapid preparation, requiring neither specialized equipment nor harsh conditions, suggests a wealth of potential for reducing down the size of coordination polymer to comply with various practical applications.

The single component (SC) white-light emitting (WLE) metal-organic frameworks based on europium (Eu-MOFs), which could be applied in lighting and display, have drawn great attention but have rarely been exploited. In this work, we dedicated to design and synthesize SC-WLE Eu-MOFs via a dichromatic strategy on the balance of simultaneous ligand-based and Eu-based emissions. The Eu-MOF {[Eu4(obb)6(H2O)9]·(H2O)}∞ (IAM16–3) generated via the self-assembly of the flexible ligand 4,4′-oxybisbenzoic acid (H2obb) and europium ions displays fascinating excitation-wavelength-dependent photoluminescence (EWDP) property. Upon different excitation wavelengths, tunable WLE through manipulating the intensity ratio of characteristic emissions of Eu3+ ions and ligand-based emissions was performed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example for Eu-MOFs to yield SC-WLE stemming from EWDP property. Three isomorphic lanthanide-based MOFs (LnMOFs), that is, {[Ln4(obb)6(H2O)9]·(H2O)}∞ (Eu3+: IAM16–3; Tb3+: IAM16–4;...

Ca 2 TiMnO 6 compounds were synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction in air. The crystal structure and magnetic properties were investigated. Characterization of X-ray diffractions and the refinement analysis confirmed the orthorhombic (space group Pbnm) structure of Ca 2 TiMnO 6 at room temperature. Magnetic measurements reveal that the double perovskite Ca 2 TiMnO 6 has antiferromagnetic interactions at low temperature and a paramagnetic order above 40 K. According to the Curie–Weiss fitting at high temperature, the Neel constant θ p and experimental efficient moment μ eff was estimated to be about −161.98 K and 4.91 μ B , respectively. The theoretical efficient moment was calculated to be 3.87 μ B . The XPS analysis indicates that the difference between experimental and theoretical efficient moment caused by the mixed valence state of Mn in Ca 2 TiMnO 6 . The temperature dependence of coercivity field shows a soft magnetic property in Ca 2 TiMnO 6 oxides. The mechanism of the low temperature anomaly which was appeared in magnetization curve was discussed in detail.

Background Pre-hospital delay was a critical factor affecting stroke patients receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy. The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with pre-hospital delay and thrombolysis in China. Methods Patient data were obtained from emergency department (ED), and the factors of patient pre-hospital delay were recorded through a well-designed form. Results A total of 630 patients were eventually included in the study. 317 patients were admitted to the ED during the thrombolysis time window, and only 105 patients received intravenous thrombolytic therapy. In the univariate analysis, transportation (OR: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.44 - 0.518; p = 0.001), atrial fibrillation (OR: 0.555; 95% CI: 0.372-0.828; p = 0.004) and response of symptoms (OR: 0.002; 95% CI: 0.000-0.013; p = 0.000) were associated with early arrival. Speech disturbances (OR: 2.095; 95% CI: 1.294-3.391; p = 0.002), smoking (OR: 2.563; 95% CI: 1.527-4.304; p = 0.000), alcohol consumption (OR: 2.155; 95% CI: 1.159-4.005; p = 0.014) and referral presentation (OR: 2.837; 95% CI: 1.584-5.082; p = 0.000) were associated with thrombolysis. In the logistic regression analysis, direct visiting to the hospital after onset and rushing to emergency after onset were independent predictor of early arrival of AIS and intravenous thrombolytic. Conclusions The pre-hospital delay of acute ischemic stroke in China was still serious. Strengthening the ability to identify stroke-related symptoms and establishing a mutual referral medical support service model between lower and upper hospitals may effectively shorten the pre-hospital delay of stroke patients.

Over the past few decades, bistable [2]rotaxanes have been extensively studied because of their applications in molecular switches. In this paper, a rotaxane molecule containing a dibenzo-24-crown-8 ring and Rhodamine B units was synthesized and characterized by 1 H NMR and HRMS. The Rhodamine B component allows the fluorophore fluorescence to be manipulated in alternate modes by varying the pH of the solution under irradiation. Because of the easy regulation and high sensitivity of the changes in fluorophore fluorescence, Rhodamine B [2]rotaxane can be used as a molecular switch, with different pH values as the input and changes in the fluorescence intensity as the output signals.

A novel rhodamine B-based sensor 1 consisting of a rhodamine B moiety linked to the amine end of a 1,4,7,10-tetraoxa-13-azacyclopentadecane was designed and synthesized. Sensor 1 exhibits a high selectivity for Fe 3+ in the presence of many other metal cations in a MeOH/H 2 O (1:1, v/v, pH = 7.4) solution. The binding analysis using a Job plot suggested that sensor 1 formed a 1:1 complex with Fe 3+ . The Fe 3+ binding ability of 1 was further demonstrated by DFT calculations. Fluorescence microscopy experiments demonstrated that sensor 1 can be used as a fluorescent probe for the detection of Fe 3+ in human liver cells (L-02) and rat neuronal cells (PC12).

