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1. HOLMES - The Electron Capture Decay of 163Ho to Measure the Electron Neutrino Mass with sub-eV sensitivity

Author

Alpert, B., Balata, M., Bennett, D., Biasotti, M., Boragno, C., Brofferio, C., Ceriale, V., Corsini, D., Day, P. K., De Gerone, M., Dressler, R., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Fowler, J., Gatti, F., Giachero, A., Hays-Wehle, J., Heinitz, S., Hilton, G., Koester, U., Lusignoli, M., Maino, M., Mates, J., Nisi, S., Nizzolo, R., Nucciotti, A., Pessina, G., Pizzigoni, G., Puiu, A., Ragazzi, S., Reintsema, C., Gomes, M. Ribeiro, Schmidt, D., Schumann, D., Sisti, M., Swetz, D., Terranova, F., Ullom, J., Alpert, B, Balata, M, Bennett, D, Biasotti, M, Boragno, C, Brofferio, C, Ceriale, V, Corsini, D, Day, P, De Gerone, M, Dressler, R, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Fowler, J, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Hays Wehle, J, Heinitz, S, Hilton, G, Köster, U, Lusignoli, M, Maino, M, Mates, J, Nisi, S, Nizzolo, R, Nucciotti, A, Pessina, G, Pizzigoni, G, Puiu, P, Ragazzi, S, Reintsema, C, Gomes, M, Schmidt, D, Schumann, D, Sisti, M, Swetz, D, Terranova, F, and Ullom, J

Subjects
Probabilities, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Engineering (miscellaneous), Mare Experiment, Microcalorimeter Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear-Data, FIS/04 - FISICA NUCLEARE E SUBNUCLEARE
Abstract

The European Research Council has recently funded HOLMES, a new experiment to directly measure the neutrino mass. HOLMES will perform a calorimetric measurement of the energy released in the decay of 163Ho. The calorimetric measurement eliminates systematic uncertainties arising from the use of external beta sources, as in experiments with beta spectrometers. This measurement was proposed in 1982 by A. De Rujula and M. Lusignoli, but only recently the detector technological progress allowed to design a sensitive experiment. HOLMES will deploy a large array of low temperature microcalorimeters with implanted 163Ho nuclei. The resulting mass sensitivity will be as low as 0.4 eV. HOLMES will be an important step forward in the direct neutrino mass measurement with a calorimetric approach as an alternative to spectrometry. It will also establish the potential of this approach to extend the sensitivity down to 0.1 eV. We outline here the project with its technical challenges and perspectives., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures

Published
2014
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2. New constraint on the existence of the μ+ → e+ γ decay

Author

Adam, J., Bai, X., Baldini, A. M., Baracchini, E., Bemporad, C., Boca, G., Cattaneo, P. W., Cavoto, G., Cei, F., Cerri, C., de Bari, A., De Gerone, M., Doke, T., Dussoni, S., Egger, J., Fujii, Y., Galli, L., Gatti, Flavio, Golden, B., Grassi, M., Graziosi, A., Grigoriev, D. N., Haruyama, T., Hildebrandt, M., Hisamatsu, Y., Ignatov, F., Iwamoto, T., Kaneko, D., Kettle, P. R., Khazin, B. I., Khomotov, N., Kiselev, O., Korenchenko, A., Kravchuk, N., Lim, G., Maki, A., Mihara, S., Molzon, W., Mori, T., Mzavia, D., Nardò, R., Natori, H., Nicolò, D., Nishiguchi, H., Nishimura, Y., Ootani, W., Panareo, M., Papa, A., Piredda, G., Popov, A., Renga, F., Ripiccini, E., Ritt, S., Rossella, M., Sawada, R., Sergiampietri, F., Signorelli, G., Suzuki, S., Tenchini, F., Topchyan, C., Uchiyama, Y., Voena, C., Xiao, F., Yamada, S., Yamamoto, A., Yamashita, S., You, Z., Yudin, Y. u. V., Zanello, D., Adam, J, Bai, X, Baldini, A. M, Baracchini, E, Bemporad, C, Boca, G, Cattaneo, P. W, Cavoto, G, Cei, F, Cerri, C, de Bari, A, De Gerone, M, Doke, T, Dussoni, S, Egger, J, Fujii, Y, Galli, L, Gatti, F, Golden, B, Grassi, M, Graziosi, A, Grigoriev, D. N, Haruyama, T, Hildebrandt, M, Hisamatsu, Y, Ignatov, F, Iwamoto, T, Kaneko, D, Kettle, P. R, Khazin, B. I, Khomotov, N, Kiselev, O, Korenchenko, A, Kravchuk, N, Lim, G, Maki, A, Mihara, S, Molzon, W, Mori, T, Mzavia, D, Nardò, R, Natori, H, Nicolò, D, Nishiguchi, H, Nishimura, Y, Ootani, W, Panareo, Marco, Papa, A, Piredda, G, Popov, A, Renga, F, Ripiccini, E, Ritt, S, Rossella, M, Sawada, R, Sergiampietri, F, Signorelli, G, Suzuki, S, Tenchini, F, Topchyan, C, Uchiyama, Y, Voena, C, Xiao, F, Yamada, S, Yamamoto, A, Yamashita, S, You, Z, Yudin, Yu V, and Zanello, D.

