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Evaluation of site amplification factors (SAFs) of seismic waves has been one of the important issues for evaluating seismic hazards. The authors have proposed a deep neural network (DNN) model in order to cost-effectively and accurately estimate SAF from microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (MHVR). In this study, we assessed the SAFs in southern Lima, Peru by estimating from MHVRs and DNN. First, we validated the applicability of the DNN model to Lima by estimating the SAFs from the MHVRs observed at seismic stations in Lima. From the comparison with the observed SAFs derived from spectral inversion technique, we confirmed that the SAFs in Lima were accurately estimated by the DNN model. The SAFs in the southern Lima including Chorrillos and Villa El Salvador districts were evaluated by applying the DNN model to the observed MHVRs at approximately 250 sites. We found that large amplifications at low frequency around 1 Hz were expected in the southeastern coastal areas formed by eolian sands whereas smaller amplification were estimated in the northwestern areas mainly located on alluvial deposits.

The identity of the freshwater crab, Aiyunamon tumidum (Wood-Mason, 1871), is clarified after the types are re-examined. The type series is mixed and includes specimens of two species. A syntype from Ponsee in Yunnan, P.R. China, is designated the lectotype of the species; those from Hotha in Yunnan are now referred to A. daiae (Zhang & Sun, in Zhang, Pan, Hao & Sun, 2020). Specimens which have previously been referred to as “A. tumidum” from other parts of Yunnan are here identified as a new species, Aiyunamon fatum sp. nov.. Aiyunamon fatum is most easily distinguished from congeners by the structure of the male first gonopod.

The visible-light-promoted and Ir-catalyzed C(sp3)-S cleavage of glycosyl thianthrenium salts is developed, and is successfully applied in the hydroglycosylation of a range of Michael acceptors, including Dha, via C5 or C6 radical additions.

Thyroid cancer is one of the most malignant tumors and a serious threat to human health. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that is critical for thyroid function. Since the relationship between Se and thyroid cancer remains unclear, a meta-analysis was performed to clarify the relationship. A total of five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane library) were searched for case-control studies and cohort studies on serum levels of Se and thyroid cancer published up to 13 July 2022. Seven articles consisting of 10 case-control studies and comprised of 2,205 subjects met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. From the 10 selected studies, pooled analysis indicated that thyroid cancer patients had lower serum levels of Se than healthy controls [standardized mean difference = -1.25, 95% confidence interval = (-2.07, -0.44)

Table S1 shows the raw result with adjustment for gender, age, education, income and BMI. provided by SPSS software. The joint effects by cumulative amount of smoking and alcohol drinking are assessed here, but no significant interaction is observed (p=0.088).

Table S2 shows the significant dietary results of univariate logistic regression analysis without adjustment for confounders. As mentioned in the article, each food or food type listed in Fig. 2 was analyzed to be statistically significant when conducting univariate logistic regression analysis, and some of them remained significant associations after performing adjusted logistic regression model (Fig. 2).

Table S3 shows the insignificant dietary results of univariate logistic regression analysis without adjustment for confounders. These insignificant data are not further analysed in the adjusted logistic regression model.

Supplementary Figures 1-6 from Reovirus Virotherapy Overrides Tumor Antigen Presentation Evasion and Promotes Protective Antitumor Immunity

Tumor-associated immunosuppressive strategies, such as lack of tumor antigen recognition and failure of lymphocyte activation and homing, resist the development of tumor-specific immunity and hamper the immune response–mediated elimination of cancerous cells. In this report, we show that reovirus virotherapy overrides such a tumor immune evasion and establishes clinically meaningful antitumor immunity capable of protecting against subsequent tumor challenge. Reovirus-mediated destruction of tumor cells facilitates the recognition of tumor antigens by promoting the display of otherwise inaccessible tumor-specific immunogenic peptides on the surface of dendritic cells (DC). Furthermore, on exposure to reovirus, DCs produce IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40/70, IL-17, CD30L, eotaxin, GM-CSF, KC, MCP-1, MCP-5, M-CSF, MIG, MIP-1α, RANTES, TNF-α, VCAM-1, VSGF, CXCL-16, AXL, and MCP-2; undergo maturation; and migrate into the tumor microenvironment along with CD8 T cells. These reovirus-activated DCs also acquire the capacity to prime tumor antigen–specific transgenic T cells in vitro and intrinsic antitumor T-cell response in vivo. Further, reovirus virotherapy augments the efficacy of DC- or T cell–based anticancer immunotherapies and synergistically enhances the survival in tumor-bearing mice. Most importantly, antitumor cellular immune responses initiated during reovirus oncotherapy protect the host against subsequent tumor challenge in a reovirus-independent but antigen-dependent manner. These reovirus oncotherapy–initiated antitumor immune responses represent an anticancer therapeutic entity that can maintain a long-term cancer-free health even after discontinuation of therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(11); 2924–33. ©2010 AACR.

