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Background: Water is polluted day by day with biological and chemical toxins that can pose a serious threat to human health, animals and ecosystems. The regular identification and monitoring of biological and chemical toxins in water resources is the first step of the preventive method. The devices used in traditional detection methods such as adsorption and chromatography combined with mass spectrometry are not easy to transport for analysis and involve laborious preliminary sample preparation steps. However, the developments in nanosensors prepared with nanomaterials provide solutions to these challenges. Nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles, graphene and quantum dots are often preferred for the surface preparation of plasmonic nanosensors for the selective, sensitive and label-free detection of very low concentrations of pollutants in water. Methods: There are different plasmonic nanosensors such as electrochemical, colorimetry and optical sensors prepared using different nanomaterials for the determination of environmental pollutants. These different detection nanosensors also have many advantages and disadvantages. In this review, the use of different nanomaterials in different types of plasmonic nanosensors for the determination of environmental pollutants, their modification and their effects on performance in terms of signal enhancement will also be discussed. Results:: When the studies in the literature are examined, although many articles have been published on the detection of pollutants in water, the number of publications specific to nanomaterial-based plasmonic nanosensors for detection is quite limited. In this review, we focused on the use of different nanomaterials in the preparation of nanosensor surfaces for the detection of environmental pollutants, and the preparation, optimization, experimental analysis and application areas of different plasmonic nanosensors made in the literature for detection methods Conclusion:: Recent developments in plasmonic nanosensors, nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles, graphene and quantum dots provide ultra-sensitive detection at the molecular level, leading to extraordinary developments. Nanomaterials have important plasmonic properties and are preferred for the selective, sensitive and label-free detection of very low water pollutant concentrations. In studies conducted in the literature, it has been observed that environmental pollutants such as toxin, bacteria, heavy metal ions, pesticides, especially in water, are determined and analyzed. In these review, it was observed that the sensitive and selective properties of nanomaterial-based nanosensors yielded results with low detection limits. The current review includes developments and application-oriented progress of nanomaterial-based plasmonic nanosensors, especially for the detection and quantification of various pollutants and environmental pollutants in water.

Although men still spring to mind when entrepreneurship is mentioned, given that women have been highly successful as entrepreneurs, breaking through glass ceilings and having a solid presence in entrepreneurship, it is crucial to uncover how studies of entrepreneurship have evolved from a gender perspective. Therefore, this study aims to determine the extent of academic interest in women's entrepreneurship and what subtopics are included in related studies. To this end, bibliometric analysis methods were used to evaluate articles published in the field of business and management over the past decade. Included in the analysis were 305 articles published in English in the Social Science Citation Indexed Journals on the Web of Science database and originating from the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, the four countries that contribute most to women's entrepreneurship. While most authors contributing to women's entrepreneurship literature are from institutions in the United States, Australian authors are the most collaborative scholars internationally. Moreover, while the literature on women's entrepreneurship was viewed directly from a gender perspective at the beginning of the last decade, it is apparent that subtopics such as risk, entrepreneurial identity, discrimination, and entrepreneurial intention have come into focus over time.

Fen bilimleri, tüm öğrenciler için önemli bir disiplindir ve fen eğitiminin hedeflerine ulaşmak birçok öğrenci için önemli bir sorundur. Söz konusu özel gereksinimli öğrenciler olduğunda fen konularının öğrenimi daha zorlu bir süreç haline gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda mevcut çalışmanın amacı, özel gereksinimli öğrencilere fen konularının öğretiminin hedeflendiği lisansüstü tezleri; betimsel özellikleri, yöntemsel kaliteleri ve yayınlanma düzeyleri açısından değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışma bir sistematik derleme araştırmasıdır. Çalışmaya dahil etme ölçütlerini karşılayan 14’ü yüksek lisans ve 4’ü doktora tezi olmak üzere toplam 18 tez dahil edilmiştir. Betimsel analiz bulguları, tezlerde sıklıkla ortaokul düzeyindeki zihin yetersizliği tanılı öğrencilerin yer aldığını, uygulamaların araştırmacılar tarafından yapılandırılmış ortamlarda gerçekleştirildiğini, fen konu alanları içerisinde yer alan kavram ve kazanımların öğretiminde kanıta dayalı uygulamaların kullanıldığını göstermektedir. Çalışmaya dahil edilen tezlerin büyük çoğunluğunda kalıcılık verisi toplanmasına karşın sınırlı sayıdaki tezde genelleme verisi toplanmıştır. Sosyal geçerlik açısından bulgular incelendiğinde tezlerin yarısından fazlasında sosyal geçerlik verisinin katılımcı öğrencilerden, aile üyelerinden ve öğretmenlerden görüşmeler yoluyla toplandığı belirlenmiştir. Güvenirlik bulguları hem uygulama güvenirliği hem de gözlemciler arası güvenirlik katsayılarının oldukça yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Tezlerin yöntemsel kalitelerine ilişkin bulgular yalnızca sekiz tezin What Works Clearinghouse tarafından tek-denekli deneysel araştırmalar için geliştirilen desen standartlarını koşullu karşıladığını göstermektedir. Tezlerin yayına dönüşme düzeylerine ilişkin bulgular tezlerin %44’ünün yayına dönüştürüldüğünü göstermektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları alanyazınla karşılaştırılarak sunulmuştur.

