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1. Generative adversarial network based cerebrovascular segmentation for time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography image

Author

Xie Lei, Chen Yukai, Zan Chen, Qingrun Zeng, Qichuan Zhuge, Caiyun Wen, Yuanjing Feng, and Jiakai Shen

Subjects
medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Computer science, Cognitive Neuroscience, Pattern recognition, Expression (mathematics), Magnetic resonance angiography, Accurate segmentation, Computer Science Applications, Image (mathematics), Artificial Intelligence, Feature (computer vision), cardiovascular system, medicine, Spatial consistency, Segmentation, Artificial intelligence, business, Generative adversarial network
Abstract

The accurate segmentation of cerebral vessels from time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) data is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. However, cerebrovascular segmentation remains challenging due to the tiny and complex structure of the vessels. This paper proposed a GAN-based deep-based method that maps the TOF-MRA data to 3D cerebral vessels. To improve the capability of feature expression, the proposed network integrates squeeze-and-excite blocks into a Vnet structure to extract and accumulate features at different scales. In addition, we introduce adversarial loss for network training, which can help the model to learn the distribution of the cerebral vessels. Besides, we introduce island number and minimum diameter to evaluate the spatial consistency and recognized minimal vessel of the cerebrovascular segmentation results. The proposed method is validated on 102 TOF-MRA cases with manually annotated labels. The experimental results indicate that our method can identify more tiny cerebral vessels meanwhile maintaining the spatial consistency of the cerebral vessel structure. Besides, our GAN-based cerebrovascular segmentation method reaches an average dice similar coefficient of 89.89 % , outperforming other state-of-the-art segmentation methods.

Published
2022
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2. Energy-efficient Wearable-to-Mobile Offload of ML Inference for PPG-based Heart-Rate Estimation

Author

Burrello, Alessio, Risso, Matteo, Noemi, Tomasello, Chen, Yukai, Benini, Luca, Macii, Enrico, Poncino, Massimo, and JAHIER PAGLIARI, Daniele

Subjects
Signal Processing (eess.SP), FOS: Computer and information sciences, TinyML, Computer Science - Machine Learning, HR, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, PPG, MCUs, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Abstract

Modern smartwatches often include photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensors to measure heartbeats or blood pressure through complex algorithms that fuse PPG data with other signals. In this work, we propose a collaborative inference approach that uses both a smartwatch and a connected smartphone to maximize the performance of heart rate (HR) tracking while also maximizing the smartwatch's battery life. In particular, we first analyze the trade-offs between running on-device HR tracking or offloading the work to the mobile. Then, thanks to an additional step to evaluate the difficulty of the upcoming HR prediction, we demonstrate that we can smartly manage the workload between smartwatch and smartphone, maintaining a low mean absolute error (MAE) while reducing energy consumption. We benchmark our approach on a custom smartwatch prototype, including the STM32WB55 MCU and Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) communication, and a Raspberry Pi3 as a proxy for the smartphone. With our Collaborative Heart Rate Inference System (CHRIS), we obtain a set of Pareto-optimal configurations demonstrating the same MAE as State-of-Art (SoA) algorithms while consuming less energy. For instance, we can achieve approximately the same MAE of TimePPG-Small (5.54 BPM MAE vs. 5.60 BPM MAE) while reducing the energy by 2.03x, with a configuration that offloads 80\% of the predictions to the phone. Furthermore, accepting a performance degradation to 7.16 BPM of MAE, we can achieve an energy consumption of 179 uJ per prediction, 3.03x less than running TimePPG-Small on the smartwatch, and 1.82x less than streaming all the input data to the phone., Comment: Published at 2023 Design, Automation \& Test in Europe Conference \& Exhibition (DATE)

Published
2023
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4. One-step electrodeposition fabrication of iron cobalt sulfide nanosheet arrays on Ni foam for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

Author

Hu Xiaomin, Sheng Han, Wang Lulu, Chen Yukai, Jibo Jiang, Sun Yaoxin, Liu Shunchang, and Hualin Lin

Subjects
Supercapacitor, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Electrochemistry, Capacitance, Cobalt sulfide, Cathode, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Chemical engineering, law, Electrode, General Materials Science, Cobalt, Nanosheet
Abstract

Herein, a non-polluting and simple electrodeposition strategy is presented by us for fabricating ternary iron cobalt transition metal sulfide (FeCoS) on Ni foam with nanosheet arrays, which are used as cathode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors. The FeCoS-15 nanosheet arrays reveal an admirable specific capacitance of 3741.03 F g−1 when the current density is 1 A g−1 and also exhibit a fantastic cycling performance with 92.84% capacitance retention at 20 A g−1 up to 10,000 cycles. Furthermore, the asymmetric supercapacitors using the FeCoS-15 nanosheet arrays as the positive electrode and the activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrodes demonstrate remarkable electrochemical performance. Our device exhibits an energy density of 54.08 Wh kg−1 with the power density of 800 W kg−1, achieving an impressive cycling retention of 85.64% over 10,000 cycles. The excellent results show that FeCoS nanosheet array materials have a roomy application prospect for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors.

Published
2020
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5. Ultrasonic-assisted Ni–Mo–P doping hydrothermal synthesis of clustered spherical MoS2 composite coating: wear and corrosion resistance

Author

Sun Yaoxin, Hu Xiaomin, Chen Yukai, Sheng Han, Qiongyu Zhou, Jibo Jiang, Liying Zhu, Haibo Rong, and Haotian Chen

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, Doping, Composite number, 02 engineering and technology, Surfaces and Interfaces, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Corrosion, Composite coating, 0103 physical sciences, Materials Chemistry, Ultrasonic assisted, Particle, Hydrothermal synthesis, Ultrasonic sensor, Composite material, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

In this study, MoS2 particle and ultrasonic field (UF) were successfully employed to produce Ni–Mo–P, Ni–Mo–P/MoS2 and UF–Ni–Mo–P/MoS2 electroless composite coatings on Q235 mild steel. The surface...

