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The spread of aquatic invasive species (AIS) by aquarium and water garden hobbyists is of great concern throughout freshwater ecosystems. To teach hobbyists about the dangers of AIS and how individuals can prevent their spread, numerous outreach campaigns have been developed. In the U.S. state of Illinois, the Illinois – Indiana Sea Grant (IISG) developed the Be A Hero – Release Zero outreach campaign in 2013, and has since promoted that campaign as well as Take AIM: Aquatic Invaders in the Marketplace, What’s in your water garden? and What’s in your aquarium? The present study was developed to assess the impact of IISG outreach by examining familiarity with these campaigns, as well as AIS-related beliefs and behaviors.

We present a machine learning (ML) framework for designing desired signal power profiles over the spectral and spatial domains in the fiber span. The proposed framework adjusts the Raman pump power values to obtain the desired two-dimensional (2D) profiles using a convolutional neural network (CNN) followed by the differential evolution (DE) technique. The CNN learns the mapping between the 2D profiles and their corresponding pump power values using a data-set generated by exciting the amplification setup. Nonetheless, its performance is not accurate for designing 2D profiles of practical interest, such as a 2D flat or a 2D symmetric (with respect to the middle point in distance). To adjust the pump power values more accurately, the DE fine-tunes the power values initialized by the CNN to design the proposed 2D profile with a lower cost value. In the fine-tuning process, the DE employs the direct amplification model which consists of 8 bidirectional propagating pumps, including 2 second-order and 6 first order, in an 80 km fiber span. We evaluate the framework to design broadband 2D flat and symmetric power profiles, as two goals for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system performing over the whole C-band. Results indicate the framework's ability to achieve maximum power excursion of 2.81 dB for a 2D flat, and maximum asymmetry of 14% for a 2D symmetric profile.

How scientists communicate can influence public viewpoints on invasive species. In the scientific literature, some invasion biologists adopt neutral language, while others use more loaded language, for example by emphasizing the devastating impacts of invasive species and outlining consequences for policy and practice. An evaluation of the use of language in the invasion biology literature does not exist, preventing us from understanding which frames are used and whether there are correlations between message framing in scientific papers and local environmental impacts associated with invasive species. Thus, we conducted a systematic literature review of 278 peer-reviewed articles published from 2008–2018 to understand communication styles adopted by social and natural scientists while reporting on aquatic non-native species research. Species-centered frames (45%) and human-centered frames (55%) were adopted to nearly equal degrees. Negative valence was dominant in that 81.3% of articles highlighted the negative risks and impacts of invasive species. Additionally, the use of terminology was found to broadly align with the stage of invasion, in that “invasive” was most commonly used except when the research was conducted at early stages of invasion, when “non-native” was most commonly used. Terminology use therefore enables readers of scientific papers to infer the status and severity of ongoing invasions. Given that science communication within the peer-reviewed literature affects public understanding of research outcomes, these findings provide an important point of reflection for researchers.

The presence of organic sulfur compounds (OS) at the water surface acting as organic surfactants, may influence the air-water interaction and contribute to new particle formation in the atmosphere. However, the impact of ubiquitous anthropogenic pollutant emissions, such as SO2 and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on the formation of OS at the air-water interface still remains unknown. Here, we observe large amounts of OS formation in the presence of SO2, upon irradiation of aqueous solutions containing typical PAHs, such as pyrene (PYR), fluoranthene (FLA), and phenanthrene (PHE) as well as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). We observe rapid formation of several gaseous OSs from light-induced heterogeneous reactions of SO2 with either DMSO or a mixture of PAHs and DMSO (PAHs/DMSO), and some of these OSs (e.g. methanesulfonic acid) are well established secondary organic aerosol (SOA) precursors. A myriad of OSs and unsaturated compounds are produced and detected in the aqueous phase. The tentative reaction pathways are supported by theoretical calculations of the Gibbs energy of reactions. Our findings provide new insights into potential sources and formation pathways of OSs occurring at the water (sea, lake, river) surface, that should be considered in future model studies for a better representation of the air-water interaction and SOA formation processes.