We report our experience with a new case of lymphedema of the upper extremity in a renal transplant recipient under treatment with everolimus immunosuppression, and we emphasize the effects of complete decongestive therapy on this chronic condition.

This study aims to investigate how primary school students’ three-dimensional geometric thinking changes across grades. The survey model was used, and the study group was comprising of 520 primary school students in a large city of Turkey. In the study, the Three-Dimensional Geometric Thinking Test, which is a paper and pencil test, was used to collect data. The scores taken from the test were compared across the grades and the relationships between the components of three-dimensional geometric thinking were examined. The findings showed that as the grades increased, students’ scores taken from the Three-Dimensional Thinking Test also increased significantly. Moreover, a medium and positive correlation was found between the components of three-dimensional geometric thinking. The results of the study revealed that grade level is a significant variable on three-dimensional geometric thinking, yet some important three-dimensional geometric thinking skills can be developed independent from the grade level. The current study intends to shed light on the development of three-dimensional geometric thinking starting from early grades, and to provide important information for organizing the three-dimensional geometric content in the curriculum and its implementation.

Herein, a novel imprinted solid-phase extraction cartridge was fabricated to investigate the kinetic, thermodynamic, and isothermal parameters for the selective adsorption of Bisphenol A (BPA). The imprinted polymeric cartridges (BMC) for the BPA adsorption were fabricated in the presence of a template and functional monomer using the in situ polymerization technique. To prove the efficiency and selectivity of BMC, the nonimprinted polymeric cartridges (BNC) and the empty polymeric cartridges (EC) were also fabricated with and without functional monomer using the same manner for the preparation of BMC. The characterization of cartridges was performed by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurements, and swelling tests. BPA removal studies were performed by analyzing some parameters such as temperature, BPA concentration, flow rate, salt type, and concentration. The highest capacity was determined as 103.2 mg BPA/g polymer for a 0.75 mL/min flow rate of 0.75 M (NH

In this work, microscale poly-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate [p(HEMA)]-based cryogels were fabricated as a drug delivery material using molecular imprinting technology for controlled release of mitomycin C (MMC) as an anti-cancer drug. MMC imprinted pHEMA-based micro cryogels (pMIPs) were prepared according to free-radical polymerization by using N-methacryloyl-(l)-histidine methyl ester (MAH) as an amino-acid-based polymerizable functional monomer using a micro stencil array chip with microwells of 200 μm diameter and 500 μm thickness. Following that, scanning electron microscope, swelling test, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy were used for the characterization studies of pMIPs. After the characterization studies, MMC release performance of pMIPs was investigated towards the different pH values and various MMC concentrations in the aqueous solutions. The in vitro cytotoxicity studies of the pMIPs and the non-imprinted pHEMA based micro cryogels (pNIPs) were examined using L929 cell line. According to the experimental findings, the incorporation of MAH monomer could increase the release performance of pMIPs and the release of MMC from the pMIPs was non-Fickian in the aqueous solution. pMIPs did not show any noticeable cytotoxicity and could be potentially used as a new drug carrier for MMC release.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the frequency of Postpartum Depression (PPD) and maternal attachment status in a region with a low socioeconomic level during the Covid-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Two hundred women who gave birth in our hospital were evaluated on postpartum 10th day with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Maternal Attachment Inventory (MBI). Results: The mean EPDS in the group with Normal Body Mass Index (BMI) was lower than in the other two groups. Average EPDS was higher in the group with sleep problems than those without sleep problems. Women who received support from their spouses had lower EPDS scores and higher MBI scores. EPDS scores were lower in the group with a good income. MBI scores were found to be lower in people within the increased length of hospital stay. Conclusion: In the study, we conducted with a group with a low socioeconomic level during the pandemic. We determined that PPD rates increased considerably, and this situation

