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The ongoing degradation of natural resources and climate change are the focus of close attention of the global and business community. Sustainable development goals have been formulated at the highest levels of global economic governance. However, the existing trends are not broken and, obviously, a critical mass of business on a global scale is being conducted contrary to the declared direction. The purpose of the study is to identify the necessary characteristics of the management system of a sustainable organisation and the driving forces of its development. To achieve this goal, the author used the method of conceptual analysis. The systematisation of the research results was carried out on the basis of the author’s concept of the architectonics of the organisation’s management system. The approaches used to the formation of sustainability and management models of sustainable organisations were analysed both in the form of cases and in an analytical form. As a result of the study, the author revealed the features of managing a sustainable business organisation. Fundamental among them is the leader’s set of values. It is a necessary factor for the existence of the organisation. This particular set of values the author calles “sustainability”, and it determines the proper functioning of other system elements: organisational culture, performance indicators and internal organisational standards. The most significant sign of the “sustainability” set of values influence on the management system are investment decisions. In particular, the most striking indicator of the sustainability of the management system is the priority of long-term goals over short-term ones in the choice of production technologies in the company’s development process. The study confirmed the need for an integrated approach to assessing the sustainability of business organisations. The results of the study were used to create a conceptual architectonics of a sustainable organisation management system.

Relevance. Ketosis is a frequently observed disease in cattle, which is especially susceptible to highly productive cows after calving, and therefore the search for affordable and effective methods for the prevention and correction of this condition is actively pursued.Materials and methods. The biochemical parameters of the blood serum of Blackand-White cows with subclinical ketosis treated according to schemes that included propylene glycol, natural zeolites of the Khotynets deposit, and lecithin were studied. The biochemical composition of blood serum and the activity of enzymes in it were investigated in 4 groups of newly calved cows: 1 — clinically healthy (control); 2 — animals with subclinical ketosis which received 250 ml of propylene glycol 2 times a day for 7 days; 3 — animals with subclinical ketosis which received 250 ml of propylene glycol 2 times a day for 7 days and zeolites in the amount of 3% of the dry weight of the feed for 21 days; 4 — animals with subclinical ketosis which received 250 ml of propylene glycol 2 times a day for 7 days, zeolites in the amount of 3% of the dry weight of the feed and 15 g of lecithin per 100 kg of live weight for 21 days.Research results. It was found that the restoration of the parameters of the biochemical composition of the blood serum of diseased cows to the levels of clinically healthy animals had been achieved on the 22nd day of therapy with the combined use of propylene glycol, natural zeolites and lecithin. The exception was the glucose content, which remained significantly increased by 14.0% compared to the control. The advantage of a complex treatment scheme over the main therapy used on the farm with the use of only propylene glycol is expressed in a significant increase on the 22nd day of the experiment in the blood serum of total protein by 7.0%, urea — by 17.5%, a decrease in cholesterol concentration by 29.0%, total bilirubin — by 27.5%, AST enzyme activities — by 31.9% and LDH — by 28.5%.

The diagnostic methods of senior pupils spiritual development are exposed in the article.

In this article author examines one of the most effective pedagogical conditions of spiritual senior pupils' education - humanization o f pedagogical process.

It was considered the insertion of various educational forms in out-of-school activities based on the principle of unity of pedagogical management with the development of pupil's activity, self-dependence, and initiative as one of pedagogical conditions used in spiritual senior pupils ’ education of youthmusical subculture.