Sialon–ZrN powders were synthesized from low-grade bauxite using a zirconite additive by carbothermal reduction nitridation (CRN). The as-synthesized Sialon–ZrN powders were subsequently used as SiC-based free-fired refractories. Their phase compositions and microstructures of the powders were determined using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The physical properties and blast furnace (BF) slag resistance of the SiC–Sialon–ZrN free-fired refractories were also studied. The results show that the low-grade bauxite and zirconite powders were transformed to β-Sialon and ZrN by the CRN process at 1600 °C. The phenolic resin provided a strongly bonded interface between the Sialon–ZrN matrix and SiC particles and thus enhanced their combined strength after drying at 150 °C. The strength increased as the temperature was elevated from 1000 °C to 1500 °C. As the ZrN content increased, the slag erosion rate of the SiC–Sialon–ZrN free-fired refractories initially decreased and then increased after being heated at 1500 °C. The presence of ZrO 2 in the slag (oxidized from ZrN) revealed that the ZrO 2 did not react with other oxides in the BF slag to form low melting point phases. This may play a crucial role in its BF slag erosion resistance. The corrosion mechanism of the BF slag towards the as-prepared SiC–Sialon–ZrN free-fired refractories was determined to be oxidation-erosion-dissolution-penetration.

The excitation-wavelength-dependent photoluminescence (EWDP) property of flexible organic ligand 1,4-bis(2-methyl-imidazol-1-yl)butane (Bmib) was observed. Herein, Bmib was chosen as a bridge linker to react with AgX (X = Br and I) to synthesize novel coordination network compounds (CNCs) with interesting EWDP properties. As anticipated, under the same hydrothermal synthesis conditions, two new isomorphic CNCs, i.e. [Ag2(Bmib)Br2]∞ (IAM16-1) and [Ag2(Bmib)I2]∞ (IAM16-2), as the first examples of CNCs showing EWDP properties, have been obtained. The EWDP properties may be attributed to the stretch and rotation of the long -(CH2)4- chains of Bmib and the spatial orientation adjustment of the methyl group of each imidazole ring at different excitation wavelengths. It is a great challenge to point out the emission mechanisms of CNCs merely from the experimental results due to their multiple charge transfer routes. To address this issue, we adopt DFT calculations to pursue in-depth investigation of the emission mechanisms for IAM16-1 and IAM16-2, respectively.

A new fluorescent chemosensor based on a Rhodamine B and a benzyl 3-aminopropanoate conjugate (RBAP) was designed, synthesized, and structurally characterized. Its single crystal structure was obtained and analyzed by X-ray analysis. In a MeOH/H2O (2:3, v/v, pH 5.95) solution RBAP exhibits a high selectivity and excellent sensitivity for Sn2+ ions in the presence of many other metal cations. The binding analysis using the Job’s plot suggested the RBAP formed a 1:1 complex with Sn2+.

A design of a monolithic IC with clock recovery, data decision and 1:4 demultiplexer for fiber communication of SDH STM-64 implemented in JAZZ 0.18 um CMOS technology is described. A half-rate linear phase detector, a charge pump, a two-pole passive low pass filter, a voltage-controlled oscillator and a demultiplexer build up the clock and data recovery circuit. The stimulate result exhibits 4 ps peak-to-peak jitter for recovered clock and 8 ps peak-to-peak jitter for demultiplexed data respectively with 10 Gb/s pseudo random bit sequence (PSBS). Under 1.8-V supply, the power dissipation is 190 mw.

This paper proposes an intelligent control framework for biomass drying process with flue gases based on FLC (fuzzy logic controller) and CAN (Controller Area Network) bus. In the operation of a biomass drying process, in order to get the biomass with the set-point low moisture content dried by waste high temperature flue gases, it is necessary to intelligent control for the biomass flow rate. Use of an experiment with varied materials at different initial moisture contents enables acquisition of the biomass flow rates as initial setting values. Set the error between actual straw moisture content and set-point, and rate of change of error as two inputs. the biomass flow rate can be acquired by the fuzzy logic computing as the output. Since the length of dryer is more than twenty meters, the integration by the CAN bus can ensure real-time reliable data acquisition and processing. The control framework for biomass drying process can be applied to a variety of biomass, such as, cotton stalk, corn stalk, rice straw, wheat straw, sugar cane. It has strong potential for practical applications because of its advantages on intelligent providing the set-point low moisture content of biomass feedstock for power generation equipment.