The draft Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework commits to achievement of equity and justice outcomes and represents a “relational turn” in how we understand inclusive conservation. Although “inclusivity” is drawn on as a means to engage diverse stakeholders, widening the framing of inclusivity can create new tensions with regard to how to manage protected areas. We first offer a set of tensions that emerge in the light of the relational turn in biodiversity conservation. Drawing on global case examples applying multiple methods of inclusive conservation, we then demonstrate that, by actively engaging in the interdependent phases of recognizing hybridity, enabling conditions for reflexivity and partnership building, tensions can not only be acknowledged but softened and, in some cases, reframed when managing for biodiversity, equity, and justice goals. The results can improve stakeholder engagement in protected area management, ultimately supporting better implementation of global biodiversity targets.

The Victoria microplate is generally assumed to be internally rigid, i.e. non-deforming. Here, we describe geomorphological evidence for active fragmentation of the microplate along the E-W to NE-SW striking Isuria-Utimbara fault system, Lake Victoria, in the Kenya-Tanzania transboundary region.The Isuria-Utimbara fault system has received little previous attention and is not recognised as seismically active. The fault system marks the northern boundary of the Mara River Basin and lies within the mapped extent of the Victoria microplate, an apparently relatively rigid block situated on the Tanzanian craton. The area is defined by low seismicity within the temporal limits of the instrumental record: seismicity is concentrated along the western arm (as well as, to a lesser extent, the southernmost part of the eastern arm) of the East African Rift (EAR). Here, we describe geomorphological evidence for geologically recent earthquake activity, which has produced scarps and alluvial fans in the hanging walls of the major escarpments. The scarps appear to be segmented, with typical segment lengths of approximately 15 km, and together sum to an along-strike length of approximately 100 km. The height of the scarps exceeds 8 m with a maximum height of 25 m (measured using TanDEM-X Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Global data which has a horizontal resolution of 12 m and an ~2 m height error). Considering the length of a typical segment, scaling relationships suggest the possibility for multiple >Mw 6 earthquakes. If the segments slipped together, this would result in a maximum earthquake magnitude of >7. Although dating has not yet been carried out, a constraint on slip rate comes from displaced Neogene volcanics found above and below the main escarpment, which give a long-term vertical displacement rate of approximately 0.1mm/yr, comparable with stable continental intraplate settings. Our findings have implications for the seismic hazard of the region: although parts of the Mara River Basin are protected areas of great ecological importance, population density is increasing along the shores of Lake Victoria and a major gold mine lies directly to the south of the fault system. This fault appears to be fragmenting the Tanzanian craton, albeit at relatively slow rates, and cratonic settings are in general capable of producing large and damaging earthquakes due to the possibility for a large seismogenic thickness.

It is well accepted that convection in the Earth’s mantle provides the torques to drive vertical and horizontal plate motions. Yet the precise nature of the interaction between flow and plates remains incomplete, because the strength of plates allows them to integrate over a presumably complex flow field in the mantle beneath – making it difficult to get a glimpse even on the recent Cenozoic mantle flow. Over the past years a pressure driven, so-called Poiseuille, flow model for upper mantle flux in the asthenosphere has gained increasing geodynamic attention – for a number of fluid dynamic arguments. This elegantly simple model makes a powerful testable prediction: Poiseuille flow induce plate motion changes should coincide with regional scale mantle convection induced elevation changes.Here I will focus on Australia, which undergoes a profound directional change from westward to northward motion in the early Cenozoic. At the same time there is evidence for early Cenozoic high dynamic topography in the western part of the continent. Thus, suggesting a high-pressure source in the upper mantle to the west of Australia. Altogether these geological and geophysical observations indicate that the separation of Australia from Antarctica was largely driven by plume push torque from the Kerguelen plume.