Supplementary Figure 5 from Oncogenic Ras Promotes Reovirus Spread by Suppressing IFN-β Production through Negative Regulation of RIG-I Signaling

Supplementary Figure 1 from Oncogenic Ras Promotes Reovirus Spread by Suppressing IFN-β Production through Negative Regulation of RIG-I Signaling

Supplementary Figure 2 from Oncogenic Ras Promotes Reovirus Spread by Suppressing IFN-β Production through Negative Regulation of RIG-I Signaling

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-6 from Oncogenic Ras Promotes Reovirus Spread by Suppressing IFN-β Production through Negative Regulation of RIG-I Signaling

Supplementary Figure 4 from Oncogenic Ras Promotes Reovirus Spread by Suppressing IFN-β Production through Negative Regulation of RIG-I Signaling

Supplementary Figure 6 from Oncogenic Ras Promotes Reovirus Spread by Suppressing IFN-β Production through Negative Regulation of RIG-I Signaling

Supplementary Figure 3 from Oncogenic Ras Promotes Reovirus Spread by Suppressing IFN-β Production through Negative Regulation of RIG-I Signaling

Reovirus is the first naturally occurring human virus reported to exploit activated Ras signaling in the host cell for infection, and is currently undergoing clinical trials as a cancer therapeutic. Recent evidence suggests that Ras transformation promotes three reoviral replication steps during the first round of infection: uncoating of the incoming virion, generation of progeny viruses with enhanced infectivity, and virus release through enhanced apoptosis. Whether oncogenic Ras also enhances reovirus spread in subsequent rounds of infection through other mechanisms has not been examined. Here, we show that compared with nontransformed cells, Ras-transformed cells are severely compromised not only in their response to IFN-β, but also in the induction of IFN-β mRNA following reovirus infection. Defects in both IFN-β production and response allow for efficient virus spread in Ras-transformed cells. We show that the MEK/ERK pathway downstream of Ras is responsible for inhibiting IFN-β expression by blocking signaling from the retinoic acid–inducible gene I (RIG-I) which recognizes viral RNAs. Overexpression of wild-type RIG-I restores INF-β expression in reovirus-infected Ras-transformed cells. In vitro–synthesized viral mRNAs also invoke robust RIG-I–mediated IFN-β production in transfected nontransformed cells, but not in Ras-transformed cells. Collectively, our data suggest that oncogenic Ras promotes virus spread by suppressing viral RNA–induced IFN-β production through negative regulation of RIG-I signaling. Cancer Res; 70(12); 4912–21. ©2010 AACR.

Site amplification factors (SAFs) of S wave at ground surface are crucial for evaluating and predicting seismic ground motions. This study proposed a novel methodology for directly estimating S-wave SAF from microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (MHVR) based on deep neural network (DNN) model. We analyzed site amplifications obtained from generalized spectral inversion technique and microtremor data observed at Kyoshin net and Kiban–Kyoshin network sites in Chugoku district, western Japan. The DNN model was developed using peak frequency and the frequency-dependent relationship between MHVRs and SAFs. The sites were divided into training set, validation set, and test set. The training set and validation set were used in k-fold cross-validation technique to evaluate and select optimal model. Once the optimal model had been determined, the model was employed on the test set that was completely independent of the training and validation set for evaluating the generalization performance. Residuals and root mean square errors between the estimated and observed SAFs were evaluated to discuss the applicability of the proposed model. We also confirmed that the DNN model shows better performance in estimating SAFs compared with the existing double empirical correction method.

