108 results on '"Choi C"'
Search Results
2. Influence of Comptonization region over the ambiance of accretion disc in active galactic nucleus
- Author
-
Sriram, K., Nour, D., and Choi, C. S.
- Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Space and Planetary Science ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics - Abstract
Understanding the radiative and physical structures of inner region of a few 100 pc of AGNs is important to constrain the causes of their activities. Although the X-ray emission from the Comptonization region/corona and the accretion disc regulates the broad line emission regions and torus structures, the exact mutual dependency is not understood well. We performed correlation studies for X-ray, mid-infrared, and different components of Balmer emission lines for the selected sample of AGNs. Almost 10 different parameters and their inter-dependencies were explored in order to understand the underlying astrophysics. We found that the X-ray luminosity has a linear dependency on the various components of broad Balmer emission lines (e.g. L$_{\text{2-10 keV}}$ $\propto$ L$^{0.78}_{\text{H}\beta^{\text{B}}}$) and found a strong dependency on the optical continuum luminosity (L$_{\text{2-10 keV}}$ $\propto$ L$^{0.86}_{5100\,\text{\AA}}$). For a selected sample, we also observed a linear dependency between X-ray and mid-infrared luminosity (L$_{\text{2-10 keV}}$ $\propto$ L$^{0.74}_{6\,\upmu \text{m}}$). A break point was observed in our correlation studies for X-ray power-law index, $\Gamma$, and mass of black hole at $\sim$ log (M/M$_{\odot}$) = 8.95. Similarly the relations between $\Gamma$ and FWHM of H$\alpha$ and H$\beta$ broad components show breaks at FWHM$_{\text{H}\alpha}$= 7642$\pm$657 km s$^{-1}$ and FWHM$_{\text{H}\beta}$ = 7336$\pm$650 km s$^{-1}$. However, more data are required to confine the breaks locations exactly. We noted that $\Gamma$ and Eddington ratios are negatively correlated to Balmer decrements in our selected sample. We analyzed and discussed about the implications of new findings in terms of interaction AGN structures., Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. HEMOCOVID-19 study: an international clinical study to evaluate microvascular and endothelial impairments in severe COVID-19 patients using near-infrared spectroscopy
- Author
-
Cortese, L., Oliveira, L. B., Barcelona, M., Delazari, L. E. B., Besen, B. A. M. P., Busch, D. R., Caballer, A., Robles, V. C., Castro, P., Barauna Lima, A. L. C., Cheruku, S., Chiscano, L., Choi, C., Mesquita, R. C., Dave, S., Dos Santos Roceto Ratti, L., Eiras Falcão, A. L., Espinal, C., Fernández, S., Ferrer, R., Font, F., Acilu, M. G., Gruartmoner, G., Karadeniz, U., Lahsaei, P., Lívio Emídio, G., Marin Corral, J., Matas, A., Menezes Forti, R., Mera, A., Oca Hernández, F. J. M., Tim Myers, Nogales, S., Olson, D., Pagliazzi, M., Parada Guzmán, M., Pérez Pacheco, A., Pérez Terán, P., Picazo, L., Pineda Vázquez, D., Quiroga Soto, A. F., Quispe Siccha, R. M., Romero, D., Santillán Aguayo, E., Serra, I., Serrano Loyola, R., Téllez, A., Utino Taniguchi, L., Vilà, C., Zanoletti, M., Mesquida, J., and Durduran, T.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Monitored Anesthesia Care versus General Anesthesia for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
- Author
-
Wade W. Stinson, Choi C, Matt P. Falasa, Park K, Eddie W. Manning, Neal D, Holmes H, Jeng E, Anthony A. Bavry, and Freeman K
- Subjects
Text mining ,Valve replacement ,Transcatheter aortic ,business.industry ,Anesthesia ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background: Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) has been increasingly used in lieu of general anesthesia (GA) for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We sought to compare outcomes and in-hospital costs between MAC and GA for TAVR at a single center Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Methods: A single-center retrospective review of 349 patients who underwent TAVR (MAC, n = 244 vs. GA, n = 105) from January 2014 to December 2019 was performed. Baseline patient characteristics, operating room (OR) time, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) and cost, total LOS, hospital cost, total cost, and complication rates were collected. Propensity matching was performed and resulted in 83 matched pairs. Results: In the unmatched TAVR cohort, MAC TAVR was associated with reduced OR time (146 vs. 198 minutes, P < .0001), ICU LOS (1.4 vs. 1.8 days, P < 0.0001), total hospital LOS (3.4 vs. 5.4 days, P < .0001), and lower index total cost ($81,3000 vs. $85,400, P = .010). After propensity matching, MAC TAVR patients had reduced OR time (146 vs. 196 minutes, P < 0.05), ICU LOS (1.2 vs. 1.7 days, P = .006), total LOS (3.5 vs. 5.1 days, P = .001), and 180-day mortality (2.4% vs. 12%, P < 0.03). There was no difference in total hospitalization cost or total cost. Conclusions: In propensity matched groups, TAVR utilizing MAC is associated with improved OR time efficiency, decreased LOS, and a reduction in 180-day mortality, but no significant difference in cost.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Investigating 3,3-Diaryloxetanes as Potential Bioisosteres in Drug Discovery
- Author
-
Dubois Maj, James J. Mousseau, Choi C, Owen Dr, Rosemary A. Croft, James A. Bull, and Ding Y
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Drug discovery ,Benzophenone ,Design elements and principles ,Molecule ,Matched molecular pair analysis ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Alkyl - Abstract
Oxetanes have received increasing interest in medicinal chemistry as attractive polar and low molecular weight motifs. The application of oxetanes as replacements for methylene, methyl, gem-dimethyl and carbonyl groups has been demonstrated to often improve chemical properties of target molecules for drug discovery purposes. The investigation of the properties of 3,3-diaryloxetanes, particularly of interest as a benzophenone replacement, remains largely unexplored. With recent synthetic advances in accessing this motif we studied the effects of 3,3-diaryloxetanes on the physicochemical properties of ‘drug-like’ molecules. Here, we describe our efforts in the design and synthesis of a range of drug-like compounds for matched molecular pair analysis to investigate the viability of the 3,3-diaryloxetane motif as a replacement group in drug discovery. We conclude that the properties of the diaryloxetanes and ketones are similar, and generally superior to related alkyl linkers, and that diaryloxetanes provide a potentially useful new design element.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Tuning the Pd-catalyzed electroreduction of CO2to CO with reduced overpotential
- Author
-
Han, Z, Choi, C, Tao, H, Fan, Q, Gao, Y, Liu, S, Robertson, A, Hong, S, Jung, Y, and Sun, Z
- Subjects
Dopant ,Chemistry ,Inorganic chemistry ,Doping ,02 engineering and technology ,Overpotential ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Electrochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,Reversible hydrogen electrode ,0210 nano-technology ,Selectivity ,Faraday efficiency - Abstract
Developing selective and efficient catalysts is highly desirable for electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR) to fuels and chemicals. Pd can strongly bind *COOH but weakly bind *CO, thus resulting in CO as a product. However, proton reduction also occurs severely on the surface of Pd, leading to low CO selectivity. Here we found that the ECR to CO can be greatly enhanced by controlling the Pd–ceria interface and doping with tellurium atoms. Notably, a very high mass activity of 92 mA mgPd−1 (at 1.0 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode) for CO formation was achieved, significantly surpassing previously reported Pd catalysts (35 mA mgPd−1 at −1.0 V). The Pd catalysts comprising CeOx displayed more positive onset potentials than the Pd catalysts in the absence of CeOx, enabling ECR to CO at −0.6 V (vs. RHE). The modified Pd catalyst also afforded an unprecedented CO faradaic efficiency of over 84% at a low Pd loading (
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Prediction of disease recurrence according to surgical approach of primary radical hysterectomy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer using machine learning methods
- Author
-
Kim, YB[Kim, Y. B.], Lee, M[Lee, M.], Choi, CH[Choi, C. H.], Kim, SI[Kim, S. I.], Lee, S[Lee, S.], and Kim, JW[Kim, J. W.]
- Subjects
Cervical cancer ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Surgical approach ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Oncology ,Medicine ,In patient ,Stage (cooking) ,Radical Hysterectomy ,business - Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Identification of favorable SNP alleles related to fruit traits in diverse apple germplasm
- Author
-
Kim Gh, Kim S, Han Ar, and Choi C
- Subjects
Germplasm ,Genetics ,food and beverages ,SNP ,Identification (biology) ,Allele ,Biology - Abstract
Background: The Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) is a valuable fruit crop worldwide, and receives considerable attention as one of the model plants of the Rosaceae family. The primary purpose of apple breeding programs is to generate novel apple cultivars with fruit quality traits that have high commercial value. To advance fruit-tree breeding systems, it is necessary to investigate the association between genomes and targeted traits. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are promising to analyze the associations between the genome and traits in fruit tree crops.Results: In this study, we evaluated 10 major fruit quality traits including titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids content (SSC), and skin color from 301 apple germplasms for four years (2015-2018). GWAS analysis was performed using SNP data generated via genotyping by sequencing (GBS) and identified SNPs significantly related to the fruit quality traits. For TA, significant association loci were detected on chromosome 16 and genes in the candidate regions related to malate transporter. The GWAS loci of SSC was found on chromosome 15, where genes related to sucrose synthase and transporter are located. Significant SNPs associated with fruit skin color were identified on genetic region near the MYB10 gene on chromosome 9, which regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis. SNPs identified by the GWAS were further confirmed with high resolution melting (HRM) analysis to discover specific polymorphisms in the melting curve.Conclusion: Overall, these results could identify several candidate genes and SNP markers associated with the fruit quality traits, thus validation of these SNPs enabled marker-assisted selection (MAS). The candidate SNPs and genes observed in this study will contribute to a better understanding of genetic basis for the important fruit quality traits and provide tools for generation of novel cultivars with the quality traits for advancement of apple industry.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Catalytic Friedel-crafts reactions on saturated heterocycles and small rings for sp³-sp² coupling of medicinally relevant fragments
- Author
-
Croft, RA, Dubois, M, Boddy, A, Denis, C, Lazaridou, A, Voisin, AS, Bureau, R, Choi, C, Mousseau, J, Bull, J, Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC), and The Royal Society
- Subjects
Science & Technology ,Small rings ,CONSTRUCTION ,0304 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry ,COMPLEXATION ,Nitrogen heterocycles ,Organic Chemistry ,Chemistry, Organic ,ALCOHOLS ,SUBSTITUTION ,ALKYLATION ,Homogeneous catalysis ,0305 Organic Chemistry ,HIGH-AFFINITY ,Chemistry ,Oxygen heterocycles ,DISCOVERY ,Physical Sciences ,INTRAMOLECULAR HYDROAMINATION ,NITROGEN-HETEROCYCLES ,Lewis acids ,PROTEIN-KINASE-B - Abstract
gem-Diarylheterocycles display a wide range of biological activity. Here we present a systematic study into the formation of 4- to 6-membered O- and N-heterocycles and cyclobutanes bearing the diaryl motif through a catalytic Friedel–Crafts reaction from the corresponding benzylic alcohols. 3,3-Diaryltetrahydrofurans, 4,4 diaryltetrahydropyrans, 3,3-diarylpyrrolidines, 4,4-diaryl-piperidines, as well as diarylcyclobutanes are examined, with results for 3,3-diaryloxetanes and 3,3-diarylazetidines presented for comparison. Three catalytic systems are investigated for each substrate [Ca(II), Li(I) and Fe(III)], across preinstalled aromatic groups of differing electronic character. In most cases examined, the diaryl product is obtained directly from the alcohol with good yields using the most appropriate catalyst system. In the absence of a nucleophile, the olefins from the 5- and 6-membered substrates by elimination of water are obtained under the same reaction conditions.
