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Resumo: O turismo de cassinos é o tema da presente investigação, cujo recorte espacial contempla a região do Destino Turístico Iguaçu, na tríplice fronteira entre Brasil, Paraguai e Argentina, que oferta jogos de apostas como um de seus produtos. A pesquisa contribui para reduzir uma lacuna existente na literatura sobre turismo de cassinos no Brasil, buscando entender as motivações dos fluxos para estes atrativos a partir da perspectiva do turista. O objetivo geral é identificar os fatores motivacionais que levam os turistas brasileiros a visitar os cassinos do Destino Turístico Iguaçu. A metodologia utilizada foi de natureza qualitativa e documental, tendo como fonte de dados comentários de turistas na plataforma TripAdvisor. A captura dos comentários ocorreu com o uso de um software em Python, obtendo-se uma amostra de 2.197 comentários em língua portuguesa, entre agosto de 2012 e março de 2020. A tabulação e o processamento dos dados foram realizados com mecanismos para análise de textos do software R, que gerou um conjunto de quadrigramas (sequências de quatro palavras), para catalogar os fatores motivacionais que emergiram do corpus analisado. Aplicando análise de conteúdo, os quadrigramas foram classificados nas categorias motivacionais do modelo bidimensional push e pull proposta por Dann (1977) e Crompton (1979). Observou-se que as motivações que mais incentivam o turista a frequentar os cassinos (push) se concentram nos fatores “novidade”, seguido de “socialização” e “repouso e relaxamento”. No que tange às características que atraem os turistas para os cassinos (pull) aparecem os fatores “infraestrutura”, seguido de “bares e entretenimento” e “acomodações e transporte”. Abstract: Casino tourism is the subject of this research, whose spatial focus is the Tourist Destination Iguaçu, on the triple border between Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina, and which offers gambling as one of its products. The research contributes to filling a gap in the literature on casino tourism in Brazil, seeking to understand the factors that prompt visitors to these attractions, from the tourist's perspective. The general objective is to identify the motivational factors that lead Brazilian tourists to visit the casinos of the Tourist Destination Iguaçu. The methodology used was of qualitative and documentary, and the source of data was comments from tourists on the TripAdvisor platform. The comments were captured using Python software, obtaining a sample of 2,197 comments written in Portuguese, between August 2012 and March 2020. The data were tabulated and processed, using the R software to analyze the text contained in the comments. This analysis generated a set of quadrigrams (four-word sequences) to catalog the motivational factors that emerged from the analyzed corpus. Applying content analysis, the quadrigrams were classified into the motivational categories of the two-dimensional push and pull model proposed by Dann (1977) and Crompton (1979). It was observed that the motivations that most encourage tourists to visit casinos (push) are centered around the factors “novelty”, followed by “socialization” and “rest and relaxation”. Regarding the characteristics that attract tourists to the casinos (pull), the factor “infrastructure” appears first, followed by “bars and entertainment” and “accommodation and transport”. Resumen: El turismo de casino es objeto de la presente investigación, cuyo foco espacial incluye la región del Destino Turístico Iguazú, en la triple frontera entre Brasil, Paraguay y Argentina, que ofrece el juego como uno de sus productos. La investigación contribuye a reducir un vacío existente en la literatura sobre el turismo de casino en Brasil, buscando comprender las motivaciones de los flujos a estas atracciones desde la perspectiva del turista. El objetivo general es identificar los factores motivacionales que llevan a los turistas brasileños a visitar los casinos del Destino Turístico Iguazú. La metodología utilizada fue de carácter cualitativo y documental, teniendo como fuente de datos los comentarios de los turistas en la plataforma TripAdvisor. Los comentarios fueron capturados utilizando el software Python, obteniendo una muestra de 2.197 comentarios en portugués, entre agosto de 2012 y marzo de 2020. La tabulación y el procesamiento de datos se realizaron con mecanismos de análisis de texto del software R, que generó un conjunto de cuadrigramas (secuencias de cuatro palabras), para catalogar los factores motivacionales que surgieron del corpus analizado. Aplicando el análisis de contenido, los cuadrigramas se clasificaron en las categorías motivacionales del modelo bidimensional push y pull propuesto por Dann (1977) y Crompton (1979). Se observó que las motivaciones que más animan a los turistas a visitar los casinos (push) se concentran en los factores “novedad”, seguidos de “socialización” y “descanso y relajación”. En cuanto a las características que atraen a los turistas a los casinos (pull), aparecen los factores “infraestructura”, seguido de “bares y entretenimiento” y “alojamiento y transporte”.

