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Repetitive Control (RC) enables inverters to inject, at fundamental frequency, high quality sinusoidal current into the grid or to provide low THD voltages in off-grid applications. However, digital RC, which can obtain a zero steady-state error for each periodic signal with a known period, gets its performance significantly degraded in the case of periodic signals with variable frequency. In other words, RC algorithms require an integer number of samples per period, while in some industrial applications the number of samples per period could be a non-integer time-varying value. Therefore, RC would lead to a significant quality degradation of the provided tracking capabilities when the grid frequency or the off-grid desired frequency changes. According to that, a newly RC structure with adaptive decoupled sampling is proposed to work with a RC implemented with constant delay line, regardless of the desired output frequency in both grid-tied and stand-alone operation. After the FPGA implementation, the experimental campaign highlights the effectiveness of the proposed control architecture.

Purpose To investigate prevalence and predictors of renal function variation in a multicenter cohort treated with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Methods Patients from 17 tertiary centers were included. Renal function variation was evaluated at postoperative day (POD)—1, 6 and 12 months. Timepoints differences were Δ1 = POD-1 eGFR − baseline eGFR; Δ2 = 6 months eGFR − POD-1 eGFR; Δ3 = 12 months eGFR − 6 months eGFR. We defined POD-1 acute kidney injury (AKI) as an increase in serum creatinine by ≥ 0.3 mg/dl or a 1.5 1.9-fold from baseline. Additionally, a cutoff of 60 ml/min in eGFR was considered to define renal function decline at 6 and 12 months. Logistic regression (LR) and linear mixed (LM) models were used to evaluate the association between clinical factors and eGFR decline and their interaction with follow-up. Results A total of 576 were included, of these 409(71.0%) and 403(70.0%) had an eGFR p p = 0.003), POD-1 AKI (OR 2.88, p p p p = 0.007), POD-1 AKI (OR 1.83, p = 0.02), and preoperative eGFR p p = 0.019), hydronephrosis (p p p = 0.001) influenced renal function variation (ß 9.2 ± 0.7, p Conclusion Age, preoperative eGFR and POD-1 AKI are independent predictors of 6 and 12 months renal function decline after RNU for UTUC.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has a multifactorial etiology. Major efforts are underway to understand the neurobiological bases of ASD and to develop efficacious treatment strategies. Recently, the use of cannabinoid compounds in children with neurodevelopmental disorders including ASD has received increasing attention. Beyond anecdotal reports of efficacy, however, there is limited current evidence supporting such an intervention and the clinical studies currently available have intrinsic limitations that make the interpretation of the findings challenging. Furthermore, as the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of cannabinoid compounds in neurodevelopmental disorders are still largely unknown, the use of drugs targeting the endocannabinoid system remains controversial. Here, we studied the role of endocannabinoid neurotransmission in the autistic-like traits displayed by the recently validated Fmr1-(Delta)exon 8 rat model of autism. Fmr1-(Delta)exon 8 rats showed reduced anandamide levels in the hippocampus and increased 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) content in the amygdala. Systemic and intra-hippocampal potentiation of anandamide tone through administration of the anandamide hydrolysis inhibitor URB597 ameliorated the cognitive deficits displayed by Fmr1-(Delta)exon 8 rats along development, as assessed through the novel object and social discrimination tasks. Moreover, blockade of amygdalar 2-AG signaling through intra-amygdala administration of the CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716A prevented the altered sociability displayed by Fmr1-(Delta)exon 8 rats. These findings demonstrate that anandamide and 2-AG differentially modulate specific autistic-like traits in Fmr1-(Delta)exon 8 rats in a brain region-specific manner, suggesting that fine changes in endocannabinoid mechanisms contribute to ASD-related behavioral phenotypes.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of an awake venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) management strategy in preventing clinically relevant barotrauma in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) at high risk for pneumothorax (PNX)/pneumomediastinum (PMD), defined as the detection of the Macklin-like effect on chest computed tomography (CT) scan. Design: A case series. Setting: At the intensive care unit of a tertiary-care institution. Participants: Seven patients with COVID-19-associated severe ARDS and Macklin-like radiologic sign on baseline chest CT. Interventions: Primary VV-ECMO under spontaneous breathing instead of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). All patients received noninvasive ventilation or oxygen through a high-flow nasal cannula before and during ECMO support. The study authors collected data on cannulation strategy, clinical management, and outcome. Failure of awake VV-ECMO strategy was defined as the need for IMV due to worsening respiratory failure or delirium/agitation. The primary outcome was the development of PNX/PMD. Measurements and main results: No patient developed PNX/PMD. The awake VV-ECMO strategy failed in 1 patient (14.3%). Severe complications were observed in 4 (57.1%) patients and were noted as the following: intracranial bleeding in 1 patient (14.3%), septic shock in 2 patients (28.6%), and secondary pulmonary infections in 3 patients (42.8%). Two patients died (28.6%), whereas 5 were successfully weaned off VV-ECMO and were discharged home. Conclusions: VV-ECMO in awake and spontaneously breathing patients with severe COVID-19 ARDS may be a feasible and safe strategy to prevent the development of PNX/PMD in patients at high risk for this complication.