Для оцінки моторно-евакуаторної функції шлунково-кишкового тракту при синдромі подразненого кишечника (СПК) можливе використання ряду методів. Мета даного дослідження полягала в тому, щоб вивчити моторику товстого кишечника у хворих на різні клінічні варіанти СПК, використовуючи метод динамічної сцинтиграфії. Матеріали та методи. У дослідження було включено 107 пацієнтів із СПК (згідно з Римськими критеріями III (2006)). Усі пацієнти були розподілені на 4 групи: I група — хворі на СПК із запором (36 осіб — 33,6 %), II група — на СПК із діареєю (35 — 32,7 %), III група — на неспецифічний варіант СПК (22 — 20,7 %), IV група — на змішаний варіант СПК (14 — 13,0 %). Динамічна сцинтиграфія була виконана з використанням сцинтиляційної гамма-камери OFECT‑1 і електронно-розрахункової машини. Середня активність радіофармпрепаратів (РФП) була взята в розмірі 10 МБк/кг маси тіла пацієнта. Результати. Результати показали, що при СПК із запором проходження РФП зменшується (збільшується радіоактивність у ділянці живота (> 60 %), асиметрія правої та лівої частини кишечника — < 31 %, р < 0,05 у всіх випадках). При СПК із діареєю швидкість проходження РФП збільшилася (радіоактивність у ділянці живота < 60 %, асиметрія правої та лівої частини кишечника > 25 %, р < 0,05 у всіх випадках). Статистично значимих змін у моториці при неспецифічному та змішаному варіанті СПК не виявлено (р > 0,05). Висновок. Використовуючи метод динамічної сцинтиграфії, ми виявили помітне уповільнення проходження РФП у хворих на СПК із запором (р < 0,05), тоді як при СПК із діареєю швидкість проходження РФП була збільшена (р < 0,05). При інших варіантах СПК не було виявлено статистично значимих змін.

The study presents a motivational delegation model and provides its validation with allowance for the results of recent studies in educational psychology, neurobiology, and pedagogy. In this model, delegation is a communication process serving to transform the intrinsic motivation of employees to align it with business goals and objectives.Aim. This study aims to validate and verify a model of motivational delegation based on studies in neurobiology, psychology, and pedagogy.Tasks. The authors analyze studies on the subject of motivation in neurobiology, social psychology, and pedagogy, identify factors that explain a motivation model based on internal self-determination, and substantiates an algorithm of communication between the manager and the subordinate during the delegation of business tasks.Methods. The scientific methodology of the study includes empirical modeling based on the author’s experiments, analyzing and synthesizing information about intrinsic motivation from available sources, evaluating relevance to the tasks, identifying factors affecting motivation, abstracting and modeling a mechanism and algorithm of motivational delegation.Results. To simplify the understanding of the neurofunctionality of human motivation and modeling of motivation during delegation, the authors introduce the concepts of “want” motivation and “need” motivation. Deep motivational attitudes embedded into the functioning of the amygdala in the form of value orientations can be briefly defined as the “unconscious want”. A positive or negative encoded signal generated by the amygdala that enters different parts of the brain depending on its nature can be referred to as the “conscious want”. The positive “conscious want” activates the prefrontal cortex, i.e. the cognitive and communicative function, while the “conscious don’t want” activates spatial orientation and avoidance motivation. For extrinsic motivation stimuli, the authors introduce the definition of “need”, assuming that the origin of these stimuli is completely extraneous and appears in the prefrontal cortex upon assignment of the delegated task. There are many tools for collaborative goal-setting and team project planning that can activate the “conscious want”. However, if there is a gap between the conscious and the unconscious “want”, there will be no real engagement in the task.Conclusions. Motivational delegation makes it possible to reliably activate both the emotional part of the employee’s brain, which provides energy for performing the task, and the prefrontal complex, which is responsible for the reasoning, creativity, and logic behind the result and execution of the task. Delegation becomes more complex and can be used efficiently in highly intellectual activities for solving creative and logical tasks.

The rapidly changing world, the increasing competition in the labor market, the widespread introduction of digital technologies set new challenges for education. In the Czech Republic, as in other Eastern European countries, which simultaneously entered the European Union and are developing in line with general trends, research educators are considering a new learning culture that is in line with the knowledge society and aimed at active, constructive, independent, motivated and holistic learning. As the principles and features of the new learning culture, they single out the construction of educational material based on constructivist theories of learning, the creation of a new active learning environment, the changing role of the teacher and student, the use of teaching methods that are consistent with its new tasks and goals.

