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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089231166657 for Surface topography of cylindrical precision grinding based on multi-source information fusion by Lai Hu, Hua Zhang, Jun Zha and Yaolong Chen in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089231166657 for Surface topography of cylindrical precision grinding based on multi-source information fusion by Lai Hu, Hua Zhang, Jun Zha and Yaolong Chen in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering

Additional file 1: Table S1 Variable descriptions for the real dataset. Table S2 Summary of the real dataset. Table S3 Estimation of the true effect in the simulated datasets using three different methods under the MAR mechanism. Table S4 Estimation of the true effect in the simulated datasets using three different methods under the MNAR mechanism. Table S5 Estimation of the true effect in the real datasets using three different methods under the MAR mechanism. Table S6 Estimation of the true effect in the real datasets using three different methods under the MNAR mechanism. Table S7 Regression coefficients for real-world data without missing values. Table S8 Spearman's correlation coefficient for each input variable in real-world data.

Most of the research on smoking and human health has focused on the harmful effect of smoking on health. However, some epidemiological studies have shown that smoking has a protective effect on the occurrence of some diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of some researchers, and many systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been carried out. However, high quality systematic reviews can provide decision basis for clinical decision makers, while low quality systematic reviews may mislead decision makers. At present, there is no research to analyses the results and quality of systematic reviews on the protective effect of smoking, as well as the protective effect of smoking on which diseases, which is still unclear.

Through synthesizing and analyzing the available definitions of evidence, this ScR aims to systematically find most related definition of evidence, to explore the connotation and extension of different definitions of evidence, to provide a theoretical basis for better clarifying the definition for policy makers, decision makers, and stakeholders.

Most of the researches on smoking and human health has focused on the harmful effect of smoking on health. However, some epidemiological studies have shown that smoking has a protective effect on the occurrence of some diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of some researchers, and many systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been carried out. However, high quality systematic reviews can provide decision basis for clinical decision makers, while low quality systematic reviews may mislead decision makers. At present, there is no research to analyses the results and quality of systematic reviews on the protective effect of smoking, as well as the protective effect of smoking on which diseases, which is still unclear.

High-performance additives manufactured by Al alloys provide significant potential for lightweight applications and have attracted much attention nowadays. However, there is no research on Sc, Er and Zr microalloyed Al alloys, especially concerning corrosion behavior. Herein, crack-free and dense Al-Mg-Mn-Sc-Er-Zr alloys were processed by selective laser melting (SLM). After optimizing the process parameters of SLM, the anisotropic corrosion behavior of the sample (volume energy density of 127.95 J·mm−3) was investigated by intergranular corrosion (IGC) and electrochemical measurements. The results showed that the XY plane of the as-built sample is less prone to IGC, and it also has a higher open circuit potential value of −901.54 mV, a higher polarization resistance of 2.999 × 104 Ω·cm2, a lower corrosion current of 2.512 μA·cm−2 as well as passive film with superior corrosion resistance compared to the XZ plane. According to our findings, the XY plane has superior corrosion resistance compared to the XZ plane because it has fewer primary phases of Al3(Sc, Er, Zr) and Al2MgO4, which can induce localized corrosion. Additionally, a higher fraction of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and a stronger (001) texture index along the building direction are also associated with better corrosion resistance of the XY plane.

Additional file 3.

Additional file 1. Selection of clinical questions.

Additional file 4. Delphi results.

Additional file 3. Supplementary data for focused clinical questions.

Additional file 2. Search strategies in each database.

Additional file 3. Data extraction form.

Additional file 2.

Additional file 1.

Additional file 1: Appendix S1. The professional field of the steering committee and the expert consensus group. Appendix S2. Details of panel members��� declarations of interests. Appendix S3. Grading the certainty of evidence and the strength of recommendations. Appendix S4. Details of patients preference and values. Appendix S5. Details of expert consensus. Appendix S6. Summary of findings table.

Additional file 2. Databases and search strategies.

Additional file 1. PRISMA-P 2015 checklist.

OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread worldwide, but there is so far no comprehensive analysis of all known symptoms of the disease. Our study aimed to present a comprehensive picture of the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 using an evidence map. METHODS We systematically searched MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library from their inception to March 16, 2021. We included systematic reviews reporting the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 patients. We followed the PRISMA guidelines, and the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were done by two individuals independently. We assessed the methodological quality of the studies using AMSTAR. We visually presented the clinical symptoms of COVID-19 and their prevalence. RESULTS A total of 102 systematic reviews were included, of which, 68 studies (66.7%) were of high quality, 19 studies (18.6%) of medium quality, and 15 studies (14.7%) of low quality. We identified a total of 74 symptoms including 17 symptoms of the respiratory system, 21 symptoms of the neurological system, 10 symptoms of the gastrointestinal system, 16 cutaneous symptoms, and 10 ocular symptoms. The most common symptoms were fever (67 studies, ranging 16.3%-91.0%, pooled prevalence: 64.6%, 95%CI, 61.3%-67.9%), cough (68 studies, ranging 30.0%-72.2%, pooled prevalence: 53.6%, 95%CI, 52.1%-55.1%), muscle soreness (56 studies, ranging 3.0%-44.0%, pooled prevalence: 18.7%, 95%CI, 16.3%-21.3%), and fatigue (52 studies, ranging 3.3%-58.5%, pooled prevalence: 29.4%, 95%CI, 27.5%-31.3%). The prevalence estimates for COVID-19 symptoms were generally lower in neonates, children and adolescents, and pregnant women than in the general populations. CONCLUSION At least 74 different clinical manifestations are associated with COVID-19. Fever, cough, muscle soreness, and fatigue are the most common, but attention should also be paid to the rare symptoms that can help in the early diagnosis of the disease.

To improve the motion accuracy of five-axis machine tools, it is important to develop a simple methodology to calibrate all geometric errors. This paper proposes a one-step measurement method to calibrate the five-axis machine tool using a laser tracer. First, a simplified geometric error definition of the five-axis machine tool is presented, which is sufficient and necessary to determine the tool error relative to the workpiece. Subsequently, a one-step measurement method using a laser tracer is proposed, and joint movements of five motion axes are adopted to simultaneously identify all geometric errors. Besides, a measurement path generating method is presented to save the trouble of manually planning the complex measurement path. Compared with the traditional two-step measurement method, the proposed method only needs four laser tracer positions and two reflector offsets, simplifying the measurement procedure and enhancing the measurement accuracy of geometric errors of rotary axes.

BACKGROUND: Conflicts of interest (COI) and funding may influence the development of practice guidelines, but there are no internationally endorsed guidelines specifically focusing on the reporting on issues related to COI and funding in practice guidelines. Our aim is to develop an extension of the essential Reporting Items of Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) for COIs and Funding in practice guidelines (i.e., RIGHT-COI&F). METHODS: We will follow the Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research (EQUATOR) network’s toolkit for developing a reporting guideline in six stages: (I) identifying the need for the extension; (II) registering the project and setting up working groups; (III) collecting the initial items; (IV) reaching consensus on the items to be included; (V) revision and formulation of the final checklist; and (VI) dissemination and implementation. We intend to form a multidisciplinary international team of experts to collect and evaluate the items and plan to complete the full reporting guideline in about 2 years. DISCUSSION: The RIGHT-COI&F statement will help guideline developers improve their reporting of issues related to COIs and funding, and subsequently improve the reporting quality of their guidelines. Journals editors, guideline users and evaluators will benefit from a more complete and transparent reporting of COI. TRIAL REGISTRATION: We have registered the protocol on the EQUATOR network (https://www.equator-network.org/library/reporting-guidelines-under-development/reporting-guidelines-under-development-for-other-study-designs/#RIGHT-COI).