Objective To develop and validate the prognostic prediction model DU-VASC to assist the clinicians in decision-making regarding the use of platelet inhibitors (PIs) for the management of digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis. Secondly, to assess the incremental value of PIs as predictor. Methods We analysed patient data from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research group registry (one time point assessed). Three sets of derivation/validation cohorts were obtained from the original cohort. Using logistic regression, we developed a model for prediction of digital ulcers (DUs). C-Statistics and calibration plots were calculated to evaluate the prediction performance. Variable importance plots and the decrease in C-statistics were used to address the importance of the predictors. Results Of 3710 patients in the original cohort, 487 had DUs and 90 were exposed to PIs. For the DU-VASC model, which includes 27 predictors, we observed good calibration and discrimination in all cohorts (C-statistic = 81.1% [95% CI: 78.9%, 83.4%] for the derivation and 82.3% [95% CI: 779.3%, 85.3%] for the independent temporal validation cohort). Exposure to PIs was associated with absence of DUs and was the most important therapeutic predictor. Further important factors associated with absence of DUs were lower modified Rodnan skin score, anti-Scl-70 negativity and normal CRP. Conversely, the exposure to phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, prostacyclin analogues or endothelin receptor antagonists seemed to be associated with the occurrence of DUs. Nonetheless, previous DUs remains the most impactful predictor of DUs. Conclusion The DU-VASC model, with good calibration and discrimination ability, revealed that PI treatment was the most important therapy-related predictor associated with reduced DU occurrence.

We describe an algorithm that constructs a list of all topological types of holomorphic actions of a finite group on a compact Riemann surface $C$ of genus at least $g \geq 2$ with $C/G \cong \mathbb{P}^1$., v2: corrected definition of Hurwitz equivalence using the braid group

Funder: Regione Lazio; Grant(s): Progetti Gruppi di Ricerca 2020 ID: A0375-2020-36597, Funder: AstraZeneca, Funder: Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro; Grant(s): MFAG-2017 ID:20447, IG-2021 ID: 25648, The AurkA kinase is a well-known mitotic regulator, frequently overexpressed in tumors. The microtubule-binding protein TPX2 controls AurkA activity, localization, and stability in mitosis. Non-mitotic roles of AurkA are emerging, and increased nuclear localization in interphase has been correlated with AurkA oncogenic potential. Still, the mechanisms leading to AurkA nuclear accumulation are poorly explored. Here, we investigated these mechanisms under physiological or overexpression conditions. We observed that AurkA nuclear localization is influenced by the cell cycle phase and nuclear export, but not by its kinase activity. Importantly, AURKA overexpression is not sufficient to determine its accumulation in interphase nuclei, which is instead obtained when AURKA and TPX2 are co-overexpressed or, to a higher extent, when proteasome activity is impaired. Expression analyses show that AURKA, TPX2, and the import regulator CSE1L are co-overexpressed in tumors. Finally, using MCF10A mammospheres we show that TPX2 co-overexpression drives protumorigenic processes downstream of nuclear AurkA. We propose that AURKA/TPX2 co-overexpression in cancer represents a key determinant of AurkA nuclear oncogenic functions.

Ferulago nodosa (L.) Boiss. (Apiaceae) is a species occurring in the Balkan-Tyrrhenian area being present in Crete, Greece, Albania, and probably in Macedonia. From the roots of this accession of species, not previously investigated, four coumarins, grandivittin, aegelinol benzoate, felamidin and aegelinol, and two terpenoids, (2E)-3-methyl-4-[(3-methyl-1-oxo-2-buten-1yl)oxy]-2-butenoic acid and pressafonin-A, were isolated and spectroscopically characterized. The last one was never detected in Ferulago species. The evaluation of the anti-tumor effects of F. nodosa coumarins on colon cancer HCT116 cells showed only a modest effect on reduction of tumor cell viability. For aegelinol, the reduction of colon cancer cell viability already appears with 25 µΜ, while using 50 e 100 µM doses of marmesin the residual viability amounted to 70% and 54%, respectively. This effect resulted more evident at higher doses of compounds (at 200 µM from 80% to 0%). The most effective compounds resulted coumarins lacking ester group.

Human-induced land-use change has resulted in substantial loss and degradation of habitat for forest-dwelling wildlife. The moor macaque Macaca maura, an Endangered primate endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia, has been observed in a wide array of habitats, including heavily modified areas, but little is known about the quality of these habitats. Here we compared the habitat quality of two areas occupied by moor macaque populations: a previously human-modified karst forest now located within a national park and a heavily modified forest located in an unprotected area. We assessed habitat quality by measuring specific indicators of potential food availability derived from vegetation data and quantified the nutritional environment based on macronutrient analysis of fruit samples collected at the two sites. Although the species richness, diversity and overall stem density of macaque food trees were greater in the protected area forest, total basal area and mean diameter at breast height were greater in the heavily modified forest. Mean metabolizable energy concentrations of fruits eaten by macaques were similar between forests, as were the proportions of protein, lipids and total non-structural carbohydrates. These results provide further support for the notion that heavily modified habitats should not be overlooked for their potential conservation value. To further augment their value, conservation efforts should focus on forest restoration, specifically the planting of fast-growing species that are utilized by both wildlife and people.

Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been widely adopted in the construction industry as a means of improving project efficiency, reducing errors, and facilitating collaboration among stakeholders. However, its potential for the infrastructure sector has not been fully explored. Infrastructure projects, such as roads, bridges, tunnels, and airports, are often complex and require the integration of multiple systems and disciplines. BIM has the potential to provide a digital representation of the infrastructure project, allowing for improved design, construction, and maintenance. This paper aims to explore the potential benefits of BIM in the infrastructure sector, examine the challenges to its implementation, and discuss best practices for successful adoption. By analysing a case study and industry trends, this paper will provide insights into how BIM can be leveraged to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of infrastructure projects, ultimately contributing to the development of smarter cities and infrastructure networks. By analysing a case study, this paper will provide insights into how BIM can be leveraged to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of infrastructure projects, ultimately contributing to the development of smarter cities and infrastructure networks. In particular, a virtual modelling in the BIM context of the North-South railway station of Riyadh designed by Arch. Ing. Dia Hilal has been proposed.

