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3D model of the Aturia cf. cubaensis specimen MUSM INV 297, an internal mould of a phragmocone from the Middle Miocene portion of the Pisco Formation (Peru). This fossil is currently housed in the Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (=MUSM, Jesús María, Lima, Peru). MUSM INV 297 is described in the following article: Collareta, A., Bosio, G., Varas-Malca, R., Bianucci, G., Merella, M., Urbina, M., Di Celma, C. (2023). The extinct nautiloid Aturia in the Middle Miocene of Pacific South America: new data from the Pisco Lagerstätte of Peru. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. DOI: 10.1127/njgpa/2023/1128 To correctly visualize the textured 3D model in a 3D software, the three uploaded files (.obj, .mtl and .jpg) should be downloaded and stored within a single folder without changing the corresponding file names.

3D model of the Aturia cf. cubaensis specimen MUSM INV 297, an internal mould of a phragmocone from the Middle Miocene portion of the Pisco Formation (Peru). This fossil is currently housed in the Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (=MUSM, Jesús María, Lima, Peru). MUSM INV 297 is described in the following article: Collareta, A., Bosio, G., Varas-Malca, R., Bianucci, G., Merella, M., Urbina, M., Di Celma, C. (2023). The extinct nautiloid Aturia in the Middle Miocene of Pacific South America: new data from the Pisco Lagerstätte of Peru. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. DOI: 10.1127/njgpa/2023/1128 To correctly visualize the textured 3D model in a 3D software, the three uploaded files (.obj, .mtl and .jpg) should be downloaded and stored within a single folder without changing the corresponding file names.

This file includes the description of the referred specimens, measurements and additional photos

The new late Miocene elasmobranch assemblage from Cerro Colorado (Pisco Formation) described herein provides a first comprehensive view on the composition and structure of this community in the Pisco Basin (Peru), one of the most important Neogene Konservat-Lagerstatten of the world. The studied assemblage includes at least 21 species attributed to 10 families and 5 orders: 7 taxa are recorded for the first time in the Pisco Formation and 3 for the first time in the fossil record of Peru. Three shark-tooth bearing intervals have been recognized at Cerro Colorado. Changes in the taxonomic composition of these three fossiliferous deposits allowed us to reconstruct ecological, trophic and environmental dynamics over the stratigraphic succession of Cerro Colorado. In particular, the environmental scenario of the most diversified shark tooth-bearing interval (ST-low1) is consistent with a shallow marine coastal area, influenced by both brackish and open sea waters, dominated by a community of small mesopredator sharks that used this ecospace as reproductive ground (nursery) and recruitment area.

Fig. S3: Biotite Mg/Mg+Fe+Mn vs Al diagram of P2 ash layers.

Fig. S4: Biotite Mg/Mg+Fe+Mn vs Mn diagram of P2 ash layers.

Fig. S5: Biotite Mg/Mg+Fe+Mn vs K+Na+Ca diagram of P2 ash layers.

Fig. S2: Stratigraphic logs of the studied sites.

Fig. S1: 39Ar–40Ar age spectrum of the biotite separate of the tephra layer LB-T11.

Collareta, Alberto, Marean, Curtis W., Jerardino, Antonieta, Bosselaers, Mark (2017): Cetopirus complanatus (Cirripedia: Coronulidae) from the late Middle Pleistocene human settlement of Pinnacle Point 13 B (Mossel Bay, South Africa). Zootaxa 4237 (2): 393-400, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4237.2.12