Aim: We aim to evaluate fetal cardiac output in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).Material and Method: Thirty-two patients with ICP and 42 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. The diagnosis of ICP was made by detecting fasting bile acid value >10 µmol/L in symptomatic pregnant women. Fetal echocardiographic evaluations were performed >34 weeks of gestation. Demographic data, fetal cardiac output, and perinatal outcomes of the patients were compared between the groups.Results: In the ICP group aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were higher than the control group (p, Amaç: Gebeliğin intrahepatik kolestazında (ICP) fetal kalp debisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlıyoruz.Gereçler ve yöntem: Çalışmaya 32 ICP izlenen hasta ve 42 sağlıklı gebe dahil edildi. Semptomatik gebelerde açlık safra asidi değeri >10 µmol/L saptanması ile ICP tanısı konuldu. Fetal ekokardiyografik değerlendirmeler >34 gebelik haftasında yapıldı. Gruplar arasında hastaların demografik verileri, fetal kalp debisi ve perinatal sonuçları karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: ICP grubunda aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) ve alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksekti (p

Death receptor ligand TRAIL is a promising cancer therapy due to its ability to selectively trigger extrinsic apoptosis in cancer cells. However, TRAIL–based therapies in humans have shown limitations, mainly due inherent or acquired resistance of tumor cells. To address this issue, current efforts are focussed on dissecting the intracellular signaling pathways involved in resistance to TRAIL, to identify strategies that sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL-induced cytotoxicity. In this work, we describe the oncogenic MEK5-ERK5 pathway as a critical regulator of cancer cell resistance to the apoptosis induced by death receptor ligands. Using 2D and 3D cell cultures and transcriptomic analyses, we show that ERK5 controls the proteostasis of TP53INP2, a protein necessary for full activation of caspase-8 activation in response to TNFα, FasL or TRAIL. Mechanistically, ERK5 phosphorylates and induces ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TP53INP2, resulting in cancer cell resistance to TRAIL. Concordantly, ERK5 inhibition or genetic deletion, by stabilizing TP53INP2, sensitizes cancer cells to the apoptosis induced by recombinant TRAIL and TRAIL/FasL expressed by Natural Killer cells. The MEK5-ERK5 pathway regulates cancer cell proliferation and survival, and ERK5 inhibitors have shown anticancer activity in preclinical models of solid tumors. Using endometrial cancer patient-derived xenograft organoids, we propose ERK5 inhibition as an effective strategy to sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL-based therapies and Natural Killer cells.

The purpose of current study was to explore psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Balanced Index of Psychological Mindedness (BIPM). Studies regarding psychological mindedness (PM) are still limited in Turkey; and there are few valid instruments to measure PM. The Turkish version of the BIPM and the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) was administered to 654 voluntary undergraduate students. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the model including two subscales (interest and ability dimensions of PM) with a total of 14 items (x(2)/df = 3.11, p < .001, RMSEA = 0.060, S-RMR = 0.059, GFI = 0.95, AGFI = .0.93, CFI = 0.94). McDonald's Omega (omega) for scores on the overall scale was .85, .73 for scores on the Interest Subscale and .76 for scores on the Insight Subscale. Test-retest reliability coefficients were found as .61 for the scores on the BIPM total score, .55 for scores on the Interest subscale and .56 for scores on the Insight subscale (p < .01). As expected, the BIPM total scale score were negatively correlated with TAS total score (r = -.59).

Son yıllarda, dünya çapında gıda alerjisi en önemli sorunlardan biridir. Ovalbumin yumurta akında bulunan ana alerjanlardan biridir. Bu çalışmada, ovalbumin baskılanmamış ve baskılanmış poli (hidroksietil metakrilat-metakrilik asit) poli(HEMA-MAA) kriyojeller moleküler baskılama yöntemi kullanılarak sentezlenmiştir. Ovalbumin baskılanmış kriyojellerin karakterizasyonundan sonra, akış hızı, pH etkisi, başlangıçtaki ovalbumin konsantrasyonu ve sıcaklık parametrelerinin etkisi incelenmiştir. Ovalbumin baskılanmış ve baskılanmamış kriyojellerin ovalbumine karşı seçiciliğinin belirlenmesi, yarışmacı moleküller olarak lizozim ve transferrin kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca ovalbumin baskılanmış kriyojellerin yeniden kullanılabilirlik deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ovalbuminin saflığı, sodyum-dodesil sülfat poliakrilamid jel elektroforezi kullanılarak yumurta akından belirlenmiştir.