(1) Background: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with dismal prognosis and the role of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in high-risk resected patients is unclear. (2) Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of BTC patients who received curative intent surgery with microscopically positive resection margins (R1) and adjuvant chemoradioradiotherapy (CCRT) or chemotherapy (CHT) from January 2001 to December 201. (3) Results: Out of 65 patients who underwent R1 resection, 26 received adjuvant CHT and 39 adjuvant CCRT. The median recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the CHT and CHRT groups was 13.2 and 26.8 months, respectively (p = 0.41). Median overall survival (OS) was higher in the CHRT group (41.9 months) as compared to the CHT group (32.2 months), but the difference was not statistically significant (HR 0.88; p = 0.7). A promising trend in favor of CHRT was observed in N0 patients. Finally, no statistically significant differences were observed between patients undergoing adjuvant CHRT after R1 resection and patients treated with chemotherapy alone after R0 surgery. (4) Conclusions: Our study did not show a significant survival benefit with adjuvant CHRT over CHT alone in BTC patients with positive resection margins, while a promising trend was observed.

Milena Shrashimirova,1,* Ivan Tyanev,2,* Wiesław J Cubała,3,* Adam Wichniak,4,* Claudia Vodickova-Borzova,5,* Alessandro Ruggieri,6,* Annalisa Bonelli,6,* Paola Lipone,6,* Alessandro Comandini,6,* Agnese Cattaneo6,* 1Diagnostic Consultative Center 14, Hospital VITA, Sofia, Bulgaria; 2Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment, Medical Clinic, Targovishte, Bulgaria; 3Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; 4Third Department of Psychiatry and Sleep Disorders Center, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland; 5Psychiatry and Neurology, Brain-Soultherapy.s.r.o, Kladno, Czech Republic; 6Global Medical Department, Angelini Pharma S.p.A, Rome, Italy*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Alessandro Ruggieri, Global Medical Department, Angelini Pharma S.p.A, Viale Amelia 70, Rome, 00181, Italy, Tel +390691045309, Email alessandro.ruggieri@angelinipharma.comPurpose: This was an observational, prospective, single-group, multicentre, international study aimed to describe the clinical response, functional impairment, and quality of life (QoL) of patients suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) and in treatment with Trazodone Once-A-Day (TzOAD) monotherapy, over a 24-week period.Patients and Methods: A total of 200 patients with a diagnosis of MDD who had been treated with TzOAD monotherapy were enrolled from 26 sites across 3 European countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, and Poland), including psychiatric private practices, and outpatient departments from general and psychiatric hospitals. Study assessments were completed by physicians and patients during routine visits within the normal practice of care.Results: Clinical response was assessed by Clinical Global Impressions – Improvement (CGI-I) responders’ percentage at 24 (± 4) weeks. The majority of patients (86.5%) reported an improvement on the CGI-I compared to baseline. Results of the study confirm the well-known safety and tolerability of TzOAD, as well as its effectiveness on depressive symptoms, such as improvement in QoL, sleep quality, and overall functioning accompanied by favourable adherence and low drop-out rate.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first observational, long-term study in patients suffering from MDD, conducted with TzOAD. The improvement observed in clinical response, overall functioning, depressive symptoms, and QoL along the 24 weeks (+4) maintenance period and the very good retention rate, suggest that TzOAD may represent an effective and well tolerated treatment option for patients suffering from MDD.Keywords: major depressive disorder, trazodone, patient-reported outcome, real-world evidence, effectiveness, long-term follow-up

In the growing therapeutic armamentarium for heart failure (HF) management, vericiguat represents an innovative therapeutic option. The biological target of this drug is different from that of other drugs for HF. Indeed, vericiguat does not inhibit neuro-hormonal systems overactivated in HF or sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 but stimulates the biological pathway of nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which is impaired in patients with HF. Vericiguat has recently been approved by international and national regulatory authorities for the treatment of patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction who are symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy and have worsening HF. This ANMCO position paper summarises key aspects of vericiguat mechanism of action and provides a review of available clinical evidence. Furthermore, this document reports use indications based on international guideline recommendations and local regulatory authority approval at the time of writing.

Following the practice-changing results observed in several hematological and solid tumors, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been tested in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients. However, ICI monotherapy has had disappointing results in CCA, and phase I–III clinical trials have assessed whether combinatorial strategies including immunotherapy plus other anticancer agents may have a synergistic activity. The TOPAZ-1 trial has recently highlighted improved survival in CCA patients receiving first-line durvalumab plus gemcitabine–cisplatin compared with gemcitabine plus cisplatin alone, and several guidelines consider adding durvalumab to the reference doublet as standard of care. This article provides an overview of durvalumab pharmacology, safety and efficacy in CCA, highlighting current and future research directions in this setting.

Aim: Forward head posture (FHP) is a very common pathological neck posture among people who frequently use multimedia devices, and it could be related to some musculoskeletal disorders. However, its role in influencing lung function and its relationship with neck disability are still debated in the literature. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of FHP on respiratory function, and to explore a possible relationship between FHP and neck discomfort. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 83 subjects (35.7 ± 8.4 years aged), enrolled at the Ferrari corporate wellness program “Formula Benessere”. Craniovertebral angle (CVA) was measured with a digital goniometer to assess head posture: FHP was defined with a CVA < 50° in an upright position. Spirometry was conducted according to European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society (ERS/ATS) criteria. Finally, subjects enrolled were evaluated through a self-administered neck disability index (NDI) questionnaire. Results: Among the 60 participants with agreement about the CVA measurements, 45 had FHP (11 females and 34 males) with lower CVA values. No significant differences were found in spirometric parameters between subjects with FHP (n = 45) and subjects without FHP (n = 15). Furthermore, the two groups did not differ either in NDI scores (P = 0.148). Conclusions: There is no clear relationship between FHP and respiratory function indices. Moreover, no differences have been found in NDI values between subjects with FHP and subjects without FHP. Respiratory rehabilitation strategies should be focused on other parameters than FHP itself.