Mantle convection is a fundamental process responsible for shaping the tectonic evolution of the Earth. It is commonly perceived that mantle convection is difficult to constrain directly. However, it affects the horizontal and vertical motion of the lithosphere. The former is observed in the spreading rates, while the latter leaves various imprints in the geological record. In particular, the positive surface deflections driven by mantle convection create erosional/non-depositional environments, which induce gaps (hiatus) in the stratigraphic record (i.e., an absence or thinning of a sedimentary layer). Modern digital geological maps allow us to map long-wavelength no-/hiatus surfaces at continental scale systematically.Here we compare our continent-scale hiatus mapping to plate motion variations in the Atlantic and Indo-Australian realms from the Upper Jurassic onward. In general, we find the datasets correlate except when plate boundary forces may play a significant role. There is a timescale on the order of a geologic series, ten to a few tens of millions of years (Myrs), between the occurrence of continent-scale hiatus and plate motion changes. This is consistent with the presence of a weak upper mantle. Furthermore, we find significant differences in the spatial extent of hiatus patterns across and between continents, which means they cannot simply be explained by eustatic variations but should be linked to variations in the upper-mantle flow.Our results highlight the importance of geological datasets to map the temporal evolution of geodynamic processes in the deep Earth. Also, they imply that different timescales for convection and topography in convective support must be an integral component of time-dependent geodynamic Earth models. Studies of horizontal and vertical motion of the lithosphere to track past mantle flow would provide powerful constraints for adjoint-based geodynamic inverse models of past mantle convection.

Geological maps contain a large amount of information that can be used to constrain geodynamic models, but which has been often overlooked by the geodynamic community. Particularly significant are unconformable geologic contacts at continental scales: what is usually perceived as a lack of data (material eroded or not deposited) becomes instead part of the signal of dynamic topography.We were able to use geological maps to constrain the dynamic processes in the mantle beneath Africa by understanding its Cenozoic elevation history, and by using it to distinguish between different uplift and subsidence scenarios. This was accomplished by mapping the spatio-temporal patterns of geological contacts at the series level using continental-scale geological maps, under the assumption that continental-scale unconformable contacts are proxies for vertical motions and for paleotopography. We also mapped the present-day elevation of marine sediments for each series.We found that significant differences exist in interregional hiatus surfaces. For example, the total unconformable area at the base of the Miocene expands significantly compared to the base of the Oligocene, strongly suggesting that most of Africa underwent uplift in the Oligocene. In southern Africa there are no marine Oligocene or Pleistocene sediments, suggesting that this region reached a high in the Oligocene, subsided in the Miocene and Pliocene, and has been high again since late Pliocene to Pleistocene. More generally, to reproduce the pattern of marine sedimentation in Africa that we mapped, sea level increases between 300 and at least 500 m above present level would be required. These are well in excess of the maximum 150 m eustatic sea level rise that has been postulated by several authors for the Cenozoic. Our results therefore support a dynamic origin for the topography of Africa. Specifically, the time-scale of geologic series (at most a few tens of millions of years) is comparable to the spreading-rate variations in the south Atlantic, which have been linked to African elevation changes through pressure-driven upper mantle flow.

Wildlife play prominent roles in popular images of America’s outdoor landscapes, yet our understanding of their contribution to place meanings is not fully developed. Although environmental management agencies have a long history of stewarding wildlife for hunting and fishing, they have been less inclined to prioritize non-consumptive uses such as the contribution of wildlife to sense of place. Given that agencies are increasingly challenged to implement policies that align with citizen priorities, connecting wildlife to sense of place could lead to more effective decisions. Our research explored the plurality of connections that residents made with wildlife in multiple protected areas across the USA region of Interior Alaska. Residents of nine communities were engaged over a five-year period, followed by a thematic analysis of interview data, which resulted in the identification of seven place meaning themes. These themes reflected qualities of the local environment that were appreciated by residents, including: 1) desirable travel destination, 2) distinct sense of community, 3) landscape of subsistence and tradition, 4) landscape of wildlife habitat, 5) natural resources in need of harvesting, 6) rural Alaskan lifestyle, and 7) wildland areas tied to recreation. Native wildlife species – from traditionally charismatic species like moose (Alces alces) to less iconic species such as snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) – were discussed in the context of all seven place meaning themes. Wildlife provided a basis for study participants to interpret landscapes and ascribe meanings to places, thus supporting our argument that shared influences of wildlife and place meanings should be prioritized in environmental planning and management.