- Published
- 2019
10. Lithium Catalyzed Thiol Alkylation with Tertiary and Secondary Alcohols: Synthesis of 3-Sulfanyl-Oxetanes as Bioisosteres
- Author
-
Croft, RA, Mousseau, JJ, Choi, C, Bull, JA, Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC), Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (E, and The Royal Society
- Subjects
oxetanes ,sulfides ,bioisosteres ,oxygen heterocycles ,General Chemistry ,03 Chemical Sciences ,homogeneous catalysis - Abstract
3-Sulfanyl-oxetanes are presented as promising novel bioisosteric replacements for thioesters or benzyl sulfides. From oxetan-3-ols, a mild and inexpensive Li catalyst enables chemoselective C–OH activation and thiol alkylation. Oxetane sulfides are formed from various thiols providing novel motifs in new chemical space and specifically as bioisosteres for thioesters due to their similar shape and electronic properties. Under the same conditions, various -activated secondary and tertiary alcohols are also successful. Derivatization of the oxetane sulfide linker provides further novel oxetane classes and building blocks. Comparisons of key physicochemical properties of the oxetane compounds to selected carbonyl and methylene analogues indicate that these motifs are suitable for incorporation into drug discovery efforts.
- Published
- 2017
11. Development Of Real-Time Onion Disease Monitoring System Using Machine Vision
- Author
-
Kim, D-H, Lee, K-H, Choi, C-H, Choi, T-H, and Kim, Y-J
- Subjects
ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION - Abstract
Background: To provide optimum environmental condition agricultural crops, it is necessary to environmental monitoring of continuous crops. Especially, it needs to minimize that effect of crops to disease manifestation by real-time monitoring. Therefore, the purpose is development of machine vision system for disease monitoring of crops. Methods: In this study, machine vision system consisted of infrared floodlight camera, servo motor and lifting device. The infrared floodlight camera contains intelligent video analytic function, automatic sound alarm, after recorded image function. In addition, this camera designed that enable to rotate 360 degrees for monitoring all around environment. Servo motor system is installed stand for position controller. Lifting device is available for moving the camera up and down. Results & discussion: Image of crops was difference between disease crops and without disease crops. Therefore, it is possible to detection disease using a machine vision system. The results of this study showed that developed environment monitoring system using machine vision is feasible as real-time measurement by measurement condition such as day/night, and measuring point.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Analysis of load severeness for the transplanter PTO by planting condition
- Author
-
Kim, W-S, Chung, S-O, Choi, C-H, Cho, J-S, Choi, D-S, and Kim, Y-J
- Abstract
Background: Analysis of load on the transplanter PTO shaft is critical for optimum design of a transplanter. The purpose of this study was to analyze the load severeness of the transplanter PTO shaft during field operation by planting condition. Methods: In order to measure the loads acting on the PTO shaft of transplanter, a load measurement system was installed on the transplanter. A load measurement system was constructed with torque sensors to measure the torque of a PTO shaft, a measurement device to acquire sensor signals, and embedded system to calculate the load severeness. Field operation was conducted at four planting distances (26, 35, 43, and 80 cm) and three planting depths (level 1, 5 and 10) on a field with similar soil conditions. The load data was converted to a load spectrum using the rain-flow counting method and SWT (Smith Watson Topper) equations. Sum of damage due to the load was calculated using the Modified Miner’s rule for each planting conditions, and then the load severeness was calculated as the relative magnitude of the damage sum. Results: The average torque on the PTO shaft increased significantly as the planting distance decreased from 80 cm to 26 cm. Also, the average torque on the PTO shaft increased as the planting depth increased from level planting depth level 1 to 10. The severeness of the load on the PTO shaft increased as planting distance decreased and planting depth increased. Discussion: Farmers should determine the planting conditions of the transplanter by considering load and durability of machine. Conclusion: The results of this study provide useful information for the optimum design of a transplanter PTO considering field load. In addition, future studies need to provide basic data for the design of the transplanter by considering the working speed and various work conditions.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Fatigue Life Prediction Of Pto Gears For A Small Multi-Purpose Cultivator By Ditching Rotor Operation
- Author
-
Lee, P-U, Jung, Y-J, Chun, W-K, Kim, S-I, Kwon, O-W, Choi, C H, and Kim, Y J
- Abstract
Background: Rural labor force in Korea has recently been steadily decreased of population and increasing of aging population. Therefore, small multi-purpose cultivator is widely used for field operation due to the field of small scale in Korea. Methods: This paper measured and analyzed the engine torque of the cultivator by ditching rotor operation, and then fatigue life prediction of PTO gears for a small multi-purpose cultivator using the ISO 6336 and Miner’s rule. The torque measurement system was constructed with torque sensors to measure the torque of a engine shaft, a measurement device to acquire sensor signals. Conditions of field test were conducted at two transmission gear stage (1st, 2nd) and two PTO gear stage (1st, 2nd) with 100 mm working depth on the field with similar soil conditions. Results: The average torques on the engine shaft for PTO gear 1st, 2nd at transmission gear 1st were 11.64, 18.05 Nm, respectively; the same for PTO gear 1st, 2nd at transmission gear 2nd were 17.67, 22.98 Nm, respectively. Discussion: As gear selection is higher, the torque on engine shaft tended to increase and the fatigue life of PTO gears are reduced. Conclusion: Therefore, farmers should carefully determine the gear selection of the cultivator by considering the load and durability of the machine.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Severity Analysis Of 75Kw Agricultural Tractor Pto Gear Using A Field Data
- Author
-
Jang, J H, Shim, S H, Choi, C H, and Kim, Y J
- Abstract
Background: Agricultural tractor is the agricultural machinery which conducts several operations using various implements such as harvester, baler and trailer. Power from the engine is directly transmitted to driving shafts and PTO (Power Take Off) shaft. Power delivered to PTO shaft is transmitted to the implements through the PTO gear. The gears are components of transmission which transmit the power of an engine to a machine and offers various speed ratios, a compact structure and high efficiency of power transmission. A gear train design in the automotive industry uses simulation software. However, the PTO gear design for agricultural applications uses the empirical method because of the wide range of load fluctuations in agricultural fields. Methods: Therefore, severity analysis with agricultural operation of PTO gear using a simulation is essential to the optimal design of the PTO gear. In this study, severity analysis using a simulation proceeded in full load condition and real work condition (70% rotary tillage, 30% baler operation) during the rotary tillage, baler operation. Results: Simulation results showed the severity of full load condition was the higher than the real work condition. Discussion: This study secured the reliability of the PTO gear design through the severity analysis, and it also proved the feasibility of implementation of the optimal design by using gear analysis software. Conclusion: Thus, it is necessary to design the tractor PTO gear in consideration of the field data.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Comparisons Between Upper and Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Review of the RIETE Registry
- Author
-
Cote LP, Greenberg S, Caprini JA, Tafur A, Choi C, Munoz FJ, Skride A, VALERO B, Porras JA, Ciammaichella M, HERNÁNDEZ L, Monreal M, and RIETE Investigators
- Subjects
pulmonary embolism ,anticoagulant therapy ,recurrences ,upper extremity ,lower extremity ,catheter ,bleeding ,deep vein thrombosis - Abstract
Background: The outcome of patients with upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) has not been consistently compared with that in patients with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT). Methods: We used the Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad Trombo Embolica (RIETE) registry to compare the outcomes during the course of anticoagulant therapy in patients with UEDVT versus outcomes in patients with LEDVT. Results: As of August 2015, 37,366 patients with acute DVT had been enrolled in RIETE: 35094 (94%) had LEDVT, 1334 (3.6%) non-catheter related UEDVT (672 unprovoked and 662 provoked) and 938 (2.5%) had catheter-related UEDVT. During the course of anticoagulation, patients with unprovoked UEDVT had a higher rate of DVT recurrences (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.37-3.43) and a similar rate of PE recurrences or major bleeding than those with unprovoked LEDVT. Patients with non-catheter-related provoked UEDVT had a similar outcome than those with provoked LEDVT. Among patients with UEDVT, those with non-catheter related unprovoked UEDVT had a lower rate of PE recurrences (HR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0-0.35) and major bleeding (HR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.08-0.46) than those with catheter-related UEDVT or those with non-catheter related provoked UEDVT (HR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.004-0.60; and 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08-0.52, respectively). On multivariable analysis, any difference had disappeared. Conclusion: During the course of anticoagulation, patients with UEDVT had a similar outcome than those with LEDVT. Among UEDVT patients, there were some differences according to the presence of catheter or additional risk factors for DVT. These differences disappeared after adjusting for potentially confounding variables.
- Published
- 2017
16. Comparisons Between Upper and Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Review of the RIETE Registry
- Author
-
Cote, LP, Greenberg, S, Caprini, JA, Tafur, A, Choi, C, Munoz, FJ, Skride, A, Valero, B, Porras, JA, Ciammaichella, M, Hernandez-Blasco, LM, and Monreal, M
- Subjects
pulmonary embolism ,anticoagulant therapy ,recurrences ,upper extremity ,lower extremity ,catheter ,bleeding ,deep vein thrombosis - Abstract
Background: The outcome of patients with upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) has not been consistently compared with that in patients with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT). Methods: We used the Registro Informatizado de Enfermedad Trombo Embolica (RIETE) registry to compare the outcomes during the course of anticoagulant therapy in patients with UEDVT versus outcomes in patients with LEDVT. Results: As of August 2015, 37,366 patients with acute DVT had been enrolled in RIETE: 35094 (94%) had LEDVT, 1334 (3.6%) non-catheter related UEDVT (672 unprovoked and 662 provoked) and 938 (2.5%) had catheter-related UEDVT. During the course of anticoagulation, patients with unprovoked UEDVT had a higher rate of DVT recurrences (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.37-3.43) and a similar rate of PE recurrences or major bleeding than those with unprovoked LEDVT. Patients with non-catheter-related provoked UEDVT had a similar outcome than those with provoked LEDVT. Among patients with UEDVT, those with non-catheter related unprovoked UEDVT had a lower rate of PE recurrences (HR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0-0.35) and major bleeding (HR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.08-0.46) than those with catheter-related UEDVT or those with non-catheter related provoked UEDVT (HR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.004-0.60; and 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08-0.52, respectively). On multivariable analysis, any difference had disappeared. Conclusion: During the course of anticoagulation, patients with UEDVT had a similar outcome than those with LEDVT. Among UEDVT patients, there were some differences according to the presence of catheter or additional risk factors for DVT. These differences disappeared after adjusting for potentially confounding variables.