Background the effects regarding n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation on sarcopenia have been explored by several clinical trials. Nonetheless, the use of n-3 PUFA for improving body composition, muscle strength and physical performance in older people is conflicting. Objectives our aim was to perform a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial to evaluate the effects of 6-month n-3 PUFA supplementation on body composition, muscle strength and physical performance in older Chinese people. Methods in this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 200 eligible subjects were randomly assigned to receive 4 g/day fish oil capsules (1.34 g eicosapentaenoic [EPA] + 1.07 docosahexaenoic [DHA]) or 4 g/day corn oil capsules (EPA + DHA Results compared with control group, fish oil-derived n-3 PUFA supplementation resulted in significant increases in thigh circumference (interaction time × group effect P Conclusions our present trial demonstrated that a 6-month fish oil-derived n-3 PUFA supplementation could beneficially affect the body composition, muscle strength, physical performance and serum lipid profiles in older people, which could be into considerations when making strategies aiming to the primary prevention of sarcopenia.

A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Teretamon Yeo & Ng, 2007, Teretamon husicum sp. nov., is described here from Husa Town, Longchuan County, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. Teretamon husicum sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species by a suite of morphological characters, including a bilobed frontal margin, smooth posterolateral regions, and a broadly rounded dorsal flap on the G1 terminal segment. An updated identification key for the species of the genus Teretamon is provided.

Aims: Obesity and dyslipidemia are risk factors for insulin resistance and T2D development. The potential mechanism of progression of diabetes by the metabolomics approach is still unclear. This cross-sectional study aims to identify the metabolites related to T2D and T2D combined with obesity or hyperlipidemia. Materials and methods: 58 T2D patients were allocated to 3 groups (T2D (n=20), T2D + obesity (n=12), T2D + hyperlipidemia groups (n=26)). An age-matched healthy subjects were recruited as the control group (n=20). The fasting serum was obtained for cytokine detection and metabolomics analysis. Results: The highest levels of serum growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) were found in the patients with T2D and obesity. Finally, 20 metabolites between the T2D + obesity and Healthy control groups, 32 metabolites between the T2D + hyperlipidemia and Healthy control groups, 11 metabolites between the T2D + obesity and the T2D groups, and 13 metabolites between the T2D + hyperlipidemia and the T2D groups were found significantly distinct. Amino acid metabolism was disturbed for patients with T2D with/without obesity or hyperlipidemia mainly including D-glutamine and D-glutamate, taurine and hypotaurine, beta-alanine, alanine, aspartate and glutamate, arginine and proline, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. In addition, beta-alanine, glycine, serine and threonine, arginine and proline, and pyruvate metabolism may be involved in the patients with T2D with obesity or hyperlipidemia compared with patients with T2D. Conclusions: Overall, obesity and hyperlipidemia may aggravate the progression of T2D by disruption of amino acid metabolism.

The aim of this study was to examine the association between dietary patterns and high blood glucose in Jiangsu province of China by using structural equation modelling (SEqM). Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study were recruited through the 2015 Chinese Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance Program in Jiangsu province using a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method. Dietary patterns were defined by exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the fitness of EFA. SEqM was used to investigate the association between dietary patterns and high blood glucose. Results: After exclusion, 3137 participants with complete information were analysed for this study. The prevalence of high blood glucose was 9.3% and 8.1% in males and females, respectively. Two dietary patterns: the modern dietary pattern (i.e., high in red meats and its products, vegetables, seafood, condiments, fungi and algae, main grains and poultry; low in other grains, tubers and preserves), and the fruit–milk dietary pattern (i.e., high in milk and its products, fruits, eggs, nuts and seeds and pastry snacks, but low in vegetable oils) were established. Modern dietary pattern was found to be positively associated with high blood glucose in adults in Jiangsu province (multivariate logistic regression: OR = 1.561, 95% CI: 1.025~2.379; SEqM: β = 0.127, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The modern dietary pattern—high intake of red meats—was significantly associated with high blood glucose among adults in Jiangsu province of China, while the fruit–milk dietary pattern was not significantly associated with high blood glucose.