The goal of the study was to describe perceptual and acoustic characteristics of emotional spontaneous speech of adolescents aged 14–16 years. 18 adolescents aged 14–16 years (9 boys and 9 girls, three people in each age) were participants. Perceptual analysis of speech of children by adults (70 Russian speakers and 70 speakers of other languages) was conducted to define the emotional state via voice and speech characteristics. Instrumental and linguistic analysis was used to determine acoustic features and linguistic information on which listeners rely while recognizing the adolescents’ state. It was shown that listeners had difficulty in recognizing the emotional state of adolescents, but Russian-speaking listeners recognized the emotional state better (26% of phrases recognized with probability 0.75–1.0) than speakers of other languages. Adults recognized comfort better than discomfort, Russian listeners better than foreigners. Russian listeners are likely to rely on acoustic and linguistic information, speakers of other languages – on acoustic features of adolescents’ speech. Phrases uttered in comfort are characterized by a wider pitch range vs. phrases uttered in the neutral state. It was revealed that the phrases of girls uttered in comfort have significantly higher average pitch values vs. discomfort. There were no significant differences between boys and girls in acoustic characteristics of emotional speech. Phrase duration and pitch range values can be included in automatic recognition systems of the speaker’s emotional state via speech as additional informative features. The paper discusses the specificity of emotion manifestation in adolescents and the possibility of further use of the results.

Th e article discusses the main stages of the implementation of assets and liabilities valuation at discounted value in the context of reforming Russian accounting. It identifi es some practical issues that are to be solved by economic actors conducting valuation at discounted value.

The world of education continues to be presented by national education systems that are more or less integrated into international programs and initiatives. Students in modern conditions of digitalization, internationalization and mobility receive education from different sources and contexts. All of them reflect the values, attitudes and worldview of their carriers. In such a situation, the national-cultural and global-cultural self-determination of students develops. The fact that it is possible to form multidirectional identities is a challenge to education. The purpose of the article was to identify the sources and contexts of the formation of different identities. The article is theoretical in nature. Analysis, communication and interpretation are methods which were used. The methodological approach of A. Straus was used as a methodological base. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the main sources and contexts of the formation of the national and cultural identity of students in most countries are national education systems. The main sources and contexts for the formation of the global identity of students included global education, international organizations and the Internet. The article shows how ambiguously different countries assess the value of the identity, which of the countries are ready to sacrifice national self-determination, and which are not. The issues of national-cultural and global-cultural self-determination of students can hardly be considered.

It is noted in the article that the increase in peak ground acceleration (PGA) by a factor of about 1.4 proposed by seismologists in a project of seismic intensity scale clearly reflects the lessons learned from earthquakes of the past. However, the use of suggested PGA values in the design codes and standards requires modification of the codes and standards themselves, as well as differentiated approach to defining the design level of PGA. Engineers should consider the dependence of the design PGA on the oscillation periods of structures, whereas seismologists should differentiate the PGA value depending on the prevailing period of the seismic effect. Transition to the new seismic scale affects the design and maximum design earthquakes differently. The intensity of a design earthquake for objects of massive structure does not exceed VII on the MSK scale, and in this aspect the new seismic scale does not differ considerably from the existing one. For maximum design earthquakes, PGA increases significantly, but the criterion of seismic resistance changes from acceleration of the structure to the work of plastic deformation forces. In this case, possible destruction depends little on PGA, but rather on such energy seismic effect characteristics as the Arias intensity, absolute cumulative velocity, and seismic energy density. A correct approach to calculation when carrying out the performance-based design and transition to the new intensity scale would not lead to higher costs for most buildings and structures. Moreover, if one does not use the new scale, transition to modern methods of performance-based design will be impossible.