In this study, a nanoscale surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor was developed to determine the ovarian cancer marker carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125 level in serum utilizing the molecular imprinting method.

Bu çalışmanın amacı Erzurum ilindeki tüketicilerin bal tüketim tercihlerini ve diğer arı ürünleri tüketim durumlarını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada Erzurum ilinde ikamet eden 400 kişiyle anket yapılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarından elde edilen veriler ile tanımlayıcı istatistikler, frekans tabloları oluşturulmuş ve çok değişkenli regresyon analizi ile bal tüketimini etkileyen faktörler belirlenmiştir. Bağımlı değişken olan bal tüketimini, tüketicilerin eğitim düzeyi, ailedeki çocuk sayısı, bal üreten tanıdık ve akrabaların olması ve gelir seviyesi etkilemektedir. Tüketicilerin bir üst eğitim seviyesinden mezun olması durumunda bal tüketim miktarları artmaktadır. Ailedeki çocuk sayısı artıkça bal tüketimi artmaktadır. Gelirin artması da bal tüketimini pozitif yönde artırmaktadır. Ayrıca süzme bal ve petek bal tüketim sıklığı bal tüketimini etkilemektedir. Oluşturulan modelin bal tüketimindeki değişkenliği açıklama oranı %84.80 seviyesindedir ve varyans analizi (Anova) sonucuna göre oluşturulan model anlamlıdır. Çalışma sonucunda iç tüketimin teşvik edilmesiyle yerel arıcılık sektöründe canlanmalar görülebileceği, ayrıca tüketicilerin sağlıklı bir yaşam için bal tüketiminin önemi hakkında eğitilmesinin de bal tüketim miktarının arıtışına katkıda bulunacağı tespit edilmiştir. Günümüzün rekabetçi ortamında üreticilerin sürdürülebilir üretim yapması için markalaşmaya gidilmesi önerilmiştir.

Gelatin and N-methacryloyl-(L)-histidine methyl ester [MAH] containing poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [PHEMA] based cryogels were prepared to aid in enhancing cell proliferation. In order to evaluate effects of MAH comonomer and gelatin, cryogels were prepared containing different amounts of gelatin and MAH. Accordingly, four different groups of cryogels which were PHEMA, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-gelatin [PHEMA/GEL], poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-(L)-histidine methyl ester) [PHEMAH] and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-(L)-histidine methyl ester)-gelatin [PHEMAH/GEL] were prepared and a total of eight cryogel groups were obtained depending on the varying gelatin ratios. Swelling tests, scanning electron microscope (SEM), microcomputed tomography (Micro-CT) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy- Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) were performed for characterization studies. FTIR-ATR studies confirmed that gelatin and MAH were incorporated into the cryogel structures. Average pore size of cryogels was in the range of 18−198 μm confirmed by Micro-CT and SEM analysis. Then, cryogels were evaluated for cell proliferation abilities by MTT analysis for 24 h and 48 h for cell viability in L929 mouse fibroblast cells. Cell viability of PHEMAH/0.2GEL cryogels reached 209 %. Interaction and proliferation of fibroblast cells on cryogels demonstrated by SEM examination.

Amaranth imprinted nanoparticles were prepared by two-phase mini emulsion polymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate using acrylamide and methacrylic acid as functional monomers. The amaranth non-imprinted nanoparticle was prepared with the same procedure without using amaranth. Amaranth imprinted and non-imprinted nanoparticles were attached on the chip surface modified with allyl mercaptan. The surfaces of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor were characterized by the ellipsometry, contact angle, and atomic force microscopy. Amaranth solutions with different concentrations (0.1mg/mL–150mg/mL) were prepared with the pH 7.4 phosphate buffer. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.0180mg/mL and 0.06mg/mL, respectively. When the selectivity of the amaranth imprinted SPR sensor was compared with the competing molecules tartrazine and allura red, it was observed that the target molecule amaranth was 5.64 times and 5.18 times more selective than allura red and tartrazine, respectively. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique (LC-MS) was used for validation studies. According to the results obtained from both SPR sensor and LC-MS analyses, the amaranth recovery (%) from fruit juices was observed between 96% and 99%.