Much has been written recently in the popular press about the rise of sports gambling, historical horse racing or instant racing (HHR), and esports. However, despite this, some note an overall decline in the popularity of gambling and gaming in general as horse racing (pari-mutuel) wagering has declined dramatically over the decades and as casino and lottery revenues have fallen slightly since before the Great Recession. This exploratory research note examines the trends in US gambling over the last several decades and explores whether the new forms of gambling will stem and reverse overall gambling stagnation in the United States. Despite reports of new gambling outlet successes, it appears that sports gambling, HHR, and esports have not done much to stop the overall fall in gambling revenues. This is probably due to stagnant disposable personal income growth.

A qualitative research study to explore AI and machine learning applications in the gambling field and develop an understanding of the associated risks and ethical considerations. This study has been reviewed by, and received ethics clearance through the University of Nevada, Las Vegas Institutional Review Board.

Machine Learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI). Given the increasing prevalence of AI globally and across industries, a number of documents outlining “AI principles” have been produced to assist in guiding the development and use of the technology. These documents have been constructed by a diverse set of actors – including governments, private sector companies, and advocacy groups – and differ in their intended audience, context, and detail (Fjeld et al., 2020). Therefore, these documents will vary in their relevance for specific AI/ML use-cases and/or industries. This presents a need for context specific guidance. AI/ML applications in gambling provide numerous potential benefits, but also present risk and raise ethical concerns. It is important for these issues to be identified and assessed, and for these to be communicated in such a way that they can be digested by a diverse group of stakeholders. Additionally, there is likely some misalignment between stakeholders - for example, between AI/ML practitioners and regulators - in terms of current AI/ML practices, the current capabilities of AI/ML, and quality control of AI/ML technologies. With this research we will conduct a systematic approach to developing a Responsible AI and Machine Learning in Gambling (RAIMLinG) framework. We will begin by defining the machine learning pipeline, from conceptualisation through to implementation. Using this pipeline as a guide we will overlay key questions, issues, and considerations. We will identify these via three steps: (1) a scoping literature review, (2) a grounded theory study, and (3) an expert roundtable discussion. This three step process will ensure the identification of current issues as well as those that are yet to receive attention. Within this OSF project are three registrations, which detail the methodologies for each of the three steps.

This study will analyze the professional experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic of the alumni of the Executive Development Program (EDP). EDP is a 10-day development program hosted annually by UNLV's International Gaming Institute and UNR's College of Business and Extended Studies, as a gambling industry educational program for executives, owners, senior managers, regulators, and other leaders in gambling-related organizations.

A história do movimento sindical nos casinos foi determinada, em grande medida, pela existência das gratificações (gorjetas). Ao contrário do que sucede na maioria dos contextos profissionais, o salário nunca representou, historicamente, a principal componente remuneratória dos pagadores de banca (dealers/croupiers). Desta forma, em detrimento de uma luta potencialmente unitária pelo salário, a dinâmica associativa e sindical destes trabalhadores caracterizou-se pela fragmentação das suas categorias profissionais na luta pela apropriação das gratificações. Este artigo, resultado de uma pesquisa documental e arquivística, procura perceber de que forma a existência das gratificações influenciou o movimento associativo e sindical nos casinos, em contraste com o sector da hotelaria, também ele altamente dependente das gorjetas. The history of trade unionism in Portuguese casinos has always been structured by the existence of tips. Contrary to what happens in most professional contexts, wages never represented the main remunerative component of dealers. Rather than a unitary struggle for wages, the union dynamics of Portuguese casinos were always characterized by the fragmented struggle for the appropriation of tips. This article, based on archival research, seeks to understand how the existence of tips influenced the dynamics of trade unionism in Portuguese casinos, in contrast with the hospitality sector, which was also highly dependent on tips. L’histoire du syndicalisme dans les casinos portugais a toujours été déterminée par l’existence des pourboires. Contrairement à ce qui se passe dans la plupart des contextes professionnels, les salaires n’ont jamais représenté la principale composante rémunératrice des croupiers. Ainsi, au détriment d’une lutte potentiellement unitaire pour les salaires, la dynamique associative et syndicale de ces travailleurs se caractérise par la fragmentation des catégories professionnelles et la lutte pour l’appropriation des pourboires. Cet article, résultat de recherches documentaires et archivistiques, cherche à comprendre comment l’existence des pourboires a influencé la dynamique du mouvement associatif et syndical dans les casinos portugais, en contraste avec le secteur hôtelier, aussi très dépendant des pourboires.