Virus technology organizational changes model is presented as an outcome of multidisciplinary research. The model consists of organizational virus structure, chang-es algorithm and immune instruments for process interruption. Author considers organiza-tional transformation virus as a value substance, shown out in attitude, behavior pattern, with information message as an envelope. Virus organizational transformation algorithm consists of three phases - penetration, assimilation, multiplication, focused on the opinion leader. Immunity appears in different existences: opinion leader personality, level of con-formity in organization and reflection as controlling and analytical tool. There are sever-al hypothesis for further researches presented in the article.

In the article was discusses the questions about the effect of feeding chelate complexes of trace elements of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) on morphological and biochemical blood indicators of cows of Ukrainian black mottled dairy breed on the second month of lactation. For the experiment, 40 cows were selected and formed four groups: one control and three experimental. The cows in the control group fed a premix of sulfate salts of Cu, Zn and Mn in doses that are 100% covered their lack in a forage. Experimental animals from I, II and III groups were fed premixes with chelate complexes of Cu, Zn and Mn, which offset the deficiency of trace elements in the feed ration for 100, 50 and 25% (calculated on pure element), respectively. In animal blood examined the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, phagocytic activity of neutrophils, and in serum – total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, carotene, creatinine, urea, cholesterol, activity of AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase. As a result studies, have shown that blood indicators of the animals were within physiological fluctuations. Found that in the serum of animals of III experimental group the contents of total protein was lowered by 4.1% (P < 0.05) than in the first, and by 3.6% (P < 0.1) relative to the second group. It was determined that the concentration of albumin and total calcium in serum of II experimental group of cows was higher by 4.6% and by 6.0% (P < 0.1), respectively, relative to the third group. Content of inorganic phosphorus in the blood serum of animals of II group was higher at trends over the indicator in the serum of animals of the control and first experimental groups by 8.1% and by 6.9%, respectively. According to other indicators of animals blood does not have significant difference.

The article investigates the issue of equal educational opportunities and learning achievements for students belonging to different social classes, communities and confessions, and analyses various approaches to its solution. The authors of the article reflect on the concept of equal opportunities and the current state of its implementation in the world and in Russian education. The idea of equal educational opportunities for all is one of the key ideas in education policies and strategies of different countries in the information age. In the present situation of social inequality, many countries with developed economies focus on creating conditions for equal educational opportunities and learning achievements within the framework of their education policies for certain social groups (people of the third age, migrants and their children, people with special needs etc.—inclusive education). This innovative research is multidisciplinary in nature. It is accounted for by the clear eagerness of scientists and educators of different countries for international dialogue about systemic reforms and the most critical issues, in order to find the best solutions to the present-day obstacles. The study aims at developing methodological approaches to tackling the problem of equal opportunities for everyone in the contemporary society. The findings of the study should lead to establishing fundamental scientific notions on the current stage of the implementation of the concept of equal opportunities and learning achievements (expertise), at outlining teaching conditions and mechanisms that are necessary for its implementation.

Background. Stroma is a crucial factor in the growth and progression of prostate cancer. However, the morphological and molecular biological signs of cancer stroma that define prognosis of the disease have been investigated insufficiently. Objective. To identify relationships between morphological, immunohistochemical (vimentin, smooth muscle actin-α, MMP-9, collagen type IV) characteristics of the cancer stroma and criteria of aggressive clinical behavior, the risk of recurrence of prostate cancer. Metods. Stroma of the tumors was quantified in 112 patients treated with radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate carcinoma. Cancers were divided into three risk groups. Immunohistochemical study was conducted on the material of 33 cases of prostate cancer, 10 cases of normal prostate and 11 cases of atypical hyperplasia, in total 54 cases. The 2 test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient where used to compare the studied features. Results. Desmoplasia of prostate cancer occurred in 61.6% of cases, low, moderate and high grade in 29.5%, 25.9% and 6,2% respectively. Expression of vimentin, smooth muscle actin-α, MMP-9, collagen type IV in the cancer stroma where not uniform. Conclusion. Decrease of differentiation of prostate cancer from G1 to G2 was associated with increased degree of tumor desmoplasia, identified tendency to reduce desmoplasia level with decreasing differentiation to G3. Also revealed, the less differentiated tumor, the more expressed peritumoral reactive fibrosis. Absence of desmoplasia typical for low-risk prostate cancer, moderate and severe desmoplasia associated with cancers of the intermediate risk group. Stroma of prostate cancer with decreasing of tumor differentiation and growth of aggressive clinical behavior characterized by the disappearance of the collagen type IV, tendency to decrease smooth muscle actin-α and increase expression of vimentin because of increasing the number of tumor-associated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. In the stromal cells with decreasing differentiation of prostate cancer and increasing the risk of recurrence has tended to increase of MMP-9 expression.