Elevated reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition is a concern for alpine ecosystems, and dry NH3 deposition is a key contributor. Understanding how emission hotspots impact downwind ecosystems through dry NH3 deposition provides opportunities for effective mitigation. However, direct NH3 flux measurements with sufficient temporal resolution to quantify such events are rare. Here, we measured NH3 fluxes at Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP) during two summers and analyzed transport events from upwind agricultural and urban sources in northeastern Colorado. We deployed open-path NH3 sensors on a mobile laboratory and an eddy covariance tower to measure NH3 concentrations and fluxes. Our spatial sampling illustrated an upslope event that transported NH3 emissions from the hotspot to RMNP. Observed NH3 deposition was significantly higher when backtrajectories passed through only the agricultural region (7.9 ng m–2 s–1) versus only the urban area (1.0 ng m–2 s–1) and both urban and agricultural areas (2.7 ng m–2 s–1). Cumulative NH3 fluxes were calculated using observed, bidirectional modeled, and gap-filled fluxes. More than 40% of the total dry NH3 deposition occurred when air masses were traced back to agricultural source regions. More generally, we identified that 10 (25) more national parks in the U.S. are within 100 (200) km of an NH3 hotspot, and more observations are needed to quantify the impacts of these hotspots on dry NH3 deposition in these regions.

The systematics of two problematic potamid species, Sinopotamon koatenense (Rathbun, 1904) and Sinopotamon wuyiensis Li, Lin, Cheng & Tang, 1985, both originally described from the Wuyi Mountains are resolved in this study. Sinopotamon koatenense is transferred to the genus Huananpotamon Dai & Ng, 1994, as the new combination Huananpotamon koatenensecomb. nov. The new combination differs from its congeners in the form of the carapace, male pleon, male first gonopod, and vulvae. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences support the identification of Huananpotamon koatenensecomb. nov. and a redescription is also provided. In addition, S. wuyiensis is confirmed as a junior synonym of Sinopotamon fukienense Dai & Chen, 1979 based on morphological similarities and phylogenetic lineages.

The effects of dietary fat on health are influenced by its fatty acid profile. We aimed to determine the effects of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich blended oils (BO) containing a balance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and with a low n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio on the health of rats fed normal or high-fat diets. The BO was obtained by mixing red palm oil, rice bran oil (RO), tea seed oil and flaxseed oil in appropriate proportions.BO consumption reduced the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), insulin (INS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 (IL-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxide (LPO) and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) concentrations and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); it increased the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations, and the bone mineral density (BMD) versus control oil-containing normal and high-fat diets. BO also reduced the triglyceride (TG), hs-CRP, MDA, ox-LDL and reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations; and increased the serum HDL-C and SOD, and BMD versus RO-containing high-fat diets. Finally, BO reduced the glucose (GLU) and INS, and HOMA-IR; it increased HDL-C, SOD, femoral weight and BMD versus RO-containing normal diets.BOs with an appropriate fatty acid profile have beneficial effects on the glucolipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress and bone quality of rats when included in both normal and high-fat diets. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

Two new Chinese species of potamid freshwater crabs, Huananpotamon shangyouensesp. nov. and Minpotamon auritumsp. nov., are described from Fujian and Jiangxi, eastern China, respectively. The two new species can be distinguished from their closest congeners by carapace features and structures of the male first gonopods. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences support the establishment of the two new species.