portuguesAo contrario do que sucede na maioria dos contextos laborais, a componente remuneratoria mais relevante para os trabalhadores dos dois casinos analisados neste artigo sao as gratificacoes1 e nao o salario. As gratificacoes e o salario sao duas materializacoes do mesmo principio economico: o dinheiro. Ao mesmo tempo, refletem quantidades semelhantes nos rendimentos globais dos pagadores de banca2 de casino. No entanto, assumem qualidades divergentes. Gratificacoes e salarios sao representados de formas distintas e, muitas vezes, antagonistas. A “economia moral” que regula os comportamentos e atitudes dos profissionais de banca em relacao as gratificacoes e manifestamente distinta da que esta associada aos salarios. A centralidade desta componente remuneratoria na experiencia laboral destes trabalhadores favorece a constituicao de “habitus profissionais” discrepantes em relacao a outras fracoes da classe trabalhadora. Este artigo, inserido na subdisciplina da antropologia economica e baseado numa investigacao etnografica, procura analisar os “mapas cognitivos” e os “universos simbolicos” associados as gratificacoes e aos salarios, bem como as suas implicacoes na experiencia profissional destes trabalhadores. EnglishContrary to what happens in most professional contexts, tips are the most relevant form of remuneration for the casino workers analyzed in this article. Tips and wages are two materializations of the same economic principle: money. At the same time, they reflect similar quantities in the overall remuneration of dealers/croupiers. However, they are qualified in very different ways. Tips and wages are regulated by two distinctive and often antagonistic “moral economies” that produces a very discrepant professional “habitus” in relation to other fractions of the working class. This article, inserted in the subdiscipline of economic anthropology and based on ethnographic research, seeks to analyze the "cognitive maps" and "symbolic universes" associated with tips and wages and the professional experiences that they implicate.

The retirement of the Boomer generation constitutes the largest wave of retirements in US history. This article examines the ways in which mega-casinos as institutions have become new spaces of aging and important sites where the ideals of retirement can be played out. Based on thirty-two months of fieldwork at two of the US’s largest casinos, I argue that these facilities help older adults maintain their personhood by engaging them socially, mentally, and physically through the myriad services and amenities they offer. Dominating narratives informed by Western economic and medical trends call for ‘active aging,’ ‘productive aging,’ or ‘aging gracefully,’ and these related paradigms emphasize social engagement along with physical and cognitive activities as the keys to thriving in old age. The casino environment simultaneously challenges and facilitates these narratives, providing an age-diverse setting in which seniors can exercise, entertain family, acquire gifts, and earn status. Drawing on David Graeber’s (2001) framework for theorizing value, I assert that it is participation in the many activities of the casino, rather than the monetary wins and losses, that has constituted them as valuable places to sustain personhood and achieve the ideals of an ‘active’ or ‘successful’ retirement.

This paper interrogates the exclusionary politics of casino urbanism in Singapore, especially in terms of how this particular brand of urbanism reproduces disciplinary regimes through the uneven consumption of fun and leisure. Singapore’s vision of becoming a world-class “state of fun” is accompanied by increasingly sophisticated measures of boundary making between global leisure citizens and the excluded others, often comprised of the working class and those deemed to be at risk or lacking self-control and responsibility. The evolving biopolitical borders coincide with the multiple borders set up around Singapore’s casino spaces, ensuring the exclusive consumption of Singapore’s casino urbanism by the wealthy few. The fun regimes help to normalize social exclusion, moralize disciplinary control, and give legitimacy to the new class of global consumers under the operations of the state-capital apparatus. This paper argues that exclusive casino urbanism has broader social and political implications on issues of equality, accessibility, and urban participation.