- Published
- 2017
17. Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger
- Author
-
Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Afrough, M., Agarwal, B., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., Allocca, A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Angelova, S. V., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arnaud, N., Arun, K. G., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Ast, M., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Atallah, D. V., Aufmuth, P., Aulbert, C., AultONeal, K., Austin, C., Avila-Alvarez, A., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Bader, M. K. M., Bae, S., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barkett, K., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Barthelmy, S. D., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Batch, J. C., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Bazzan, M., Bécsy, B., Beer, C., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bell, A. S., Berger, B. K., Bergmann, G., Bero, J. J., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhagwat, S., Bhandare, R., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Billman, C. R., Birch, J., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Biwer, C., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blackman, J., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bloemen, S., Bock, O., Bode, N., Boer, M., Bogaert, G., Bohe, A., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonnand, R., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossie, K., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Broida, J. E., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Buchanan, C. C., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Canizares, P., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, J., Capano, C. D., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Carney, M. F., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cepeda, C. B., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, D., Chatziioannou, K., Cheeseboro, B. D., Chen, H. Y., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, H.-P., Chia, H., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Chmiel, T., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Chow, J. H., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, A. J. K., Chua, S., Chung, A. K. W., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Ciolfi, R., Cirelli, C. E., Cirone, A., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clearwater, P., Cleva, F., Cocchieri, C., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P.-F., Cohen, D., Colla, A., Collette, C. G., Cominsky, L. R., Jr., M. Constancio, Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J.-P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Covas, P. B., Cowan, E. E., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cripe, J., Crowder, S. G., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Canton, T. Dal, Dálya, G., Danilishin, S. L., D’Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dasgupta, A., Da Silva Costa, C. F., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davis, D., Daw, E. J., Day, B., De, S., DeBra, D., Degallaix, J., Laurentis, M. De, Deléglise, S., Pozzo, W. Del, Demos, N., Denker, T., Dent, T., Pietri, R. De, Dergachev, V., Rosa, R. De, DeRosa, R. T., Rossi, C. De, DeSalvo, R., Varona, O. de, Devenson, J., Dhurandhar, S., Díaz, M. C., Fiore, L. Di, Giovanni, M. Di, Girolamo, T. Di, Lieto, A. Di, Pace, S. Di, Palma, I. Di, Renzo, F. Di, Doctor, Z., Dolique, V., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorrington, I., Douglas, R., Álvarez, M. Dovale, Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Dreissigacker, C., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducrot, M., Dupej, P., Dwyer, S. E., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Eisenstein, R. A., Essick, R. C., Estevez, D., Etienne, Z. B., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Factourovich, M., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fee, C., Fehrmann, H., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Fernandez-Galiana, A., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Finstad, D., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fitz-Axen, M., Flaminio, R., Fletcher, M., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Forsyth, P. W. F., Forsyth, S. S., Fournier, J.-D., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Frey, V., Fries, E. M., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H., Gadre, B. U., Gaebel, S. M., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Ganija, M. R., Gaonkar, S. G., Garcia-Quiros, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gaudio, S., Gaur, G., Gayathri, V., Gehrels, N., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., George, D., George, J., Gergely, L., Germain, V., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, S., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, K., Glover, L., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Gomes, S., Goncharov, B., González, G., Castro, J. M. Gonzalez, Gopakumar, A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Grado, A., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Gray, C., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Gretarsson, E. M., Griswold, B., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Guidi, G. M., Guo, X., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gushwa, K. E., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Halim, O., Hall, B. R., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Haney, M., Hanke, M. M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O. A., Hanson, J., Hardwick, T., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hart, M. J., Haster, C.-J., Haughian, K., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennig, J., Heptonstall, A. W., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hinderer, T., Hoak, D., Hofman, D., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hopkins, P., Horst, C., Hough, J., Houston, E. A., Howell, E. J., Hreibi, A., Hu, Y. M., Huerta, E. A., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh-Dinh, T., Indik, N., Inta, R., Intini, G., Isa, H. N., Isac, J.-M., Isi, M., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacqmin, T., Jani, K., Jaranowski, P., Jawahar, S., Jiménez-Forteza, F., Johnson, W. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Junker, J., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kamai, B., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kapadia, S. J., Karki, S., Karvinen, K. S., Kasprzack, M., Katolik, M., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kawabe, K., Kéfélian, F., Keitel, D., Kemball, A. J., Kennedy, R., Kent, C., Key, J. S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khan, Z., Khazanov, E. A., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, Chunglee, Kim, J. C., Kim, K., Kim, W., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y.-M., Kimbrell, S. J., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Kleybolte, L., Klimenko, S., Knowles, T. D., Koch, P., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Kontos, A., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Krämer, C., Kringel, V., Krishnan, B., Królak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kumar, S., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Kwang, S., Lackey, B. D., Lai, K. H., Landry, M., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., Lanza, R. K., Larson, S. L., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, K., Lehmann, J., Lenon, A., Leonardi, M., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Li, T. G. F., Linker, S. D., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, J., Lo, R. K. L., Lockerbie, N. A., London, L. T., Lord, J. E., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lück, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Macas, R., Macfoy, S., Machenschalk, B., MacInnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Hernandez, I. Magaña, Magaña-Sandoval, F., Zertuche, L. Magaña, Magee, R. M., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsh, P., Martelli, F., Martellini, L., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martynov, D. V., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McCormick, S., McCuller, L., McGuire, S. C., McIntyre, G., McIver, J., McManus, D. J., McNeill, L., McRae, T., McWilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Meidam, J., Mejuto-Villa, E., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Merilh, E. L., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Metzdorff, R., Meyers, P. M., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Miller, B. B., Miller, J., Millhouse, M., Milovich-Goff, M. C., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Ming, J., Mishra, C., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Moffa, D., Moggi, A., Mogushi, K., Mohan, M., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morriss, S. R., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mueller, G., Muir, A. W., Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muñiz, E. A., Muratore, M., Murray, P. G., Napier, K., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Nevin, L., Newport, J. M., Newton, G., Ng, K. K. Y., Nguyen, P., Nguyen, T. T., Nichols, D., Nielsen, A. B., Nissanke, S., Nitz, A., Noack, A., Nocera, F., Nolting, D., North, C., Nuttall, L. K., Oberling, J., O’Dea, G. D., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Okada, M. A., Oliver, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, Richard J., O’Reilly, B., Ormiston, R., Ortega, L. F., O’Shaughnessy, R., Ossokine, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pace, A. E., Page, J., Page, M. A., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, Howard, Pan, Huang-Wei, Pang, B., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Papa, M. A., Parida, A., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patil, M., Patricelli, B., Pearlstone, B. L., Pedraza, M., Pedurand, R., Pekowsky, L., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perez, C. J., Perreca, A., Perri, L. M., Pfeiffer, H. P., Phelps, M., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M., Poe, M., Poggiani, R., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Post, A., Powell, J., Prasad, J., Pratt, J. W. W., Pratten, G., Predoi, V., Prestegard, T., Price, L. R., Prijatelj, M., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L. G., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rajbhandari, B., Rakhmanov, M., Ramirez, K. E., Ramos-Buades, A., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Read, J., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ren, W., Reyes, S. D., Ricci, F., Ricker, P. M., Rieger, S., Riles, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romie, J. H., Rosińska, D., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rüdiger, A., Ruggi, P., Rutins, G., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadeghian, L., Sakellariadou, M., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Samajdar, A., Sammut, L., Sampson, L. M., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J. R., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Sawadsky, A., Schale, P., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schmidt, J., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schönbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schuette, D., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwalbe, S. G., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seidel, E., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Shaddock, D. A., Shaffer, T. J., Shah, A. A., Shahriar, M. S., Shaner, M. B., Shao, L., Shapiro, B., Shawhan, P., Sheperd, A., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Siellez, K., Siemens, X., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silva, A. D., Singer, L. P., Singh, A., Singhal, A., Sintes, A. M., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Smith, B., Smith, J. R., Smith, R. J. E., Somala, S., Son, E. J., Sonnenberg, J. A., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Souradeep, T., Spencer, A. P., Srivastava, A. K., Staats, K., Staley, A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stevenson, S. P., Stone, R., Stops, D. J., Strain, K. A., Stratta, G., Strigin, S. E., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Tait, S. C., Talbot, C., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tápai, M., Taracchini, A., Tasson, J. D., Taylor, J. A., Taylor, R., Tewari, S. V., Theeg, T., Thies, F., Thomas, E. G., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thorne, K. A., Thorne, K. S., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K. V., Toland, K., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Töyrä, D., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trinastic, J., Tringali, M. C., Trozzo, L., Tsang, K. W., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tuyenbayev, D., Ueno, K., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Bakel, N. van, Beuzekom, M. van, van den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Schaaf, L., Heijningen, J. V. van, Veggel, A. A. van, Vardaro, M., Varma, V., Vass, S., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Viets, A. D., Vinciguerra, S., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J.-Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Walet, R., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Y. F., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Wei, L.-W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wen, L., Wessel, E. K., Wessels, P., Westerweck, J., Westphal, T., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whitcomb, S. E., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D., Williams, D., Williams, R. D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M. H., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J., Wong, K. W. K., Worden, J., Wright, J. L., Wu, D. S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, S., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yang, L., Yap, M. J., Yazback, M., Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Yvert, M., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J.-P., Zevin, M., Zhang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y.-H., Zhao, C., Zhou, M., Zhou, Z., Zhu, S. J., Zhu, X. J., Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Wilson-Hodge, C. A., Bissaldi, E., Blackburn, L., Briggs, M. S., Burns, E., Cleveland, W. H., Connaughton, V., Gibby, M. H., Giles, M. M, Goldstein, A., Hamburg, R., Jenke, P., Hui, C. M., Kippen, R. M., Kocevski, D., McBreen, S., Meegan, C. A., Paciesas, W. S., Poolakkil, S., Preece, R. D., Racusin, J., Roberts, O. J., Stanbro, M., Veres, P., von Kienlin, A., Savchenko, V., Ferrigno, C., Kuulkers, E., Bazzano, A., Bozzo, E., Brandt, S., Chenevez, J., Courvoisier, T. J.-L., Diehl, R., Domingo, A., Hanlon, L., Jourdain, E., Laurent, P., Lebrun, F., Lutovinov, A., Martin-Carrillo, A., Mereghetti, S., Natalucci, L., Rodi, J., Roques, J.-P., Sunyaev, R., Ubertini, P., Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., Samarai, I. Al, Altmann, D., Andeen, K., Anderson, T., Ansseau, I., Anton, G., Argüelles, C., Auffenberg, J., Axani, S., Bagherpour, H., Bai, X., Barron, J. P., Barwick, S. W., Baum, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Binder, G., Bindig, D., Blaufuss, E., Blot, S., Bohm, C., Börner, M., Bos, F., Bose, D., Böser, S., Botner, O., Bourbeau, E., Bourbeau, J., Bradascio, F., Braun, J., Brayeur, L., Brenzke, M., Bretz, H.-P., Bron, S., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Burgman, A., Carver, T., Casey, J., Casier, M., Cheung, E., Chirkin, D., Christov, A., Clark, K., Classen, L., Coenders, S., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Cowen, D. F., Cross, R., Day, M., André, J. P. A. M. de, Clercq, C. De, DeLaunay, J. J., Dembinski, H., Ridder, S. De, Desiati, P., Vries, K. D. de, Wasseige, G. de, With, M. de, DeYoung, T., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Lorenzo, V. di, Dujmovic, H., Dumm, J. P., Dunkman, M., Dvorak, E., Eberhardt, B., Ehrhardt, T., Eichmann, B., Eller, P., Evenson, P. A., Fahey, S., Fazely, A. R., Felde, J., Filimonov, K., Finley, C., Flis, S., Franckowiak, A., Friedman, E., Fuchs, T., Gaisser, T. K., Gallagher, J., Gerhardt, L., Ghorbani, K., Giang, W., Glauch, T., Glüsenkamp, T., Goldschmidt, A., Gonzalez, J. G., Grant, D., Griffith, Z., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halzen, F., Hanson, K., Hebecker, D., Heereman, D., Helbing, K., Hellauer, R., Hickford, S., Hignight, J., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hoffmann, R., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hoshina, K., Huang, F., Huber, M., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., In, S., Ishihara, A., Jacobi, E., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jero, K., Jones, B. J. P., Kalaczynski, P., Kang, W., Kappes, A., Karg, T., Karle, A., Kauer, M., Keivani, A., Kelley, J. L., Kheirandish, A., Kim, J., Kim, M., Kintscher, T., Kiryluk, J., Kittler, T., Klein, S. R., Kohnen, G., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Kopper, S., Koschinsky, J. P., Koskinen, D. J., Kowalski, M., Krings, K., Kroll, M., Krückl, G., Kunnen, J., Kunwar, S., Kurahashi, N., Kuwabara, T., Kyriacou, A., Labare, M., Lanfranchi, J. L., Larson, M. J., Lauber, F., Lesiak-Bzdak, M., Leuermann, M., Liu, Q. R., Lu, L., Lünemann, J., Luszczak, W., Madsen, J., Maggi, G., Mahn, K. B. M., Mancina, S., Maruyama, R., Mase, K., Maunu, R., McNally, F., Meagher, K., Medici, M., Meier, M., Menne, T., Merino, G., Meures, T., Miarecki, S., Micallef, J., Momenté, G., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Moulai, M., Nahnhauer, R., Nakarmi, P., Naumann, U., Neer, G., Niederhausen, H., Nowicki, S. C., Nygren, D. R., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, Olivas, A., O’Murchadha, A., Palczewski, T., Pandya, H., Pankova, D. V., Peiffer, P., Pepper, J. A., Pérez de los Heros, C., Pieloth, D., Pinat, E., Price, P. B., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Rädel, L., Rameez, M., Rawlins, K., Rea, I. C., Reimann, R., Relethford, B., Relich, M., Resconi, E., Rhode, W., Richman, M., Robertson, S., Rongen, M., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ryckbosch, D., Rysewyk, D., Sälzer, T., Herrera, S. E. Sanchez, Sandrock, A., Sandroos, J., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Schlunder, P., Schmidt, T., Schneider, A., Schoenen, S., Schöneberg, S., Schumacher, L., Seckel, D., Seunarine, S., Soedingrekso, J., Soldin, D., Song, M., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stachurska, J., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stasik, A., Stettner, J., Steuer, A., Stezelberger, T., Stokstad, R. G., Stössl, A., Strotjohann, N. L., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Sutherland, M., Taboada, I., Tatar, J., Tenholt, F., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Tešić, G., Tilav, S., Toale, P. A., Tobin, M. N., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Tselengidou, M., Tung, C. F., Turcati, A., Turley, C. F., Ty, B., Unger, E., Usner, M., Vandenbroucke, J., Driessche, W. Van, Eijndhoven, N. van, Vanheule, S., Santen, J. van, Vehring, M., Vogel, E., Vraeghe, M., Walck, C., Wallace, A., Wallraff, M., Wandler, F. D., Wandkowsky, N., Waza, A., Weaver, C., Weiss, M. J., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Whelan, B. J., Wiebe, K., Wiebusch, C. H., Wille, L., Williams, D. R., Wills, L., Wolf, M., Wood, T. R., Woolsey, E., Woschnagg, K., Xu, D. L., Xu, X. W., Xu, Y., Yanez, J. P., Yodh, G., Yoshida, S., Yuan, T., Zoll, M., Balasubramanian, A., Mate, S., Bhalerao, V., Bhattacharya, D., Vibhute, A., Dewangan, G. C., Rao, A. R., Vadawale, S. V., Svinkin, D. S., Hurley, K., Aptekar, R. L., Frederiks, D. D., Golenetskii, S. V., Kozlova, A. V., Lysenko, A. L., Oleynik, Ph. P., Tsvetkova, A. E., Ulanov, M. V., Cline, T., Li, T. P., Xiong, S. L., Zhang, S. N., Lu, F. J., Song, L. M., Cao, X. L., Chang, Z., Chen, G., Chen, L., Chen, T. X., Chen, Y. B., Chen, Y. P., Cui, W., Cui, W. W., Deng, J. K., Dong, Y. W., Du, Y. Y., Fu, M. X., Gao, G. H., Gao, H., Gao, M., Ge, M. Y., Gu, Y. D., Guan, J., Guo, C. C., Han, D. W., Hu, W., Huang, Y., Huo, J., Jia, S. M., Jiang, L. H., Jiang, W. C., Jin, J., Jin, Y. J., Li, B., Li, C. K., Li, G., Li, M. S., Li, W., Li, X., Li, X. B., Li, X. F., Li, Y. G., Li, Z. J., Li, Z. W., Liang, X. H., Liao, J. Y., Liu, C. Z., Liu, G. Q., Liu, H. W., Liu, S. Z., Liu, X. J., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, B., Lu, X. F., Luo, T., Ma, X., Meng, B., Nang, Y., Nie, J. Y., Ou, G., Qu, J. L., Sai, N., Tan, Y., Tao, L., Tao, W. H., Tuo, Y. L., Wang, G. F., Wang, H. Y., Wang, J., Wang, W. S., Wang, Y. S., Wen, X. Y., Wu, B. B., Wu, M., Xiao, G. C., Xu, H., Xu, Y. P., Yan, L. L., Yang, J. W., Yang, S., Yang, Y. J., Zhang, A. M., Zhang, C. L., Zhang, C. M., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J., Zhang, Q., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, W. C., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. L., Zhao, H. S., Zhao, J. L., Zhao, X. F., Zheng, S. J., Zhu, Y., Zhu, Y. X., Zou, C. L., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., Aublin, J., Avgitas, T., Baret, B., Barrios-Martí, J., Basa, S., Belhorma, B., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Bormuth, R., Bourret, S., Bouwhuis, M. C., Brânzaş, H., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Busto, J., Capone, A., Caramete, L., Carr, J., Celli, S., Cherkaoui El Moursli, R., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Coniglione, R., Costantini, H., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Díaz, A. F., Deschamps, A., Bonis, G. De, Distefano, C., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Drouhin, D., Eberl, T., El Bojaddaini, I., El Khayati, N., Elsässer, D., Enzenhöfer, A., Ettahiri, A., Fassi, F., Felis, I., Fusco, L. A., Gay, P., Giordano, V., Glotin, H., Grégoire, T., Ruiz, R. Gracia, Graf, K., Hallmann, S., Haren, H. van, Heijboer, A. J., Hello, Y., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Hössl, J., Hofestädt, J., Hugon, C., Illuminati, G., James, C. W., Jong, M. de, Jongen, M., Kadler, M., Kalekin, O., Katz, U., Kiessling, D., Kouchner, A., Kreter, M., Kreykenbohm, I., Kulikovskiy, V., Lachaud, C., Lahmann, R., Lefèvre, D., Leonora, E., Lotze, M., Loucatos, S., Marcelin, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Mele, R., Melis, K., Michael, T., Migliozzi, P., Moussa, A., Navas, S., Nezri, E., Organokov, M., Păvălaş, G. E., Pellegrino, C., Perrina, C., Piattelli, P., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Quinn, L., Racca, C., Riccobene, G., Sánchez-Losa, A., Saldaña, M., Salvadori, I., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sanguineti, M., Sapienza, P., Sieger, C., Spurio, M., Stolarczyk, Th., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Trovato, A., Turpin, D., Tönnis, C., Vallage, B., Elewyck, V. Van, Versari, F., Vivolo, D., Vizzoca, A., Wilms, J., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., Beardmore, A. P., Breeveld, A. A., Burrows, D. N., Cenko, S. B., Cusumano, G., D’Aì, A., de Pasquale, M., Emery, S. W. K., Evans, P. A., Giommi, P., Gronwall, C., Kennea, J. A., Krimm, H. A., Kuin, N. P. M., Lien, A., Marshall, F. E., Melandri, A., Nousek, J. A., Oates, S. R., Osborne, J. P., Pagani, C., Page, K. L., Palmer, D. M., Perri, M., Siegel, M. H., Sbarufatti, B., Tagliaferri, G., Tohuvavohu, A., Tavani, M., Verrecchia, F., Bulgarelli, A., Evangelista, Y., Pacciani, L., Feroci, M., Pittori, C., Giuliani, A., Monte, E. Del, Donnarumma, I., Argan, A., Trois, A., Ursi, A., Cardillo, M., Piano, G., Longo, F., Lucarelli, F., Munar-Adrover, P., Fuschino, F., Labanti, C., Marisaldi, M., Minervini, G., Fioretti, V., Parmiggiani, N., Gianotti, F., Trifoglio, M., Persio, G. Di, Antonelli, L. A., Barbiellini, G., Caraveo, P., Cattaneo, P. W., Costa, E., Colafrancesco, S., D’Amico, F., Ferrari, A., Morselli, A., Picozza, P., Pilia, M., Rappoldi, A., Soffitta, P., Vercellone, S., Foley, R. J., Coulter, D. A., Kilpatrick, C. D., Drout, M. R., Piro, A. L., Shappee, B. J., Siebert, M. R., Simon, J. D., Ulloa, N., Kasen, D., Madore, B. F., Murguia-Berthier, A., Pan, Y.