Cetopirus complanatus (M��rch, 1853) Fig. 2 Lepas complanata polytalamia Chemnitz, 1785: 325, pl. 99, figs. 845���846 Lepas balaenaris Spengler, 1790: 187 Coronula balaenaris Dufresne, 1802: 473, pl. 30, figs. 2���4 Cetopirus balaenaris Ranzani, 1817: 87 Lepas quinquevalvis Mawe, 1823: 5, pl. 2, fig. 3 Coronula balanarum Blainville, 1824: 380 Polylepas (Cetopirus) vulgaris Gray, 1825: 105 Ceteopirus [sic] complanatus M��rch, 1853: 67 Coronula darwini Stebbing, 1910: 572 Coronula complanata Pilsbry, 1916: 276, pl. 63, figs. 1���3a Coronula complanatus Hiro, 1936: 62 Range and distribution. Middle Pleistocene to Recent. Known as fossil from late Middle Pleistocene deposits of South Africa (this work), Upper Pleistocene deposits of Spain (��lvarez-Fern��ndez et al. 2014), and Holocene deposits of Argentina (Pastorino & Griffin 1996) and The Netherlands (Holthuis et al. 1998). Currently known as an exclusive phoront of Eubalaena Gray, 1864, living in temperate seas between the (sub-)arctic regions and about 25�� latitude. Material. A single isolated rostral compartment kept at the Mossel Bay Archaeology Project Cultural Resources Management (MAPCRM) Laboratory of the Bartolomeu Dias Museum (Mossel Bay, South Africa) under accession number MAPCRM 85138. Occurrence. Late Middle Pleistocene (164 �� 12 ka) cemented deposit (LC-MSA Lower horizon of Marean et al. 2007) in cave site PP13B (Pinnacle Point, South Africa). Description and remarks. MAPCRM 85138 (Fig. 2) is an isolated rostral compartment broken transversely to the ribs, a few mm below the basis of the sheath, so that it lacks its lowermost portion. The shape of MAPCRM 85138 suggests a significantly convex, dome-shaped shell. The sheath is smooth, depicting a barrel-shaped body chamber. The basal edge of the sheath does not project freely. Judging from the geometry of the fossa for the accomodation of the ala, the latter should have been thin and square. The compound radius is very thick (i.e., almost as thick as the whole compartment) and, in its median portion, its reaches the basis of the sheath. The sutural face of the radius presents closely spaced and branched septa which are inclined with respect to the outer edge of the radius. These sutural septa include both short septa radiating outward and long septa radiating inward from a main septum running along the outer edge of the radius. The external radius is horizontally (i.e., transversely) striated. Radial buttresses (i.e., ribs) terminating in T-shaped flanges project from the paries forming a solid outer wall. These ribs are ornamented by both transverse growth ridges (externally) and longitudinal striae (both externally and internally). The ribs bifurcate near to the basis of the sheath in an apparently symmetrical way. The terminal transverse loops of the ribs exhibit thin and well-spaced septa which connect the opposite inner faces of the inner lamina (i.e., the terminal transverse loops of the ribs display longitudinally elongated tubes); such a tubes-and-septa pattern also characterises the very central portion of each loop. MAPCRM 85138 mainly differs from Coronula diadema by showing: (i) a narrow and very thick radius; (ii) a sub-straight sheath whose basal edge does not project freely; (iii) a shallow fossa for the accomodation of a thin and square ala; (iv) flat and broad ribs which bifurcate in an apparently symmetrical way; and (v) terminal transverse loops of the ribs that exhibit longitudinally elongated tubes. In turn, all the above reported features of MAPCRM 85138 match perfectly the various descriptions of the hard parts of Cetopirus complanatus given by Davis (1972), Pastorino & Griffin (1996) and Seilacher (2005). On the whole, these features distinguish Cetopirus complanatus from any other fossil and extant whale barnacle species known to date, including the early Pleistocene species Cetopirus fragilis Collareta et al., 2016a, which features a rather thin radius and a different inner structure of the terminal transverse loops of the ribs., Published as part of Collareta, Alberto, Marean, Curtis W., Jerardino, Antonieta & Bosselaers, Mark, 2017, Cetopirus complanatus (Cirripedia: Coronulidae) from the late