The properties of the Earth’s solid crust have been studied on the assumption that this crust has a block structure. According to the rotation model, the motion of such a medium (geomedium) follows the angular momentum conservation law and can be described in the scope of the classical elasticity theory with a symmetric stress tensor. A geomedium motion is characterized by two types of rotation waves with shortand long-range actions. The first type includes slow solitons with velocities of 0 ≤ Vsol ≤ c0, max = 1–10 cm s–1; the second type, fast excitons with V0 ≤ Vex ≤ VS–VP. The exciton minimal velocity (V0 = 0) depends on the energy of the collective excitation of all seismically active belt blocks proportional to the Earth’s pole vibration frequency (the Chandler vibration frequency). The exciton maximal velocity depends on the velocities of S (VS ≈ 4 km s–1) and/or P (VP ≈ 8 km s–1) seismic (acoustic) waves. According to the rotation model, a geomedium is characterized by the property physically close to the corpuscular–wave interaction between blocks that compose this medium. The possible collective wave motion of geomedium blocks can be responsible for the geomedium rheidity property, i.e., a superplastic volume flow. A superplastic motion of a quantum fluid can be the physical analog of the geomedium rheid motion.

This paper focuses on a key success factor in higher education, which is its management, related to creating conditions for successful education. The notion “successful education” is complicated and it has not been analyzed conceptionally. We argue that successful education is the one which provides students with experience to succeed in life. The models of successful online education should aim at supporting students’ experience rather than at providing admission to the technology itself. Management in higher education, in this case will be built on organization students’ experience which leads to successful education. X culture model has proved to serve this purpose.

Potassium (K+) channels constitute the most diverse class of ion channels; these channels are especially important for regulation of the neuronal excitability and provide signaling activity in a variety of ways. These channels are major determinants of the membrane excitability, influencing the resting potential of the membranes, waveforms and frequencies of action potentials, and thresholds of excitation. Voltagegated K+ channels do not exist as independent units merely responding to changes in the transmembrane potential; these are macromolecular complexes able to integrate a great variety of cellular signals that provide fine tuning of channel activities. Compounds that change K+ channel properties are commonly employed as therapeutic agents in a number of pathologies, in particular arrhythmias, cancer, and neurological disorders (psychoses, epilepsy, stroke, and Alzheimer’s disease).

The questions are considered about the effect of feeding of trace elements of different types and concentrations in premixes on the average daily balance of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) in the organism of cows of Ukrainian black mottled dairy breed of the two months after calving. For the experiment, 40 cows were selected and formed four groups: one control and three experimental. The cows in the control group fed a premix of sulfate salts of copper, zinc and manganese in doses that are 100% covered their lack in a forage. Experimental animals from I, II and III groups were fed premixes with chelate complexes of Cu, Zn and Mn, which offset the deficiency of trace elements in the feed ration for 100, 50 and 25% (calculated on pure element), respectively. The diet was counted on a cow with an average live weight of 550 kg, with a daily milk yield of 20 kg 4% fat and balanced on the basis of the main nutrients in accordance with the norms. Іn the feeds, excrements, urine and milk of cows, the content of trace elements copper, zinc and manganese was determined by the standardized atomic absorption method on the spectrophotometer AAS-30 («SaglZeiss», Germany). Found a higher percentage of trace elements deposition in the body cows of feeding of chelates of copper, zinc, and manganese in the concentrations that cover their deficit in the diet in the 100% and 50% in the experimental I and II groups: Cu – 7.3% (P < 0.05) and 1.4%, Zn by 12.2% and 15.0% (P < 0.001), Mn by 13.2% (P < 0.01) and 9.0% (P < 0.05), respectively, in comparison with their sulfate salts in a 100 % dose. Based on the results of the balance study, the use in the feeding of cows during lactation of chelates of trace elements in concentrations intermediate to different experimental groups was proposed, namely – below normal their input in the form of sulfate salts on 25% for copper, 50% – zinc, and 65% – for manganese (calculated on pure element).