Published
2020
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6. Highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction of Co3O4 supports on N-doped carbon nanotubes in an alkaline solution

Author

Cong Haishan, Chen Yukai, Hu Xiaomin, Wang Lulu, Sheng Han, Jibo Jiang, Sun Yaoxin, Tang Jiabin, and Hualin Lin

Subjects
Tafel equation, Materials science, Abundance (chemistry), General Chemical Engineering, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Carbon nanotube, Raw material, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electrochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Energy storage, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, Catalysis, Chemical engineering, law, General Materials Science, Calcination, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Platinum group compounds are currently the best performance hydrogen evolution catalysts, but their high price and low abundance limit their large-scale applications. Therefore, noble-metal-free catalysts have become a focus in the research of hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). In this work, we developed a noble-metal-free HER catalyst consisting of Co3O4 supported on N-doped carbon nanotubes (Co3O4-NCTs). The Co3O4-NCT catalyst synthesized by stirring, heating, and high-temperature calcination was studied, showing a very low Tafel plot (32.3 mV dec−1) in an alkaline solution and good stability for hydrogen evolution reactions. In addition, the material synthesis method is simple, the experimental raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and it is expected to be suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Published
2020
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7. Rational design of flower-like cobalt–manganese-sulfide nanosheets for high performance supercapacitor electrode materials

Author

Chen Yukai, Cong Haishan, Hualin Lin, Jibo Jiang, Hu Xiaomin, Sheng Han, Tang Jiabin, Sun Yaoxin, and Liu Shunchang

Subjects
Supercapacitor, Rational design, chemistry.chemical_element, General Chemistry, Electrochemistry, Capacitance, Catalysis, Nanomaterials, Electron transfer, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Materials Chemistry, Cobalt, Power density
Abstract

The design and development of composite materials with novel structures is one of the effective ways to enhance the electrochemical properties of supercapacitors. In this paper, a one-step electrodeposition method is used to adjust the morphology and structure of CoMnS nanomaterials by changing the amount of CS2. CoMnS nanomaterials with unique flower-like structures are reasonably prepared, which promotes the flow of electron transfer and improves the electrochemical behavior. It is worth noting that when the amount of CS2 is 4 mmol, the specific capacitance of CoMnS-4 reaches 3469.5 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, and the specific capacitance is still 2830.5 F g−1 (maintaining 81.56%) until the high current density reaches 20 A g−1. After 10 000 cycles, it shows excellent cycle stability (maintaining 95.78% at 20 A g−1). The CoMnS-4//AC asymmetric supercapacitor device has an excellent energy density of 85.91 W h kg−1 when the power density is 800 W kg−1, which shows it's great application value.

Published
2020
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8. One-step synthesis of nickel cobalt sulfide nanostructure for high-performance supercapacitor

Author

Liying Zhu, Sun Yaoxin, Chen Yukai, Hu Xiaomin, Sheng Han, Haotian Chen, and Jibo Jiang

Subjects
Supercapacitor, Materials science, Nanostructure, Mechanical Engineering, Capacitance, Cobalt sulfide, Energy storage, Anode, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science, Current density, Power density
Abstract

Bimetallic sulfides are widely used in supercapacitor electrode materials. However, the sample preparation is usually complicated, and the followed performance is not very desirable generally. In this work, we report a one-step solvothermal method to synthesize Ni–Co–SX nanostructure which stacked into a pine cone structure. Noticeably, the optimized Ni–Co–S4 exhibited a high specific capacitance of 2215 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 and the capacitor retention rate is close to 90.16% after 10,000 cycles, which indicates that the cycle performance is superior. Moreover, Ni–Co–S4 can be used as the anode material coupled with cathodic activated carbon to assemble a high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor, revealing a high energy density of 36.6 Wh kg−1, a highest power density of 8.5 kW kg−1 with a capacitance retention of 85.06% after 10,000 cycles and an ability of lighting an LED for up to 15 min. The findings have implications to the design and control of the electrode materials for energy storage with high performance.

Published
2019
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9. ANTICORROSION AND REPAIR BEHAVIOR OF REC–SiO2 SILANE FILM ON CARBON STEEL

Author

Cong Haishan, Yihe Yao, Manli Guo, Tang Jiabin, Jibo Jiang, Sheng Han, Chen Yukai, Kong Yue, and Sun Yaoxin

Subjects
Materials science, Carbon steel, Composite number, chemistry.chemical_element, Surfaces and Interfaces, engineering.material, Condensed Matter Physics, Silane, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Corrosion, Silica nanoparticles, Preparation method, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cerium, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Sio2 nanoparticles, Materials Chemistry, engineering
Abstract

The synergistic effect of Ce[Formula: see text] and SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) composite silane film on the corrosion resistance of carbon steel was researched. The preparation method of silane film is mainly hydrolysis of bis-1,2-(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTSE) and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-560) under acidic conditions and condensation reaction. EDX and SEM were employed to analyze the element distribution and morphological characteristics of the coating, which confirmed the coatings were crack-free and even distribution of surface elements. The chemical bond structure characteristics of the silane film on carbon steel were analyzed by XPS, and compared with the silane film after ultrasound. It proved the bonding force of the silane film. The best corrosion current density of the silane film containing cerium is 4.65 [Formula: see text]Acm[Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text] obtained by simulating the corrosion circuit through Zsimpwin software is 22.02[Formula: see text]k[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. On this basis, by adding different concentrations of SiO2 NPs, the corrosion current density can reach a minimum of 0.70 [Formula: see text]Acm[Formula: see text]. The simulated polarization curve [Formula: see text] was 65.13[Formula: see text]k[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. In the long-term open-circuit potential test, the potential of the silane film containing rare earth cerium increased to 38[Formula: see text]mV at a certain stage, which proves the self-healing performance of the film.