Two Higgs doublet models (2HDM) provide the low energy effective field theory (EFT) description in many well motivated extensions of the Standard Model. It is therefore relevant to study their properties, as well as the theoretical constraints on these models. In this article we concentrate on three relevant requirements for the validity of the 2HDM framework, namely the perturbative unitarity bounds, the bounded from below constraints, and the vacuum stability constraints. In this study, we concentrate on the most general renormalizable version of the 2HDM -- without imposing any parity symmetry, which may be violated in many UV extensions. We derive novel analytical expressions that generalize those previously obtained in more restrictive scenarios to the most general case. We also discuss the phenomenological implications of these bounds, focusing on CP violation., 39 pages, 6 figures; v2: matches published version

We experimentally demonstrate transmission over a subset of up to 4 spatial modes of a deployed 15-mode Graded-index Fiber Cable.

We demonstrate the maximization of reach for 425G SWDM systems based on VCSEL-MMF links through variable rate solutions, reaching up to >100 m for 99% of tested links.

Objective The purpose of this scoping review was to systematically examine interventions that focused on physical activity assessment and promotion in clinical settings in the United States. Data Sources A literature search was performed in 6 major databases to extract published peer-reviewed studies from 2008 to 2019. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Interventions with practicing health professionals in the United States who performed physical activity assessment and promotion with adult patients 18 years of age and older. Studies were excluded if they were published in non-English, observational or case study designs, or gray literature. Data Extraction Studies were screened and coded based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcomes and study setting for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) framework. Of 654 studies that were identified and screened for eligibility, 78 met eligibility criteria and were independently coded by two coders. Data Synthesis Data were synthesized using qualitative and descriptive methods. Results Forty-three of the included studies were randomized controlled trials with a majority being delivered by physicians and nurses in primary care settings. Fifty-six studies reported statistically significant findings in outcome measures such as anthropometrics and chronic disease risk factors, with 17 demonstrating improvements in physical activity levels as a result of the interventions. Conclusion The assessment and promotion of physical activity in clinical settings appears to be effective but warrants continued research.

Demi meningkatkan konsumsi masyarakat terhadap suatu informasi, pemerintah berinovasi dengan menerapkan layanan berbasis elektronik yang disebut e-Government. e-Health merupakan salah satu program e-Government yang diterapkan pemerintah Kota Surabaya dalam bidang kesehatan. Kehadiran e-Health sangat berpengaruh pada layanan bidang kesehatan di masyarakat namun dalam hal penilaian kualitas masih perlu dilakukannya pendalaman lebih lanjut untuk peningkatan layanan. Salah satu pendekatan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi adalah e-Govqual. Pendekatan ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan lembaga pemerintah untuk menggali lebih dalam kebutuhan serta mendorong publik agar memanfaatkan layanan pemerintah secara konsisten. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu efficiency, trust, reliability, citizen support. Responden ditentukan dengan pendekatan lemeshow dan ditemukan minimal responden sebanyak 96 pengguna. Uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas dilakukan menggunakan tools SPSS, hasil menunjukkan valid secara keseluruhan. Kesenjangan antara kinerja dan harapan ditemukan dengan rentang antara -0.580 s/d -0.030 untuk setiap variabel dimana kesenjangan tertinggi terdapat pada variabel CS1, CS2 dan CS4. Analisis dengan pendekatan IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) menunjukkan terdapat 10 variabel pengukuran yang merupakan prioritas utama peningkatan layanan kualitas website e-Health.

This letter reports a novel approach for nonlinear phase noise mitigation, based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) tailored to classification applications and a pre-processing stage of feature engineering. Starting with a set of proof-of-concept simulations, we verify that the proposed system can achieve optimal performance for the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Then, considering a dispersion-less channel with strong nonlinear phase noise (NLPN) distortion, we demonstrate a Q-factor increase of 0.4dB, comparing with standard carrier-phase estimation (CPE) followed by minimum distance detection. Finally, simulating the propagation of 64Gbaud PM-16QAM over standard single mode fiber (SSMF), we verify that the ANN-based solution is effective on wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) transmission conditions, enabling to increase the maximum signal reach by approximately 1 fiber span over the legacy CPE-enabled NLPN compensation.