In this paper, a general case of conformal invariant vacuum nonlinear electrodynamics is studied. We analyze the consistency of this electrodynamics model with fundamental principles such as causality, unitarity, and the Ellis-Hawking dominant energy condition. Certain features of the electromagnetic waves in this model are investigated.

The article presents the results of the research of pedagogical education reforming processes from the 1990-s to 2015. Having become an important task alongside with cardinal changes in the sphere of education at the present stage of social world development, this process has also affected the countries in the post-Soviet space which appeared as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union. The findings of a comparative analysis of the state and trends in the development of pedagogical education in certain countries in the post-Soviet space are considered (Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Moldova, the Baltic republics, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan). Common and distinctive features characterizing the transformation in this area are identified, such as the desire to join the Bologna process, i.e. transition to multi-level teacher training on the basis of classical universities; provision of all teachers with higher education; functioning of programs to improve the qualifications of teaching staff. At the same time, the transition to new forms and levels of teachers education depends on the political and economic factors that operate in specific countries. The authors identify the problem points that exist in certain countries: a decline in the prestige of the teachers profession, the lack of staff of pedagogical workers and insufficient level of their preparation in the educational institutions of specific countries. Along with the existing problems, a general tendency to create a system of training and upgrading the qualifications of pedagogical workers that corresponds to the level of world development has been found.

Tkachenko P. V., Yakovtcova I. I., Dolgaya O. V., Ivakhno I. V. Expression of vimentin, E-cadherin and TGF-β as markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and criteria for the prognosis of the diseaseby epithelium in benign pathology and prostate gland cancer. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(7):764-775. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.843519 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4700 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.07.2017. Revised: 02.07.2017. Accepted: 31.07.2017. Expression of vimentin, E-cadherin and TGF-β as markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and criteria for the prognosis of the diseaseby epithelium in benign pathology and prostate gland cancer P. V. Tkachenko, I. I. Yakovtcova, O. V. Dolgaya, I. V. Ivakhno Kharkiv medical academy of postgraduate education Abstract Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in prostate gland cancer is a criterion of aggressive biological behavior of the tumor, but the clinical material is not sufficiently studied. The objective of the research was to study epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and its prognostic significance in benign pathology and prostate gland cancer. The absence of vimentin expression and the evident reaction of E-cadherin in the epithelium in benign pathology of the prostate glandwere revealed. The change in the expression of these markers in prostate gland canceroccur at the expense of low-differentiated forms and is characteristic of the high-risk group (p Key words: prostate gland cancer, vimentin, E-cadherin, TGFβ, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation.

Dendrites provide the analysis and transmission of numerous and variable synaptic signals to the soma and axon hillock of nerve cells. According to generally accepted concepts, generation of action potentials (APs) is initiated precisely in the latter cell compartment. The problem of the dynamics of functioning of voltage-operated ion channels, whose properties are extremely variable, is closely related to the integrative functions of the dendrites. These channels are involved in information transmission and its translation to other domains of the neuron. The biophysical properties of dendrite ion channels and the density of their distribution in many cases differ significantly from the analogous indices in other compartments of the neuron. Moreover, the expression of ion channels and their properties in different branches of the dendrite tree of one and the same neuron can be considerably dissimilar. Such phenomena as back-propagation of APs via the dendrites and the possible initiation of local APs in some branches of the dendrite tree are significantly involved in the induction of synaptic plasticity; these processes may result in either augmentation of synaptic potentials or their suppression. Local synthesis of definite proteins is also realized in the dendrites; this process is controlled by synaptic inputs and postsynaptic activity. The possibility of performance of a few integrative functions by separate dendrites of a single neuron is at present intensely discussed; earlier, such functions were postulated to be a prerogative of complex neuronal networks.