Published
2021
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10. CoS2 quantum dots modified by ZIF-67 and anchored on reduced graphene oxide as an efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction

Author

Jibo Jiang, Mingjing Li, Sheng Han, Cong Haishan, Wenxiu Xu, Tang Jiabin, Xing Huang, Chen Yukai, Ran Sun, Hualin Lin, and Yunyun Wang

Subjects
Hydrogen purity, Tafel equation, Materials science, Graphene, General Chemical Engineering, General Chemistry, Electrocatalyst, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Catalysis, law.invention, Gibbs free energy, symbols.namesake, Chemical engineering, law, Quantum dot, Hydrogen fuel, symbols, Environmental Chemistry
Abstract

Hydrogen energy has become one of the most potential sources for replacing fossil fuels due to its environmental friendliness and high energy conversion rate. Electrolyzed water is a hydrogen evolution process with high efficiency, no by-products, and high hydrogen purity. Here, we propose to use ZIF-67 as the precursor to prepare three-dimensional multilayer rGO supported CoS2 quantum dots (CoS2QDs@rGO) through a two-step hydrothermal method and one-step calcinations method. The as-prepared electrocatalyst with maximum exposure of edge active sites is highly efficient for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), delivering an extremely small Tafel slope of 78 mV dec-1, and prominent durability. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that decoration of CoS2QDs not only obviously changes Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption (ΔGH*), but also offers more active sites for HER, conspicuous promoting the catalytic activity of as-obtained electrode materials. It can be expected that our CoS2 quantum dots mounted on three-dimensional multilayer rGO with ZIF-67 as the precursor, will provide a novel, high-yield and effective catalytic material for energy conversion applications.

Published
2022
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11. Mechanism of Film Cooling with One Inlet and Double Outlet Hole Injection at Various Turbulence Intensities

Author

Kou Zhihai, Guangchao Li, Wei Zhang, Chen Yukai, and Zhang Guochen

Subjects
Gas turbines, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Materials science, Computer simulation, Turbulence, 020209 energy, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Aerodynamics, Mechanics, Inlet, Mechanism (engineering), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
Abstract

The trunk-branch hole was designed as a novel film cooling concept, which aims for improving film cooling performance by producing anti-vortex. The trunk-branch hole is easily manufactured in comparison with the expanded hole since it consists of two cylindrical holes. The effect of turbulence on the film cooling effectiveness with a trunk-branch hole injection was investigated at the blowing ratios of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 by numerical simulation. The turbulence intensities from 0.4 % to 20 % were considered. The realizable k − ε $k - \varepsilon $ turbulence model and the enhanced wall function were used. The more effective anti-vortex occurs at the low blowing ratio of 0.5 %. The high turbulence intensity causes the effectiveness evenly distributed in the spanwise direction. The increase of turbulence intensity leads to a slight decrease of the spanwise averaged effectiveness at the low blowing ratio of 0.5, but a significant increase at the high blowing ratios of 1.5 and 2.0. The optimal blowing ratio of the averaged surface effectiveness is improved from 1.0 to 1.5 when the turbulence intensity increases from 0.4 % to 20 %.

Published
2018
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12. 基于并联强度调制的量子噪声随机加密实现方案研究

Author

Zheng Jilin, Pu Tao, Tan Yeteng, Li Yunkun, and Chen Yukai

Subjects
Scheme (programming language), Computer science, Quantum noise, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Realization (systems), computer, Intensity modulation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, computer.programming_language
Published
2021
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13. Designed synthesis of 2D multilayer CuCo2S4 nanomaterials for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

Author

Sun Yaoxin, Qiongyu Zhou, Haibo Rong, Cong Haishan, Chen Yukai, Jibo Jiang, Hu Xiaomin, and Sheng Han

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Supercapacitor, Materials science, business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Microstructure, 01 natural sciences, Capacitance, Energy storage, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Nanomaterials, 0103 physical sciences, Honeycomb, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Material properties, Instrumentation, Power density
Abstract

The development of asymmetric supercapacitors with good cycle stability and high energy density is becoming increasingly a research focus of energy storage systems. Herein, this work has reported a novel method to prepare CuCo2S4/Co-MOF (metal-organic framework) electrode materials. The electrochemical properties of materials are studied by changing the electrodeposition temperature. CuCo2S4-45, CuCo2S4/Co-MOF obtained at an electrodeposition temperature of 45 °C, has a microstructure of a multi-layer sheet-like two-dimensional ultra-thin honeycomb, which can shorten the diffusion path between ions/electrons. In addition, the specific capacitance of CuCo2S4-45 can reach 2879 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 as well as the capacity retention rate is 80.3% (2312 F g−1 at 20 A g−1). Asymmetric supercapacitor CuCo2S4-45//AC using activated carbon (AC) has excellent cycle stability (maintains 82.02% after 10,000 cycles), the energy density of 63.6 W h kg−1 at power density of 700 W kg−1. The results show that the material has great practical value.

Published
2020
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14. Design and fabrication of metal-organic frameworks nanosheet arrays constructed by interconnected nanohoneycomb-like nickel-cobalt oxide for high energy density asymmetric supercapacitors

Author

Sheng Han, Jibo Jiang, Qiongyu Zhou, Sun Yaoxin, Chen Yukai, Liying Zhu, Hu Xiaomin, Haibo Rong, and Haotian Chen

Subjects
Supercapacitor, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electrochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Capacitance, 0104 chemical sciences, Nanomaterials, Nickel, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Electrode, 0210 nano-technology, Cobalt oxide, Nanosheet
Abstract

The development of electrode materials with excellent performance and unique structure is the key to improve the energy storage of asymmetric supercapacitors. This work reports the deposition of cobalt-organic frameworks (Co-MOF) material on the surface of the nickel foam (NF) by solution method, and uses it as precursor (Co-MOF/NF). Ni-Co@Co-MOF/NF nanomaterials were prepared by electrodeposition on Co-MOF/NF electrodeposited nickel-cobalt materials without adhesives and conductive additives. The Ni-Co@Co-MOF/NF material covered the precursor uniformly, forming a three-dimensional cross-porous structure such as a nano-honeycomb. It is noteworthy that the specific capacitance of the Ni-Co@Co-MOF/NF electrode at 1 A/g is 2697 F/g, and the rate performance at 20 A/g is 79.7%. The assembled Ni-Co@Co-MOF/NF//AC has good electrochemical cycle stability, with of a retention rate of 80.2% after 10,000 cycles. When the power density is 853 W/kg and the energy density is 61.4 Wh/kg, Ni-Co@Co-MOF/NF//AC is realized.

