1. EGFR and KRAS mutations, and ALK fusions: current developments and personalized therapies for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
- Author
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Carvalho Ls, Sanjay Popat, de Mello Ra, Pedro Madureira, Mary O'Brien, and António Araújo
- Subjects
Bevacizumab ,Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ,Afatinib ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biomarkers, Pharmacological ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) ,Gefitinib ,Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins ,Genetics ,medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Humans ,Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ,Precision Medicine ,Lung cancer ,neoplasms ,Neoplasm Staging ,Cetuximab ,Crizotinib ,business.industry ,Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,ErbB Receptors ,Cancer research ,ras Proteins ,Molecular Medicine ,Erlotinib ,KRAS ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Personalized therapy has significantly developed in lung cancer treatment over recent years. VEGF and EGF play a major role in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor angiogenesis and aggressiveness. EGFR mutation as well as KRAS and ALK rearrangements are important biomarkers in the field owing to potential targeted therapies involved in clinical practice: erlotinib, geftinib, cetuximab and crizotinib. More recently, regulation of tumor immunity through CTLA4 and PD1/L1 has emerged as a promising field in NSCLC management. This review will focus on the current and future biomarkers in the advanced NSCLC field and also address potential related targeted therapies for these patients.
- Published
- 2013