Objective To investigate the ability of phase angle (PA) and body composition for predicting protein energy wasting (PEW) in renal replacement therapy (RRT) patients. Methods Renal replacement therapy (RRT) patients were enrolled in this study. Body composition was measured by direct segmental multi‐frequency biolectrical impedance analysis method (DSM‐BIA); phase angle (PA), fat‐free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), mid‐arm circumference (MAC), WC (waist circumference), and ECW/TBW (extracellular water/total body water) were obtained. Biochemicals (serum albumin, triglyceride, and cholesterol) were tested. PEW patients were classified according to ISRNM (The International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism) criteria. Cutoff value of PA and related variables was calculated by ROC analysis. The ability of body composition variables as indicators to predict PEW was evaluated. Results Sixty‐four patients were enrolled in this study. Thirty‐three patients (52.6%) were males, and forty (62.5%) patients were diagnosed with PEW. The ROC curve showed that the optimal cutoff values of PA, FFMI (fat‐free mass index), MAC, WC, and BMI for PEW risk were 4.45°, 16.71, 29.7 cm, 86.4 cm, and 21.1 kg/m2, respectively. These indicators showed significant association with PEW; meanwhile, the PA and MAC can be used as the predictors for PEW with OR 6.333 (95% CI, 1.956–20.505) and 3.267 (95% CI, 1.136–9.394), respectively. Both groups have a lower BUN/Cr ratio (, Protein energy wasting is prevalence in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on renal replacement therapy by the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism. Phase angle and mid‐arm circumference can be used as the independent and reliable indicators for the noninvasive predicting of protein energy wasting and evaluating nutrition status in CKD patients.

In recent years, the prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) have increased sharply worldwide. In order to evaluate the effect of chromium supplementation on patients with type 2 diabetes, a meta-analysis was conducted by searching the relevant literature. Randomized controlled trials on the effects of chromium supplements on glucose metabolism or lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes were retrieved from multiple databases. Literature screening, quality evaluation, and data extraction were conducted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and Review Manager 5.4.0 was used for data analysis. A total of 10 randomized controlled trials involving 509 patients were included, including 269 cases in the experimental group and 240 cases in the placebo control group. Statistical analysis was conducted on the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to evaluate the blood glucose and lipid levels. Meta-analysis results showed that the differences between the experimental group and the control group in only one indicator of HbA1c were statistically significant, while there were no statistically significant differences in other indicators. The use of chromium supplements can reduce the glycosylated hemoglobin of type 2 diabetic patients to a certain extent, but it cannot effectively improve the fasting blood glucose and blood lipid levels of type 2 diabetic patients.

Gut microbiota is closely related to the health of the host and its adaptation to environmental changes. Sinopotamon planum is a species of freshwater crab that lives in the water for three seasons and plays a key role in freshwater ecosystems as a benthic macroinvertebrate, an important indicator of aquatic ecological health. In this study, we sequenced 60 gut microbial samples of S. planum and nine microbial samples from the surrounding water in spring, summer, and autumn based on the 16S rRNA gene. The results showed that gut microbiota had the highest alpha diversity in summer, which may be related to increased adaptability in summer. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota were the most dominant phyla of gut microbiota across three seasons, with Candidatus Hepatoplasma and Candidatus Bacilloplasma being the main genera. These main phyla and genera may be key to maintaining a stable function of the intestinal environment. Firmicutes was the phylum with the highest relative abundance, which is probably related to the carnivorous behaviour of S. planum. The abundant C. Hepatoplasma may be related to the starvation of S. planum in the wild. In both gut and water microbiota, beta diversity analyses showed significant differences across seasons. Comparative analysis of gut microbes and surrounding water microbes showed significant differences in microbial diversity and composition between gut and surrounding water. In conclusion, the structure of the gut microbial community of S. planum differed significantly between the studied seasons, but the water microbial community around S. planum was less variable and significantly different from the gut microbes. The seasonal differences in gut microbes are more likely the result of self-internal adaptation to changes in water temperature and food resources between seasons.

It is hypothesized that vitamin B12 may prevent tumor initiation during the early stage of carcinogenesis such as esophageal precancerous lesions (EPL), whereas an excessive level may promote tumor progression during the later stages of carcinogenesis. This study aimed to determine the role of vitamin B12 in EPL by detecting vitamin B12-related markers in both blood and diet. This case–control study based on 3-day duplicated diet samples was conducted in a high-risk area of Huai'an, China. A 100 EPL cases and 100 healthy controls matched by gender, age (± 2 years) and villages were included. Dietary intake of vitamin B12 and cobalt, plasma cobalt level, the serum levels of vitamin B12 and transcobalamin II (TC II) were quantitatively analyzed. Dietary vitamin B12 intake (p for trend = 0.384) and plasma cobalt level (p for trend = 0.253) were not associated with EPL risk, but high dietary cobalt intake (p for trend = 0.034), increased serum levels of vitamin B12 (p for trend = 0.036) and TC II (p for trend

ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association between high ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and depression.MethodsThe authors conducted a meta-analysis of research articles on the association of high ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs with the risk of depression published in the online article database on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library as of December 2021. Pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated using random effects models. Publication bias was assessed visually by funnel plots and statistically by the Egger’s and Begg’s tests.ResultsFinally, 12 studies included in this systematic review and meta-analysis with a total of 66,317 participants (including 4,173 individuals with depression condition). The pooled results showed that high ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs might be positively associated with depression [OR = 1.21, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.04∼1.41]. The I2 test indicated that there was a substantial statistical heterogeneity across the included studies (I2 = 54.38%, P = 0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that high ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs in blood had no significant association with depression (OR = 1.15, 95%CI: 0.88∼1.50), while high ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs in dietary supplements was positively associated with depression (OR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.16∼1.51).ConclusionThis meta-analysis confirmed the association between high ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs and the risk of depression. High ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs in dietary supplementation was positively associated with depression, but had no significant association in the blood. This study suggested that lowering the dietary intake of the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs would be beneficial in the prevention of depression.

Cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of death worldwide for decades. Some animal studies have indicated that oatmeal could improve gut microbiota and cardiometabolic risk markers. However, vivo evidence remained limited, especially in individuals with mild hypercholesterolemia. Our purpose was to explore the beneficial effects of oatmeal on serum lipids, oxidative stress and inflammation levels, and their correlations with gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in mildly hypercholesterolemic individuals. The study was a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 62 qualified participants were randomly divided into control group and oatmeal group with a 45-day follow-up. 16S rDNA and Gas-Chromatography Mass Spectrometry were employed respectively to measure the changes in gut microbiota and SCFAs at the start and the end of the intervention period. Cardiometabolic risk markers were assayed via commercial kits. The results suggested that oatmeal could significantly decrease serum total cholesterol (TC) (-8.59 %, p = 0.013), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (-12.97 %, p = 0.004) and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) (-10.98 %, p = 0.040) level. In terms of oxidative stress, oatmeal significantly increased serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (21.98 %, p 0.001), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (15.53 %, p = 0.044) levels and decreased concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) (-19.11 %, p = 0.033) compared with control group. While no significant effect was observed in inflammatory factors. SCFAs results indicated that oatmeal could significantly increase serum acetic acid, propionic acid and valeric acid. The results of 16S rDNA showed that there was a significant difference in the alteration of β-diversity between groups throughout the whole trial. Oatmeal resulted in the increases of Akkermansia, Dialister, Faecalibacterium, Barnesiella, Agathobacter, Lactobacillus and the decrease of Ruminococcaceae-MK4A214-group. Correlation analysis further suggested that the lipids regulation effect of oatmeal may be mainly mediated by Lactobacillus and Dialister, as well as some SCFAs (e.g., acetic acid and propionic acid), while Barnesiella and Akkermansia may play a crucial role in ameliorating oxidative stress level. In conclusion, despite of its small sample size, the present study is the first clinical trial performed in Chinese individuals with mild hypercholesterolemia to explore the effects of oatmeal on serum lipids, oxidative stress, inflammation levels, and gut microbiota. The results demonstrated that oatmeal could induce some beneficial changes in serum lipids, oxidative stress, gut microbiota composition and SCFAs. Correlation analysis further extended our understanding of the role of gut microbiota and SCFAs in improving cardiometabolic risk markers.