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las representaciones sociales de diferentes líderes institucionales en torno a los clientes de los casinos, sus motivaciones principales y el papel del casino en la cotidianidad. La metodología fue cualitativa-fenomenológica con entrevistas semiestructuradas. Participaron ocho líderes de instituciones religiosas, políticas, de salud mental y funcionarios gubernamentales. Los resultados evidencian que las mujeres en edad adulta se representan como el colectivo con mayor presencia en los casinos. Todos los participantes representan a las personas jugadoras asociadas al juego patológico y la soledad, con variaciones según la institución que representan. Se discute la pertinencia de generar procesos investigativos que amplíen la concepción de los juegos en casinos e impacten en las políticas públicas en salud y desarrollo socioeconómico. This study aims to analyze the social representations of different institutional leaders regarding the casino customers, their main motivations and role of the casino in daily life. The methodology was qualitative - phenomenological using semi-structured interviews. Participants were eight leaders of religious, political, and mental health institutions, and government officials. The results show that adult women are represented as the group with greater presence in the casinos. Loneliness and pathological gambling are part of the social representation of the players, with variations according to the institution that the leaders represent. The relevance of generating investigative processes that expand the concept of the games in casinos and impact on public health policies and socioeconomic development is discussed. O objetivo é analisar as representações sociais de diferentes líderes institucionais em torno dos clientes do casino, as suas principais motivações e papel do casino na vida diária. A metodologia foi qualitativa fenomenológica com entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Os participantes foram oito líderes de instituições de saúde, religiosas, políticas, de saúde mentais e funcionários do governo. Os resultados mostram que as mulheres adultas são representados como o grupo com maior presença nos casinos. Todos os participantes representam jogadores pessoas associadas com o jogo patológico e solidão, com variações de acordo com a instituição que representam. A relevância de gerar processos de pesquisa que expandem o conceito de jogo em casinos e impacto na política de saúde pública e do desenvolvimento socioeconômico é discutido.

Durante longas décadas, os casinos em Portugal permaneceram universos sociais e laborais hermeticamente fechados. O Estado impôs, desde cedo, o seu isolamento social, procurando, igualmente, restringir o acesso dos jogadores aos seus espaços. Esta selectividade e exclusivismo foram, prontamente, apropriados pelos trabalhadores do sector, ou seja, eles não hesitaram em mobilizar práticas de “oclusão social” que visavam restringir o acesso à categoria profissional de pagador de banca (dealer/croupier), preservar a raridade do seu título e impedir a vulgarização das suas competências profissionais. Este artigo, baseado numa investigação etnográfica, procura analisar as dinâmicas de constituição do “habitus” profissional dos pagadores de banca de casino, nomeadamente, pretende examinar os métodos de inculcação, incorporação e apropriação da técnica e atitude correctas. O artigo procura demonstrar, igualmente, como essa inculcação, incorporação e apropriação representam, simultaneamente, um ajustamento a todo um universo material e simbólico, isto é, a todo um saber ser e saber estar.

Desarrolla la determinación de los anticipos de tercera categoría del Impuesto a la Renta y si para ello debe considerarse como “ingreso” la totalidad de las apuestas recibidas por el operador de casinos y/o salas de máquinas tragamonedas conforme la interpretación planteada por Sunat en diversas fiscalizaciones y ratificada en diversos fallos del Tribunal Fiscal; o si debe considerarse como “ingreso” al diferencial resultante de restar a la totalidad de apuestas recibidas, los premios pagados a los apostadores durante el mismo período Trabajo de investigación