A direct investigation of the self-couplings of gauge bosons, completely described by the non-Abelian gauge symmetry of the Standard Model, is extremely valuable in understanding the gauge structure of the SM. Any deviation from the SM predictions on gauge boson self-coupling is to give a hint at the existence of a new physics beyond the SM, which is defined with a modification of the self-interactions using an effective field theory approach. In this paper, we present a detailed Monte Carlo study searching for anomalous quartic gauge dimension-8 couplings related to $\gamma\gamma\gamma\gamma$ and $\gamma\gamma\gamma Z$ vertices at the future hadron-hadron collider (FCC-hh) via tri-photon production at a 100 TeV center of mass energy with an integrated luminosity L$_{int}$=30 ab$^{-1}$. Events that have been parton showered and include detector effects are analyzed with a Toolkit for Multivariate Data Analysis (TMVA) using a boosted decision tree to help distinguish between signal and background events to achieve the best sensitivities on anomalous quartic gauge couplings. Our obtained results reveal that the limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings $f_{T8}/\Lambda^{4}$ and $f_{T9}/\Lambda^{4}$ at 95\% C.L. without systematic errors are about three orders of magnitude stronger compared to the best current experimental limits reported by the ATLAS collaboration at the LHC. Considering a realistic systematic uncertainty such as 10\% from possible experimental sources, our obtained limits of anomalous quartic couplings get worse by about one order of magnitude compared to those without systematic uncertainty but are still two orders of magnitude better than those recently reported by ATLAS., Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures, some typos corrected and reference added

Objective: Bleeding is the most common complication of conization of cervix. Hemostatic sutures, intraoperative ferric subsulfate, or vasopressin can be used when intraoperative bleeding occurred, whereas oral tranexamic acid (TA) may be used for post-operative bleeding. In this study, we aimed to find out whether intraoperative cervical TA administration in patients undergoing conization caused changes in the amount of intraoperative bleeding and post-operative hemogram. Material and Methods: Patients who have undergone cervical conization between January 2019 and July 2019 in Zeynep Kamil Health Application and Research Center Gynecological Diseases and Birth Clinic were evaluated. One hundred and five patients were included to our study. One ampoule of 10% TA was applied cervically to 47 of these patients. Both groups were evaluated in terms of measuring the intraoperative amount of blood in the aspirator, changes in post-operative hb/htc/plt values compared to the pre-operative values, and the rate of post-operative bleeding. Results: In our study, the amount of intraoperative hemorrhage and pre-operative hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet values compared to the post-operative values were found to be similar in both groups. Conclusion: Although TA has been shown to be effective on hemorrhage in benign gynecologic operations, menorrhagia, and postpartum hemorrhages, no significant effect on hemorrhage in conization with cervical TA administration has been demonstrated.

We present a detailed simulation study of the signatures from the sequential decays of the triple-strange pbar p -> {\Omega}+{\Omega}- -> K+{\Lambda}barK- {\Lambda} -> K+pbar{\pi}+K-p{\pi}- process in the PANDA central tracking system with focus on hit patterns and precise time measurement. We present a systematic approach for studying physics channels at the detector level and develop input criteria for tracking algorithms and trigger lines. Finally, we study the beam momentum dependence on the reconstruction efficiency for the PANDA detector.

Objective: To compare the intra-abdominal and extra-abdominal techniques in the repair of uterine incision in cesarean delivery. Methods: In this study, we analyzed the data of patients that underwent a cesarean section in Viranşehir State Hospital, a secondary care center. The present retrospective study included a total of 589 patients, of whom 296 underwent intra-abdominal uterine repair and 293 underwent extra-abdominal uterine repair in cesarean delivery. The groups were compared in terms of clinical characteristics, operation time, blood loss, and length of hospital stay. Results: Operation time significantly shorter in patients who underwent extra-abdominal uterine repair (p

The innovative technology of a marketable lab-on-a-chip platform for point-of-care (POC) in vitro detection has recently reveived remarkable attention. The POC tests can significantly enhance the high standard of medicinal care. In the last decade, clinical diagnostic technology has been broadly advanced and successfully performed in several areas. It seems that lab-on-a-chip approaches play a significant role in these technologies. However, high-cost and time-consuming methods are increasing the challenge and the development of a cost-effective, rapid and efficient method for the detection of biomolecules is urgently needed. Recently, polymer-coated sensing platforms have been a promising area that can be employed in medical diagnosis, pharmaceutical bioassays, and environmental monitoring. The designed on-chip sensors are based on molecular imprinting polymers (MIPs) that use label-free detection technology. Molecular imprinting shines out as a potentially promising technique for creating artificial recognition material with molecular recognition sites. MIPs provide unique advantages such as excellent recognition specificity, high selectivity, and good reusability. This review article aims to define several methods using molecular imprinting for biomolecules and their incorporation with several lab-on-chip technologies to describe the most promising methods for the development of sensing systems based on molecularly imprinted polymers. The higher selectivity, more user-friendly operation is believed to provide MIP-based lab-on-a-chip devices with great potential academic and commercial value in on-site clinical diagnostics and other point-of-care assays.

