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Remote hearing screening and assessment may improve access to, and uptake of, hearing care. This review, the most comprehensive to date, aimed to (i) identify and assess functionality of remote hearing assessment tools on smartphones and online platforms, (ii) determine if assessed tools were also evaluated in peer-reviewed publications and (iii) report accuracy of existing validation data.Protocol was registered in INPLASY and reported according to PRISMA-Extension for Scoping Reviews.In total, 187 remote hearing assessment tools (using tones, speech, self-report or a combination) and 101 validation studies met the inclusion criteria. Quality, functionality, bias and applicability of each app were assessed by at least two authors.Assessed tools showed considerable variability in functionality. Twenty-two (12%) tools were peer-reviewed and 14 had acceptable functionality. The validation results and their quality varied greatly, largely depending on the category of the tool.The accuracy and reliability of most tools are unknown. Tone-producing tools provide approximate hearing thresholds but have calibration and background noise issues. Speech and self-report tools are less affected by these issues but mostly do not provide an estimated pure tone audiogram. Predicting audiograms using filtered language-independent materials could be a universal solution.

A range of deficits can cause children difficulty understanding speech in challenging listening environments, like noisy classrooms. Children with listening difficulties are at risk of having poor long-term academic outcomes and social skills (Barry et al., 2015), especially when clinicians cannot detect or remediate their specific deficits. Deficits in auditory, speech, language, or cognition abilities may present in similar manners on the individual child. Currently, it is difficult to determine the cause of these difficulties. A systematic approach to differentiate between these causes has been devised (Dillon & Cameron, 2021). The proposed approach is a tri-level test battery, a combination of top-level speech perception ability, mid-level phoneme identification ability, and low-level acoustic resolution ability (Dillon & Cameron, 2021). In conjunction with cognitive test scores, the combined approach will allow for differentiation of the cause of the observed listening deficit. A richer understanding of the underlying reasons for listening difficulties is central to developing customized efficacious interventions to avoid and alleviate long-term consequences.

Auditory order perception has been tested in limited ways mainly using the Frequency Pattern Test (FPT) (Musiek, 1994b) and the Duration Pattern Test (DPT) (Musiek, 1994b) in both children and adults (Lopes et al., 2010, Chowsilpa et al., 2021). Auditory order perception tests have been studied in a variety of clinical populations including auditory processing disorders, reading disorders, autism, hearing loss, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Studies have reported that children and adults diagnosed with auditory processing disorders (APD), other than based on order perception ability, and reading disorders (RD) have exhibited poorer performance than their age-matched peers on these tests of auditory order percept (Walker et al., 2006, Koravand & Jutras, 2013). However, the cause of deficits in order perception in children is largely unknown.Analysis of data obtained from our recently performed adult study on order perception indicated that frequency and duration subtests provided good correlations with each other, with the memory test and align with the literature’s wide use of FPT and DPT as standardized tests of order perception in school-aged children. The data norms obtained from this study from 6 to 12-year-old typically developing children and the clinical data from children with listening difficulties and reading disorders will help in determining the type of underlying deficit that results in poor performance on order perception tests in the clinical population. This in turn will have major implications for designing specific management strategies for individuals. Aims and Objectives • To obtain norms for new order perception tests in school-aged children between 6 to 11 years. • To determine the frequency with which each type of specific deficit is associated with poor performance on order perception tests in children with listening difficulties and reading disorders.

Sound Scouts Pty Ltd has created an automated audiometer that runs on iPads with consumer-grade headphones, and which is intended to allow adults or children down to 4 years of age to measure their own pure tone thresholds, giving a result in dB HL.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-4-tia-10.1177_2331216521999563 for Does Probe-Tube Verification of Real-Ear Hearing Aid Amplification Characteristics Improve Outcomes in Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Harvey Dillon and Kevin J. Munro in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-tia-10.1177_2331216521999563 for Does Probe-Tube Verification of Real-Ear Hearing Aid Amplification Characteristics Improve Outcomes in Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Harvey Dillon and Kevin J. Munro in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-tia-10.1177_2331216521999563 for Does Probe-Tube Verification of Real-Ear Hearing Aid Amplification Characteristics Improve Outcomes in Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Harvey Dillon and Kevin J. Munro in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-tia-10.1177_2331216521999563 for Does Probe-Tube Verification of Real-Ear Hearing Aid Amplification Characteristics Improve Outcomes in Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Harvey Dillon and Kevin J. Munro in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-tia-10.1177_2331216521999563 for Does Probe-Tube Verification of Real-Ear Hearing Aid Amplification Characteristics Improve Outcomes in Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Harvey Dillon and Kevin J. Munro in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-5-tia-10.1177_2331216521999563 for Does Probe-Tube Verification of Real-Ear Hearing Aid Amplification Characteristics Improve Outcomes in Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Harvey Dillon and Kevin J. Munro in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-tia-10.1177_2331216521999563 for Does Probe-Tube Verification of Real-Ear Hearing Aid Amplification Characteristics Improve Outcomes in Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Harvey Dillon and Kevin J. Munro in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-tia-10.1177_2331216521999563 for Does Probe-Tube Verification of Real-Ear Hearing Aid Amplification Characteristics Improve Outcomes in Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Harvey Dillon and Kevin J. Munro in Trends in Hearing

Objective: This study describes a new automated strategy to determine the detection status of an electrophysiological response. Design: Response, noise and signal-to-noise ratio of the cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) were characterised. Detection rules were defined: when to start testing, when to conduct subsequent statistical tests using residual noise as an objective criterion, and when to stop testing. Study sample: Simulations were run to determine optimal parameters on a large combined CAEP data set collected in 45 normal-hearing adults and 17 adults with hearing loss. Results: The proposed strategy to detect CAEPs is fully automated. The first statistical test is conducted when the residual noise level is equal to or smaller than 5.1 µV. The succeeding Hotelling’s T2 statistical tests are conducted using pre-defined residual noise levels criteria ranging from 5.1 to 1.2 µV. A rule was introduced allowing to stop testing before the maximum number of recorded epochs is reached, depending on a minimum p-value criterion. Conclusion: The proposed framework can be applied to systems which involves detection of electrophysiological responses in biological systems containing background noise. The proposed detection algorithm which optimise sensitivity, specificity, and recording time has the potential to be used in clinical setting.

Supplemental material, Supplemental Material2 for Direct-to-Consumer Hearing Devices: Capabilities, Costs, and Cosmetics by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Kevin J. Munro, Piers Dawes, Michael A. Stone and Harvey Dillon in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, Supplemental Material1 for Direct-to-Consumer Hearing Devices: Capabilities, Costs, and Cosmetics by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Kevin J. Munro, Piers Dawes, Michael A. Stone and Harvey Dillon in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, Supplemental Material4 for Direct-to-Consumer Hearing Devices: Capabilities, Costs, and Cosmetics by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Kevin J. Munro, Piers Dawes, Michael A. Stone and Harvey Dillon in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, Supplemental Material3 for Direct-to-Consumer Hearing Devices: Capabilities, Costs, and Cosmetics by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Kevin J. Munro, Piers Dawes, Michael A. Stone and Harvey Dillon in Trends in Hearing

Supplemental material, Supplemental Material5 for Direct-to-Consumer Hearing Devices: Capabilities, Costs, and Cosmetics by Ibrahim Almufarrij, Kevin J. Munro, Piers Dawes, Michael A. Stone and Harvey Dillon in Trends in Hearing