Middle Pleistocene human settlement of Pinnacle Point 13 B (Mossel Bay, South Africa), pp. 393-400 in Zootaxa 4237 (2) on pages 395-396, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4237.2.12, http://zenodo.org/record/343883, {"references":["Morch, O. A. L. (1853) Cephalophora. In: Catalogus Conchyliorum. Typis Ludovici Kleini, Copenhagen, pp. 65 - 68.","Chemnitz, J. H. (1785) Neues systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet. Fol. FIII. Raspe, Nurnberg, 372 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 43760","Spengler, L. (1790) Beskrivelse og Oplysing over den hidindtil lidet udarbeide Slaegt af mangeskallede Konchylier, som Linnaeus har daldet Lepas, med tilfoiede nye og ubeskrevne Aeter. (Om. Conchylie-Slaegten Lepas). Skrifter af Naturhistorie Selskabet, 1, 158 - 212.","Dufresne, L. (1802) Notice sur les Balanus. Annales du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 1, 465 - 473.","Ranzani, C. (1817) Osservazioni sui balanidi. Opuscoli Scientifici, 2 (2), 63 - 69.","Mawe, J. (1823) The Linnaean system of Conchology: describing the orders, genera, and species of shells, arranged into divisions and families: with a view to facilitate the student's attainment of the science. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 207 pp.","Blainville, H. M. D. de (1824) Dictionaire des Sciences Naturelles (Mollusques-Morfil). F. G. Levrault, Strasbourg, 567 pp.","Gray, J. E. (1825) A synopsis of the genera of Cirripedes arranged in natural families, with a description of some new species. Annals of Philosophy, New Series, 10, 97 - 107.","Stebbing, T. R. R. (1910) General catalogue of South African Crustacea. Annals of the South African Museum, 6, 563 - 575. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 15558","Pilsbry, H. A. (1916) The sessile barnacles (Cirripedia) contained in the collections of the U. S. National Museum; including a monograph of the American species. United States National Museum Bulletin, 93, 1 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.93.1","Hiro, F. (1936) On the commensalism between the cirripeds and other animals. Ecological Review, 2, 58 - 65. [Sendai]","Alvarez-Fernandez, E., Carriol, R. P., Jorda, J. F., Aura, J. E., Avezuela, B., Badal, E., Carrion, Y., Garcia-Guinea, J., Maestro, A., Morales, J. V., Perez, G., Perez-Ripoll, M., Rodrigo, M. J., Scarff, J. E., Villalba, M. P. & Wood, R. (2014) Occurrence of whale barnacles in Nerja Cave (Malaga, southern Spain): indirect evidence of whale consumption by humans in the Upper Magdalenian. Quaternary International, 337, 163 - 169.","Pastorino, G. & Griffin, M. (1996) An extant whale barnacle (Cirripedia, Coronulidae) from Holocene deposits of Buenos Aires (Argentina). Crustaceana, 69, 769 - 772.","Holthuis, L. B., Smeenk, C. & Laarman, F. J. (1998) The find of a whale barnacle, Cetopirus complanatus (Morch, 1853), in 10 th century deposits in the Netherlands. Zoologische Ferhandelingen, 323, 349 - 363.","Gray, J. E. (1864) On the Cetacea which have been observed in the seas surrounding the British Islands. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1864, 195 - 248.","Marean, C. W., Bar-Matthews, M., Bernatchez, J., Fisher, E., Goldberg, P., Herries, A. I., Jacobs, Z., Jerardino, A., Karkanas, P., Minichillo, T., Nilssen, P. J., Thompson, E., Watts, I. & Williams, H. M. (2007) Early human use of marine resources and pigment in South Africa during the Middle Pleistocene. Nature, 449 (7164), 905 - 908. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / nature 06204","Davis, C. W. (1972) Studies on the barnacles epizoic on marine vertebrates. MA thesis, California State University, San Francisco, 60 pp.","Seilacher, A. (2005) Whale barnacles: exaptational access to a forbidden paradise. Paleobiology, 31 (Supplement), 27 - 35. https: // doi. org / 10.1666 / 0094 - 8373 (2005) 031 [0027: WBEATA] 2.0. CO; 2","Collareta, A., Margiotta, S., Varola, A., Catanzariti, R., Bosselaers, M. & Bianucci, G. (2016 a) A new whale barnacle from the early Pleistocene of Italy suggests an ancient right whale breeding ground in the Mediterranean. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 15 (5), 473 - 481."]}