Iron (Fe) is an essential mineral, but iron overload can reason in multiple organ failures and cell injury. Iron overload syndromes can be widely classified as hereditary hemochromatosis. The development of iron overload is seen in hereditary hemochromatosis, a common inherited disorder that may lead to progressive organ dysfunction including cirrhosis, arthritis, hypogonadism, diabetes mellitus, and cardiomyopathy. If patients with iron overload are not treated, their life expectancy will be shortened. Nanochelators are usually utilized to remove overload iron. Many novel nanochelator have been formulated for effective methods. The ion molecular imprinting is a technique to form recognition sites in the highly cross-linked polymer using a template ion. In this research, effective ion-imprinted polymer-based nanoparticles were synthesized and evaluated for selective removal of iron(III). The iron-imprinted nanoparticles were prepared by using functional monomer N-methacryloyl-l-glutamic acid (MAGA) and comonomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate by mini-emulsion polymerization techniques. The template analyte was desorbed with 0.01 M EDTA desorption agent. The iron-imprinted nanoparticles were selective for Fe(III) toward other analogs (Zn(II), Cr(III) and Al(III)). The adsorption isotherm model fitted the Langmuir isotherm with 0.995 of R2 value and the 83.33 mg/g of Qmax value for the Fe(III)-imprinted nanoparticles. The values of separation factor (RL) were found to be 0.016 for Fe(III). The maximum binding capacity for the ion-imprinted nanoparticles was found to be 77.80 mg/g dry nanoparticles, which is 8.9 times higher than the non-imprinted nanoparticles under the same conditions. Synthetic gastric fluid experiments were also performed for Fe(III) removal.

In this study, amino acid functionalized poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacrylolyl-l-phenylalanine) [PHEMAPA] cryogel discs were prepared. In this respect, phenylalanine containing N-methacryloyl-(L)-phenylalanine methyl ester (MAPA) was polymerized with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) without requirement of any activation step. Laccase bound poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-N-methacryloyl-l-phenylalanine) [Lac-PHEMAPA] cryogel discs were applied for decolorization of Reactive Blue-247 (RB-247). The ability of Lac-PHEMAPA cryogel discs on dye decolorization was found to be as 90% in 2 h and even more within 4h. The decolorization activities of 86% and 73% were observed at relatively low (4°C) and high (60°C) temperatures, respectively. The effect of dye concentration on dye decolorization and 100% decolorization activity was achieved in dye concentration between 50-300 ppm. Lac-PHEMAPA cryogel discs maintained 80% of its decolorization activity after six cycles. Consequently, the PHEMAPA cryogel discs are promising materials for immobilizing laccase. The Lac-PHEMAPA has a rapid dye decolorization in a broad range of temperature. The preparation is furthermore very stable and activity is preserved during storage.

The purpose of this study was to determine the use of the method of Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) on the material of Learning mathematics with the method of Elaboration there are differences in the Ability of Mathematical Communication on the Material Logic. The population of this research there are 80 students. The sample of this research is class X-1 as an experimental class that diajarakan with STAD totaling 40 students, and the class X-2 as the control class taught by the method of Elaboration by the number of students 40 students. The average score of posttest experimental class one xe1= 5,83 with sandart deviation se1 = to 2.41, while the average score of posttest experimental class two xe27,29 with a standard deviation se2 = 2,69 . The difference score is the average value of Posttest for the experimental class two with the use of model elaboration is high compared to the score of the average value of posttest by using the cooperative model STAD of 1.46 with a standard deviation of 0.28. Based on the scores of posttest class ekaperimen one and experiment two, the obtained results of the test of significant t-test, so that the obtained value of t = 4,48 Results are in accordance with the testing criteria that H0 is accepted ttable> t> or -3,96 < 4,48. From the description above it can be concluded that there is a difference of students who are taught with STAD by the method of Elaboration on the Material Logic. Where the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and at once reject the Hypothesis of Zero ( H0) with the good category.