BackgroundA small number of studies have used a natural experiment approach to examine the health impacts of increased economic resources stemming from Native American-owned casinos. We build on this work by examining whether casinos are associated with obesity-related health in utero.MethodsWe examined whether casino openings or expansion (as proxy for increased economic resources) are associated with a decreased likelihood of infants being born large-for-gestational-age (LGA), an important risk factor for childhood overweight/obesity. We used repeated cross-sectional data from California birth records (1987-2011) to assess the prevalence of LGA births among Native Americans (n = 21011). Using zip code fixed-effect regression models, we compared how prevalence of LGA births changed in association with casino openings or expansions, while controlling for secular trends through the inclusion of a comparison group of Native American newborns in zip codes that were eligible to open or expand casinos, but did not do so. In sensitivity analyses, we evaluated whether there was any change in small-for-gestational-age births (SGA).ResultsAverage prevalence of LGA births over the period was 11%. Every one slot machine per capita increase was associated with a 0.13 percentage point decrease (95% confidence interval: -0.25, -0.01) in the prevalence of LGA births but was not associated with SGA prevalence.ConclusionsCasino expansion in California is associated with a lower prevalence of LGA births. Interpreted in combination with previous work showing that California casino expansions were associated with a lower body mass index (BMI) among schoolchildren, these results suggest that casinos are associated with improvement in a surrogate marker of excess adiposity. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which casinos might be associated with obesity-related health outcomes among Native Americans.

Background and aims Little research has examined the relationship between incentives used by gambling venues to attract customers and the experience of gambling‐related harm. Organized and subsidized bus tours are a common example of such incentives. The aim of this study was to examine whether bus‐tour patronage was associated with increased odds of problem gambling among older adults. This study also compared rates of bus‐tour use by socio‐demographic characteristics and gambling behaviours. Design Pearson's χ2 tests and Mann–Whitney U‐tests were applied for bivariate analyses. Multivariate generalized mixed‐effects regression modelling was used to examine the relationship between bus‐tour patronage and problem gambling while controlling for possible confounding factors. Setting Seven gambling venues located in Central and Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Participants A total of 1978 gambling venue patrons over the age of 55 years. Measurements Problem gambling as indicated by the Problem Gambling Severity Index, bus‐tour patronage in the 12 months prior to the survey, spending per gambling visit and past‐month slot machine participation. Findings Regression analyses showed that bus‐tour patronage was associated with higher odds of problem gambling [odds ratio (OR) = 1.71, confidence interval (CI) = 1.06, 2.76] after controlling for several demographic characteristics, type of gambling and gambling expenditures. Bivariate analyses showed past‐year bus‐tour patronage was associated with more frequent slot machine play (χ2 = 48.16, P

The aim of this study is to investigate the gap of event management in East and South Asia’s casinos throughout the information provided by casinos on their websites. Main objective is to identify the differences and similarities of event holding in East and South Asia’s casinos and suggest future directions for casino managers and event organizers. Four research questions were developed to provide ourselves a goal, as well as to further our understanding of our investigation. There are two steps to structure our study. First is to evaluate the performance of 138 casino’s websites, which were obtained from worldcasinodirectory. com by using a website evaluation tool that we have constructed. In the second step, we conduct a content analysis for the website so we can identify what kind of events are organized in the area on our samples. The data of the content analysis provides a comparison of events in our sampling, such as the event’s size, type, and frequency of holding an event. We believe that our research would contribute to event organizers and large scale corporations to give them an insight on the overall efficiency of websites, as well as the frequency of events around East and South Asian casinos.

128 páginas Los juegos de azar en el país siguen siendo relacionados con palabras como estafa, ilegalidad e inmoral, sin embargo, en los últimos 10 años se ha visto un incremento en el número de apostadores y establecimientos dedicados a esta actividad. Además, debido a regulaciones del gobierno, el sector de los juegos de azar genera y mueve una oportunidad económica para el país. En concordancia con lo anterior, el presente trabajo de investigación plantea el diseño de un producto turístico de casinos en una de las zonas más transitadas por turistas en Bogotá, la Zona Rosa de Bogotá. El objetivo de dicho producto consiste en atraer turistas nacionales internacionales que, motivados por el juego y su gusto por los casinos, acceden a participar en actividades que integran los casinos en la Zona Rosa de Bogotá. Gambling in the country continues to be related to words such as scam, illegality and immoral, however, in the last 10 years has seen an increase in the number of bettors and establishments dedicated to this activity. In addition, dueto government regulations, the gambling sector generales and moves an economic opportunity fer the country. In accordance with the above, the present investigation proposes the design of a tourist product of casinos in one of the zones most traveled by tourists in Bogota, the Zona Rosa of Bogota. The objective of this product is to attract international national tourists who, motivated by the game and their taste for casinos, agree to participate in activities that integrate the casinos in the Zona Rosa in Bogota. Maestría Magíster en Planificación y Gestión del Turismo