Published
2020
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15. Measurements of differential and angle-integrated cross sections for the $^{10}$B($n, ��$)$^{7}$Li reaction in the neutron energy range from 1.0 eV to 2.5 MeV

Author

Jiang, Haoyu, Jiang, Wei, Bai, Huaiyong, Cui, Zengqi, Zhang, Guohui, Fan, Ruirui, Yi, Han, Ning, Changjun, Zhou, Liang, Tang, Jingyu, An, Qi, Bao, Jie, Bao, Yu, Cao, Ping, Chen, Haolei, Chen, Qiping, Chen, Yonghao, Chen, Yukai, Chen, Zhen, Feng, Changqing, Gao, Keqing, Gu, Minhao, Han, Changcai, Han, Zijie, He, Guozhu, He, Yongcheng, Hong, Yang, Huang, Hanxiong, Huang, Weiling, Huang, Xiru, Ji, Xiaolu, Ji, Xuyang, Jiang, Zhijie, Jing, Hantao, Kang, Ling, Kang, Mingtao, Li, Bo, Li, Chao, Li, Jiawen, Li, Lun, Li, Qiang, Li, Xiao, Li, Yang, Liu, Rong, Liu, Shubin, Liu, Xingyan, Luan, Guangyuan, Mu, Qili, Qi, Binbin, Ren, Jie, Ren, Zhizhou, Ruan, Xichao, Song, Zhaohui, Song, Yingpeng, Sun, Hong, Sun, Kang, Sun, Xiaoyang, Sun, Zhijia, Tan, Zhixin, Tang, Hongqing, Tang, Xinyi, Tian, Binbin, Wang, Lijiao, Wang, Pengcheng, Wang, Qi, Wang, Taofeng, Wang, Zhaohui, Wen, Jie, Wen, Zhongwei, Wu, Qingbiao, Wu, Xiaoguang, Wu, Xuan, Xie, Likun, Yang, Yiwei, Yu, Li, Yu, Tao, Yu, Yongji, Zhang, Linhao, Zhang, Qiwei, Zhang, Xianpeng, Zhang, Yuliang, Zhang, Zhiyong, Zhao, Yubin, Zhou, Luping, Zhou, Zuying, Zhu, Danyang, Zhu, Kejun, and Zhu, Peng

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
Abstract

Differential and angle-integrated cross sections for the $^{10}$B($n, ��$)$^{7}$Li, $^{10}$B($n, ��$$_{0}$)$^{7}$Li and $^{10}$B($n, ��$$_{1}$)$^{7}$Li$^{*}$ reactions have been measured at CSNS Back-n white neutron source. Two enriched (90%) $^{10}$B samples 5.0 cm in diameter and ~85.0 $��$g/cm$^{2}$ in thickness each with an aluminum backing were prepared, and back-to-back mounted at the sample holder. The charged particles were detected using the silicon-detector array of the Light-charged Particle Detector Array (LPDA) system. The neutron energy E$_{n}$ was determined by TOF (time-of-flight) method, and the valid $��$ events were extracted from the E$_{n}$-Amplitude two-dimensional spectrum. With 15 silicon detectors, the differential cross sections of $��$-particles were measured from 19.2�� to 160.8��. Fitted with the Legendre polynomial series, the ($n, ��$) cross sections were obtained through integration. The absolute cross sections were normalized using the standard cross sections of the $^{10}$B($n, ��$)$^{7}$Li reaction in the 0.3 - 0.5 MeV neutron energy region. The measurement neutron energy range for the $^{10}$B($n, ��$)$^{7}$Li reaction is 1.0 eV $\le$ En < 2.5 MeV (67 energy points), and for the $^{10}$B($n, ��$$_{0}$)$^{7}$Li and $^{10}$B($n, ��$$_{1}$)$^{7}$Li$^{*}$ reactions is 1.0 eV $\le$ En < 1.0 MeV (59 energy points). The present results have been analyzed by the resonance reaction mechanism and the level structure of the $^{11}$B compound system, and compared with existing measurements and evaluations., 19 pages, 34 figures, to be published in Chinese Physics C

Published
2019
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16. Status of vascular plant species on Hainan Island

Author

Li Donghai, Yang Xiaobo, Chen Yukai, and Long Wenxing

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Vascular plant, Flora, Ecology, Endangered species, Tropics, Introduced species, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Tropical islands, China, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 010606 plant biology & botany, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract

Maintaining plant diversity on tropical islands is a priority for biodiversity conservation. Hainan Island, located in the northern tropics, is the second largest island in China with high plant diversity. Several updated plant lists of local flora have been published after decades of field investigations. In this paper, we investigated the plant diversity on Hainan Island by conducting extensive field surveys and a literature re- view. Results indicated that, as of December 2015, there were 6,036 vascular plants recorded on Hainan Is- land with voucher specimens or practical materials. Among these species, 1,220 species were revised as syn- onymously, 4,579 species were wild (including 483 endemic and 512 rare and endangered species), 163 were naturalized species (including 57 invasive species) and 1,294 species were cultivated species. Since the pub- lication of Flora Hainanica in 1964-1977, a large proportion of newly recorded species were mainly wild or introduced species, and accounted for 35.9% and 75.9% of their corresponding totals, respectively.