For several years, the autonomic nervous system has played a central role in the pathophysiological mechanism of atrial fibrillation (AF), so much so that it has been considered one of the cornerstones of Coumel’s triangle. The clinical and therapeutic management of AF secondary to sympatho–vagal imbalance represents one of the most important examples of how precision medicine should be applied. Increasing knowledge of this kind of arrhythmias has made it possible to select specific antiarrhythmic drugs and to diversify their use according to vagal or adrenergic AF forms. Ablative strategies, such as cardioneuroablation and non-direct cardiac neuromodulation methods (such as renal denervation and peripheral vagal stimulation), have gradually emerged. In the possibly near future, there will be a development of new acquisitions regarding new pharmacological therapeutic strategies and gene therapy. Finally, finding an AF in patients experiencing syncopal episodes opens a whole chapter regarding interesting, but also complex, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, ranging from neurally mediated forms to convulsive seizure that could also increase the risk of sudden death.

Introduction: The long-term problems caused by COVID-19 are still unclear. The quality of life of patients may be in evidence even several months after infection. OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of life and fatigue symptoms of post-covid-19 patients in paraíso do Tocantins. Main outcomes: Health-related quality of life assessed using the EQ-5D-5L and CFQ-11 scale. Materials and Methods: This study has a quantitative and qualitative character, collecting data records of people affected by the symptoms of fatigue in the post-covid and describing the quality of life they are having with this problem. The field research, exploratory study, and a data collection was done through 2 questionnaires, CFQ-11 and EQ-5D-5L, all questions were answered based on the individual's situation before and after cure of covid-19, characterizing changes in physical and mental states after infection. Results: 38 people were evaluated using the qualitative tests CFQ-11 and EQ-5D-5L. 60.53% of interviewees showed signs of fatigue from the CFQ-11 scale. For the EQ-5D-5L scale 26% and 29% of participants showed signs of moderate problems of pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression, respectively. For last, the EQ-VAS scale could show that 19 people stated to have a 70-80 health score of quality-of-life post-COVID. Conclusion: It was observed that fatigue after COVID-19 followed a trend in other similar literature, thus stressing the notoriety of the correlation between symptoms of fatigue in the post-COVID or covid-long with the worsening their quality of life. More tests need to be done to evaluate other factors that can influence the results.

Central giant cell granulomas (CGCG) are rare intraosseous osteolytic lesions of uncertain aetiology. Despite the benign nature of this neoplasia, the lesions can rapidly grow and become large, painful, invasive, and destructive. The identification of molecular drivers could help in the selection of targeted therapies for specific cases. TRPV4, KRAS and FGFR1 mutations have been associated with these lesions but no correlation between the mutations and patient features was observed so far. In this study, we analysed 17 CGCG cases of an Italian cohort and identified an interesting and significant (p=0.0021) correlation between FGFR1 mutations and age. In detail, FGFR1 mutations were observed frequently and exclusively in CGCG from young (18 years old) patients (4/5 lesions, 80%). Furthermore, the combination between ours and previously published data confirmed a significant difference in the frequency of FGFR1 mutations in CGCG from patients younger than 18 years at the time of diagnosis (9/23 lesions, 39%) when compared to older patients (1/31 lesions, 0.03%; p=0.0011), thus corroborating our observation in a cohort of 54 patients. FGFR1 variants in young CGCG patients could favour fast lesion growth, implying that they seek medical attention earlier. Our observation might help prioritise candidates for FGFR1 testing, thus opening treatment options with FGFR inhibitors.

Early menopause is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including aortic stenosis (AS). We sought to investigate the prevalence and impact of early menopause on clinical outcomes in patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe symptomatic AS. Women's International TAVI is a multinational, prospective, observational registry of women who underwent TAVI for severe symptomatic AS (n = 1,019). Patients were divided into 2 groups based on age of menopause: early menopause (age ≤45 years) and regular menopause (age >45 years). The primary outcome of interest was Valve Academic Research Consortium 2 efficacy end point, a composite of mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, hospitalization for valve-related symptoms, or heart failure or valve-related dysfunction at 1-year follow-up. Of 732 patients with available data on menopause age, 173 (23.6%) were classified as having early menopause. These patients presented for TAVI at a younger age (81.6 ± 6.9 vs 82.7 ± 5.9, p = 0.05) and had a significantly lower Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (6.6 ± 4.8 vs 8.2 ± 7.1, p = 0.03) than those with regular menopause. However, the total valve calcium volume was smaller among patients with early versus regular menopause (731.8 ± 850.9 mm3 vs 807.6 ± 633.8 mm3, p = 0.002). Other co-morbidities were similar between the 2 groups. At 1-year follow-up, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between patients with early versus regular menopause (hazard ratio 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.61 to 1.63, p = 1.00). In conclusion, despite presenting for TAVI at a younger age, patients with early menopause had a similar risk of adverse events as patients with regular menopause at 1 year after TAVI.

Fusarium is one of the most important phytopathogenic fungi of agricultural and human concern. More than 300 species have been described, many of which are pathogenic to important crops, flowers, forest trees, animals, and humans. Species belonging to this genus have been detected in all environments: grassland, desert, littoral, agricultural, alpine zones, aquatic, man-made, and hospitals. Despite the importance of molecular techniques for the identification of a fungal species, morphological criteria still have an important role, including for Fusarium species, for which morphological identification of species requires adequate training and experience. In this paper, we present FusaHelp, a computer-based, user-friendly tool for the morphological identification of common Fusarium species, based on the wide experience of the authors who have devoted most of their scientific careers to the identification and characterization of these species. The web-location of FusaHelp (https://www.fusahelp.com) will greatly facilitate morphological identification and is intended to provide support for all those people who work with this important genus and need a quick clue on the identification, even incomplete, of the Fusarium species that they are working with.