In the article the author studies the credibility of valeological rumors, develops their typology on the basis of the criteria of credibility, and proposes the systematization of sources of information about health in the communication space. It is concluded that the rumors of health vary in their degree of credibility which depends primarily on the reputation of the source of information, as well as on the frequency of references to this source, on the understanding of independence or involvement of the source and the opportunity to provide feedback to it.

Molecular mechanisms of the synapse and dendrite integrity maintenance and their disruption in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are being studied intensively to identify target genes for therapeutic activities. It is suggested that synapse is a tripartite system in which glia, alongside with well-studied pre- and postsynaptic neurons, represents a third, poorly studied partner in synaptic transmission involved in a positive feedback loop between the other two partners. It is the glia cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and the transmembrane proteins, neuregulins, that mediate bidirectional coupling between presynaptic neurons and their postsynaptic targets. Neuregulins are structurally related to the epidermal growth factor and have a cytoplasmic domain that interacts with intracellular LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1), the key enzyme of actin remodeling. Since neurons and axons that do not receive a sufficient GDNF supply are at risk of degeneration and synapse elimination, GDNF became a central target factor in human NDD therapy. The delivery of GDNF-producing stem cells to the nidus of neurodegeneration by transplantation surgery is an efficient tool for NDD treatment. A new approach is proposed based on the use of the Drosophila heat shock (hs) promoter that responds to the mammalian body temperature and ensures constant expression of the human GDNF gene. The Drosophila models facilitate studying the role of each component of the bidirectional signaling between pre- and postsynaptic neurons in the development of the key diagnostic NDD symptom—a defective memory formation resulted from synaptic atrophy. To assess the efficiency of memory formation depending on the level of GDNF and LIMK1 brain expression, we used the Drosophila strains simulating different nervous system disorders: GDNF, the transgenic flies that carry the human GDNF gene under hs-promoter, l(1)ts403, the mutants with disruption of heat shock proteins (HSPs) mRNA nuclear trafficking, and agn ts3 carrying a mutation in LIMK1 gene. We investigated at the behavioral (learning/memory) level the functional connections between GDNF, LIMK1 and HSP signaling transductions that might offer promising targets for complex approaches to NDD treatment.

Data on the influence of « Biotam » microelement s composition on the level of vitamins A , Е , В 2 in blood, liver and muscles of piglets in early postnatal ontogenesis are presente d. Significant increase of its concentration s in the animals of the experi mental group is shown.

The structure of the training of the students third year of Krivoy Rog State Pedagogical University for pedagogical practice in summer camps is considered in flu article.

Using a radioisotope technique, we studied the effect of dephosphorylated 2′,5′-trioligoadenylate (2′,5′ ApApA) on the entry of sodium ions into cultured human neuroblastoma cells (IMR 32 strain). Short-term (nearly 1 h) action of 2′,5′ ApApA did not influence the entry of sodium ions through voltage-operated sodium channels in the absence of neurotoxins modulating the characteristics of these channels (toxin of a scorpion, Leiurus quinquestriatus, + veratrine). At the same time, 2′,5′ ApApA weakened in a dose-dependent manner the entry of sodium ions through sodium channels opened upon the action of the above neurotoxins. In cells cultured for 22 h in a medium containing 5 · 10−6 M 2′,5′ ApApA, the entry of sodium ions in the absence of neurotoxins was 25% greater, while in the presence of neurotoxins it was 24% smaller than that in the control cells. Tetrodotoxin (TTX, 4 · 10−7 M) blocked completely sodium entry through sodium channels in cells cultured in the absence of 2′,5′ ApApA, while in cells cultured in the presence of this adenylate TTX decreased the entry by 64%. It is hypothesized that long-lasting action of 2′,5′ ApApA results in the appearance of voltage-operated TTX-insensitive sodium channels in the plasma membrane of IMR 32 cells. Our data show that 2′,5′ ApApA is capable of modulating to a considerable extent the functioning of mechanisms controlling transport of sodium ions in cells of human neuroblastoma cells of the IMR 32 strain.