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (all), Muon, Lepton Flavor Violation
Abstract

The analysis of a combined data set, totaling 3.6 × 10(14) stopped muons on target, in the search for the lepton flavor violating decay μ(+) → e(+)γ is presented. The data collected by the MEG experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institut show no excess of events compared to background expectations and yield a new upper limit on the branching ratio of this decay of 5.7 × 10(-13) (90% confidence level). This represents a four times more stringent limit than the previous world best limit set by MEG.

Published
2013

3. The MEG detector for $��+\to e+��$ decay search

Author

Adam, J., Bai, X., Baldini, A. M., Baracchini, E., Bemporad, C., Boca, G., Cattaneo, P. W., Cavoto, G., Cei, F., Cerri, C., Corbo, M., Curalli, N., De Bari, A., De Gerone, M., Del Frate, L., Doke, S., Dussoni, S., Egger, J., Fratini, K., Fujii, Y., Galli, L., Galeotti, S., Gallucci, G., Gatti, F., Golden, B., Grassi, M., Graziosi, A., Grigoriev, D. N., Haruyama, T., Hisamatsu, M. Hildebrandt Y., Ignatov, F., Iwamoto, T., Kaneko, D., Kasami, K., Kettle, P. -R., Khazin, B. I., Korenchenko, O. Kiselev A., Kravchuk, N., Lim, G., Maki, A., Mihara, S., Molzon, W., Mori, T., Morsani, F., Mzavia, D., Nard��, R., Natori, H., Nicol��, D., Nishiguchi, H., Ootani, Y. Nishimura W., Ozone, K., Panareo, M., Papa, A., Pazzi, R., Piredda, G., Popov, A., Raffaelli, F., Renga, F., Ripiccini, E., Ritt, S., Rossella, M., Sawada, R., Schneebeli, M., Sergiampietri, F., Signorelli, G., Suzuki, S., Tenchini, F., Topchyan, C., Uchiyama, Y., Voena, R. Valle C., Xiao, F., Yamada, S., Yamamoto, S., Yamashita, S., Yudin, Yu. V., and Zanello, D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Accelerator Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
Abstract

The MEG (Mu to Electron Gamma) experiment has been running at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Switzerland since 2008 to search for the decay \meg\ by using one of the most intense continuous $��^+$ beams in the world. This paper presents the MEG components: the positron spectrometer, including a thin target, a superconducting magnet, a set of drift chambers for measuring the muon decay vertex and the positron momentum, a timing counter for measuring the positron time, and a liquid xenon detector for measuring the photon energy, position and time. The trigger system, the read-out electronics and the data acquisition system are also presented in detail. The paper is completed with a description of the equipment and techniques developed for the calibration in time and energy and the simulation of the whole apparatus., 59 pages, 90 figures

Published
2013
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4. New constraint on the existence of the mu+-> e+ gamma decay