We investigate the electroweak phase transition patterns for a recently proposed baryogenesis model with CP violation originated in the dark sector. The model includes a complex scalar singlet-Higgs boson portal, a U(1)l gauge lepton symmetry with a Z′ gauge boson portal and a fermionic dark matter particle. We find a novel thermal history of the scalar sector, featuring a Z2 breaking singlet vacuum in the early Universe driven by a dark Yukawa coupling, that induces a one-step strongly first order electroweak phase transition. We explore the parameter space that generates the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry and dark matter relic abundance, while being consistent with constraints from electric dipole moment, collider searches, and dark matter direct detection bounds. The complex singlet can be produced via the Higgs portal and decays into Standard Model particles after traveling a certain distance. We explore the reach for long-lived singlet scalars at the 13 TeV Large Hadron Collider with $$ \mathcal{L} $$ L = 139 fb−1 and show its impact on the parameter space of the model. Setting aside currently unresolved theoretical uncertainties, we estimate the gravitational wave signatures detectable at future observatories.

The interrelated concepts of place attachment and place meaning are antecedents to pro-environmental behavior and essential for supporting decisions that foster relationships between people and places. Previous research has argued that affect is instrumental in conceptualizing place-related phenomena but has not yet been considered in terms of discrete emotions. We disentangled the empirical relationships between concepts of place and the emotions of pride and guilt to understand how they collectively contributed to individuals’ decisions about environmental sustainability. Specifically, we conducted an online survey of residents living in the Midwestern US and asked questions about their attachments to places and their place-related behavior. We then tested a latent variable path model with first- and second-order factors that shaped the behavioral intentions of survey respondents, as well as evaluated the psychometric properties of a place meaning scale, to uncover the range of reasons why human-nature relationships were formed. Our findings show that multiple place meanings predicted place attachment, which in turn predicted the discrete emotions of pride and guilt. Place attachment, pride, and guilt positively correlated with pro-environmental behavior. We also observed that the relationships between multi-dimensional conceptualizations of place attachment and behavioral intentions were partially mediated by pride but not guilt, as hypothesized in response to the broaden and build theory of positive emotions. This study develops theoretical insights to clarify how cognitive-emotional bonding can lead people to behave in more environmentally friendly ways.

SUMMARY The ratio of seismogenic to aseismic deformation along active faults is needed to estimate their seismogenic potential and hazards. Seismologic and geodetic methods routinely capture coseismic displacements, but data acquisition requirements to fully document post-seismic deformation are not well known. Our study documents afterslip between about 18 months and 4 years after a mid-size earthquake and, based on remote structural mapping, we document fault rupture segments not previously associated with that earthquake. Persistent scatterer interferometric analysis of Sentinel-1A aperture radar data acquired between October 2014 and December 2018 reveals prolonged post-seismic deformation following the 11 May 2013 Mw 6.1 Minab earthquake and its aftershocks. The surface deformation data yield a sharp contrast across both the main seismogenic fault (here named the Irer fault) and its northeastern splay, and it is compatible with left-lateral motion along both faults. The PSI data helped us to identify and map the splay fault in the satellite imagery. We could then measure the geological offset along both faults, finding maximum displacements of about 1 km (main fault) and 350 m (splay). Our modelling of the observed post-seismic surface deformation pattern shows that post-seismic deformation was accommodated by left-lateral afterslip, not viscoelastic relaxation. This result is consistent with previous propositions that Mw 6 earthquakes do not measurably excite deeply seated viscoelastic relaxation mechanisms. Our afterslip modelling yields a slip pattern from the surface to a depth of 6 km to maximum 16 km, in agreement with the depth of the coseismic slip-distribution, and a maximum displacement of ∼7 cm along the fault, but located ∼8 km to the east of the coseismic slip maximum. Moment release during the observed afterslip in our study is Mw 5.7, or 12% of the coseismic moment released by main shock and aftershocks together. Combined with previously published results for the early post-seismic period (first 2 months), we estimate the aseismic moment to be at least ∼37% of the total, implying a high ratio of aseismic to seismic moment release for the Irer fault. Our results show that observation time windows well beyond 5 years are needed to record afterslip following mid-sized earthquakes. Thus, progress in understanding the transition from post-seismic to interseismic fault behaviour critically depends on the availability of data provided by satellite missions such as Copernicus Sentinel-1A. Similarly, robust comparison of the post-seismic rates with long-term geological rates requires palaeoseismic study and dating of related morphotectonic features.

