Search

Introduction: The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases has been rapidly increasing in developing countries, leading to an increasing incidence of acute coronary syndrome which is becoming a major health concern. Few studies have been conducted in hospital settings, which has led us to conduct this cross-sectional, descriptive study in Saint Louis in the north of Senegal, (250 km away from the capital) whose objective is to describe the epidemiological aspects of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in hospital settings. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional descriptive and retrospective study lasting two years from January 1, 2018 to 31 December 2019 which included all patients hospitalized in the cardiology department of the regional hospital of salary for an ACS. Results: Out of 475 patients admitted to the department of cardiology, 47 presented with acute coronary syndrome which is a prevalence of 9.89%. The mean age was 63+/-13.14 years. There was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.5. The meantime between the beginnings of symptoms to hospitalization was 50 hours. The most frequent clinical presentation was acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation (STEMI: ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction) in 39 patients. Hypertension was the most common cardiovascular risk factor in 23 patients and chest pain was the most common symptoms 72.3%. In STEMI patients, the ECG abnormalities were mainly in the anterior region and in NSTEMI (Non-ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction) patients the ECG abnormalities were mainly in the inferior region. On echocardiography, 64% of patients had an altered left ventricular ejection function in STEMI patients whereas in NSTEMI patients, the left ventricular ejection function was preserved in 71% of cases. STEMI patients received within the first 12 hours represented 66% of our population of which 84% benefited from thrombolysis with streptokinase with a success rate of 52%. The mean time to thrombolysis was six hours. Six patients or 12.76% were sent for coronarography. The most common complication was cardiovascular collapse (11%), 15% of patients died. Conclusion: The prevalence of acute coronary syndrome is increasing in West Africa with a predominance of ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. The main issues encountered were long leading times between onset of symptoms and hospital admission along with limited availability of medical facilities.

Introduction: Occlusion of the sinus node artery is a rare situation. It is responsible for sinus node dysfunction and often occurs accidentally during percutaneous coronary intervention of a proximal lesion of the right coronary artery Case Report: This is a sixty-year-old woman with high blood pressure treat by dual therapy (an enzyme conversion inhibitor and a thiazide diuretic), who presented to the cardiological emergency room for a typical angina pain that had been evolving for 48 hours without a lull. Her clinical examination was normal apart from grade 3 arterial hypertension. The 18-lead surface electrocardiogram showed an electrical left ventricular hypertrophy with undershift of the ST segment in lateral and posterior territories, with an overshift of the ST segment in the antero-septal without any sign of necrosis. Biologically, the ultra-sensitive troponinemia was 88 times normal. The diagnosis of NSTEMI with troponin was retained with an intermediate ischaemic risk. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography showed concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricular walls and dyskinesia of the right ventricle infero-apical wall. The coronary angiography showed an occlusion of the sinus node artery and a left coronary artery atheromatous with an intermediate lesion in the middle segment of the anterior interventricular artery. Conclusion: The present clinical case highlights the diversity in the expression of a sinus node artery occlusion that can occur spontaneously outside of a percutaneous coronary intervention.

Introduction: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains a major public health issue. In Senegal, there is a lack of data on this phenomenon; this underlies the relevance of this study whose objective is to study the epidemiological profile of victims experiencing unrecovered sudden cardiac arrest at Aristide LE DANTEC Hospital. Patients and Methods: This is a transverse study with retrospective data collection from January 1, 2016 to January 31, 2017. Included, in the study were all victims of sudden cardiac death in Dakar who had a necropsy in the morgues of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital. Results: We recorded 69 cases of sudden death of cardiovascular origin from 169 forensic autopsy reports, or 40.8% of autopsies. The average age was 44 years with a male predominance in 76.81%. The large majority of death occurred at home (26%), without witnesses (48%) and at rest (36%). Two cases of sudden death, or 3%, occurred at exertion. These deaths were recorded in 16% of cases in the middle of the day. The highest death rate was recorded during the month of December (15.9%). Malaise was the predominant symptom (13%) followed by emotional stress (6%). The existence of a history could only be clarified in 4% of cases. The electrocardiogram was only performed in 1 case. At necropsy, ischemic heart disease was the leading disease (46%), 26% of which was due to myocardial infarction, followed by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (16%) and mixed cardiomyopathy (13%). Tamponade, dilated cardiomyopathy and aortic dissection were found in 9%, 6% and 4% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: Sudden cardiac death is a major public health problem. In the Senegalese population, victims of unrecovered SCD are relatively young with a predominance of men. Coronary artery disease is the most frequently implicated pathology. Faced with this observation, a national program for the integrated control of cardiovascular risk factors is necessary.