Author

MEG Collaboration, Adam, J., Bai, X., Baldini, A. M., Baracchini, E., Bemporad, C., Boca, G., Cattaneo, P. W., Cavoto, G., Cei, F., Cerri, C., de Bari, A., De Gerone, M., Doke, T., Dussoni, S., Egger, J., Fratini, K., Fujii, Y., Galli, L., Gallucci, G., Gatti, F., Golden, B., Grassi, M., Graziosi, A., Grigoriev, D. N., Haruyama, T., Hildebrandt, M., Hisamatsu, Y., Ignatov, F., Iwamoto, T., Kaneko, D., Kettle, P. -R., Khazin, B. I., Khomotov, N., Kiselev, O., Korenchenko, A., Kravchuk, N., Lim, G., Maki, A., Mihara, S., Molzon, W., Mori, T., Mzavia, D., Nardo, R., Natori, H., Nicolo, D., Nishiguchi, H., Nishimura, Y., Ootani, W., Panareo, M., Papa, A., Pazzi, R., Piredda, G., Popov, A., Renga, F., Ripiccini, E., Ritt, S., Rossella, M., Sawada, R., Sergiampietri, F., Signorelli, G., Suzuki, S., Tenchini, F., Topchyan, C., Uchiyama, Y., Valle, R., Voena, C., Xiao, F., Yamada, S., Yamamoto, A., Yamashita, S., You, Z., Yudin, Yu. V., and Zanello, D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
Abstract

The analysis of a combined data set, totaling 3.6 \times 10^14 stopped muons on target, in the search for the lepton flavour violating decay mu^+ -> e^+ gamma is presented. The data collected by the MEG experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institut show no excess of events compared to background expectations and yield a new upper limit on the branching ratio of this decay of 5.7 \times 10^-13 (90% confidence level). This represents a four times more stringent limit than the previous world best limit set by MEG., 5 pages, 3 figures, a version accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2013
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5. New limit on the lepton-flavor-violating decay μ+→e+γ

Author

Adam, J., Bai, X., Baldini, A. M., Baracchini, E., Bemporad, C., Boca, G., Cattaneo, P. W., Cavoto, Gianluca, Cei, F., Cerri, C., De Bari, A., De Gerone, M., Doke, T., Dussoni, S., Egger, J., Fratini, K., Fujii, Y., Galli, L., Gallucci, G., Gatti, F., Golden, B., Grassi, M., Grigoriev, D. N., Haruyama, T., Hildebrandt, M., Hisamatsu, Y., Ignatov, F., Iwamoto, T., Kettle, P. R., Khazin, B. I., Kiselev, O., Korenchenko, A., Kravchuk, N., Maki, A., Mihara, S., Molzon, W., Mori, T., Mzavia, D., Natori, H., Nicolò, D., Nishiguchi, H., Nishimura, Y., Ootani, W., Panareo, M., Papa, A., Pazzi, R., Piredda, G., Popov, A., Renga, F., Ritt, S., Rossella, M., Sawada, R., Sergiampietri, F., Signorelli, G., Suzuki, S., Tenchini, F., Topchyan, C., Uchiyama, Y., Valle, R., Voena, C., Xiao, F., Yamada, S., Yamamoto, A., Yamashita, S., Yudin, Y. u. V., and Zanello, D.

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (all)
Abstract

We present a new result based on an analysis of the data collected by the MEG detector at the Paul Scherrer Institut in 2009 and 2010, in search of the lepton-flavor-violating decay μ(+)e(+)γ. The likelihood analysis of the combined data sample, which corresponds to a total of 1.8×10(14) muon decays, gives a 90% C.L. upper limit of 2.4×10(-12) on the branching ratio of the μ(+)→e(+)γ decay, constituting the most stringent limit on the existence of this decay to date.