The research of this paper is about casinos in the southernmost city in the Republic of Macedonia – Gevgelija, its geographical position and their role on the development of gambling tourism. Gambling tourism as a special form of tourism, for some world famous tourist destinations is the main form of tourism. In some of them such as in Las Vegas and Monte Carlo, gambling tourism was the basic form of tourism, which further over time initiated rapid economic development of destinations and thanks exactly this kind of tourism they are today one of the most visited tourist destinations. Gevgelija with their casinos in a combination of other factors that influence the development of gambling tourism, especially geographical position, have excellent opportunities for its development, which today is in the initial phase and in the future, with the evolution of the tourist destination, Gevgelija can become known and desirable tourist destination. Today in Gevgelija a new business is born that citizens still do not know about, but day by day thoughts change, primarily because the large and rich countries had the capacity to develop this type of tourism, however we are not rich nor a large country. Today Gevgelija lives in the world of casinos.

This dissertation studies household consumption and spending, using household-level microdata in the Consumer Expenditure Survey. The first chapter studies consumption smoothing of households between monthly payments of mortgage or rent. My focus on regular payments contrasts with most of this literature that finds excess sensitivity to regular receipt of income. Using the Consumer Expenditure Survey (CEX) Diary survey from 1998 to 2011, I find that spending on non-durable goods is $3.34 or 9.0% higher per day during the two weeks following the day when a housing payment occurs, compared to the two weeks prior to that day, inconsistent with the consumption smoothing predicted by the life cycle/permanent income hypothesis. My finding is robust to the coincident timing of households' regular housing payments and their regular income arrivals, and suggests that findings in the previous literature of excess sensitivity of consumption to regular income arrivals may in part reflect excess sensitivity to the timing of making regular payments. The increase in bi-weekly average spending following a housing payment day is larger for households in which the household head has lower educational attainment, larger for households with lower income, and has a U-shaped profile in age of household head. My finding is not fully consistent with existing theories that aim to explain departures from consumption smoothing between regular payments, including liquidity constraints and uncertainty about bank account balances. In the second chapter, I provide the first nationwide study that empirically estimates the effect of casinos on the non-gambling economy. Using household spending data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey from 1996 to 2013, and a restricted access file containing the county codes of the CEX households, I find a positive effect of casinos on household spending on non-gambling goods. When casinos appear within 100 miles, households increase their quarterly non-gambling spending by up to 2.6%. The positive effect suggests that casinos can have a complementary effect on the non-gambling economy. The positive effect does not always significantly accumulate when more casinos are built in nearby areas. A comparison among income groups shows that the complementary effect of casinos on non-gambling sectors is largely driven by the spending changes of lower-income households. The complementary effect persists in the long run. The third chapter studies the relationship between lottery jackpots and household spending. Large lottery jackpots that accumulate over time until winners appear generate massive ticket sales. To investigate how household spending changes when lottery jackpots increase, I focus on Powerball and Mega Millions, two multi-state lotto games that produce the highest jackpots among all the lotteries in the U.S. I find that spending on non-gambling goods is $4.28 per day or 3.4% lower when either lottery has a jackpot above $100 million, compared to when it is below $50 million. This difference is larger for households in the lowest income tercile, at $4.81 per day or 5.7%. The changes in spending on subcategories suggest that most of the spending decrease of lower-income households during the periods when jackpots are high is driven by postponed housing payments.