Media mining, the extraction of meaningful knowledge from multimedia content has become a major application and poses significant computational challenges in today's platforms. Media mining applications contain many sophisticated algorithms that include data-intensive analysis, classification, and learning. This paper explores the use of Graphics Processing Units (GPU) in media mining. We are particularly focused on large-scale semantic concept detection, a state-of-the-art approach that maps media content to hight-level semantic concepts, and a building block in many Media mining applications. We present a fast, parallel, large-scale, high-level semantic concept detector that leverages the GPU for image/video retrieval and content analysis. Through efficient data partitioning and movement, we parallelize feature extraction routines. By interleaving feature extraction routines of different types, we increase the computational intensity and mitigate the negative effects of histogram-like reduction operations. To cope with the very large number of semantic concepts, we propose a data layout of concept models on a multi-GPU hybrid architecture for high throughput semantic concept detection. We achieve one to two orders of magnitude speedups compared to serial implementations and our experiments show that we can detect 374 semantic concepts at a rate of over 100 frames/sec. This is over 100 times faster than a LibSVM-based semantic concept detection.

The aim of this study was to compare the features of coronary artery disease between diabetic and non-diabetic patients.A case-control study was carried out from 1 May 2013 to 31 July 2015 in the department of cardiology of Aristide le Dantec university hospital. Forty-five diabetic patients and forty-five non-diabetic patients who underwent coronary angiography and / or angioplasty were included.There was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.6 in both groups. The mean age was 62.26 years for diabetics and 59.06 years for non-diabetics (p = 0.6). In diabetics, symptomatology was dominated by silent ischemia (48.9%) versus typical angina pain (68.9%) in non-diabetics. Myocardial infarction was the most common indication of coronary angiography in both groups. Coronary angiography revealed one-vessel disease (46.6% versus 41.7% p = 0.822), double vessel disease (26.7% versus 41.7% p = 0.091) and triple vessel disease (26.7% versus 16.6% p = 0.561). Angioplasty was indicated in 37.8% of diabetics versus 63.9% of non-diabetics. Nine diabetic patients and three non-diabetic patients had an indication of coronary artery bypass grafting.Our study confirms the greater frequency of silent ischemia and multiple-vessel disease in diabetics as well as a more frequent indication of coronary artery bypass grafting in these patients.L'objectif de cette étude était de comparer les aspects de la maladie coronaire entre les patients diabétiques et non diabétiques.Une étude cas-témoins a été réalisée du 1er mai 2013 au 31 juillet 2015 au service de cardiologie du CHU Aristide le Dantec. Quarante cinq patients diabétiques et 45 patients non diabétiques ayant bénéficié d'une coronarographie et/ou d'une angioplastie avaient été inclus.Nous avions retrouvé une prédominance masculine avec un sex ratio de 1,6 dans les deux groupes. L'âge moyen était de 62,26 ans pour les diabétiques et de 59,06 ans pour les non diabétiques (p=0,6). Chez les diabétiques, la symptomatologie était dominée par l'ischémie silencieuse (48,9%) et la douleur angineuse typique (68,9%) chez les non diabétiques. L'infarctus du myocarde était l'indication de la coronarographie la plus fréquente dans les deux groupes. La coronarographie retrouvait respectivement chez les diabétiques et non diabétiques une atteinte mono-tronculaire (46,6% versus 41,7% p=0,822), une atteinte bi-tronculaire (26,7% versus 41,7% p=0,091) et une atteinte tri-tronculaire (26.7% versus 16,6 % p=0,561). Une angioplastie avait été indiquée chez (37,8%) des diabétiques et (63,9%) des non diabétiques. Neuf patients diabétiques et trois patients non diabétiques avaient eu une indication de pontage coronaire.Notre étude confirme une plus grande fréquence de l'ischémie silencieuse et de l'atteinte multi tronculaire chez les diabétiques ainsi qu'une indication plus fréquente de pontage aorto coronaire.

The idiopathic myocardiopathy of the peripartum (IMPP) is a frequent disease in the Soudano-Sahelian zone of Africa whose evolution is loaded with many complications hemodynamic, thrombo-embolic and rhythmic. The prevalence and the meaning of the rhythm disorders are unknown. The aims of this prospective study are to measure and to describe the prevalence of the anomalies observed in Holter ECG of 24 hours. It's about a description cross-sectional study realized at the Cardiology Department (CHU Dakar) and 19 patients with IMPP were included, from October 2000 to July 2002. A recording ECG of 24 hours (Holter) was realized on all the patients. The average age was 29.4+/-6.9 years with a low socio-economic level (100%). The diagnosis of IMPP done before childbirth in 4 cases (21%) and the post partum on 15 patients (78.9%). The dyspnea was constant, the chest pain in 12 cases (63.1%) and palpitations in 8 cases (42%). The average rate of hemoglobin was of 10.85+/-2.05 g/dL. The standard electrocardiogram recorded a sinusal tachycardia (68.4%), a cavitary hypertrophy (78.8%), and disorders of the repolarization (47.3%). The cardiac echo-Doppler noted a cavitary dilatation (84.2%), a constant alteration of the left ventricular systolic function with a fraction of average ejection of 29.7+/-10.3%. The anatomy of the valves was normal. The recording Holter ECG of 24 hours recorded a sinusal tachycardia in 17 cases (89.4%), ventricular extrasystoles on 7 patients (36.8%), 4 cases of ventricular tachycardia non-sustained and double ventricular extrasystole on 1 patient, auricular extrasystoles in 4 cases (21%) and 1 case of auriculo-ventricular block of the first degree. The study of heart rate variability founded a mean value of 106 ms.