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The risk of the infection and its complications under this drug class remains to be determined. To evaluate the risk of COVID-19, COVID-19-associated hospitalization, and mortality among patients with psoriasis treated by IL-17I. A population-based cohort study was performed to compare psoriasis patients treated by IL-17I (n = 680) with those treated by methotrexate (n = 2153) and non-systemic/non-immunomodulatory treatments (n = 138,750) regarding the incidence of COVID-19 and its complications. The use of IL-17I was not associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection [adjusted HR for IL-17I vs. methotrexate: 0.91 (95% CI, 0.48–1.72); IL-17I vs. non-systemic/non-immunomodulatory treatments: 0.92 (95% CI, 0.54–1.59)]. IL-17I was associated with comparable risk of COVID-19-associated hospitalization [adjusted HR for IL-17I vs. methotrexate: 0.42 (95% CI, 0.05–3.39); IL-17I vs. non-systemic/non-immunomodulatory treatments: 0.65 (95% CI, 0.09–4.59)] and COVID-19-associated mortality [adjusted HR for IL-17I vs. methotrexate: 7.57 (95% CI, 0.36–157.36); IL-17I vs. non-systemic/non-immunomodulatory treatments: 7.05 (95% CI, 0.96–51.98)]. In a sensitivity analysis, neither secukinumab nor ixekizumab imposed an elevated risk of any of the outcomes of interests. IL-17I treatment does not confer an increased risk of COVID-19 infection or its complications in patients with psoriasis. Our findings support the continuation of IL-17I treatment during the pandemic.