-C., Prochaska, J. X., Ramirez-Ruiz, E., Rest, A., Rojas-Bravo, C., Berger, E., Soares-Santos, M., Annis, J., Alexander, K. D., Allam, S., Balbinot, E., Blanchard, P., Brout, D., Butler, R. E., Chornock, R., Cook, E. R., Cowperthwaite, P., Diehl, H. T., Drlica-Wagner, A., Durret, F., Eftekhari, T., Finley, D. A., Fong, W., Frieman, J. A., Fryer, C. L., García-Bellido, J., Gruendl, R. A., Hartley, W., Herner, K., Kessler, R., Lin, H., Lopes, P. A. A., Lourenço, A. C. C., Margutti, R., Marshall, J. L., Matheson, T., Medina, G. E., Metzger, B. D., Muñoz, R. R., Muir, J., Nicholl, M., Nugent, P., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Quataert, E., Sako, M., Sauseda, M., Schlegel, D. J., Scolnic, D., Secco, L. F., Smith, N., Sobreira, F., Villar, V. A., Vivas, A. K., Wester, W., Williams, P. K. G., Yanny, B., Zenteno, A., Abbott, T. M. C., Banerji, M., Bechtol, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Capozzi, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Castander, F. J., Crocce, M., Cunha, C. E., D’Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Davis, C., DePoy, D. L., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Eifler, T. F., Fernandez, E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giannantonio, T., Goldstein, D. A., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Johnson, M. W. G., Johnson, M. D., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kron, R., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Martini, P., McMahon, R. G., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Ogando, R. L. C., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rykoff, E. S., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schindler, R., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sheldon, E., Smith, M., Smith, R. C., Stebbins, A., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, R. C., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Vikram, V., Walker, A. R., Wechsler, R. H., Weller, J., Carlin, J. L., Gill, M. S. S., Li, T. S., Marriner, J., Neilsen, E., Haislip, J. B., Kouprianov, V. V., Reichart, D. E., Sand, D. J., Tartaglia, L., Valenti, S., Benetti, S., Brocato, E., Campana, S., Cappellaro, E., Covino, S., D’Avanzo, P., D’Elia, V., Getman, F., Ghirlanda, G., Ghisellini, G., Limatola, L., Nicastro, L., Palazzi, E., Pian, E., Piranomonte, S., Possenti, A., Rossi, A., Salafia, O. S., Tomasella, L., Amati, L., Bernardini, M. G., Bufano, F., Capaccioli, M., Casella, P., Dadina, M., Cesare, G. De, Paola, A. Di, Giuffrida, G., Giunta, A., Israel, G. L., Lisi, M., Maiorano, E., Mapelli, M., Masetti, N., Pescalli, A., Pulone, L., Salvaterra, R., Schipani, P., Spera, M., Stamerra, A., Stella, L., Testa, V., Turatto, M., Vergani, D., Aresu, G., Bachetti, M., Buffa, F., Burgay, M., Buttu, M., Caria, T., Carretti, E., Casasola, V., Castangia, P., Carboni, G., Casu, S., Concu, R., Corongiu, A., Deiana, G. L., Egron, E., Fara, A., Gaudiomonte, F., Gusai, V., Ladu, A., Loru, S., Leurini, S., Marongiu, L., Melis, A., Melis, G., Migoni, Carlo, Milia, Sabrina, Navarrini, Alessandro, Orlati, A., Ortu, P., Palmas, S., Pellizzoni, A., Perrodin, D., Pisanu, T., Poppi, S., Righini, S., Saba, A., Serra, G., Serrau, M., Stagni, M., Surcis, G., Vacca, V., Vargiu, G. P., Hunt, L. K., Jin, Z. P., Klose, S., Kouveliotou, C., Mazzali, P. A., Møller, P., Nava, L., Piran, T., Selsing, J., Vergani, S. D., Wiersema, K., Toma, K., Higgins, A. B., Mundell, C. G., di Serego Alighieri, S., Gótz, D., Gao, W., Gomboc, A., Kaper, L., Kobayashi, S., Kopac, D., Mao, J., Starling, R. L. C., Steele, I., van der Horst, A. J., Acero, F., Atwood, W. B., Baldini, L., Bastieri, D., Berenji, B., Bellazzini, R., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Bregeon, J., Buehler, R., Buson, S., Cameron, R. A., Caputo, R., Caraveo, P. A., Cavazzuti, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C. C., Chiang, J., Ciprini, S., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Costantin, D., Cuoco, A., D'Ammando, F., Palma, F. de, Digel, S. W., Lalla, N. Di, Mauro, M. Di, Venere, L. Di, Dubois, R., Fegan, S. J., Focke, W. B., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Green, D., Grondin, M.-H., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Harding, A. K., Horan, D., Jóhannesson, G., Kamae, T., Kensei, S., Kuss, M., Mura, G. La, Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M. N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J. D., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mazziotta, M. N., McEnery, J. E., Meyer, M., Michelson, P. F., Mirabal, N., Monzani, M. E., Moretti, E., Moskalenko, I. V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ojha, R., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orlando, E., Palatiello, M., Paliya, V. S., Paneque, D., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T. A., Principe, G., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Rochester, L. S., Parkinson, P. M. Saz, Sgrò, C., Siskind, E. J., Spada, F., Spandre, G., Suson, D. J., Takahashi, M., Tanaka, Y., Thayer, J. G., Thayer, J. B., Thompson, D. J., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Troja, E., Venters, T. M., Vianello, G., Zaharijas, G., Allison, J. R., Bannister, K. W., Dobie, D., Kaplan, D. L., Lenc, E., Lynch, C., Murphy, T., Sadler, E. M., Hotan, A., Oslowski, S., Raja, W., Shannon, R. M., Whiting, M., Arcavi, I., Howell, D. A., McCully, C., Hosseinzadeh, G., Hiramatsu, D., Poznanski, D., Barnes, J., Zaltzman, M., Vasylyev, S., Maoz, D., Cooke, J., Bailes, M., Wolf, C., Deller, A. T., Lidman, C., Wang, L., Gendre, B., Andreoni, I., Pritchard, T. A., Bessell, M. S., Chang, S.-W., Möller, A., Onken, C. A., Scalzo, R. A., Ridden-Harper, R., Sharp, R. G., Tucker, B. E., Farrell, T. J., Elmer, E., Johnston, S., Krishnan, V. Venkatraman, Keane, E. F., Green, J. A., Jameson, A., Hu, L., Ma, B., Sun, T., Wu, X., Wang, X., Shang, Z., Hu, Y., Ashley, M. C. B., Yuan, X., Tao, C., Zhu, Z., Zhang, H., Suntzeff, N. B., Zhou, J., Yang, J., Orange, B., Morris, D., Cucchiara, A., Giblin, T., Klotz, A., Staff, J., Thierry, P., Schmidt, B. P., Tanvir, N. R., Levan, A. J., Cano, Z., de Ugarte-Postigo, A., González-Fernández, C., Greiner, J., Hjorth, J., Irwin, M., Krühler, T., Mandel, I., Milvang-Jensen, B., O'Brien, P., Rol, E., Rosetti, S., Rosswog, S., Rowlinson, A., Steeghs, D. T. H., Thöne, C. C., Ulaczyk, K., Watson, D., Bruun, S. H., Cutter, R., Figuera Jaimes, R., Fujii, Y. I., Fruchter, A. S., Gompertz, B., Jakobsson, P., Hodosan, G., Jèrgensen, U. G., Kangas, T., Kann, D. A., Rabus, M., Schrøder, S. L., Stanway, E. R., Wijers, R. A. M. J., Lipunov, V. M., Gorbovskoy, E. S., Kornilov, V. G., Tyurina, N. V., Balanutsa, P. V., Kuznetsov, A. S., Vlasenko, D. M., Podesta, R. C., Lopez, C., Podesta, F., Levato, H. O., Saffe, C., Mallamaci, C. C., Budnev, N. M., Gress, O. A., Kuvshinov, D. A., Gorbunov, I. A., Vladimirov, V. V., Zimnukhov, D. S., Gabovich, A. V., Yurkov, V. V., Sergienko, Yu. P., Rebolo, R., Serra-Ricart, M., Tlatov, A. G., Ishmuhametova, Yu. V., Abe, F., Aoki, K., Aoki, W., Asakura, Y., Baar, S., Barway, S., Bond, I. A., Doi, M., Finet, F., Fujiyoshi, T., Furusawa, H., Honda, S., Itoh, R., Kanda, N., Kawabata, K. S., Kawabata, M., Kim, J. H., Koshida, S., Kuroda, D., Lee, C.-H., Liu, W., Matsubayashi, K., Miyazaki, S., Morihana, K., Morokuma, T., Motohara, K., Murata, K. L., Nagai, H., Nagashima, H., Nagayama, T., Nakaoka, T., Nakata, F., Ohsawa, R., Ohshima, T., Ohta, K., Okita, H., Saito, T., Saito, Y., Sako, S., Sekiguchi, Y., Sumi, T., Tajitsu, A., Takahashi, J., Takayama, M., Tamura, Y., Tanaka, I., Tanaka, M., Terai, T., Tominaga, N., Tristram, P. J., Uemura, M., Utsumi, Y., Yamaguchi, M. S., Yasuda, N., Yoshida, M., Zenko, T., Adams, S. M., Anupama, G. C., Bally, J., Bellm, E., Blagorodnova, N., Cannella, C., Chandra, P., Clarke, T. E., Cobb, B. E., Cook, D. O., Copperwheat, C., De, K., Feindt, U., Foster, K., Fox, O. D., Frail, D. A., Fremling, C., Frohmaier, C., Garcia, J. A., Giacintucci, S., Goobar, A., Gottlieb, O., Grefenstette, B. W., Hallinan, G., Harrison, F., Heida, M., Helou, G., Ho, A. Y. Q., Horesh, A., Hotokezaka, K., Ip, W.-H., Jacobs, Bob, Jencson, J. E., Kasliwal, M. M., Kassim, N. E., Kim, H., Kiran, B. S., Kulkarni, S. R., Kupfer, T., Lau, R. M., Madsen, K., Miller, A. A., Miyasaka, H, Mooley, K., Myers, S. T., Nakar, E., Ngeow, C.-C., Ofek, E. O., Palliyaguru, N., Pavana, M., Perley, D. A., Peters, W. M., Pike, S., Quimby, R. M., Rana, J., Rusu, F., Sistine, A. Van, Sollerman, J., Yan, L., Yatsu, Y., Yu, P.-C., Zhang, C., Zhao, W., Chambers, K. C., Huber, M. E., Schultz, A. S. B., Bulger, J., Flewelling, H., Magnier, E. A., Lowe, T. B., Wainscoat, R. J., Waters, C., Willman, M., Ebisawa, K., Hanyu, C., Harita, S., Hashimoto, T., Hidaka, K., Hori, T., Ishikawa, M., Isobe, N., Iwakiri, W., Kawai, H., Kawai, N., Kawamuro, T., Kawase, T., Kitaoka, Y., Makishima, K., Matsuoka, M., Mihara, T., Morita, T., Morita, K., Nakahira, S., Nakajima, M., Nakamura, Y., Negoro, H., Oda, S., Sakamaki, A., Sasaki, R., Serino, M., Shidatsu, M., Shimomukai, R., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Sugizaki, M., Tachibana, Y., Takao, Y., Tanimoto, A., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsunemi, H., Ueda, Y., Ueno, S., Yamada, S., Yamaoka, K., Yamauchi, M., Yatabe, F., Yoneyama, T., Yoshii, T., Crisp, H., Macpherson, D., Laugier, R., Noysena, K., Im, M., Choi, C., Yoon, Y., Lim, G., Lee, S.-K., Lee, C.-U., Kim, S.-L., Ko, S.-W., Joe, J., Kwon, M.-K., Kim, P.-J., Lim, S.-K., Choi, J.-S., Fynbo, J. P. U., Malesani, D., Xu, D., Smartt, S. J., Jerkstrand, A., Kankare, E., Sim, S. A., Fraser, M., Inserra, C., Maguire, K., Leloudas, G., Magee, M., Shingles, L. J., Smith, K. W., Young, D. R., Kotak, R., Gal-Yam, A., Lyman, J. D., Homan, D. S., Agliozzo, C., Anderson, J. P., Angus, C. R., Ashall, C., Barbarino, C., Bauer, F. E., Berton, M., Botticella, M. T., Bulla, M., Cannizzaro, G., Cartier, R., Cikota, A., Clark, P., De Cia, A., Della Valle, M., Dennefeld, M., Dessart, L., Dimitriadis, G., Elias-Rosa, N., Firth, R. E., Flörs, A., Galbany, L., González-Gaitán, S., Gromadzki, M., Gutiérrez, C. P., Hamanowicz, A., Harmanen, J., Heintz, K. E., Hernandez, M.-S., Hodgkin, S. T., Hook, I. M., Izzo, L., James, P. A., Jonker, P. G., Kerzendorf, W. E., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Kromer, M., Kuncarayakti, H., Lawrence, A., Manulis, I., Mattila, S., McBrien, O., Müller, A., Nordin, J., O'Neill, D., Onori, F., Palmerio, J. T., Pastorello, A., Patat, F., Pignata, G., Podsiadlowski, P., Razza, A., Reynolds, T., Roy, R., Ruiter, A. J., Rybicki, K. A., Salmon, L., Pumo, M. L., Prentice, S. J., Seitenzahl, I. R., Sullivan, M., Szegedi, H., Taddia, F., Taubenberger, S., Terreran, G., Van Soelen, B., Vos, J., Walton, N. A., Wright, D. E., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Yaron, O., Chen, T.-W., Schady, P., Wiseman, P., Rau, A., Schweyer, T., Nicuesa Guelbenzu, A., Palliyaguru, N. T., Shara, M. M., Williams, T., Vaisanen, P., Potter, S. B., Colmenero, E. Romero, Crawford, S., Buckley, D. A. H., Macri, L. M., García Lambas, D., Mendes de Oliveira, C., Nilo Castellón, J. L., Ribeiro, T., Sánchez, B., Schoenell, W., Abramo, L. R., Akras, S., Alcaniz, J. S., Artola, R., Beroiz, M., Bonoli, S., Cabral, J., Camuccio, R., Chavushyan, V., Coelho, P., Colazo, C., Costa-Duarte, M. V., Cuevas Larenas, H., Domínguez Romero, M., Dultzin, D., Fernández, D., García, J., Girardini, C., Gonçalves, D. R., Gonçalves, T. S., Gurovich, S., Jiménez-Teja, Y., Kanaan, A., Lares, M., Lopes de Oliveira, R., López-Cruz, O., Melia, R., Molino, A., Padilla, N., Peñuela, T., Placco, V. M., Quiñones, C., Ramírez Rivera, A., Renzi, V., Riguccini, L., Ríos-López, E., Rodriguez, H., Sampedro, L., Schneiter, M., Sodré, L., Starck, M., Torres-Flores, S., Tornatore, M., Castillo, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Tello, J. C., Hu, Y.-D., Zhang, B.