Published
2011

6. New limit on the lepton-flavour violating decay mu -> e gamma

Author

MEG Collaboration, Adam, J., Bai, X., Baldini, A. M., Baracchini, E., Bemporad, C., Boca, G., Cattaneo, P. W., Cavoto, G., Cei, F., Cerri, C., de Bari, A., De Gerone, M., Doke, T., Dussoni, S., Egger, J., Fratini, K., Fujii, Y., Galli, L., Gallucci, G., Gatti, F., Golden, B., Grassi, M., Grigoriev, D. N., Haruyama, T., Hildebrandt, M., Hisamatsu, Y., Ignatov, F., Iwamoto, T., Kettle, P. -R., Khazin, B. I., Kiselev, O., Korenchenko, A., Kravchuk, N., Maki, A., Mihara, S., Molzon, W., Mori, T., Mzavia, D., Natori, H., Nicol��, D., Nishiguchi, H., Nishimura, Y., Ootani, W., Panareo, M., Papa, A., Pazzi, R., Piredda, G., Popov, A., Renga, F., Ritt, S., Rossella, M., Sawada, R., Sergiampietri, F., Signorelli, G., Suzuki, S., Tenchini, F., Topchyan, C., Uchiyama, Y., Valle, R., Voena, C., Xiao, F., Yamada, S., Yamamoto, A., Yamashita, S., Yudin, Yu. V., and Zanello, D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

We present a new result based on an analysis of the data collected by the MEG detector at the Paul Scherrer Institut in 2009 and 2010, in search of the lepton flavour violating decay mu->e gamma. The likelihood analysis of the combined data sample, which corresponds to a total of 1.8 x 10**14 muon decays, gives a 90% C.L. upper limit of 2.4 x 10**-12 on the branching ratio of the mu->e gamma decay, constituting the most stringent limit on the existence of this decay to date., 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication at Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2011
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7. ��{\to}e�� and ��{\to}eee Status and perspectives

Author

De Gerone, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

I report on the research status and the perspectives of the Lepton Flavor Violating decays ��{\to}e�� and ��{\to}eee. In particular, I will concentrate on the ��{\to}e�� decay and the preliminary results obtained from the analysis of the 2009 data collected by the MEG experiment., Presented at The Ninth International Conference on Flavor Physics and CP Violation FPCP2011

Published
2011
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8. A limit for the mu -> e gamma decay from the MEG experiment

Author

MEG Collaboration, Adam, J., Bai, X., Baldini, A., Baracchini, E., Barchiesi, A., Bemporad, C., Boca, G., Cattaneo, P. W., Cavoto, G., Cecchet, G., Cei, F., Cerri, C., De Bari, A., De Gerone, M., Doke, T., Dussoni, S., Egger, J., Galli, L., Gallucci, G., Gatti, F., Golden, B., Grassi, M., Grigoriev, D. N., Haruyama, T., Hildebrandt, M., Hisamatsu, Y., Ignatov, F., Iwamoto, T., Kaneko, D., Kettle, P. -R., Khazin, B. I., Kiselev, O., Korenchenko, A., Kravchuk, N., Maki, A., Mihara, S., Molzon, W., Mori, T., Mzavia, D., Natori, H., Nard��, R., Nicol��, D., Nishiguchi, H., Nishimura, Y., Ootani, W., Panareo, M., Papa, A., Pazzi, R., Piredda, G., Popov, A., Renga, F., Ritt, S., Rossella, M., Sawada, R., Schneebeli, M., Sergiampietri, F., Signorelli, G., Suzuki, S., Topchyan, C., Tumakov, V., Uchiyama, Y., Valle, R., Voena, C., Xiao, F., Yamada, S., Yamamoto, A., Yamashita, S., Yudin, Yu. V., and Zanello, D.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Physics::Medical Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

A search for the decay mu -> e gamma, performed at PSI and based on data from the initial three months of operation of the MEG experiment, yields an upper limit on the branching ratio of BR(mu -> e gamma) < 2.8 x 10**-11 (90% C.L.). This corresponds to the measurement of positrons and photons from ~ 10**14 stopped mu-decays by means of a superconducting positron spectrometer and a 900 litre liquid xenon photon detector., 13 pages, 9 figures. v2: improved estimate of photon reconstruction efficiency

Published
2009
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9. A limit for the decay from the MEG experiment