Genus Cetopirus Ranzani, 1817 Range. Early Pleistocene to Recent., Published as part of Collareta, Alberto, Marean, Curtis W., Jerardino, Antonieta & Bosselaers, Mark, 2017, Cetopirus complanatus (Cirripedia: Coronulidae) from the late Middle Pleistocene human settlement of Pinnacle Point 13 B (Mossel Bay, South Africa), pp. 393-400 in Zootaxa 4237 (2) on page 395, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4237.2.12, http://zenodo.org/record/343883, {"references":["Ranzani, C. (1817) Osservazioni sui balanidi. Opuscoli Scientifici, 2 (2), 63 - 69."]}

Cryptolepas rhachianecti Dall, 1872 Fig. 2 Cryptolepas rhachianecti Dall, 1872: 300 Cryptolepas rhachianectis Gruvel, 1903: 153, pl. 2, figs. 4���10; pl. 3, figs. 10-11 Material examined. NHG 27 0 0 1, left latus or carinolatus collected from beach deposits in Zoutelande (Walcheren, The Netherlands), at the mouth of the River Scheldt. Description and remarks. The size and aspect of this isolated left lateral or carinolateral compartment matches well the descriptions of the hard parts of Cryptolepas rhachianecti given by Pilsbry (1916), Zullo (1961, 1969), Davis (1972), Ross & Frick (2011) and Hayashi (2012). In particular, NHG 27 0 0 1 strikingly recalls the illustration of a cylinder-shaped specimen of C. rhachanecti, with very short external ribs, provided by Pilsbry (1916, pl. 66, figs. 2, 2a). Pilsbry (1916) described C. rhachianecti as follows: "[C. rhachianecti] differs [from Cetopirus complanatus and Coronula spp.] by lacking terminal flanges uniting the radial lamellae [i.e., the external ribs, or buttresses] into a solid outer wall, though there is sometimes a suggestive approach to this structure. [...] four to six ribs are seen on each compartment above. These ribs are denticulate along both sides. [...] They are finely striated vertically and crenulated at the basal edges. [...] The radii are as thick as the compartments [...]. The sheath is transversely grooved, a little shorter than the body-chamber, and its lower margin is not overhanging or prominent". Most of these characters can be clearly observed in NHG 27 0 0 1 (Fig. 2) and, on the whole, they allow us to unambiguously attribute NHG 27 0 0 1 to C. rhachianecti. Nevertheless, the specimen from Zoutelande appears slightly damaged, and the external ribs are moderately eroded and worn (likely as a consequence of mechanical degradation in the current beach environment). Whereas extant coronulid shells are typically whitecoloured and rather translucent, the specimen here studied is brownish and strongly opaque; as such, it was likely affected by some process of early fossilization (e.g. recrystalisation or permineralisation)., Published as part of Bosselaers, Mark & Collareta, Alberto, 2016, The whale barnacle Cryptolepas rhachianecti (Cirripedia: Coronulidae), a phoront of the grey whale Eschrichtius robustus (Cetacea: Eschrichtiidae), from a sandy beach in The Netherlands, pp. 331-338 in Zootaxa 4154 (3) on page 333, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4154.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/272173, {"references":["Dall, W. H. (1872) On the parasites of the cetaceans of the N. W. coast of America, with descriptions of new forms. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4, 299 - 301.","Gruvel, A. (1903) Revision des Cirrhipedes appartenant a la collection du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle. Opercules. I. Partie Systematique. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 4, 95 - 170.","Pilsbry, H. A. (1916) The sessile barnacles (Cirripedia) contained in the collections of the U. S. National Museum; including a monograph of the American species. United States National Museum Bulletin, 93, 1 - 366. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.93.1","Zullo, V. A. (1961) A new whale barnacle from Late Pleistocene deposits at San Quintin bay, Baja California. The Veliger, 4, 13 - 14.","Zullo, V. A. (1969) Thoracic Cirripedia of the San Diego Formation, San Diego County, California. Contributions in Science, Los Angeles County Museum, 159, 1 - 25.","Davis, C. W. (1972) Studies on the barnacles epizoic on marine vertebrates. MA thesis, California State University, San Francisco, 60 pp.","Ross, A. & Frick, M. G. (2011) Nomenclatural emendations of the family-group names Cylindrolepadinae, Stomatolepadinae, Chelolepadinae, Cryptolepadinae, and Tubicinellinae of Ross & Frick, 2007 - including current definitions of familygroups within the Coronuloidea (Cirripedia: Balanomorpha). Zootaxa, 3106, 60 - 66.","Hayashi, R. (2012) Atlas of the barnacles on marine vertebrates in Japanese waters including taxonomic review of superfamily Coronuloidea (Cirripedia: Thoracica). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 92 (1), 107 - 127. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315411000737"]}