Published
2016
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17. Distribution patterns of alien invasive plants and their influences on native plants of Hainan Island

Author

Yang Xiao-Bo, Luo Wenqi, Chen Yukai, Fu ShaoHuai, Yang Qi, Zhou Wei, Zhou WenSong, and Tao Chu

Subjects
Ecology, Lantana camara, Introduced species, Plant Science, Biology, Native plant, biology.organism_classification, Invasive species, Conyza sumatrensis, Wedelia trilobata, Forest ecology, Species richness, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Aims Our objective was to explore the distribution patterns of 20 noxious invasive plants in Hainan Island notified by the National Ministry of Agriculture, and their influences on native plants. We also focused on investigating the traits of six most widely spread invasive plants and plant distributions in seven types of terrestrial ecosystems. Three hypotheses were deployed in this study:(1) the ecological effects of plant invasion were related to the characteristics of invaded ecosystems and successional phases of invaded communities;(2) the invasive plants rather affected certain functional groups than the whole communities;(3) and most invasive plant species tended to colonize frequently disturbed ecosystems, while they were usually excluded by intact forest ecosystems. Methods The plot survey was conducted to investigate the distributions of the 20 target invasive plants. The appearance frequency of the six most widely spread invasive plants(i.e., Chromolaena odorata, Praxelis clematidea, Mimosa pudica, Wedelia trilobata, Conyza sumatrensis, and Lantana camara) was compared among seven terrestrial ecosystems(i.e., secondary forest, farmland, grassland, abandoned land, plantation, village, and forest edge) to evaluate the invasibility of different ecosystems. The plots invaded by target species were classified, and species richness of native species in these invaded plots was compared using one-way ANOVAS. Relationships between the total coverage of invasive plants and the species richness of native plants were assessed using a linear regression model. Important findings(1) A total of 11 noxious invasive plants were found in Hainan Island, accounting for 55% of the target specie.(2) The target invasive species were mostly distributed in the northeastern and southwesternregions of Hainan Island, less in the southeastern region, and least in the central region.(3) An order of the intensity regarding plant invasiveness was expressed as Praxelis clematidea Chromolaena odorata Mimosa pudica Wedelia trilobata Lantana camara Conyza sumatrensis. The appearance frequency of Conyza sumatrensis and Lantana camara showed no significant differences among the surveyed ecosystems, while Praxelis clematidea, Mimosa pudica and Wedelia trilobata had obviously higher appearance frequency in plantations and abandoned lands, in farmlands, and in plantations, respectively.(4) Farmlands, plantations and abandoned lands were the most frequently invaded ecosystems; but forest edges and natural secondary forests appeared to be less vulnerable to plant invasion.(5) The appearance frequency of invasive plants was negatively correlated with plant coverage of the community invaded by the target species. The total coverage of invasive plants and the richness of native plant species showed a positive correlation in grasslands when the coverage was within a certain extent, and a negative correlation both in forest edges and abandoned lands, and no obvious correlation in plantations farmlands and village sites.

Published
2015
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21. Beamline design of EMuS - the first Experimental Muon Source in China

Author

Bao, Yu, Chen, Yukai, Hou, Zhilong, Jing, Hantao, Song, Yingpeng, Tang, Jingyu, Vassilopoulos, Nikolaos, Yuan, Ye, Zhao, Guang, and Zhou, Luping

Subjects
Physics, 03 Novel Particle Sources and Acceleration Technologies, History, Muon, Proton, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solenoid, Polarization (waves), Accelerator Physics, Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, A21 Secondary Beams, Beamline, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report the beamline design of the Experimental Muon Source (EMuS) project in China. Based on the 1.6 GeV/100 kW proton accelerator at the Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS), EMuS will extract one bunch from every 10 double-bunch proton pulses to hit a stand-alone target sitting in a superconducting solenoid, and the secondary muons/pions are guided to the experimental area. The beamline is designed to provide both a surface muon beam and a decay muon beam, so that various experiments such as muSR applications and particle/nuclear physics experiments can be conducted. In this work we present the conceptual design and simulation of the beamlines, and discuss the future aspects of the project., Proceedings of the 9th Int. Particle Accelerator Conf., IPAC2018, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Published
2018
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22. An estimate of the number of tropical tree species

Author

Slik, JW Ferry, Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia, Alves, Luciana F, Ashton, Peter, Balvanera, Patricia, Bastian, Meredith L, Bellingham, Peter J, van den Berg, Eduardo, Bernacci, Luis, da Conceição Bispo, Polyanna, Blanc, Lilian, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Boeckx, Pascal, Bongers, Frans, Boyle, Brad, Bradford, Matt, Brearley, Francis Q, Breuer-Ndoundou Hockemba, Mireille, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Calderado Leal Matos, Darley, Castillo-Santiago, Miguel, Catharino, Eduardo LM, Chai, Shauna-Lee, Chen, Yukai, Colwell, Robert K, Chazdon, Robin L, Clark, Connie, Clark, David B, Clark, Deborah A, Culmsee, Heike, Damas, Kipiro, Dattaraja, Handanakere S, Dauby, Gilles, Davidar, Priya, DeWalt, Saara J, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Duque, Alvaro, Durigan, Giselda, Eichhorn, Karl AO, Eisenlohr, Pedro V, Eler, Eduardo, Ewango, Corneille, Farwig, Nina, Feeley, Kenneth J, Ferreira, Leandro, Field, Richard, de Oliveira Filho, Ary T, Fletcher, Christine, Forshed, Olle, Franco, Geraldo, Fredriksson, Gabriella, Gillespie, Thomas, Gillet, Jean-François, Amarnath, Giriraj, Griffith, Daniel M, Grogan, James, Gunatilleke, Nimal, Harris, David, Harrison, Rhett, Hector, Andy, Homeier, Jürgen, Imai, Nobuo, Itoh, Akira, Jansen, Patrick A, Joly, Carlos A, de Jong, Bernardus HJ, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kelly, Daniel L, Kenfack, David, Kessler, Michael, Kitayama, Kanehiro, Kooyman, Robert, Larney, Eileen, Laumonier, Yves, Laurance, Susan, Laurance, William F, Lawes, Michael J, Amaral, Ieda Leao do, Letcher, Susan G, Lindsell, Jeremy, Lu, Xinghui, Mansor, Asyraf, Marjokorpi, Antti, Martin, Emanuel H, Meilby, Henrik, Melo, Felipe PL, Metcalfe, Daniel J, Medjibe, Vincent P, Metzger, Jean Paul, Millet, Jerome, Mohandass, D, Montero, Juan C, de Morisson Valeriano, Márcio, Mugerwa, Badru, Nagamasu, Hidetoshi, Nilus, Reuben, and Ochoa-Gaona, Susana