Author

Adam, J., Bai, X., Baldini, A., Baracchini, E., Barchiesi, A., Bemporad, C., Boca, G., Cattaneo, P. W., Cavoto, G., Cecchet, G., Cei, F., Cerri, C., De Bari, A., De Gerone, M., Doke, T., Dussoni, S., Egger, J., Galli, L., Gallucci, G., Gatti, F., Golden, B., Grassi, M., Grigoriev, D. N., Haruyama, T., Hildebrandt, M., Hisamatsu, Y., Ignatov, F., Iwamoto, T., Kaneko, D., Kettle, P.-R., Khazin, B. I., Kiselev, O., Korenchenko, A., Kravchuk, N., Maki, A., Mihara, S., Molzon, W., Mori, T., Mzavia, D., Natori, H., Nardò, R., Nicolò, D., Nishiguchi, H., Nishimura, Y., Ootani, W., Panareo, M., Papa, A., Pazzi, R., Piredda, G., Popov, A., Renga, F., Ritt, S., Rossella, M., Sawada, R., Schneebeli, M., Sergiampietri, F., Signorelli, G., Suzuki, S., Topchyan, C., Tumakov, V., Uchiyama, Y., Valle, R., Voena, C., Xiao, F., Yamada, S., Yamamoto, A., Yamashita, S., Yudin, Yu. V., and Zanello, D.

10. Commissioning of the Ion Implanter for the HOLMES Experiment

Author

M. De Gerone, A. Bevilacqua, M. Biasotti, M. Borghesi, N. Cerboni, G. Ceruti, G. De Bodin&nbsp, Deundefined Galembert, M. Faverzani, M. Fedkevych, E. Ferri, G. Gallucci, F. Gatti, A. Giachero, A. Loundefined, Cicero, E. Maugeri, P. Manfrinetti, A. Nucciotti, L. Parodi, G. Pessina, P. Pollovio, R. Puppo, S. Ragazzi, C. Rossi, D. Schumann, F. Siccardi, De Gerone, M, Bevilacqua, A, Biasotti, M, Borghesi, M, Cerboni, N, Ceruti, G, De Bodin&nbsp, G, Galembert, D, Faverzani, M, Fedkevych, M, Ferri, E, Gallucci, G, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Lo&nbsp, A, Cicero, Maugeri, E, Manfrinetti, P, Nucciotti, A, Parodi, L, Pessina, G, Pollovio, P, Puppo, R, Ragazzi, S, Rossi, C, Schumann, D, and Siccardi, F

Subjects
Holmium, Ion implanter, Neutrino mass measurement, General Materials Science, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

The HOLMES experiment aims to directly measure the ν mass studying the 163Ho electron capture decay spectrum developing arrays of TES-based microcalorimeters implanted with O(300 Bq/detector) Ho atoms. The embedding of the source inside detectors is a crucial step of the experiment. Because the 163Ho production process (neutron irradiation of a 162Er sample) is not perfectly free from impurities, Ho source must be separated from a lot of contaminants. A chemical processing removes every species other than Ho, but it is not sufficient to remove all isotope-related background sources: Indeed, 166mHo beta decay can produce fake signal in the region of interest. For this reason, a dedicated implantation system was set up. It is designed to achieve the separation power better than 5σ at 163/166 a.m.u. allowing an efficient Ho ions implantation inside microcalorimeter absorbers. Its main components are a 50 kV sputter-based ion source, a magnetic dipole and a target chamber. A specially designed co-evaporation system was designed to “grow” the gold microcalorimeter absorber during the implantation process, increasing the maximum achievable activity which can be implanted. The machine performances were evaluated by means of calibration runs using 63Cu/65Cu and Mo beams. A special care was given to the study of the more effective way to populate source plasma with Ho ions obtained from different Ho compounds by sputtering process. In this work, the machine development and commissioning are described.