One-hundred and ninety-two fossil marine vertebrate specimens, preserved as bone elements cropping out at Cerro Los Quesos (Pisco Basin, Peru), are identified and reported on a 1:4,000 scale geological map and in the corresponding stratigraphic section. All the fossils originate from the Pisco Formation, which is dated in this area to the late Miocene (from 7.55 Ma to ≥6.71 Ma, based on 40Ar/39Ar analyses of three volcanic ash layers along the section). Specimens are particularly concentrated near the top of the two main hills, where the geologically youngest portion of the examined section crops out. The impressive fossil assemblage includes cetaceans (91.6%), represented by mysticetes (balaenopteroids and cetotheriids) and odontocetes (phocoenids, physeteroids, and ziphiids, including the holotype of Nazcacetus urbinai). Seals, a crocodile, a seabird, bony fish, and sharks are also reported. Isolated large teeth of Carcharocles and Cosmopolitodus are common and, in several instances, associated to mysticete skeletons. Together with a similar work recently published for the other late Miocene locality of Cerro Colorado, this work represents a case study for the detailed inventory of the extraordinary paleontological heritage of the Pisco Basin. As such, it constitutes the basis for future taphonomic, paleoecological, and systematic studies, as well as for a much-needed conservation effort.

Figures S2, Tables S2-S3, detailed locality and age data, and sensitivity analysis

Figures S2, Tables S2-S3, detailed locality and age data, and sensitivity analysis

Figures S2, Tables S2-S3, detailed locality and age data, and sensitivity analysis

One-hundred and ninety-two fossil marine vertebrate specimens, preserved as bone elements cropping out at Cerro Los Quesos (Pisco Basin, Peru), are identified and reported on a 1:4,000 scale geological map and in the corresponding stratigraphic section. All the fossils originate from the Pisco Formation, which is dated in this area to the late Miocene (from 7.55 Ma to ≥6.71 Ma, based on 40Ar/39Ar analyses of three volcanic ash layers along the section). Specimens are particularly concentrated near the top of the two main hills, where the geologically youngest portion of the examined section crops out. The impressive fossil assemblage includes cetaceans (91.6%), represented by mysticetes (balaenopteroids and cetotheriids) and odontocetes (phocoenids, physeteroids, and ziphiids, including the holotype of Nazcacetus urbinai). Seals, a crocodile, a seabird, bony fish, and sharks are also reported. Isolated large teeth of Carcharocles and Cosmopolitodus are common and, in several instances, associated to mysticete skeletons. Together with a similar work recently published for the other late Miocene locality of Cerro Colorado, this work represents a case study for the detailed inventory of the extraordinary paleontological heritage of the Pisco Basin. As such, it constitutes the basis for future taphonomic, paleoecological, and systematic studies, as well as for a much-needed conservation effort.