Subjects
Conservation of Natural Resources, Tropical Climate, Rainforest, spatial richness patterns, tropical tree species richness, Statistics, diversity estimation, Biodiversity, Forests, pantropical, Fisher's log series, Trees, Fisher’s log series, Databases, Phylogeography, Species Specificity, Nonparametric, Life Below Water, Ecosystem, Factual
Abstract

The high species richness of tropical forests has long been recognized, yet there remains substantial uncertainty regarding the actual number of tropical tree species. Using a pantropical tree inventory database from closed canopy forests, consisting of 657,630 trees belonging to 11,371 species, we use a fitted value of Fisher's alpha and an approximate pantropical stem total to estimate the minimum number of tropical forest tree species to fall between ∼ 40,000 and ∼ 53,000, i.e., at the high end of previous estimates. Contrary to common assumption, the Indo-Pacific region was found to be as species-rich as the Neotropics, with both regions having a minimum of ∼ 19,000-25,000 tree species. Continental Africa is relatively depauperate with a minimum of ∼ 4,500-6,000 tree species. Very few species are shared among the African, American, and the Indo-Pacific regions. We provide a methodological framework for estimating species richness in trees that may help refine species richness estimates of tree-dependent taxa.

Published
2015

23. Induced radioactivity analysis for the NSRL Linac in China using Monte Carlo simulations and gamma-spectroscopy

Author

He, Lijuan, Li, Yuxiong, Li, Weimin, Chen, Zhi, Chen, Yukai, and Ren, Guangyi

Subjects
Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Physics - Accelerator Physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
Abstract

The 200-MeV electron linac of the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) located in Hefei is one of the earliest high-energy electron linear accelerators in China. The electrons are accelerated to 200 MeV by five acceleration tubes and are collimated by scrapers. The scraper aperture is smaller than the acceleration tube one, so some electrons hit the materials when passing through them. These lost electrons cause induced radioactivity mainly due to bremsstrahlung and photonuclear reaction. This paper describes a study of induced radioactivity for the NSRL Linac using FLUKA simulations and gamma-spectroscopy. The measurements showed that electrons were lost mainly at the scraper. So the induced radioactivity of the NSRL Linac is mainly produced here. The radionuclide types were simulated using the FLUKA Monte Carlo code and the results were compared against measurements made with a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometer. The NSRL linac had been retired because of upgrading last year. The removed components were used to study induced radioactivity. The radionuclides confirmed by the measurement are: $^{57}$Ni, $^{52}$Mn, $^{51}$Cr, $^{58}$Co, $^{56}$Co, $^{57}$Co, $^{54}$Mn, $^{60}$Co and $^{22}$Na, the first eight nuclides of which are predicted by FLUKA simulation. The research will provide the theoretical basis for the similar accelerator decommissioning plan, and is significant for accelerator structure design, material selection and radiation protection design., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to the Chinese Physics C

Published
2014
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24. CEPC Conceptual Design Report: Volume 2 - Physics & Detector