Published
2022

11. An updated overview of the HOLMES status

Author

M. Borghesi, B. Alpert, M. Balata, D. Becker, D. Bennet, E. Celasco, N. Cerboni, M. De Gerone, R. Dressler, M. Faverzani, M. Fedkevych, E. Ferri, J. Fowler, G. Gallucci, J. Gard, F. Gatti, A. Giachero, G. Hilton, U. Koster, D. Labranca, M. Lusignoli, J. Mates, E. Maugeri, S. Nisi, A. Nucciotti, L. Origo, G. Pessina, S. Ragazzi, C. Reintsema, D. Schmidt, D. Schumann, D. Swetz, J. Ullom, L. Vale, Borghesi, M, Alpert, B, Balata, M, Becker, D, Bennet, D, Celasco, E, Cerboni, N, De Gerone, M, Dressler, R, Faverzani, M, Fedkevych, M, Ferri, E, Fowler, J, Gallucci, G, Gard, J, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Hilton, G, Koster, U, Labranca, D, Lusignoli, M, Mates, J, Maugeri, E, Nisi, S, Nucciotti, A, Origo, L, Pessina, G, Ragazzi, S, Reintsema, C, Schmidt, D, Schumann, D, Swetz, D, Ullom, J, and Vale, L

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Low temperature detector, Microwave multixplexing readout, Neutrino ma, TES, Instrumentation
Abstract

HOLMES is an ERC project started in 2014 that will perform a model independent measurement of the neutrino mass with a sensitivity of the order of 1 eV. In order to reach its goal sensitivity, HOLMES will use 1000 low temperature microcalorimeters, each implanted with an activity of 300 Bq of 163Ho, performing thus a calorimetric measurement. This contribution presents the recent results achieved that lay the grounds for the low-activity phase of the HOLMES experiment, that will lead to its first limit on the neutrino mass.

Published
2023

12. A novel approach for nearly-coincident events rejection

Author

A. Nucciotti, G. Gallucci, M. Borghesi, M. De Gerone, Andrea Giachero, A. Puiu, Emanuele Ferri, M. Fedkevych, M. Faverzani, Borghesi, M, De Gerone, M, Faverzani, M, Fedkevych, M, Ferri, E, Gallucci, G, Giachero, A, Nucciotti, A, and Puiu, A

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Statistical sensitivity, FOS: Physical sciences, Effective time, QC770-798, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Coincident, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 0103 physical sciences, Limit (mathematics), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Spurious relationship, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Time resolution, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Resolution (logic), QB460-466, Neutrino mass, time resolution, holmium, Neutrino, Algorithm
Abstract

We present a novel technique, called DSVP (Discrimination through Singular Vectors Projections), to discriminate spurious events within a dataset. The purpose of this paper is to lay down a general procedure which can be tailored for a broad variety of applications. After describing the general concept, we apply the algorithm to the problem of identifying nearly coincident events in low temperature microcalorimeters in order to push the time resolution close to its intrinsic limit. In fact, from simulated datasets it was possible to achieve an effective time resolution even shorter than the sampling time of the system considered. The obtained results are contextualized in the framework of the HOLMES experiment, which aims at directly measuring the neutrino mass with the calorimetric approach, allowing to significally improve its statistical sensitivity.

Published
2021

13. Progress in the development of TES microcalorimeter detectors suitable for neutrino mass measurement

Author

Dan Becker, Daniel S. Swetz, A. Nucciotti, Gene C. Hilton, M. De Gerone, Bradley K. Alpert, Andrea Giachero, Flavio Gatti, A. Puiu, G. Gallucci, Leila R. Vale, Johnathon D. Gard, G. Pessina, Joel N. Ullom, M. Borghesi, Douglas A. Bennett, Carl D. Reintsema, M. Fedkevych, D. R. Schmidt, M. Faverzani, John A. B. Mates, Emanuele Ferri, Giachero, A, Alpert, B, Becker, D, Bennett, D, Borghesi, M, De Gerone, M, Faverzani, M, Fedkevych, M, Ferri, E, Gallucci, G, Gard, J, Gatti, F, Hilton, G, Mates, J, Nucciotti, A, Pessina, G, Puiu, A, Reintsema, C, Schmidt, D, Swetz, D, Ullom, J, and Vale, L