[SPA] Desde su origen, los cafés fueron locales de comunicación de relaciones humanas y de intercambios culturales, artísticos y políticos. Su historia está unida a la historia de la Cultura como puntos de encuentro donde se desataba la sociabilidad y muchas veces la convivencia. El afianzamiento como espacio de congregación de escritores, artistas, burgueses y viajeros se remonta al siglo XIX. Este trabajo dará una visión de cómo eran estos espacios de recreo en Valencia capital: de su origen, desarrollo, ubicaciones en el entramado de la ciudad, decoraciones interiores, ritos de sociabilidad, funcionalidad, las guías del viajero, las bebidas que se consumían las clases sociales que acudían a ellos, su tránsito de ser espacios de uso exclusivo masculino a permitir el acceso de señoras con sus maridos, hermanos o padres, etc. En Valencia entre los más famosos estuvieron: El Siglo, La Habana, El León de Oro, y Café de España. También hablaremos del gran Casino de la Exposición Regional de 1909 como ejemplo efímero y excepcional de lo que fueron los casinos en Valencia, y las diferencias con los cafés. En definitiva, recreamos la vida cotidiana y costumbres en estos espacios de sociabilidad moderna en Valencia. [ENG] From his origin, the coffees were places of communication of human relations and of cultural, artistic and political exchanges. His history is joined to the history of the Culture as points of meeting where the sociableness was coming untied and often the conviviality. The backing like space of congregation of writers, artists, bourgeoises and travelers goes back to the 19th century. This work will give a vision of how these were spaces of playtime in cardinal Valencia: of his origin, development, locations in the studding of the city, interior decorations, rites of sociableness, functionality, the guides of the traveler, the drinks that were consuming the social classes that were coming to them, his traffic of being spaces of exclusive masculine use to allowing the ladies’ access with his husbands. In Valencia among the most famous were: El Siglo, Havana, the Golden Lion and Coffee of Spain. We will also talk about the Great Casino of the Regional Exhibition of 1909 as an example ephemeral and excepcional were the casinos in Valencia, and the differences with cafes. In Short, we recreate daily life and customs in these modern spaces of sociability in Valencia.

This study estimates the price elasticity of demand for casino gaming. A demand model is estimated with data from a panel of 50 casinos operating in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Missouri between 1991 and 2005. The model isolates the impact of changes in the casino win percentage or price on the wagering handle, controlling for the impact of other operating, economic, and regulatory determinants of the wagering handle. The model estimates suggest that the wagering handle in the short run is inelastic to price changes, and that in the long run the wagering handle is unit elastic if not somewhat inelastic.

This paper provides insights into a Canadian gaming organization and its human resources management policies and practices regarding the integration of Aboriginal peoples. The gaming organisation follows a very aggressive human resources strategy that is supported by an agreement between the provincial government and the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations, and supported by unions and the Human Rights Code of Canada. Despite its status as a gaming enterprise, Casino Regina has developed human resources tools and practices that could be adapted or applied in hospitality organisations facing similar challenges when employing Aboriginal peoples.

The local labor market effects of new casinos are examined by comparing the employment and earnings growth in areas with new casinos to the growth in areas with existing casinos and without casinos, exploiting numerous casino openings across multiple locations in Canada over several time periods. The opening of a new casino directly doubles the employment and earnings of the local gambling industry within five years, while the growth does not appear to continue beyond this period. Indirect positive spillovers are limited to the related local hospitality and entertainment industries. For every job created in the gambling industry, roughly one to two additional hospitality jobs are created. Increased gambling employment does not appear to increase employment in any other local industry.

En las últimas tres décadas las pequeñas economías del Caribe han sido transformadas de exportadoras de productos primarios, a plataformas de exportación para manufacturas livianas (maquiladoras), a plataformas de servicios internacionales. Durante la primera década del siglo veintiuno los ejes dinámicos de la economía son el turismo y los centros financieros internacionales (offshore). Ligado a estos sectores han surgido un conjunto de actividades denominadas como “industrias del pecado”. Estas son actividades económicas de legalidad ambigua, asociadas a actividades informales o subterráneas y vistas por la sociedad como improductivas. Las “industrias del pecado” surgen como un intento de “captar divisas” y valor en un sector económico con bajo valor añadido. La alta proporción de insumos importados —desde la comida hasta el combustible—, los paquetes turísticos “todo incluido” y cruceros limitan ingresos a la población en el sector turístico y de servicios internacionales. Se estudian los casos de tres de estas actividades, el turismo sexual, los juegos de azar y el “lavado de dinero,” y se examina su impacto económico y social para el desarrollo socioeconómico del Caribe. In the past three decades, the small economies of the Caribbean have been transformed from exporters of primary goods, to platforms for export manufacturing industries (maquiladoras), to international service platforms. In the first decade of the twenty first century the dynamic axes of the Caribbean economies are tourism and offshore financial centers. A cluster of economic activities dubbed “the sin industries” have emerged in conjunction with tourism and offshore finance. The sin industries are economic activities whose legality is ambiguous, associated with the informal or underground sectors and seen by society at large as unproductive. These “industries” are aimed at “capturing” foreign exchange and value in an international service economy that generates low value added. The high proportion of imported imputs —from food to fuel for energy—, all inclusive package tours and cruises limit the income “spill over” to the populations of the Caribbean. The activities studied are: sexual tourism, gambling and money laundering, examining the impact of these activities on the socioeconomic development of the Caribbean.