Digital subcarrier multiplexing (SCM) has recently emerged as a promising solution for next-generation ultra-high-baudrate coherent optical communication systems. Among its distinctive advantages over traditional single-carrier modulation, SCM enables the exploitation of symbol-rate optimization (SRO), which has been shown to enable the passive mitigation of the nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) that is generated during propagation over dispersion-unmanaged optical fiber systems. However, the full exploitation of SRO-based NLIN mitigation is severely hindered by the uncompensated distortion caused by laser phase noise (LPN) and non-linear phase noise (NLPN), whose impact is magnified by the use of low-baudrate subcarriers. Resorting to low-complexity carrier phase estimation (CPE) algorithms, in this paper we experimentally demonstrate that it is possible to overcome the hurdles posed by LPN and NLPN in SCM systems, provided that adequate joint-subcarrier CPE processing is employed. A dual-stage joint-processing approach composed of a pilot-based CPE optionally followed by a blind phase search (BPS)-based estimator is implemented and experimentally assessed, enabling to effectively optimize the symbol-rate per subcarrier down to 3 GBaud, in accordance with the theoretical SRO predictions for the system under test. In addition, we demonstrate that signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gains of more than 1 dB can be achieved through joint-subcarrier CPE processing in shorter-reach links, while this gain tends to progressively reduce with increasing propagation distance, down to about 0.5 dB gain after 3000 km propagation.

The overwhelming observational difficulties and the complexity of earthquake physics have rendered seismic hazard assessment largely empirical. Despite increasingly high-quality geodetic, seismic, and field observations, data-driven earthquake imaging yields stark differences and physics-based models explaining all observed dynamic complexities are elusive. Here we present data-assimilated 3D dynamic rupture models which untwine California's biggest earthquakes in more than 20 years: the moment magnitude (Mw) 6.4 Searles Valley and Mw7.1 Ridgecrest, California, sequence breaking multiple segments of the same fault system. Our models use supercomputing to find the link between the two large earthquakes. We unify the uniquely high-quality strong-motion and teleseismic, field mapping, high-rate GNSS, and space geodetic foreshock and mainshock datasets with earthquake physics. We find that the regional structure, the ambient long- and short-term stress, as well as the dynamic and static fault system interactions, are conjointly crucial to understand the dynamics and delays of the sequence. Dynamic rupture of a statically strong yet dynamically weak fault system is driven by overpressurized fluids and low dynamic friction in our models. The observed earthquake complexity results from static and dynamic stress changes acting across a non-vertical quasi-orthogonal conjugate fault structure. We demonstrate that joint physics-based and data-driven illumination of the mechanics of complex fault systems and earthquake sequences is possible when reconciling dense earthquake recordings, 3D regional structure and stress models. We foresee that physics-based interpretation of big observational data-sets characterizing complex nonlinear systems will have a transformative impact on future geohazard mitigation.

Tropical maize germplasm can contribute useful and unique genes. It can provide greater resistance to pests and diseases, better quality crops, and trait genes and combinations not often present in commercially available northern U.S. temperate hybrids. Uniform farmer fields with genetically identical hybrids have a high risk of genetic vulnerabilities due to disease epidemics and abiotic stresses, especially after the recent major industry mergers. The EarlyTROP program was created with the long-term goal to increase the genetic diversity of short-season maize carrying 100% tropical germplasm. Five tropical maize populations were assessed for adaptation to ND short-season environments: NDSHLC (an improved composite from highland Mexico), BS16 (an improved strain of ETO from Colombia), BS28 (an improved strain of Tuxpeno from Mexico), BS29 (an improved strain of Suwan-1 from Thailand), and BS39 (an improved strain of Tuson mainly from Brazil and Cuba). The program conducted three cycles of stratified mass selection for days to silking near Casselton and Prosper, ND for all varieties except for NDSHLC, which had six selection cycles of stratified mass selection. Selected populations (NDHighland, NDEto, NDTuxpeno, NDSuwan-1, and NDTuson), and 31 checks including standard known and commercialized population and single-cross hybrids were evaluated across 12 short-season environmend. Stratified mass selection was a cost-effective and successful breeding procedure for adapting tropical populations to short-season environments without exceptions. NDTuxpeno is ready to be used in very short-season areas. It has shown to be the driest population of the experiment with 17.6% grain moisture at harvest time, statistically lower than 18 checks. Thus, confirming its adaptation to short-season environments. NDHighland, NDEto, NDSuwan-1, and NDTuson also showed evidence of adaptation. Adapted varieties represent unique new options for maize breeders to expand the genetic base of their current breeding programs. This gene pool, not present in current U.S. genome sequences or short-season areas, will offer unique early maturing competitive genes and products not available in the northern U.S. industry.