Author

Guimarães Da Costa, João Barreiro, Gao, Yuanning, Jin, Shan, Qian, Jianming, Tully, Christopher G., Young, Charles, Wang, Lian-Tao, Ruan, Manqi, Zhu, Hongbo, Dong, Mingyi, Ouyang, Qun, Wu, Zhigang, Deng, Zhi, Li, Yulan, Qi, Huirong, Wang, Meng, Fu, Chengdong, Yao, Wei-Ming, Grancagnolo, Franco, Liu, Jianbei, Hu, Tao, Yang, Haijun, Bedeschi, Franco, Ferrari, Roberto, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zian, Giacomelli, Paolo, Li, Liang, Li, Fei, Liu, Zhenan, Zhu, Kejun, Hou, Suen, Bozovic Jelisavcic, Ivanka, Li, Gang, Fang, Yaquan, Li, Qiang, Boonekamp, Maarten, Liang, Zhijun, Piccinini, Fulvio, Shi, Xin, Abbrescia, Marcello, Ahmad, Muhammad, Ai, Xiaocong, Albergo, Sebastiano, Aleem, Muhammad Abid, Alexeev, Maxim, Aliev, Malik, Altmannshofer, Wolfgang, Alves, Fábio, An, Fenfen, An, Guangpeng, An, Haipeng, An, Qi, An, Rui, Andreazza, Attilio, Anduze, Marc, Antonello, Massimiliano, Garcia Pascual, Juan Antonio, Antusch, Stefan, Arhrib, Abdesslam, Arkani-Hamed, Nima, Arndt, Kirk, Azzi, Patrizia, Azzurri, Paolo, Palmer, Robert B., Bai, Bowen, Bai, Sha, Bai, Yang, Bai, Yu, Balagura, Vladislav, Balossino, Ilaria, Ban, Yong, Barger, Vernon, Barklow, Timothy, Bartalini, Paolo, Becattini, Francesco, Bellagamba, Lorenzo, Belloni, Alberto, Bencivenni, Giovanni, Berg, J. Scott, Bernius, Catrin, Bertani, Monica, Bertella, Claudia, Bertucci, Michele, Bi, Xiaojun, Bi, Yuanjie, Bian, Ligong, Bian, Tianjian, Bianchi, Fabrizio, Bigi, Ikaros I., Biglietti, Michela, Bignami, Andrea, Bilei, Gianmario, Borgonovi, Lisa, Bortoletto, Daniela, Bortone, Alberto, Boscherini, Davide, Bosotti, Angelo, Boudry, Vincent, Braibant, Sylvie, Bramante, Joseph, Branchini, Paolo, Brient, Jean-Claude, Caccia, Massimo, Cai, Chengfeng, Cai, Hao, Cai, Wenyong, Cai, Xiao, Cai, Yiming, Cai, Yuchen, Cai, Yunhai, Cai, Zhiqiang, Cano Bret, Marc, Cao, Bo, Cao, Dewen, Cao, Jianshe, Cao, Junjie, Cao, Qing-Hong, Carloni Calame, Carlo Michel, Casanova, Raimon, Cavasinni, Vincenzo, Chai, Junying, Chai, Weiping, Chang, Ningbo, Chang, Qin, Chang, Spencer, Chang, We-Fu, Chang, Xuejun, Chang, Yuan-Hann, Chekanov, Sergei, Chen, Bin, Chen, Chunhui, Chen, Fusan, Chen, Gang, Chen, Guoming, Chen, Huan, Chen, Huirun, Chen, Lei, Chen, Liejian, Chen, Mingjun, Chen, Mingshui, Chen, Nian, Chen, Ning, Chen, Shanhong, Chen, Shanzhen, Chen, Shao-Long, Chen, Shaomin, Chen, Shenjian, Chen, Shi, Chen, Wei, Chen, Wen, Chen, Xin, Chen, Xun, Chen, Xurong, Chen, Ye, Chen, Yu, Chen, Yuan, Chen, Yuanbai, Chen, Yukai, Chen, Zhenxing, Cheng, Hao, Cheng, Hsin-Chia, Cheng, Huajie, Cheng, Jian, Cheng, Shan, Cheng, Tongguang, Cheng, Weishuai, Cheong, Sanha, Chi, Yunlong, Chiarello, Gianluigi, Chiesa, Mauro, Chiu, Wen Han, Chou, Weiren, Chu, Chungming Paul, Chu, Ming-Chung, Chu, Xiaotong, Chu, Zhaolin, Chua, Chun-Khiang, Cibinetto, Gianluigi, Ciuchini, Marco, Cobal, Marina, Cochran, James, Coelho Lopes Sa, Rafael, Cossio, Fabio, Craig, Nathaniel, Cui, Han, Cui, Hanhua, Cui, Xiaohao, Cui, Zhaoyuan, Curtin, David, D Agnolo, Raffaele Tito, Dai, Jian-Ping, Dai, Jianping, Dai, Jin, Dai, Lei, Dai, Wei, Dai, Xuwen, Curtis, Stefania, Filippis, Nicola, Lucia, Erika, Mori, Francesca, Delgado, Antonio, Demarteau, Marcel, Deng, Changdong, Deng, Wei-Tian, Destefanis, Marco, Dev, P. 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Bhupal, Di Micco, Biagio, Ding, Ran, Ding, Xuefeng, Ding, Yadong, Da Rocha Rolo, Manuel Dionisio, Domenici, Danilo, Dong, Bingbing, Dong, Chongmin, Dong, Dong, Dong, Haiyi, Dong, Jianing, Dong, Jing, Dong, Lan, Dopke, Jens, Dordevic, Milos, Dos Santos Ramos, Tiago, Draper, Patrick, Drewes, Marco, Du, Mingxuan, Duan, Guang Hua, Eklund, Lars, Eno, Sarah, Erler, Jens, Essig, Rouven, Fan, Jiji, Fan, Shenghong, Fan, Wenjie, Fan, Xiangning, Fang, Shuangshi, Fano, Livio, Farilla, Addolarata, Farinelli, Riccardo, Faus-Golfe, Angeles, Fedderke, Michael A., Felici, Giulietto, Feng, Changqing, Feng, Cunfeng, Feng, Feng, Feng, Jianxin, Feng, Jun, Feng, Tai-Fu, Fischer, Oliver, Flores Castillo, Luis Roberto, Fontanesi, Elisa, Freitas, Ayres, Frotin, M., Frugiuele, Claudia, Fu, Jinyu, Fu, Qibin, Fu, Shinian, Fuchs, Elina, Fukuda, Shigeki, Gabrielli, Emidio, Gaido, Luciano, Gan, Pingping, Gao, Jie, Gao, Jun, Gao, Wu, Gao, Yanyan, Gao, Yu, Garzia, Isabella, Gaudio, Gabriella, Ge, Shao-Feng, Geng, 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Jessie, Shen, Cheng-Ping, Shen, Peixun, Shen, Qiuping, Shen, Yang, Shen, Yuqiao, Shen, Zhongtao, Shi, Can, Shi, Haoyu, Shi, Jingyuan, Shi, Liaoshan, Shi, Renjie, Shi, Yu-Ji, Shi, Yukun, Shi, Yulong, Shin, Seodong, Shipsey, Ian, Shiu, Gary, Shu, Guan, Shu, Jing, Si, Zonguo, Silvestrini, Luca, Sinyatkin, Sergey, Song, Hong, Song, Mao, Song, Weimin, Stamou, Emannuel, Stratakis, Diktys, Su, Dong, Su, Feng, Su, Shufang, Su, Wanyun, Su, Wei, Su, Yangjie, Sui, Yanfeng, Sullivan, Michael, Sun, Baogeng, Sun, Daming, Sun, Guoqiang, Sun, Hao, Sun, Junfeng, Sun, Liang, Sun, Peng, Sun, Qingfeng, Sun, Shengsen, Sun, Sichun, Sun, Tingting, Sun, Xiangming, Sun, Xianjing, Sun, Xilei, Sun, Yanjun, Sun, Yongzhao, Sundrum, Raman, Tang, Chuanxiang, Tang, Guangyi, Tang, Jian, Tang, Jiannan, Tang, Jingyu, Tang, Songzhi, Tang, Yi-Lei, Tao, Jia, Tao, Junquan, Tassielli, Giovanni, Tenchini, Roberto, Teytelman, Dmitry, Thaler, Jesse, Tian, Saike, Tian, Xingcheng, Tonelli, Guido, Tong, Xinyu, Trentadue, Luca, 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Qing, Xu, Qingjin, Xu, Qingjun, Xu, Wei, Xu, Yin, Xu, Yongheng, Xu, Zijun, Xue, Wei, Yan, Bin, Yan, Jun, Yan, Liang, Yan, Mingyang, Yan, Qi-Shu, Yan, Tian, Yan, Wenbiao, Yan, Yingbing, Yang, Bingfang, Yang, Huan, Yang, Jiancheng, Yang, Jianquan, Yang, Jin Min, Yang, Jing, Yang, Junfeng, Yang, Li, Yang, Liu, Yang, Mei, Yang, Ping, Yang, Qianwen, Yang, Xingwang, Yang, Xuan, Yang, Ye, Yang, Ying, Yang, Yong, Yang, Yongliang, Yang, Yueling, Yang, Zhenwei, Yao, Weichao, Yatsenko, Elena, Ye, Hanfei, Ye, Jingbo, Ye, Mei, Ye, Qiang, Ye, Ziping, Yi, Fang, Yi, Kai, Yilun, Xue, Yin, Hang, Yin, Pengfei, Yin, Xiangwei, Yin, Ze, Yin, Zhongbao, You, Zhengyun, Yu, Boxiang, Yu, Chenghui, Yu, Chunxu, Yu, Dan, Yu, Felix, Yu, Fusheng, Yu, Lingda, Yu, Lu, Yu, Yue, Yu, Zhao-Huan, Yuan, Li, Yuan, Siyu, Yuan, Ye, Yuan, Youjin, Yuan, Zhiyang, Yue, Chongxing, Yue, Junhui, Yue, Qian, Zaib, Un-Nisa, Zhai, Jian, Zhai, Jiyuan, Zhang, Baotang, Zhang, Ben-Wei, Zhang, Bo, Zhang, Bowen, Zhang, Cen, Zhang, Chad, Zhang, Chunlei, Zhang, Di, Zhang, Gang, Zhang, Guangyi, Zhang, Guoqing, Zhang, Hai-Bin, Zhang, Hao, Zhang, Honghao, Zhang, Hongyu, Zhang, Huaqiao, Zhang, Hui, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Jianhui, Zhang, Jianqin, Zhang, Jielei, Zhang, Jingru, Zhang, Jinlong, Zhang, Junrui, Zhang, Kaili, Zhang, Lei, Zhang, Liang, Zhang, Liming, Zhang, Linhao, Zhang, Ren-You, Zhang, Rui, Zhang, Sifan, Zhang, Tianjiao, Zhang, Wenchao, Zhang, Xiangke, Zhang, Xiaohui, Zhang, Xinmin, Zhang, Xinying, Zhang, Xueyao, Zhang, Yang, Zhang, Yao, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhang, Yongchao, Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Yuan, Zhang, Yuhong, Zhang, Yu-Jie, Zhang, Yulei, Zhang, Yulian, Zhang, Yumei, Zhang, Yunlong, Zhang, Yuxuan, Zhang, Zhaoru, Zhang, Zhen, Zhang, Zhenyu, Zhang, Zhiqing, Zhang, Zhiyong, Zhao, Chen, Zhao, Hang, Zhao, Jingxia, Zhao, Jingyi, Zhao, Ling, Zhao, Mei, Zhao, Minggang, Zhao, Mingrui, Zhao, Peng, Zhao, Qiang, Zhao, Shensen, Zhao, Shuai, Zhao, Shu-Min, Zhao, Tongxian, Zhao, Xianghu, Zhao, Xiaoran, Zhao, Xiaoyan, Zhao, Ying, Zhao, Yu, Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Zhengguo, Zhao, Zhen-Xing, Zhao, Zhuo, Zheng, Bo, Zheng, Hongjuan, Zheng, Liang, Zheng, Ran, Zheng, Shuxin, Zheng, Taifan, Zheng, Xuxing, Zheng, Ya-Juan, Zheng, Yangheng, Zhi, Yu, Zhong, Bin, Zhong, Yiming, Zhou, Bing, Zhou, Hai-Qing, Zhou, Hang, Zhou, Jia, Zhou, Jianxin, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Maosen, Zhou, Nan, Zhou, Ning, Zhou, Ningchuang, Zhou, Shiyu, Zhou, Shun, Zhou, Sihong, Zhou, Siyi, Zhou, Xiang, Zhou, Yang, Zhou, Yi, Zhou, Yu-Feng, Zhou, Zusheng, Zhu, Changhe, Zhu, Chengguang, Zhu, Chenzheng, Zhu, Dechong, Zhu, Hongyan, Zhu, Hua-Xing, Zhu, Jiamin, Zhu, Jiang, Zhu, Jingya, Zhu, Jingyu, Zhu, Junjie, Zhu, Kai, Zhu, Kun, Zhu, Li, Zhu, Ruilin, Zhu, Xianglei, Zhu, Xuezheng, Zhu, Yifan, Zhu, Yingshun, Zhu, Yongfeng, Zhuang, Xuai, Zong, Hongshi, Zou, Cong, Zou, Jiaheng, Zou, Ye, Zupan, Jure, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEPC Study Group, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and HEP, INSPIRE