Digitalization techniques, such as photogrammetry (PG), are attracting the interest of experts in the cultural heritage field, as they enable the creation of three-dimensional virtual replicas of historical artifacts with 2D digital images. Indeed, PG allows for acquiring data regarding the overall appearance of an artifact, its geometry, and its texture. Furthermore, among several image-based techniques exploited for the conservation of works of art, multispectral imaging (MSI) finds great application in the study of the materials of historical items, taking advantage of the different responses of materials when exposed to specific wavelengths. Despite their great usefulness, PG and MSI are often used as separate tools. Integrating radiometric and geometrical data can notably expand the information carried by a 3D model. Therefore, this paper presents a novel research methodology that enables the acquisition of multispectral 3D models, combining the outcomes of PG and MSI (Visible (VIS), Ultraviolet-induced Visible Luminescence (UVL), Ultraviolet-Reflected (UVR), and Ultraviolet-Reflected False Color (UVR-FC) imaging) in a single coordinate system, using an affordable tunable set-up and open-source software. The approach has been employed for the study of two wooden artifacts from the Museo Egizio di Torino to investigate the materials present on the surface and provide information that could support the design of suitable conservation treatments.

Polydactyly, or hyperdactyly, is a frequent malformation, with a reported incidence between 0.37 and 1.2 per 1000 live births. Most cases encountered in medical practice are sporadic cases, usually presenting one-sided manifestations. More frequently, polydactyly can be detected prenatally through an ultrasound examination, if not, it is usually diagnosed at birth, during the first physical examination. Although the clinical diagnosis is relatively easy in patients with manifest cases, it can sometimes be present with mild or partial forms that are not clinically evident on physical examination, resulting in later diagnosis and treatment. We reported a particular case of polydactyly of the foot not clinically manifest, diagnosed in a 39-year-old Caucasian Male patient with a history of recurrent localized pain in the big toe often associated with subungual bleeding, since he was a child who came to our emergency room following a car accident. Polydactyly is a frequently reported congenital malformation which may present in many different varieties of deformities. In this case, the X-ray, which was required after a car accident, leads to the incidental diagnosis of polydactyly in an adult patient. As described, because of the functional limitations related to this malformation, as well as to limit recurrent pain, and subungual anomalies, the patient underwent to a surgical correction to improve its quality of life.

In order to provide useful tools for researchers in the design of actions to promote participation in web surveys, it is key to study the characteristics that define the profile of a “web respondent”, so that specific interventions can be planned. In this contribution, which draws on data collected during the 2019 housing population census in Italy, we define the set of familial and geographical characteristics that correspond to a greater probability that the interviewed household will choose to respond online, by estimating a multilevel model. The profile of a “computer-assisted web interview household” (CAWI-H) is then defined, on the basis of the structural characteristics of this population. Moreover, the geographical distribution of households is studied according to their distance from the CAWI-H profile. The results show that households that are more distant from the CAWI-H profile have characteristics that correspond to segments of the population generally affected by economic and social fragility; they are mainly elderly, foreigners, residents in small towns, and people with a low level of education. It is to these households in particular that survey designers can address specific actions that can enhance their willingness to participate in web surveys.

A multidisciplinary approach allowed to investigate the formation and evolution of gypsum blocks within the Riato Conglomerate outcropping in the Catanzaro Basin (Calabria, Southern Italy). Macroscopically, the gypsum blocks seem to belong to the branching facies (primary facies) known in literature, however microscopic observations reveal a detrital origin (secondary facies). Indeed, the gypsum blocks show an alternation of laminae made of selenite clasts (100 to 500μm) and of fine matrix engulfing relicts of selenite crystals (

Acute kidney injury (AKI) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a frequent complication associated with adverse outcomes and mortality. Various scores have been developed to predict this complication in the coronary setting. However, none have ever been tested in a large TAVI population. The present study aimed to evaluate the power of four (4) different scores in predicting AKI after TAVI.Overall, 1535 consecutive TAVI patients from the observational multicentric "Magna Graecia" TAVI registry were included in the analysis. Of the study population, 235 (15.31%) developed AKI early. The Mehran, William Beaumont Hospital, CRPatients who developed TAVI-related AKI had significantly higher absolute values of all risk scores than those who did not. Receiver operating characteristic analysis also showed a significant correlation between these four (4) scores and AKI, but without a significant difference among them all (p-value=0.176). Nevertheless, based on their area under the curve values (≤0.604 for all), none had adequate diagnostic accuracy in predicting TAVI-related AKI. Importantly, multivariate analysis identified myocardial revascularization close to the TAVI procedure and implantation of self-expanding prostheses, as well as atrial fibrillation, low-osmolar contrast media administration, corrected contrast medium volume, and any transfusion (p-value0.05 for all) as independent risk factors for AKI.Although high values of current AKI risk scores are significantly associated with the development of this complication, these are not sufficiently accurate. Further studies are needed so that a TAVI-dedicated AKI risk score may be created.