With the increased incidence of diabetes, the number of diabetic patients who require surgical treatment is also increasing. Unfortunately, practices in this area lack standardisation. The purpose of this multidisciplinary, evidence-based guidelines for perioperative blood glucose management is to provide a comprehensive set of recommendations for clinicians treating diabetes with different types of surgery. The intended audience comprises Chinese endocrinologists, surgeons, anaesthetists, clinical pharmacists, nurses and professionals involved in perioperative blood glucose management. The guidelines were formulated as follows. First, a multidisciplinary expert group was established to identify and formulate key research questions on topics of priority according to the Population, Intervention, Comparator and Outcomes (PICO) process. We conducted a meta-analysis of available studies using Review Manager version 5.3, as appropriate. We pooled crude estimates as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects model, and used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methods to assess the quality of the retrieved evidence. Finally, 32 recommendations were gathered that covered 11 fields-management and coordination, endocrinologists' consultation, diabetes diagnosis, surgery timing and anaesthesia method, blood glucose target values and monitoring frequency, hypoglycaemia treatment, oral administration of blood glucose lowering drugs, use of insulin, enteral and parenteral nutritional, postoperative treatment and medication and education and training. Twenty-five systematic reviews and meta-analyses were conducted for these guidelines to address the PICO questions. These guidelines are intended to improve perioperative blood glucose management and help doctors in specifying medical diagnosis and treatment, and will be implemented / disseminated extensively in China.

Introduction: Cancer prevention and screening guidelines are ideally suited to the task of providing high-quality and effective screening in clinical practice. We systematically reviewed cancer screening guidelines for recommended cancer prevention and screening interventions, in order to provide recommendations for development and implementation of high-quality guidelines. Methods: We included cancer screening and prevention recommendations mainly on lung, breast, gastric, liver, colorectal, and prostate from Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wanfang Data, SinoMed, and then searched in other organizations’ website and database such as the United States Preventive Services Task Force, the American Cancer Society, the American College of Physicians, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, European Society for Medical Oncology, and the National Guidelines Clearinghouse until June 30, 2018. An abstraction form to code information according to AGREE II was made and four researchers completed separately. The primary outcome was each recommendation’s quality; the second outcome was benefit-harm “comparability” rating, based on how benefits and harms were presented. Results: There are no high-quality guides in the 19 guides because each domain 3 didn’t reach 60 points, and only 2 guides scored above 50 points. 10 recommendations 9 guidelines were included, year from 2010 to 2018. The majority of guidelines (67%) were supported by a systematic review and that most guidelines had explicit criteria for rating the quality and strength of evidence (64% and 73%, respectively). 7 guidelines clearly mentioned benefits and harms, and 2 only mentioned relevant content. Four of the 55 recommendation statements we reviewed presented the benefits of the intervention in terms of a relative risk reduction (larger number) while presenting the harms in terms of an absolute risk reduction (smaller number). Conclusions：Our findings led us to consider potential contributors to the lack of clarity in guidelines. We recommend the use of “summary of findings” tables, an approach proposed in a series of papers from the GRADE guidelines group, as the best method of summarizing and presenting outcome information.

The systematic review has increasingly become a popular tool for researching health policy. However, due to the complexity and diversity in the health policy research, it has also encountered more challenges. We set out the Cochrane reviews on health policy research as a representative to provide the first examination of epidemiological and descriptive characteristics as well as the compliance of methodological quality with the AMSTAR. 99 reviews were included by inclusion criteria, 73% of which were Implementation Strategies, 15% were Financial Arrangements and 12% were Governance Arrangements; involved Public Health (34%), Theoretical Exploration (18%), Hospital Management (17%), Medical Insurance (12%), Pharmaceutical Policy (9%), Community Health (7%) and Rural Health (2%). Only 39% conducted meta-analysis, and 49% reported being updates, and none was rated low methodological quality. Our research reveals that the quantity and quality of the evidence should be improved, especially Financial Arrangements and Governance Arrangements involved Rural Health, Health Care Reform and Health Equity, etc. And the reliability of AMSTAR needs to be tested in larger range in this field.

Testing Treatments is a book written to help everyone understand why testing treatments is so important, why treatment tests have to be fair, and how everyone can help to promote better research for better health care. The book proved to be very popular and its second edition has already been translated into a dozen languages, with more translations in the pipeline. The texts of the original English and all the translations are feely downloadable from Testing Treatments interactive at www.testingtreatments.org. The editors of all the different language websites have established an TTi Editorial Alliance, to share experiences and provide each other with mutual support. The TTi Editorial Alliance seeks to promote a world in which health professionals, patients and the public use reliable research to inform their health decisions. Its missions are (i) To promote a global network, involving members of the public in partnership with professionals, to communicate and discuss basic principles and general knowledge about testing treatments; (ii) to help the public increase critical thinking and skills in accessing, apprehending, appraising and using research evidence; and (iii) to help patients and the public to participate more actively in health research.