In mid-2010, France will open market competition to online gambling and casinos. The market is opening as European law evolves and reacts to the growing number of illegal Internet sites. The ensuing new legal scope targets quality-based competition versus price-oriented competition, especially to contain addictive behaviours, and more specifically, money laundering. Concomitantly, the game market is creating new value chains, including media and telecommunications groups. In the short term, the historic players (Française des Jeux and PMU) are key players in the new landscape, with the long-term horizon pointing to major changes.

Les nations amérindiennes occupent une place singulière dans le système fédéral américain. Pourrait-on y voir un modèle pour d'autres nations incluses dans un ensemble et qui y sont minoritaires tout en conservant un certain degré d'autonomie? Cet article traite de l'évolution de la souveraineté tribale, depuis sa défaite lors de la colonisation par les Européens, jusqu'à la résistance des tribus pour la conserver et les débuts d'une reconnaissance qui tend à se généraliser à la fin du xxe siècle et au début du xxie. Il traite surtout de l'activité économique autonome des nations indiennes aujourd'hui, et de la forme de souveraineté que cette économie leur confère dans une politique fédérale contemporaine American Native nations occupy a special niche in the political federal system. Could they be a model for nations elsewhere, also included in a larger system where they can figure as minorities although keeping some degree of autonomy? This article deals with the evolution of tribal sovereignty, from the time of colonization by Euro-Americans when their sovereignty was denied to their reconquest of some sovereignty in the late xxth and early xxist. century It especially deals with tribal economic activity as it leads to some political sovereignty inside the present federal political system

Delo obsega opis implementacije sistema računalniškega vida za problem, ki bi ga lahko šteli med industrijske probleme računalniškega vida, to je problem detekcije številke, na katero je padla kroglica pri igralniški ruleti. Opisani so algoritmi, ki so bili razviti za implementacijo tega specialnega sistema. Podani so tudi rezultati testiranja opisanega sistema nad bazo 42-ih posnetkov, ki pokažejo šibke točke sistema. Predlagane so tudi smernice za nadaljnji razvoj opisanega sistema.

The introduction of competition in the casino marketplace in Macau may improve consumer welfare in the gaming sector, according to the rationale of traditional theories that justify the supremacy of free competition over monopoly in terms of promoting consumer welfare. However, the sensitive nature of casino gambling, regarding the status of consumer irrational choice, could perhaps justify a more protective legal environment from a viewpoint of consumer protection. This is particularly sensitive concerning the liberalisation of casino credit operations, for which no interest rate limit seems to be provided. Another dimension of casino consumer protection concerns the fairness of the game, so that the consumer is granted a reasonable chance to place a winning bet. On-line gaming also places a serious demand for consumer protection.

This inquiry report was released on 23 June 2010. Gambling was substantially liberalised in most Australian states and territories in the 1990s. Subsequent years saw not only a surge in gambling expenditure and industry growth, but also adverse impacts on many Australians and their families. The consequent backlash within the community led to the first independent national public inquiry by the Productivity Commission in 1999. Since then, there have been significant changes in the gambling industry and its regulatory environment, with a greater policy focus on community awareness and harm prevention and minimisation. Notwithstanding this, community and political concerns remain evident. There have also been developments within parts of the industry, which have a more national character than before. The Council of Australian Governments accordingly asked the Commission to conduct a follow-up review, with a focus on problem gambling and the scope to consider other aspects of the industry. Consistent with this, the Commission has not sought to replicate the coverage and depth of its earlier research, but rather to concentrate on providing evidence-based advice to governments about policies that would improve outcomes for gamblers and the community as a whole. A key challenge is to identify policies most likely to be effective in reducing the harms associated with gambling, while preserving most of the benefits. This is a complex task for public policy. The coverage and design of regulation require particular care to ensure that the benefits exceed the costs, and that account is taken of what is often imperfect evidence.