Objectives: Martini et al. developed a nomogram to predict significant (>25%) renal function loss after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and identified four risk categories. We aimed to externally validate Martini’s nomogram on a large, national, multi-institutional data set including open, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy. Methods: Data of 2584 patients treated with partial nephrectomy for renal masses at 26 urological Italian centers (RECORD2 project) were collected. Renal function was assessed at baseline, on third postoperative day, and then at 6, 12, 24, and 48 months postoperatively. Multivariable models accounting for variables included in the Martini’s nomogram were applied to each approach predicting renal function loss at all the specific timeframes. Results: Multivariable models showed high area under the curve for robot-assisted partial nephrectomy at 6- and 12-month (87.3% and 83.6%) and for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (83.2% and 75.4%), whereas area under the curves were lower in open partial nephrectomy (78.4% and 75.2%). The predictive ability of the model decreased in all the surgical approaches at 48 months from surgery. Each Martini risk group showed an increasing percentage of patients developing a significant renal function reduction in the open, laparoscopic and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy group, as well as an increased probability to develop a significant estimated glomerular filtration rate reduction in the considered time cutoffs, although the predictive ability of the classes was

To investigate demographic and clinical factors influencing the longitudinal changes of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dehiscence area after RPE tears, including the presence of RPE tear-associated repair proliferation (TARP), and identify factors associated with TARP development over follow-up.Retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study of patients with a history of macular neovascularization and RPE tear. The area of RPE dehiscence was measured on repeated short-wavelength fundus autofluorescence imaging. Associations between covariates and RPE dehiscence areas were tested with multivariable linear mixed models. Associations between TARP development and clinical variables were investigated with Cox regression models. Factors associated with visual acuity changing rates were explored with linear mixed models.Thirty-seven eyes of 36 patients were included in this study and followed for a median time of 18 months. Tear-associated repair proliferation was identified in 27 eyes (73%). The median time for TARP detection was 112 days; none of the investigated factors was significantly associated with TARP occurrence. The presence of TARP (estimate: -0.042 mm2/month; P = 0.001) and female gender (estimate: -0.035 mm2/month; P = 0.006) were associated with slower rates of RPE dehiscence enlargement over time. Faster rates of visual improvement were observed in eyes with TARP compared with those without TARP (estimate = -0.010 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution/month if TARP was present; P = 0.008).Retinal pigment epithelium tear repair with TARP and female gender were associated with slower RPE degeneration after RPE tears. The presence of TARP was associated better visual prognosis. Additional research on factors promoting TARP development may have therapeutic and prognostic implications.

Background: The combination of atezolizumab-bevacizumab has been proven to be superior to sorafenib for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma not amenable to locoregional treatments, be-coming the standard of care of systemic therapy.Aim: This study aimed at assessing real-world feasibility of atezolizumab-bevacizumab in patients treated with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors.Methods: Among 1447 patients treated with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors from January 2010 to December 2020, we assessed the percentage of those potentially eligible to atezolizumab-bevacizumab (according to IMbrave-150 trial criteria), and the overall survival of eligible and non-eligible patients.Results: 422 (29%) patients were qualified for atezolizumab-bevacizumab therapy. The main exclusion causes were Child-Pugh class and Performance Status. Adopting the more permissive inclusion criteria of SHARP trial, 535 patients became eligible. The median overall survival of tyrosine-kinase inhibitors patients was 14.9 months, longer in eligible patients than in their counterpart due to better baseline liver function and oncological features.Conclusion: Real-world data indicate that less than one-third of hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors are potentially eligible to atezolizumab-bevacizumab according to the reg-istration trial criteria. These patients have a longer survival than the non-eligible ones. If the selection criteria of atezolizumab-bevacizumab trial are maintained in clinical practice, tyrosine-kinase inhibitors will remain the most used systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma patients.(c) 2022 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Feasibility assessment and planning of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) require computed tomography (CT)-based analysis of geometric aortic features to identify adequate landing zones (LZs) for endograft deployment. However, no consensus exists on how to take the necessary measurements from CT image data. We trained and applied a fully automated pipeline embedding a convolutional neural network (CNN), which feeds on 3D CT images to automatically segment the thoracic aorta, detects proximal landing zones (PLZs), and quantifies geometric features that are relevant for TEVAR planning. For 465 CT scans, the thoracic aorta and pulmonary arteries were manually segmented; 395 randomly selected scans with the corresponding ground truth segmentations were used to train a CNN with a 3D U-Net architecture. The remaining 70 scans were used for testing. The trained CNN was embedded within computational geometry processing pipeline which provides aortic metrics of interest for TEVAR planning. The resulting metrics included aortic arch centerline radius of curvature, proximal landing zones (PLZs) maximum diameters, angulation, and tortuosity. These parameters were statistically analyzed to compare standard arches vs. arches with a common origin of the innominate and left carotid artery (CILCA). The trained CNN yielded a mean Dice score of 0.95 and was able to generalize to 9 pathological cases of thoracic aortic aneurysm, providing accurate segmentations. CILCA arches were characterized by significantly greater angulation (p = 0.015) and tortuosity (p = 0.048) in PLZ 3 vs. standard arches. For both arch configurations, comparisons among PLZs revealed statistically significant differences in maximum zone diameters (p < 0.0001), angulation (p < 0.0001), and tortuosity (p < 0.0001). Our tool allows clinicians to obtain objective and repeatable PLZs mapping, and a range of automatically derived complex aortic metrics.