-B., Cunniffe, R., Castellón, A., Hiriart, D., Caballero-García, M. D., Jelínek, M., Kubánek, P., Pérez del Pulgar, C., Park, I. H., Jeong, S., Castro Cerón, J. M., Pandey, S. B., Yock, P. C., Querel, R., Fan, Y., Wang, C., Beardsley, A, Brown, I. S., Crosse, B., Emrich, D., Franzen, T., Gaensler, B. M., Horsley, L., Johnston-Hollitt, M., Kenney, D., Morales, M. F., Pallot, D., Sokolowski, M., Steele, K., Tingay, S. J., Trott, C. M., Wayth, R., Williams, A., Wu, C., Yoshida, A., Sakamoto, T., Kawakubo, Y., Takahashi, I., Asaoka, Y., Ozawa, S., Torii, S., Shimizu, Y., Tamura, T., Ishizaki, W., Cherry, M. L., Ricciarini, S., Penacchioni, A. V., Marrocchesi, P. S., Pozanenko, A. S., Volnova, A. A., Mazaeva, E. D., Minaev, P. Yu., Krugov, M. A., Kusakin, A. V., Reva, I. V., Moskvitin, A. S., Rumyantsev, V. V., Inasaridze, R., Klunko, E. V., Tungalag, N., Schmalz, S. E., Burhonov, O., Abdalla, H., Abramowski, A., Aharonian, F., Benkhali, F. Ait, Angüner, E. O., Arakawa, M., Arrieta, M., Aubert, P., Backes, M., Balzer, A., Barnard, M., Becherini, Y., Berge, D., Bernhard, S., Bernlöhr, K., Blackwell, R., Böttcher, M., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnefoy, S., Bordas, P., Brun, F., Brun, P., Bryan, M., Büchele, M., Capasso, M., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Casanova, S., Cerruti, M., Chakraborty, N., Chaves, R. C. G., Chen, A., Chevalier, J., Condon, B., Conrad, J., Davids, I. D., Decock, J., Deil, C., Devin, J., deWilt, P., Dirson, L., Djannati-Ataï, A., Donath, A., O'C. Drury, L., Dutson, K., Dyks, J., Edwards, T., Egberts, K., Emery, G., Ernenwein, J.-P., Eschbach, S., Farnier, C., Fegan, S., Fernandes, M. V., Fiasson, A., Fontaine, G., Füssling, M., Gabici, S., Gallant, Y. A., Garrigoux, T., Gaté, F., Giavitto, G., Giebels, B., Glawion, D., Glicenstein, J. F., Gottschall, D., Hahn, J., Haupt, M., Hawkes, J., Heinzelmann, G., Henri, G., Hermann, G., Hinton, J. A., Hofmann, W., Hoischen, C., Holch, T. L., Holler, M., Horns, D., Ivascenko, A., Iwasaki, H., Jacholkowska, A., Jamrozy, M., Jankowsky, D., Jankowsky, F., Jingo, M., Jouvin, L., Jung-Richardt, I., Kastendieck, M. A., Katarzyński, K., Katsuragawa, M., Kerszberg, D., Khangulyan, D., Khélifi, B., King, J., Klepser, S., Klochkov, D., Kluźniak, W., Komin, Nu., Kosack, K., Krakau, S., Kraus, M., Krüger, P. P., Laffon, H., Lamanna, G., Lau, J., Lees, J.-P., Lefaucheur, J., Lemière, A., Lenain, J.-P., Leser, E., Lohse, T., Lorentz, M., Liu, R., Lypova, I., Malyshev, D., Marandon, V., Marcowith, A., Mariaud, C., Marx, R., Maurin, G., Maxted, N., Mayer, M., Meintjes, P. J., Mitchell, A. M. W., Moderski, R., Mohamed, M., Mohrmann, L., Morå, K., Moulin, E., Murach, T., Nakashima, S., Naurois, M. de, Ndiyavala, H., Niederwanger, F., Niemiec, J., Oakes, L., Odaka, H., Ohm, S., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Padovani, M., Panter, M., Parsons, R. D., Pekeur, N. W., Pelletier, G., Perennes, C., Petrucci, P.-O., Peyaud, B., Piel, Q., Pita, S., Poireau, V., Poon, H., Prokhorov, D., Prokoph, H., Pühlhofer, G., Punch, M., Quirrenbach, A., Raab, S., Rauth, R., Renaud, M., de los Reyes, R., Rieger, F., Rinchiuso, L., Romoli, C., Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Rulten, C. B., Sahakian, V., Saito, S., Sanchez, D. A., Santangelo, A., Sasaki, M., Schlickeiser, R., Schüssler, F., Schulz, A., Schwanke, U., Schwemmer, S., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Settimo, M., Seyffert, A. S., Shafi, N., Shilon, I., Shiningayamwe, K., Simoni, R., Sol, H., Spanier, F., Spir-Jacob, M., Stawarz, Ł., Steenkamp, R., Stegmann, C., Steppa, C., Sushch, I., Takahashi, T., Tavernet, J.-P., Tavernier, T., Taylor, A. M., Terrier, R., Tiziani, D., Tluczykont, M., Trichard, C., Tsirou, M., Tsuji, N., Tuffs, R., Uchiyama, Y., van der Walt, D. J., Eldik, C. van, Rensburg, C. van, Soelen, B. van, Vasileiadis, G., Veh, J., Venter, C., Viana, A., Vincent, P., Vink, J., Voisin, F., Völk, H. J., Vuillaume, T., Wadiasingh, Z., Wagner, S. J., Wagner, P., Wagner, R. M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Willmann, P., Wörnlein, A., Wouters, D., Yang, R., Zaborov, D., Zacharias, M., Zanin, R., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zefi, F., Ziegler, A., Zorn, J., Żywucka, N., Fender, R. P., Broderick, J. W., Stewart, A. J., ter Veen, S., Shulevski, A., Kavic, M., Simonetti, J. H., League, C., Tsai, J., Obenberger, K. S., Nathaniel, K., Taylor, G. B., Dowell, J. D., Liebling, S. L., Estes, J. A., Lippert, M., Sharma, I., Farella, B., Abeysekara, A. U., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arceo, R., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Avila Rojas, D., Ayala Solares, H. A., Barber, A. S., Becerra Gonzalez, J., Becerril, A., Belmont-Moreno, E., BenZvi, S. Y., Berley, D., Bernal, A., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., Coutiño de León, S., De León, C., De la Fuente, E., Diaz Hernandez, R., Dichiara, S., Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Ellsworth, R. W., Engel, K., Enríquez-Rivera, O., Fiorino, D. W., Fleischhack, H., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Gerhardt, M., Gonzõlez Muñoz, A., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Hampel-Arias, Z., Harding, J. P., Hernandez, S., Hernandez-Almada, A., Hona, B., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lara, A., Lauer, R. J., Lennarz, D., León Vargas, H., Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis Raya, G., Luna-García, R., López-Coto, R., Malone, K., Marinelli, S. S., Martinez, O., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Martínez-Castro, J., Martínez-Huerta, H., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Pelayo, R., Pretz, J., Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Ren, Z., Rho, C. D., Rivière, C., Rosa-González, D., Rosenberg, M., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salesa Greus, F., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schoorlemmer, H., Sinnis, G., Smith, A. J., Springer, R. W., Surajbali, P., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Ukwatta, T. N., Weisgarber, T., Westerhoff, S., Wisher, I. G., Wood, J., Yapici, T., Yodh, G. B., Younk, P. W., Zhou, H., Álvarez, J. D., Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Alvarez Castillo, J., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Arsene, N., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Barreira Luz, R. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Biteau, J., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Brancus, I., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caccianiga, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Chavez, A. G., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Clay, R. W., Cobos Cerutti, A. C., Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Collica, L., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Cronin, J., D'Amico, S., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., Almeida, R. M. de, Jong, S. J. de, Mauro, G. De, de Mello Neto, J. R. T., Mitri, I. De, Oliveira, J. de, Souza, V. de, Debatin, J., Deligny, O., Díaz Castro, M. L., Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Dos Anjos, R. C., Dova, M. T., Dundovic, A., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Erfani, M., Escobar, C. O., Espadanal, J., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Gaïor, R., García, B., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glaser, C., Golup, G., Gómez Berisso, M., Gómez Vitale, P. F., González, N., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grillo, A. F., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Herve, A. E., Hojvat, C., Holt, E., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, J., Kieckhafer, R. M., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Krohm, N., Kuempel, D., Kukec Mezek, G., Kunka, N., Kuotb Awad, A., Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., Lauscher, M., Legumina, R., Leigui de Oliveira, M. A., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Link, K., Lo Presti, D., Lopes, L., López, R., López Casado, A., Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Maris, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Martínez Bravo, O., Masías Meza, J. J., Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina, C., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K.-D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Morlino, G., Müller, A. L., Müller, G., Muller, M. A., Müller, S., Mussa, R., Naranjo, I., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Niemietz, L., Niggemann, T., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Núñez, L. A., Oikonomou, F., Olinto, A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pȩkala, J., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Pereira, L. A. S., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Phuntsok, J., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Plum, M., Poh, J., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Quel, E. J., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Ramos-Pollan, R., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., Rodrigues de Carvalho, W., Rodriguez Fernandez, G., Rodriguez Rojo, J., Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Saleh, A., Salina, G., Sánchez, F., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Segreto, A., Shadkam, A., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Sonntag, S., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Stolpovskiy, M., Strafella, F., Streich, A., Suarez, F., Suarez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Swain, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Taborda, O. A., Timmermans, C., Todero Peixoto, C. J., Tomankova, L., Tomé, B., Torralba Elipe, G., Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Valdés Galicia, J. F., Valiño, I., Valore, L., Aar, G. van, Bodegom, P. van, van den Berg, A. M., Vliet, A. van, Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vázquez, R. A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Vergara Quispe, I. D., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Wainberg, O., Walz, D., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiedeński, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zong, Z., Zuccarello, F., Kim, S., Schulze, S., Corral-Santana, J. M., de Gregorio-Monsalvo, I., González-López, J., Hartmann, D. H., Ishwara-Chandra, C. H., Martín, S., Mehner, A., Misra, K., Michałowski, M. J., Resmi, L., Paragi, Z., Agudo, I., An, T., Beswick, R., Casadio, C., Frey, S., Jonker, P., Kettenis, M., Marcote, B., Moldon, J., Szomoru, A., van Langevelde, H. J., Cwiek, A., Cwiok, M., Czyrkowski, H., Dabrowski, R., Kasprowicz, G., Mankiewicz, L., Nawrocki, K., Opiela, R., Piotrowski, L. W., Wrochna, G., Zaremba, M., Żarnecki, A. F., Haggard, D., Nynka, M., Ruan, J. J., Bland, P. A., Booler, T., Devillepoix, H. A. R., Gois, J. S. de, Hancock, P. J., Howie, R. M., Paxman, J., Sansom, E. K., Towner, M. C., Tonry, J., Coughlin, M., Stubbs, C. W., Denneau, L., Heinze, A., Stalder, B., Weiland, H., Eatough, R. P., Kramer, M., Kraus, A., Piro, L., González, J. Becerra, Butler, N. R., Khandrika, H. G., Kutyrev, A., Lee, W. H., Ricci, R., Ryan Jr., R. E., Sánchez-Ramírez, R., Veilleux, S., Watson, A. M., Wieringa, M. H., Burgess, J. M., Eerten, H. van, Fontes, C. J., Korobkin, O., Wollaeger, R. T., Camilo, F., Foley, A. R., Goedhart, S., Makhathini, S., Oozeer, N., Smirnov, O. M., and Woudt, P. A.
- Subjects
ddc - Published
- 2016
18. Structurally Divergent Lithium Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Reactions on Oxetan-3-ols: Synthesis of 3,3-Diaryloxetanes and 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans
- Author
-
Croft, RA, Mousseau, JJ, Choi, C, Bull, JA, Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC), Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (E, and The Royal Society
- Subjects
carbocations ,lithium ,oxetanes ,oxygen heterocycles ,General Chemistry ,03 Chemical Sciences ,homogeneous catalysis - Abstract
The first examples of 3,3-diaryloxetanes are prepared in a lithium-catalyzed and substrate dependent divergent Friedel–Crafts reaction. para-Selective Friedel–Crafts reactions of phenols using oxetan-3-ols afford 3,3-diaryloxetanes by displacement of the hydroxy group. These constitute new isosteres for benzophenones and diarylmethanes. Conversely, ortho-selective Friedel–Crafts reactions of phenols afford 3-aryl-3-hydroxymethyl-dihydrobenzofurans by tandem alkylation–ring opening; the outcome of the reaction diverging to structurally distinct products dependent on the substrate regioselectivity. Further reactivity of the oxetane products is demonstrated, suitable for incorporation into drug discovery efforts.
- Published
- 2016
19. Discovery of a Supercluster at $z\sim$0.91 and Testing the $��$CDM Cosmological Model
- Author
-
Kim, J. -W., Im, M., Lee, S. -K., Edge, A. C., Hyun, M., Kim, D., Choi, C., Hong, J., Jeon, Y., Jun, H. D., Karouzos, M., Kim, J. H., Kim, Y., Park, W. -K., Taak, Y. C., and Yoon, Y.
- Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics - Abstract
The $��$CDM cosmological model successfully reproduces many aspects of the galaxy and structure formation of the universe. However, the growth of large-scale structures (LSSs) in the early universe is not well tested yet with observational data. Here, we have utilized wide and deep optical--near-infrared data in order to search for distant galaxy clusters and superclusters ($0.8, Published in ApJL
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Effect of Extraction Solvent on the Bioactivity of an Herbal Formulation
- Author
-
Ka Ming Ng, Choi C. Lau, Kam Ming Ko, King Lau Chow, Kin N. Chan, and Karl Wah Keung Tsim
- Subjects
Solvent ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ethanol ,Chromatography ,chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Acetone ,General Chemistry ,Pharmacology ,Solubility ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Processing methods - Abstract
Zhikang Granules (ZKG) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription for the treatment of hyperlipidemia symptoms. In this study, the effect of extraction solvents—namely, acetone, ethanol, and water—on the recovery of a bioactive ingredient—namely, chrysophanol—and on the bioactivity of this herbal formulation was investigated. Although the solubility of chrysophanol is highest in acetone, the amount of chrysophanol extracted from Semen Cassiae is lowest in this solvent. Water was found to play an important role in the release of chrysophanol from Semen Cassiae. Two alternative ZKG processing methods are proposed based on the findings of bench-scale extraction tests. The resulting products were analyzed by both chemical analyses and biological assays. One of the products offered the same level of bioactivity while using only 10% of the original amount of Semen Cassiae.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Left-Right and Yin-Yang Balance of Biophoton Emission from Hands
- Author
-
Hyun-hee, Kwang-Sup Soh, Joon-Mo Yang, Yi Sh, Woo Wm, Yang Js, and Choi C
- Subjects
Dorsum ,Stroke patient ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Astrophysics ,Normal people ,Biophoton ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Acupuncture point ,Medicine ,business ,Palm ,Balance (ability) - Abstract
Yearlong measurements of biophotons from palm and back of hand of three healthy people were performed. The detection of biophoton was done with two photomultiplier tubes whose spectral range was from 300 nm to 650 nm. The measurement was done on a circular area of diameter 46 mm whose centers were at the acupuncture point Laogong (PC8) of a palm and the mid-point of a back, respectively. The emission rates from the dorsa showed strong seasonal dependence which is consistent with the active nature of Yang meridians, while the palm sides show less seasonal dependence as they belong to the passive Yin meridians. This could be quantified simply by the standard deviations from the yearly average: They were 47.6 counts per second (cps), 66.1 cps and 66.0 cps from the dorsa, and 23.8 cps, 29.7 cps and 30.4 cps from the palms of subject 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Biophoton emission revealed qualitative individual tendencies: The subjects 1 and 2 emitted more strongly from the left dorsa, while the subject 3 from the right dorsum. The left-right balance of biophoton emission was well kept for normal people, which is in contrast with the severe imbalance for some stroke patients. Thus biophoton measurement has a diagnostic potential that encourages more studies.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Functional screening of genes suppressing TRAIL-induced apoptosis: distinct inhibitory activities of Bcl-XL and Bcl-2
- Author
-
Kim, I-K, Jung, Y-K, Noh, D-Y, Song, Y-S, Choi, C-H, Oh, B-H, and Masuda, E S
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Programmed cell death ,Bcl-XL ,caspase ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Blotting, Western ,bcl-X Protein ,TRAIL ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Apoptosis ,Breast Neoplasms ,Bcl-xL ,Ligands ,Jurkat cells ,Membrane Potentials ,TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ,HeLa ,Jurkat Cells ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Testing ,fas Receptor ,Gene Library ,Membrane Glycoproteins ,biology ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Bcl-2 family ,Genetics and Genomics ,biology.organism_classification ,Immunohistochemistry ,Mitochondria ,functional screening ,Cytokine ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ,Oncology ,Cancer cell ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ,HeLa Cells - Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is known to selectively induce apoptosis in various tumour cells. However, downstream-signalling of TRAIL-receptor is not well defined. A functional genetic screening was performed to isolate genes interfering with TRAIL-induced apoptosis using cDNA retroviral library. Bcl-X(L) and FLIP were identified after DNA sequencing analysis of cDNA rescued from TRAIL-resistant clones. We found that increased expression of Bcl-X(L), but not Bcl-2, suppressed TRAIL-induced apoptosis in tumour cells. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses showed that expression of Bcl-X(L), but not Bcl-2, was highly increased in human breast cancer tissues. Exposure of MDA-MB-231 breast tumour cells to TRAIL induced apoptosis accompanied by dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and enzymatic activation of caspase-3, -8, and -9. However, SK-BR-3 breast tumour cells exhibiting increased expression level of Bcl-X(L) were resistant to TRAIL, though upon exposure to TRAIL, caspase-8 and Bid were activated. Forced expression of Bcl-X(L), but not Bcl-2, desensitised TRAIL-sensitive MDA-MB-231 cells to TRAIL. Similar inhibitory effects were also observed in other tumour cells such as HeLa and Jurkat cells stably expressing Bcl-X(L), but not Bcl-2. These results are indicative of the crucial and distinct function of Bcl-X(L) and Bcl-2 in the modulation of TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Damping mechanisms of Fe–Mn alloy with (γ+ɛ) dual phase structure
- Author
-
Choi C.-S., Lee Y.-K., and Jun J.-H.
- Subjects
Austenite ,Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Alloy ,Close-packing of equal spheres ,Thermodynamics ,engineering.material ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Damping capacity ,Crystallography ,Mechanics of Materials ,Phase (matter) ,Martensite ,Volume fraction ,engineering ,General Materials Science ,Stacking fault - Abstract
The objective of the present study is to propose damping mechanisms for Fe–Mn alloys containing austenite (face centred cubic) and ɛ martensite (hexagonal close packed), and to analyse the individual contribution of damping mechanisms to the total damping capacity of an Fe–17 wt-%Mn alloy with respect to volume fraction of ɛ martensite. On the basis of substructural characteristics of γ and ɛ phases, it is suggested that damping mechanisms of Fe–Mn alloys with (γ + ɛ) dual phase structures involve stress induced movement of various boundaries such as stacking fault boundaries in austenite and ɛ martensite, ɛmartensite variant boundaries, and γ/ɛ interphase boundaries. The damping capacity of the Fe–17Mn alloy increases with increasing ɛ martensite content. The quantitative analysis shows that in the as quenched state, the ɛ martensite phase is responsible for a major part of the damping capacity.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Fast transition of type-B QPO in the black hole transient XTE J1817-330
- Author
-
Sriram, K., Rao, A. R., and Choi, C. S.
- Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The evolution of different types of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) and the coupled radiative/physical changes in the accretion disk are still poorly understood. In a few black hole binaries it was found that fast evolution of QPOs is associated with spectral variations. Such studies in other black hole binaries are important to understand the QPO phenomenon. For the black hole transient XTE J1817-330, we study fast QPO transitions and accompanying spectral variations to investigate what causes the spectral variation during the QPO transition. Roy et al. (2011) found QPOs in ten RXTE observations of XTE J1817-330. We found that, among the ten observations, only one observation shows erratic dips in its X-ray light curve. The power density spectra and the corresponding energy spectra were extracted and analyzed for the dip and non-dip sections of the light curve. We found that type-B $\sim$6 Hz QPO changes into type-A QPO in a few tens of seconds along with a flux decrease. This transient evolution is accompanied with a significant spectral variation. We report a transient QPO feature and accompanying spectral variation in XTE J1817-330. Based on our findings, we discuss the origin of fast evolution of QPOs and spectral variations., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, Accepted in A&A
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Rat strain-dependent variations in brain metabolites detected by in vivo (1) H NMR spectroscopy at 16.4T
- Author
-
Hong, S., Balla, D., Choi, C., and Pohmann, R.
- Abstract
Localized in vivo1H NMR spectroscopy is playing an increasing role in preclinical studies, because of its ability to quantify the concentrations of up to 20 metabolites in rat brain. To assess the differences between often-used rat strains, the neurochemical profiles of Sprague-Dawley, Wistar and Fischer rats were determined at ultrashort TE at 16.4 T. To ascertain high-qualitative quantification, a first experiment examined the dependence of the measuring time on the quantification results and precision by precisely the number of averages between 16 and 320. It was shown that most metabolites can be quantified accurately within a short scan time, yielding Cramér–Rao lower bounds below 20 and stable concentrations for 16 metabolites with as few as 32 or 64 averages in the thalamus and hippocampus, respectively. Interstrain differences in metabolite concentrations were shown to be moderate, with taurine varying significantly between Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats, and slightly more distinct differences from Fischer rats, including variations in glutamate and myo-inositol. The high spectral quality and quantification precision of all data again demonstrated the potential of in vivo1H NMR spectroscopy at ultrahigh field.
- Published
- 2011
26. An unusual stellar death on Christmas Day
- Author
-
Thöne, C. C., Postigo, A. de Ugarte, Fryer, C. L., Page, K. L., Gorosabel, J., Aloy, M. A., Perley, D. A., Kouveliotou, C., Janka, H. T., Mimica, P., Racusin, J. L., Krimm, H., Cummings, J., Oates, S. R., Holland, S. T., Siegel, M. H., De Pasquale, M., Sonbas, E., Im, M., Park, W. -K., Kann, D. A., Guziy, S., Garcia, L. Hernandez, Llorente, A., Bundy, K., Choi, C., Jeong, H., Korhonen, H., Kubanek, P., Lim, J., Moskvitin, A., Darias, T. Muñoz, Pak, S., and Parrish, I.
- Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics - Abstract
Long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most dramatic examples of massive stellar deaths, usually as- sociated with supernovae (Woosley et al. 2006). They release ultra-relativistic jets producing non-thermal emission through synchrotron radiation as they interact with the surrounding medium (Zhang et al. 2004). Here we report observations of the peculiar GRB 101225A (the "Christmas burst"). Its gamma-ray emission was exceptionally long and followed by a bright X-ray transient with a hot thermal component and an unusual optical counterpart. During the first 10 days, the optical emission evolved as an expanding, cooling blackbody after which an additional component, consistent with a faint supernova, emerged. We determine its distance to 1.6 Gpc by fitting the spectral-energy distribution and light curve of the optical emission with a GRB-supernova template. Deep optical observations may have revealed a faint, unresolved host galaxy. Our proposed progenitor is a helium star-neutron star merger that underwent a common envelope phase expelling its hydrogen envelope. The resulting explosion created a GRB-like jet which gets thermalized by interacting with the dense, previously ejected material and thus creating the observed black-body, until finally the emission from the supernova dominated. An alternative explanation is a minor body falling onto a neutron star in the Galaxy (Campana et al. 2011)., Comment: 41 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in the original journal!
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. XMM-Newton confirmation of a new intermediate polar: XMMU J185330.7-012815
- Author
-
Hui, C. Y., Sriram, K., and Choi, C. -S.
- Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We report the results from a detailed spectro-imaging and temporal analysis of an archival XMM-Newton observation of a new intermediate polar XMMU J185330.7-012815. Its X-ray spectrum can be well-described by a multi-temperature thermal plasma model with the K-lines of heavy elements clearly detected. Possible counterparts of XMMU J185330.7-012815 have been identified in optical and UV bands. The low value of the inferred X-ray-to-UV and X-ray-to-optical flux ratios help to safely rule out the possibility as an isolated neutron star. We confirm the X-ray periodicity of ~238 s, but different from the previous preliminary result, we do not find any convincing evidence of phase-shift in this observation. We further investigate its properties through an energy-resolved temporal analysis and find the pulsed fraction monotonically increases with energy., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. MUST 2010: Welcome message from workshop organizers: FutureTech 2010
- Author
-
Prabhakaran, B, Bailer, W, Rho, S, Bertini, M, De Silva, GC, Kopf, S, Park, JH, Furht, B, Ma, J, Chen, S-C, Xiao, Y, Li, M, Maddage, NC, Doherty, AR, Ramanathan, S, Le, TL, Han, S-R, Tancharoen, D, Inoue, M, Chan, CH, Atrey, PK, Martin, T, Leung, W-HH, De Silva, LC, Torniai, C, Bagdanov, AD, Roh, M-C, Shahriar, S, Lee, S, Lim, S, De Neve, W, Lee, G, Rensing, C, Han, J, Kisku, DR, Mauthe, A, Choi, C, Haenselmann, T, Lee, W, Timmerer, C, Farin, D, Kannan, R, Kompatsiaris, Y, Poppe, C, Ziółko, B, Choe, TE, D'Ulizia, A, Dasiopoulou, S, and Kim, Y
- Published
- 2010
29. Specific hippocampal choline decrease in an animal model of depression
- Author
-
Hong, S., Choi, C., Park, C., Moon, H., Hong, K., Cheong, C., Chae, J., and Choe, B.
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Choleretic ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Physical Exertion ,Hippocampal formation ,Creatine ,Hippocampus ,Choline ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Hippocampus (mythology) ,Animals ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Swimming ,Aspartic Acid ,Depressive Disorder ,Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,nervous system ,Antidepressant ,human activities ,Biomarkers ,Stress, Psychological ,Behavioural despair test - Abstract
A decreased level of the hippocampal choline signal was found in patients with depression in previous proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) studies. The objective of this study is to compare choline levels before and after the forced swimming test (FST), an animal model of depression typically used for assessing antidepressant activity. (1)H-MRS spectra were obtained from both the left and right hippocampus. After the FST, rats showed a significant decrease of the choline/creatine (Cho/Cr, p = 0.037) and choline/N-acetylaspartate (Cho/NAA, p = 0.048) ratios in the left hippocampus, but not in the right hippocampus. This finding was analogous to results from patients with depression. It suggests that decreased Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA ratios in the left hippocampal regions might be considered to be biomarkers in rats with depression.
- Published
- 2009
30. Microstructure and shape memory properties of Fe–14Ru alloy
- Author
-
Jun J.-H., Choi C.-S., and Shin H.-C.