To evaluate the association betweenTwo hundred patients with esophageal precancerous lesions (EPL) aged 63.01 ± 6.08 years and 200 healthy controls aged 62.85 ± 6.03 years were included in this case-control study. Epidemiological data and qualitative food frequency data were investigated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measuring serum immunoglobulin G antibodies was used to determineA total of 47 (23.5%) EPL cases and 58 (29.0%) healthy controls had positiveOur study suggested that

A new genus and new species of freshwater crab, Barbamon zhouigen. nov., sp. nov., belonging to the subfamily Potamiscinae Bott, 1970 (Potamidae Ortmann, 1896) is described from Wenshan Zhuangzu and Miaozu Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China. The new genus is established based on a unique combination of characters, including the distinctive shape of the male first gonopod, and the setose ventral surface of the third maxilliped, suborbital and pterygostomial regions, and ambulatory legs. Barbamongen. nov. is similar in external appearance to AbormonMitra, Pati & Ng, 2021. The new genus, however, is distinctive in the combination of characters related to the carapace, third maxilliped, and male first gonopod. Molecular phylogenetic data derived from mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences provides genetic support for the new genus and species.

China’s gains in food production over the past four decades have been associated with substantial agricultural nitrogen losses, which contribute to air and water pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and damage to human health. Here, we explore the potential to improve agricultural production practices that simultaneously increase yields while addressing these environmental challenges. We link agronomic research with air quality modelling for an integrated assessment of four improved nitrogen management strategies: improved farm management practices with nitrogen use reductions; machine deep placement of fertilizer; enhanced-efficiency fertilizer use; and improved manure management. We find that simultaneous implementation of the four strategies provides the largest benefits, which include: reductions in PM2.5 concentrations and associated premature deaths; increases in grain yields and grain nitrogen use efficiency; reductions in NO3− leaching and runoff and greenhouse gas emissions. Total benefits of US$30 billion per year exceed the US$18 billion per year in costs. Our findings indicate that policies that improve farmers’ agricultural nitrogen management in China will improve both food security and public health while addressing multiple environmental challenges. Similar increases in attention on agricultural policy around the world are likely to provide large benefits in food security, environmental integrity and public health. Nitrogen use has increased food security in China but also poses environmental problems. Agricultural nitrogen management strategies are identified for China that will improve food security and public health while addressing multiple environmental challenges.

Purpose N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is reported to play a critical role in cancer through various mechanisms. We aimed to construct and validate an m6A RNA methylation regulators-based prognostic signature for Esophageal cancer (ESCA). Materials and methods The RNA sequencing transcriptome data of 13 m6A RNA methylation regulators as well as clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ESCA database. The differential expression of the regulators between ESCA tissues and normal tissues was assessed. Consensus clustering was conducted to explore the different ESCA clusters based on the expression of these regulators. LASSO Cox regression analysis was used to generate a prognostic signature based on m6A RNA methylation regulators expression. Results Eight regulators (KIAA1429, HNRNPC, RBM15, METTL3, WTAP, YTHDF1, YTHDC1, and YTHDF2) were found to be significantly upregulated in ESCA tissues. Significant differences of survival rate and clinicopathological features were found between the two clusters. A prognostic signature, which consists of HNRNPC and ALKBH5, was constructed based on the TCGA ESCA cohort, which can serve as an independent prognostic predictor. The results of bioinformatics analysis were further successfully validated in the clinical ESCA cohort by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry staining. Conclusion Our study constructed and validated an m6A RNA methylation regulators-based prognostic signature. This might provide important information for developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

PurposeThis study aimed to provide a clear comparable figure of the trends in incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer (EC) in Huai’an District, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province, China, a high-risk area for EC.MethodsThe data for age- and sex-specific incidence rates between 1998 and 2016, the mortality rates in 1990-2016 and the number of EC patients were obtained from Huai’an District Cancer Registry. Crude rates, Age-standardized rates (ASRs) by world standard population and truncated age-standardized rates of EC incidence and mortality were calculated. The joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the annual percent changes (APC), average annual percent changes (AAPC), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsOverall, 20,892 new EC cases and 20,806 EC deaths were registered in Huai’an District. ASR of EC incidence from 1998 to 2016 and mortality from 1990 to 2016 were 73.32/100,000 and 60.03/100,000, respectively. The ASR illustrated that the incidence of EC had significant downward trends in total, male and female (AAPC = −4.65, −4.90, and −5.51, respectively, p ConclusionIn summary, the incidence and mortality rates of EC showed downward trends in Huai’an District. However, the burden of EC still remained serious in this high-risk area. Cost-effective methods of intervention and health education should be enhanced for improving EC prevention.