Background In the last years, mutations in the exon 3 of CTNNB1 have emerged as a possible prognostic factor for recurrence in early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, especially in cases with no specific molecular profile (NSMP). Objective To define the prognostic value of CTNNB1 mutations in early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Electronic databases were searched from their inception to November 2020 for all studies assessing the prognostic value of CTNNB1 mutation in early stage (FIGO I–II) endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. Odds ratio (OR) for tumor recurrence and hazard ratio (HR) for disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated with a significant p value Results Seven studies with 1031 patients were included. Four studies were suitable for meta-analysis of OR and showed significant association between CTNNB1 mutation and the absolute number of recurrence (OR = 3.000; p = 0.019); the association became stronger after excluding patients with known molecular status other than NSMP (HR = 5.953; p = 0.012). Three studies were suitable for meta-analysis of HR and showed no significant association between CTNNB1 mutation and decreased DFS (HR = 1.847; p = 0.303); the association became significant after excluding patients with known molecular status other than NSMP (HR = 2.831; p = 0.026). Conclusion CTNNB1 mutation is significantly associated with recurrence in early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinomas, especially in the NSMP, appearing potentially useful in directing adjuvant treatment.

ContextThe risk stratification of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is crucial in clinical decision making. The most widely accepted method to assess risk of recurrent/persistent disease is described in the 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines. However, recent research has focused on the inclusion of novel features or questioned the relevance of currently included features.ObjectiveTo develop a comprehensive data-driven model to predict persistent/recurrent disease that can capture all available features and determine the weight of predictors.MethodsIn a prospective cohort study, using the Italian Thyroid Cancer Observatory (ITCO) database (NCT04031339), we selected consecutive cases with DTC and at least early follow-up data (n = 4773; median follow-up 26 months; interquartile range, 12-46 months) at 40 Italian clinical centers. A decision tree was built to assign a risk index to each patient. The model allowed us to investigate the impact of different variables in risk prediction.ResultsBy ATA risk estimation, 2492 patients (52.2%) were classified as low, 1873 (39.2%) as intermediate, and 408 as high risk. The decision tree model outperformed the ATA risk stratification system: the sensitivity of high-risk classification for structural disease increased from 37% to 49%, and the negative predictive value for low-risk patients increased by 3%. Feature importance was estimated. Several variables not included in the ATA system significantly impacted the prediction of disease persistence/recurrence: age, body mass index, tumor size, sex, family history of thyroid cancer, surgical approach, presurgical cytology, and circumstances of the diagnosis.ConclusionCurrent risk stratification systems may be complemented by the inclusion of other variables in order to improve the prediction of treatment response. A complete dataset allows for more precise patient clustering.

We report the first $> 99\%$ confidence detection of X-ray polarization in BL Lacertae. During a recent X-ray/$\gamma$-ray outburst, a 287 ksec observation (2022 November 27-30) was taken using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer ({\it IXPE}), together with contemporaneous multiwavelength observations from the Neil Gehrels {\it Swift} observatory and {\it XMM-Newton} in soft X-rays (0.3--10~keV), {\it NuSTAR} in hard X-rays (3--70~keV), and optical polarization from the Calar Alto, and Perkins Telescope observatories. Our contemporaneous X-ray data suggest that the {\it IXPE} energy band is at the crossover between the low- and high-frequency blazar emission humps. The source displays significant variability during the observation, and we measure polarization in three separate time bins. Contemporaneous X-ray spectra allow us to determine the relative contribution from each emission hump. We find $>99\%$ confidence X-ray polarization $\Pi_{2-4{\rm keV}} = 21.7^{+5.6}_{-7.9}\%$ and electric vector polarization angle $\psi_{2-4{\rm keV}} = -28.7 \pm 8.7^{\circ}$ in the time bin with highest estimated synchrotron flux contribution. We discuss possible implications of our observations, including previous {\it IXPE} BL Lacertae pointings, tentatively concluding that synchrotron self-Compton emission dominates over hadronic emission processes during the observed epochs., Comment: Accepted to ApJL. 16 pages, 8 figures