Central nervous system (CNS) toxoplasmosis is a well-known opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS. Spinal cord involvement and brain hemorrhage are very infrequent manifestations of CNS toxoplasmosis. In this report, we describe a patient with unknown AIDS presenting with bilateral headaches and new onset of bilateral leg weakness, diagnosed with CNS toxoplasmosis with a CSF polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for T. gondii, associated with spinal cord involvement (a central lesion in the conus medullaris) and multiple brain lesions with hemorrhage. The patient required therapy with pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, and dexamethasone, with favorable outcomes after 30 days of therapy. Our case re-emphasizes the diagnosis of CNS toxoplasmosis in patients with advance HIV disease and spinal cord involvement. A high index of suspicion is needed, especially in HIV/AIDS patients not receiving HAART, who are seropositive for T. gondii, have a CD4+ count less than 100 cells/mm3, and present with symptoms consistent with spinal disease and even more with suggestive coincident brain lesions.

Given an Ap-Muckenhoupt weight on a fractal obtained as the attractor of an iterated function system, we construct a sequence of approximating weights, which are simple functions belonging uniformly to the Ap class on the approximating spaces.

The Exercise is Medicine On Campus (EIM-OC) program began in 2009 at Chatham University by Dr. Robert Sallis, Dr. Carena Winters, and ACSM leadership. The vision of EIM-OC is "to see all campus and community members across multiple disciplines discover, share, and adopt the principles of EIM that will help change the culture of physical activity and chronic disease prevention and management campus wide." Although EIM-OC maintains close track of programmatic details, such as the number of registered and recognized institutions, a comprehensive review of EIM-OC publications has not been previously reported. The purpose of this scoping review was to 1) identify and examine all peer-reviewed evidence of EIM-OC, including scholarly articles and published abstracts of presentations; 2) analyze the key themes of EIM-OC implementation and outcomes; and 3) identify gaps in the literature. The scoping review covered all peer-reviewed publications, including scholarly articles and published abstracts, from 2009 to December 2021. In total, 9 scholarly articles and 46 published abstracts were included in this review. The articles and abstracts covered a wide range of topics, including gold level (physical activity assessment and exercise referral), silver level (physical activity education), and bronze level (physical activity awareness and promotion) activities, as well as evaluation of EIM-OC programming. Now that EIM-OC programming is firmly established, we now call on campuses and leaders to strengthen their reporting of EIM-OC outcomes at all levels: gold, silver, and bronze. Publishing research evidence will strengthen EIM-OC programming and initiatives. Specifically, we encourage publishing scholarly articles and using broad means for increasing dissemination.

Polyphenols, the most abundant natural biochemicals found in fruits, vegetables seeds, red wine, cocoa, coffee and spices, may have cosmetic and health effects.This was a 1-month randomized, placebo-controlled study, approved by the institutional review board. In total, 40 adults (mean age 44.65 years) were randomized to one of three groups: MitoHealThe photographs and self-report assessments revealed that, compared with placebo, MitoHeal supplementation resulted in improvements in skin quality and patient satisfaction from Day 0 to Day 30, with a dose-response relationship often evidenced (P0.05). No adverse events were reported.Pilot data revealed that MitoHeal supplementation might be effective for improving skin quality and patient satisfaction. Larger sample sizes and trial durations are needed to determine the effects of MitoHeal supplementation on beauty and overall health.