Subjects
radiation detector, X-ray detector, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Electron capture, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, superconducting microwave device, FOS: Physical sciences, superconducting microwave devices, SQUID, Elementary particle, 01 natural sciences, Multiplexing, Noise (electronics), Optics, radiation detectors, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010306 general physics, Physics, Pixel, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), Detector, Elementary particles, X-ray detectors, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Neutrino, business, Microwave
Abstract

The HOLMES experiment will perform a precise calorimetric measurement of the end point of the Electron Capture (EC) decay spectrum of 163Ho in order to extract information on neutrino mass with a sensitivity below 2 eV. In its final configuration, HOLMES will deploy 1000 detectors of low-temperature microcalorimeters with implanted 163Ho nuclei. The baseline sensors for HOLMES are Mo/Cu TESs (Transition Edge Sensors) on SiNx membrane with gold absorbers. Considering the large number of pixels and an event rate of about 300 Hz/pixel, a large multiplexing factor and a large bandwidth are needed. To fulfill this requirement, HOLMES will exploit recent advances in microwave multiplexing. In this contribution, we present the status of the activities in development, the performances of the developed microwave-multiplexed readout system, and the results obtained with the detectors specifically designed for HOLMES in terms of noise, time, and energy resolutions

Published
2021
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14. Production and separation of 163Ho for nuclear physics experiments

Author

A. Orlando, Dorothea Schumann, Michele Biasotti, M. Faverzani, A. Puiu, S. Ragazzi, M. Balata, Evelyn Ferri, S. Heinitz, Ulli Köster, G. Pessina, Stefano Nisi, A. Nucciotti, V. Ceriale, Andrea Giachero, Niko Kivel, M. De Gerone, F. Gatti, G. Gallucci, Heinitz, S, Kivel, N, Schumann, D, Köster, U, Balata, M, Biasotti, M, Ceriale, V, De Gerone, M, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Gallucci, G, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Nisi, S, Nucciotti, A, Orlando, A, Pessina, G, Puiu, A, and Ragazzi, S

Subjects
Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Composite Particles, Ion chromatography, chemical separation, lcsh:Medicine, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, nuclear activation, Holmium, Isotopes, Impurity, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Neutron cross section, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, Radiochemistry, Isotope, Physics, Chemical Reactions, Chemistry, Separation Processes, Physical Sciences, Nuclides, Neutrino, Elementary Particles, Research Article, Nuclear Decay, Atoms, Materials science, neutrino ma, Nuclear Chemistry, Research and Analysis Methods, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Nuclide, Irradiation, Neutrinos, 010306 general physics, Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics, Nucleons, Neutrons, Decomposition, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, lcsh:R, 163-Ho, Elution, lcsh:Q, isotope production, FIS/04 - FISICA NUCLEARE E SUBNUCLEARE
Abstract

This paper describes the production and chemical separation of the 163Ho isotope that will be used in several nuclear physics experiments aiming at measuring the neutrino mass as well as the neutron cross section of the 163Ho isotope. For this purpose, several batches of enriched 162Er have been irradiated at the Institut Laue-Langevin high flux reactor to finally produce 6 mg or 100 MBq of the desired 163Ho isotope. A portion of the Er/Ho mixture is then subjected to a sophisticated chemical separation involving ion exchange chromatography to isolate the Ho product from the Er target material. Before irradiation, a thorough analysis of the impurity content was performed and its implication on the produced nuclide inventory will be discussed.

Published
2018

15. Status of the HOLMES experiment: commissioning of the ion implanter

Author

Giovanni Gallucci, Bevilacqua, A., Biasotti, M., Borghesi, M., Cerboni, N., Ceruti, G., Bodin Galembert, G., Gerone, M., Faverzani, M., Fedkevych, M., Ferri, E., Gatti, F., Giachero, A., Maugeri, E., Manfrinetti, P., Nucciotti, A., Parodi, L., Pessina, G., Schumann, D., Siccardi, F., Gallucci, G, Bevilacqua, A, Biasotti, M, Borghesi, M, Cerboni, N, Ceruti, G, De Bodin De Galembert, G, De Gerone, M, Faverzani, M, Fedkevych, M, Ferri, E, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Maugeri, E, Manfrinetti, P, Nucciotti, A, Parodi, L, Pessina, G, Schumann, D, and Siccardi, F