Full list of authors: Amaro-Seoane, Pau; Andrews, Jeff; Sedda, Manuel Arca; Askar, Abbas.; Baghi, Quentin; Balasov, Razvan; Bartos, Imre; Bavera, Simone S.; Bellovary, Jillian; Berry, Christopher P. L.; Berti, Emanuele; Bianchi, Stefano; Blecha, Laura; Blondin, Stephane; Bogdanovic, Tamara; Boissier, Samuel; Bonetti, Matteo; Bonoli, Silvia; Bortolas, Elisa; Breivik, Katelyn; Capelo, Pedro R.; Caramete, Laurentiu; Cattorini, Federico; Charisi, Maria; Chaty, Sylvain; Chen, Xian; Chruslinska, Martyna; Chua, Alvin J. K.; Church, Ross; Colpi, Monica; D'Orazio, Daniel; Danielski, Camilla; Davies, Melvyn B.; Dayal, Pratika; De Rosa, Alessandra; Derdzinski, Andrea; Destounis, Kyriakos; Dotti, Massimo; Dutan, Ioana; Dvorkin, Irina; Fabj, Gaia; Foglizzo, Thierry; Ford, Saavik; Fouvry, Jean-Baptiste; Franchini, Alessia; Fragos, Tassos; Fryer, Chris; Gaspari, Massimo; Gerosa, Davide; Graziani, Luca; Groot, Paul; Habouzit, Melanie; Haggard, Daryl; Haiman, Zoltan; Han, Wen-Biao; Istrate, Alina; Johansson, Peter H.; Khan, Fazeel Mahmood; Kimpson, Tomas; Kokkotas, Kostas; Kong, Albert; Korol, Valeriya; Kremer, Kyle; Kupfer, Thomas; Lamberts, Astrid; Larson, Shane; Lau, Mike; Liu, Dongliang; Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole; Lodato, Giuseppe; Lupi, Alessandro; Ma, Chung-Pei; Maccarone, Tomas; Mandel, Ilya; Mangiagli, Alberto; Mapelli, Michela; Mathis, Stephane; Mayer, Lucio; McGee, Sean; McKernan, Berry; Miller, M. Coleman; Mota, David F.; Mumpower, Matthew; Nasim, Syeda S.; Nelemans, Gijs; Noble, Scott; Pacucci, Fabio; Panessa, Francesca; Paschalidis, Vasileios; Pfister, Hugo; Porquet, Delphine; Quenby, John; Ricarte, Angelo; Roepke, Friedrich K.; Regan, John; Rosswog, Stephan; Ruiter, Ashley; Ruiz, Milton; Runnoe, Jessie; Schneider, Raffaella; Schnittman, Jeremy; Secunda, Amy; Sesana, Alberto; Seto, Naoki; Shao, Lijing; Shapiro, Stuart; Sopuerta, Carlos; Stone, Nicholas C.; Suvorov, Arthur; Tamanini, Nicola; Tamfal, Tomas; Tauris, Thomas; Temmink, Karel; Tomsick, John; Toonen, Silvia; Torres-Orjuela, Alejandro; Toscani, Martina; Tsokaros, Antonios; Unal, Caner; Vazquez-Aceves, Veronica; Valiante, Rosa; van Putten, Maurice; van Roestel, Jan; Vignali, Christian; Volonteri, Marta; Wu, Kinwah; Younsi, Ziri; Yu, Shenghua; Zane, Silvia; Zwick, Lorenz; Antonini, Fabio; Baibhav, Vishal; Barausse, Enrico; Bonilla Rivera, Alexander; Branchesi, Marica; Branduardi-Raymont, Graziella; Burdge, Kevin; Chakraborty, Srija; Cuadra, Jorge; Dage, Kristen; Davis, Benjamin; de Mink, Selma E.; Decarli, Roberto; Doneva, Daniela; Escoffier, Stephanie; Gandhi, Poshak; Haardt, Francesco; Lousto, Carlos O.; Nissanke, Samaya; Nordhaus, Jason; O'Shaughnessy, Richard; Portegies Zwart, Simon; Pound, Adam; Schussler, Fabian; Sergijenko, Olga; Spallicci, Alessandro; Vernieri, Daniele; Vigna-Gomez, Alejandro.-- This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/., The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be a transformative experiment for gravitational wave astronomy, and, as such, it will offer unique opportunities to address many key astrophysical questions in a completely novel way. The synergy with ground-based and space-born instruments in the electromagnetic domain, by enabling multi-messenger observations, will add further to the discovery potential of LISA. The next decade is crucial to prepare the astrophysical community for LISA’s first observations. This review outlines the extensive landscape of astrophysical theory, numerical simulations, and astronomical observations that are instrumental for modeling and interpreting the upcoming LISA datastream. To this aim, the current knowledge in three main source classes for LISA is reviewed; ultra-compact stellar-mass binaries, massive black hole binaries, and extreme or interme-diate mass ratio inspirals. The relevant astrophysical processes and the established modeling techniques are summarized. Likewise, open issues and gaps in our understanding of these sources are highlighted, along with an indication of how LISA could help making progress in the different areas. New research avenues that LISA itself, or its joint exploitation with upcoming studies in the electromagnetic domain, will enable, are also illustrated. Improvements in modeling and analysis approaches, such as the combination of numerical simulations and modern data science techniques, are discussed. This review is intended to be a starting point for using LISA as a new discovery tool for understanding our Universe. © The Author(s) 2023, corrected publication 2023., P. Dayal acknowledges support from the European Research council (ERC-717001) and from the Netherlands Research Council NWO (016.VIDI.189.162). P.H. Johansson acknowledges the support from the European Research Council (ERC-818930). S. Toonen acknowledges support from the Netherlands Research Council NWO (VENI 639.041.645 Grants) C. Unal is supported by European Structural and Investment Funds and the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Project CoGraDS - CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000437). S. Chaty acknowledges the LabEx UnivEarthS for the funding of Interface project I10 “From binary evolution towards merging of compact objects”. A. De Rosa acknowledges financial contribution from the agreement ASI-INAF n.2017-14-H.O E. Berti is supported by NSF Grants No. PHY-1912550 and AST-2006538, NASA ATP Grants No. 17-ATP17-0225 and 19-ATP19-0051, NSF-XSEDE Grant No. PHY-090003, and NSF Grant PHY-20043. D. Gerosa is supported by European Union’s H2020 ERC Starting Grant No. 945155–GWmining, Leverhulme Trust Grant No. RPG-2019-350 and Royal Society Grant No. RGS-R2-202004. T. Bogdanovic acknowledges support by the NASA award No. 80NSSC19K0319 and by the NSF award AST-1908042. D. Porquet acknowledges funding support from CNES. C. Danielski acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709) B.L. Davis acknowledges support from Tamkeen under the NYU Abu Dhabi Research Institute Grant CAP3. F. Pacucci acknowledges support from a Clay Fellowship by the SAO and from the Black Hole Initiative, which is funded by grants from the John Templeton Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. A.J. Ruiter acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council Future Fellowship Grant FT170100243. V. Paschalidis is supported by NSF Grant PHY-1912619 and NASA Grant 80NSSC20K1542 to the University of Arizona, and NSF-XSEDE Grant TG-PHY190020. D. Haggard acknowledges support from the NSERC Discovery Grant and Canada Research Chairs programs, and the Bob Wares Science Innovation Prospectors Fund. M. Toscani acknowledges European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 823823 (RISE DUSTBUSTERS project) and COST Action CA16104 - Gravitational waves, black holes and fundamental physics, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). M. Chruslinska, A. Istrate and G. Nelemans acknowledge support from Netherlands Research Council NWO. T. Fragos and S. Bavera acknowledge support from a Swiss National Science Foundation Professorship Grant (project numbers PP00P2_176868 and PP00P2_211006)., With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2021-001131-S).