Subjects
detector: technology, Higgs particle: particle source, electron positron: storage ring, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, threshold: production, electron positron: annihilation, B-factory, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], accelerator: technology, detector: design, Particle Physics - Phenomenology, new physics, hep-ex, Z0: decay, Higgs-factory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Z0: particle source, hep-ph, electron positron: colliding beams, sensitivity, CEPC, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, tau: particle source, 240 GeV-cms, vertex: primary, Higgs particle: electroproduction, charm: particle source, High Energy Physics::Experiment, proposed experiment, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, Z0-factory, performance, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a large international scientific facility proposed by the Chinese particle physics community to explore the Higgs boson and provide critical tests of the underlying fundamental physics principles of the Standard Model that might reveal new physics. The CEPC, to be hosted in China in a circular underground tunnel of approximately 100 km in circumference, is designed to operate as a Higgs factory producing electron-positron collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 240 GeV. The collider will also operate at around 91.2 GeV, as a Z factory, and at the WW production threshold (around 160 GeV). The CEPC will produce close to one trillion Z bosons, 100 million W bosons and over one million Higgs bosons. The vast amount of bottom quarks, charm quarks and tau-leptons produced in the decays of the Z bosons also makes the CEPC an effective B-factory and tau-charm factory. The CEPC will have two interaction points where two large detectors will be located. This document is the second volume of the CEPC Conceptual Design Report (CDR). It presents the physics case for the CEPC, describes conceptual designs of possible detectors and their technological options, highlights the expected detector and physics performance, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics investigations. The final CEPC detectors will be proposed and built by international collaborations but they are likely to be composed of the detector technologies included in the conceptual designs described in this document. A separate volume, Volume I, recently released, describes the design of the CEPC accelerator complex, its associated civil engineering, and strategic alternative scenarios., 424 pages

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