- Subjects
Materials science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Alloy ,Bending ,Shape-memory alloy ,engineering.material ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Microstructure ,law.invention ,Crystallography ,Optical microscope ,Mechanics of Materials ,Transmission electron microscopy ,Stacking-fault energy ,law ,Diffusionless transformation ,engineering ,General Materials Science ,Composite material - Abstract
The shape memory properties and microstructure associated with γ(fcc) → ɛ(hcp) martensitic transformation in an Fe–14Ru alloy have been investigated. The degree of shape recovery was measured via a bending test, and the microstructure was examined using X-ray diffractometry, optical microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The Fe–14Ru alloy showed shape recovery to some extent, but to a lower degree than in Fe–Mn–Si based shape memory alloys. The lower strength of the matrix, the presence of ɛ and α′ martensites at room temperature, and the higher stacking fault energy in the Fe–14Ru alloy are thought to be responsible for the weaker shape memory effect.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. The Phaeodactylum genome reveals the evolutionary history of diatom genomes
- Author
-
Bowler, C., Allan, A. E., Badger, J. H., Grimwood, J., Jabbari, K., Kuo, A., Maheshwari, U., Martens, C., Maumus, F., Otillar, R. P., Rayko, E., Salamov, A., Vandepoele, K., Beszeri, B., Gruber, A., Heijde, M., Katinka, M., Mock, Thomas, Valentin, Klaus-Ulrich, Verret, F., Berges, J. A., Brownlee, C., Chiovitti, A., Jae Choi, C., Coesel, S., De Martino, A., Detter, J. C., Durkin, C., Falciatore, A., Fournet, J., Haruta, M., Huysman, M. J. J., Jenkins, B. D., Jiroutova, K., Jorgensen, R. E., Joubert, Y., Kaplan, A., Kröger, N., Kroth, P. G., La Roche, J., Lindquiste, E., Lommer, M., Martin-Jézéquel, V., Lopez, P. J., Lucas, S., Mangogna, M., McGinnis, K., Medlin, Linda, Monsant, A., Oudot-Le Secq, M.-P., Napoli, C., Obornik, M., Petit, J.-L., Porcel, B. M., Poulsen, N., Robison, M., Rychlewski, L., Rynearson, T. A., Schmutz, J., Schnitzler Parker, M., Shapiro, H., Siaur, M., Stanley, M., Sussman, M. J., Taylor, A. R., Vardi, A., von Dassow, P., Vyverman, W., Willis, A., Wyrwicz, L. S., Rokhsar, D. S., Weissenbach, J., Armbrust, E. V., Green, B. R., Van de Peer, Y., Grigoriev, I. V., and Cadoret, J.-P.
- Published
- 2008
32. Single-Port Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Gall Bladder Polyps
- Author
-
Young Hoon Roh, Kim Yh, Jung Gj, Joong Choi C, Min Chan Kim, and Hong-Jo Choi
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Operative Time ,Single-port laparoscopy ,Malignancy ,Polyps ,Gallbladder polyp ,Quality of life ,Scientific Papers ,medicine ,Humans ,urogenital system ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Case-control study ,Cosmesis ,Equipment Design ,Length of Stay ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Laparoscopes ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ,Propensity score matching ,Female ,Gallbladder Neoplasms ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SPLC) was introduced to improve patients' postoperative quality of life and cosmesis over the conventional approach (CLC). The purpose of this case–control study was to compare the outcome of SPLC with that of CLC in a specific disease: gall bladder (GB) polyps. Methods: Eligible for the study were all patients with GB polyps who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between June 1, 2009, and June 30, 2011. The 112 patients studied (56 each for SPLC and CLC) were matched by using a propensity score that included gender, age, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, history of previous abdominal operation, and pathology outcome. To avoid selection bias caused by the surgeon's choice (often dependent on the degree of inflammation) and to investigate the efficacy of SPLC for a single disease, GB polyps, we excluded patients with acute or chronic cholecystitis. Results: Characteristics of the patients matched by a propensity score between SPLC and CLC showed no significant difference. Incidentally detected malignancy was in postoperative pathology in cases in both groups. Although operative time was shorter for SPLC, there was no significant difference in time between the 2 groups. There were 3 open conversions in the CLC group, and an additional port was used in the SPLC group. There was no difference between the groups in hospital stay and postoperative complications. Conclusion: In the management of GB polyps, the operative results of SPLC are comparable to those of CLC. We conclude that SPLC is as safe as CLC and has the potential for greater cosmetic satisfaction for patients than CLC. Further trials for objective appraisal of cosmetic outcomes are needed.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Development of nested polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung tissue
- Author
-
Choi C, Kim O, C. Chae, Hwang Kk, Lim Es, Song Hc, Kim Sh, and Ha Sk
- Subjects
Paraffin Embedding ,General Veterinary ,Formalin fixed paraffin embedded ,Swine ,Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular biology ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Fixatives ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Formaldehyde ,Animals ,Lung tissue ,Nested polymerase chain reaction ,Lung ,In Situ Hybridization - Published
- 2005
34. Universal scaling of Hall resistivity in clean and moderately clean limits for Hg- and Tl-based superconductors
- Author
-
Kang, W. N., Kim, Wan-Seon, Oh, S. J., Lee, Sung-Ik, Kim, D. H., Choi, C. H., Ri, H. -C., and Chu, C. W.
- Subjects
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) ,Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,FOS: Physical sciences - Abstract
The mixed-state Hall resistivity and the longitudinal resistivity in HgBa_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{6}, HgBa_{2}Ca_{2}Cu_{3}O_{8}, and Tl_{2}Ba_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8} thin films have been investigated as functions of the magnetic field up to 18 T. We observe the universal scaling behavior between \rho_{xy} and \rho_{xx} in the regions of the clean and the moderately clean limit. The scaling exponent \beta is 1.9 in the clean limit at high field and low temperature whereas \beta is 1.0 in the moderately clean limit at low field and high temperature, consistent with a theory based on the midgap states in the vortex cores. This finding implies that the Hall conductivity is also universal in Hg- and Tl-based superconductors., Comment: 3 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Archival PCR-based diagnosis of Clostridium difficile in piglets
- Author
-
Chung Hk, Choi C, Kim J, Ha Sk, K. Jung, Cho Ws, and C. Chae
- Subjects
DNA, Bacterial ,Swine Diseases ,Base Sequence ,General Veterinary ,Clostridioides difficile ,Colon ,Swine ,business.industry ,Molecular Sequence Data ,General Medicine ,Clostridium difficile ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Microbiology ,Animals, Newborn ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Clostridium Infections ,Animals ,Medicine ,business ,DNA Primers - Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. An X-ray spectroscopic study of the pre-eclipse dips of Hercules X-1
- Author
-
Choi, C. S., Nagase, Fumiaki, Makino, Fumiyoshi, Dotani, Tadayasu, and Min, K. W.
- Subjects
Physics ,X-ray astronomy ,X-ray spectroscopy ,Space and Planetary Science ,Binary star ,X-ray ,Astronomy ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics ,Emission spectrum ,X ray spectra ,Astronomical spectroscopy ,Eclipse - Abstract
Accepted: 1993-08-26, 資料番号: SA1001918000
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. An application of multi-dimensional statistical analysis for the evaluation of family planning problems
- Author
-
Choi H-k and Choi C-h
- Subjects
Health Planning ,Korea ,Organization and Administration ,Family Planning Services ,Research ,Models, Theoretical ,Program Evaluation - Published
- 1971
38. Comparative analysis of paralytic shellfish toxin content and profile produced by dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum isolated from Inokushi Bay, Japan
- Author
-
Seok Jin Oh, Matsuyama, Y., Yoon, Y. H., Miyamura, K., Choi, C. G., Yang, H. -S, and Kang, I. J.
39. Enhanced neurochemical profile of the rat brain using in vivo (1)H NMR spectroscopy at 16.4 T
- Author
-
Hong, S. T., Balla, D. Z., Shajan, G., Choi, C., Uǧurbil, K., and Rolf Pohmann
- Abstract
Single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy with ultrashort echo time was implemented at 16.4 T to enhance the neurochemical profile of the rat brain in vivo. A TE of 1.7 msec was achieved by sequence optimization and by using short-duration asymmetric pulses. Macromolecular signal components were parameterized individually and included in the quantitative analysis, replacing the use of a metabolite-nulled spectrum. Because of the high spectral dispersion, several signals close to the water line could be detected, and adjacent peaks could be resolved. All 20 metabolites detected in this study were quantified with Cramér-Rao lower bounds below 20, implying reliable quantification accuracy. The signal of acetate was detected for the first time in rat brain in vivo with Cramér-Rao lower bounds of 16 and a concentration of 0.52 μmol/g. The absolute concentrations of most metabolites showed close agreement with values previously measured using in vivo 1H NMR spectroscopy and in vitro biochemical assay.
40. Robust design of a multibody system of an automotive vehicle
- Author
-
Anas Batou, Choi, C. K., Christian Soize, Yoo, H. H., Laboratoire de Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle (MSME), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, School of Mecanical Engineering, IMSD and ACMD, Soize, Christian, and Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR] ,[MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR] ,[SPI.MECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph] ,[SPI.MECA] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]
41. Rapid urease test fails to diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection after ulcer surgery
- Author
-
Leung, W. K., Lee, Y. T., Chan, K. L., Choi, C. L., Chung, S. C. S., and Joseph J Y SUNG
42. Enteritis associated with porcine circovirus 2 in pigs
- Author
-
Kim J, Ha Y, Jung K, Choi C, and Chanhee Chae
- Subjects
Circovirus ,Diarrhea ,Swine Diseases ,Swine ,animal diseases ,Short Communication ,virus diseases ,Weaning ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Enteritis ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Animals, Newborn ,DNA, Viral ,Animals ,Circoviridae Infections - Abstract
This report describes the diagnosis of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2)-associated enteritis in 6 weaned pigs without postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome by histopathology, virus isolation, and in situ hybridization. The most unique lesions were granulomatous inflammation affecting Peyer’s patches, characterized by infiltrates of epithelioid macrophages and giant multinucleated cells. Large, multiple, basophilic or amphophilic, grape-like intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were often seen in the cytoplasm of histiocytic cells and giant multinucleated cells. No microscopic lesions were observed in the lymphoid tissue, such as lymph node, spleen, and tonsil. A strong hybridization signal for PCV2 was detected in the cytoplasm of histiocytes and giant multinucleated cells in Peyer’s patches. Porcine circovirus 2 was isolated from homogenates of the small and large intestines in 2 weaned pigs. The presence of diarrhea and granulomatous enteritis, and abundant PCV2 DNA associated with the microscopic lesions is suggestive of PCV2-associated enteritis. Thus, PCV2-associated enteritis could be a distinct clinical manifestation of PCV2.
43. Bonding structure of the cross-link in organosilicate films using O2/BTMSM precursors
- Author
-
teresa oh, Lee, K. -M, Ko, S. -T, Kim, K. S., Ahn, K. -J, and Choi, C. K.
44. Yonsei stroke registry: Analysis of consecutive patients with first ever stroke in Korea
- Author
-
Lee, B. I., HYO SUK NAM, Suh, B. C., Jung, Y. K., Cho, J. H., Choi, C. H., Lee, P. H., Choi, S. A., Sohn, Y. H., and Heo, J. H.
45. Analysis of the virtual rate control algorithm in TCP networks
- Author
-
Park, E. -C, Hyuk Lim, Park, K. -J, and Choi, C. -H
46. A case of sacrococcygeal chordoma
- Author
-
Kim, J. -Y, Lee, J. -H, Hong, D. -K, Choi, C. -W, Lee, Y., Young-Joon Seo, and Park, K. -D
47. Diversifying chemical selectivity using mixed-ligand gold nanoparticles
- Author
-
Cho, S. M., Choi, C. -A, Kim, Y. J., and Pyo, H. -B
48. Development of a parallel hybrid system for agricultural tractors
- Author
-
Dae-hyun Lee, Kim, Y. -J, Choi, C. -H, Chung, S. -O, Inoue, E., and Okayasu, T.
49. Classified wavelet transform coding of images using vector quantization
- Author
-
Huh, Young, Hwang, J. J., Choi, C. K., Queiroz, Ricardo L., and K. R. Rao
50. Modeling shakedown plastic strains of subballast and subgrade materials in the concrete slab track system of high-speed trains
- Author
-
Young-Hoon Jung, Choi, C. Y., and Nsabimana, E.
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.