Subjects
neutrino ma, ion implantation
Abstract

The neutrino mass determination is an open issue in particle physics. The study of the endpoint of beta decay is the best experimental way to provide a model-independent measurement. The HOLMES experiment aims to measure directly the neutrino mass with a calorimetric approach studying the 163Ho electron-capture decay. The very low Q-value (2.8 keV), the half-life (4570 y) and the proximity of the endpoint to M1 resonance make the 163Ho decay a very good choice. However, there are two critical steps to be considered for the realization of the experiment. The first step is embedding of the source isotope inside the cryogenic microcalorimeters so that the energy released in the decay process is entirely contained within the detectors, except for the fraction taken away by the neutrino. The second one is the rejection of 166Ho radioactive isotope that could produce false signal in the region of interest. Taking into account these two requirements, a dedicated implanter with a sputter ion source, an acceleration section (up to 50 keV) and a magnetic dipole (for ion selection and beam focusing) has been designed and developed. The implanter calibration and performance have been evaluated using 63Cu/65Cu and 197Au beams. Currently, different holmium compounds are being tested to find the candidate with the best efficiency in the sputter process. This work will show the status of the machine development and commissioning.

16. Status of the HOLMES experiment to directly measure the electron neutrino mass with a calorimetric approach

Author

Gallucci, G., Alpert, B., Balata, M., Becker, D. T., Bennett, D. A., Bevilacqua, A., Biasotti, M., Matteo Borghesi, Ceruti, G., Gerone, M., Dressler, R., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Fowler, J. W., Gard, J. D., Gatti, F., Giachero, A., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Heinitz, S., Hilton, G. C., Koster, U., Lusignoli, M., Mates, J. A. B., Nisi, S., Nucciotti, A., Parodi, L., Pessina, G., Puiu, A., Ragazzi, S., Reintsema, C. D., Schmidt, D. R., Schuman, D., Siccardit, F., Sisti, M., Swetz, D. S., Ullom, J. N., Vale, L. R., Gallucci, G, Alpert, B, Balata, M, Becker, D, Bennett, D, Bevilacqua, A, Biasotti, M, Borghesi, M, Ceruti, G, de Gerone, M, Dressler, R, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Fowler, J, Gard, J, Gatti, F, Giachero, A, Hays-Wehle, J, Heinitz, S, Hilton, G, Koster, U, Lusignoli, M, Mates, J, Nisi, S, Nucciotti, A, Parodi, L, Pessina, G, Puiu, A, Ragazzi, S, Reintsema, C, Schmidt, D, Schuman, D, Siccardit, F, Sisti, M, Swetz, D, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), and ILL

Subjects
Electron capture, measurement methods, Measure (physics), chemistry.chemical_element, neutrino/e: mass, electron: capture, 01 natural sciences, neutrino mass, HOLMES, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, calorimeter, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], holmium: nuclide, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, activity report, detector: design, Physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Neutrino physic, chemistry, pile-up, Transition edge sensor, Neutrino, Holmium, Electron neutrino
Abstract

International audience; The measurement of neutrino masses is still one of the most compelling issues in modern particle physics. HOLMES is an experiment that aims to measure the effective νe mass using a calorimetric approach. It will measure the spectrum end point of the electron capture (EC) decay of $^{163}$Ho. The very low Q-value (2.8 keV) of the decay and its half life (4570 y) are optimal to reach simultaneously a reasonable activity to have sufficient statistics in the end-point, reducing the pile-up probability and have a small quantity of $^{163}$Ho embedded in the detector not to alter significantly its heat capacity. Holmium will be implanted into a micro calorimeter made by a metallic absorber coupled to transition edge sensor (TES). Each detector will be implanted with around 300 Bq of holmium and the goal of the experiment is implanting ≈500 detectors (8x64 array of detectors) to reach an accuracy of the order of eV. In this contribution, we show the HOLMES experiment with its physics reach and technical challenges, along with its status and perspectives.

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