In this paper we represent nonperturbative calculation for one-loop Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) vacuum birefringence in presence of strong magnetic field. The dispersion relations for electromagnetic wave propagating in strong magnetic field point to retention of vacuum birefringence even in case when the field strength greatly exceeds Sauter-Schwinger limit. This gives a possibility to extend some predictions of perturbative QED such as electromagnetic waves delay in pulsars neighbourhood or wave polarization state changing (tested in PVLAS) to arbitrary magnetic field values. Such expansion is especially important in astrophysics because magnetic fields of some pulsars and magnetars greatly exceed quantum magnetic field limit, so the estimates of perturbative QED effects in this case require clarification., Comment: 4 figures

The object, tasks, content of student's summer pedagogical practice are exposed in the article. It was considered the structure of pedagogical knowledge at process of student's training for summer pedagogical practice.

In this article author examines system of training's tasks which favour the forming of empirical component of future teacher's spirituality.

We studied the effect of an epoxy derivative of dephosphorylated 2′,5′-trioligoadenylate (5′,5′ApApAepoxy) resistive to the action of cellular phosphodiesterase on cells of human neuroblastoma IMR 32 cultured in vitro. Twenty-two hours after the addition of 5·10−6 M 2′,5′ApApAepoxy to the culture medium, the number of cells decreased by 20% (P < 0.05), while the content of protein in these cells increased, on average, by 52% (P < 0.01), as compared with the control. The activities of Na+,K+-and Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPases in a microsomal fraction obtained from cells cultured in the presence of 2′, 5′ ApApAepoxy decreased by 50% (P < 0.001) as compared with those in the control cells. Our data indicate that 2′,5′ApApAepoxy possess antiproliferative activity. According to our findings, the antiproliferative effect of 2′,5′ ApApAepoxy can, to a great extent, be explained by the fact that this oligoadenylate derivative significantly modulates the activities of Na+,K+-and Ca2+,Mg2+-ATPases.

We studied the effects of interferon (IFN)-α 2b on cells obtained from the brain of human embryos (4 to 12 weeks of gestation). It was demonstrated that IFN exerts modulatory effects on biochemical and physico-chemical properties of cells of embryonic nerve tissue in the early stages of embryonic development (from 4 weeks of gestation). IFN decreased the content of protein, inhibited the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase, and induced changes in the superficial charge of the plasma membrane. Based on the obtained experimental data, we suppose that IFN-α 2b is involved in regulation of neurogenesis.

Currently, we can see the rapid evolution of mobile technology, which involves mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile software. Features of mobile phones largely depend on software. In contemporary information and communication age [1–4], mobile application is one of the most concerned and rapidly developing areas. At the same time, the development of mobile application undergoes great changes with the introduction of new software, service platforms and software development kits (SDK). These changes lead to appearance of many new service platforms such as Google with Android and Apple with iOS. This article presents the information about the evolution of mobile application, gives some statistical data on the past and present situation, demonstrates how individual users of mobile devices can benefit, and shows how mobile applications affect society from the ethical perspective.

The definite explanation of the conception of subculture has been exposed, and the causes of its origin, its components, and its specific peculiarities have been considered. The educational functions of musical subculture of youth for forming of senior pupil's spirifmillts have been done.

To elucidate molecular mechanisms of neurotropic action of a recombinant interferon, IFN-α2b (laferon), its effect on transport of 22Na+ through the membrane of cultured human neuroblastoma cells (line IMR 32) was investigated. Within the first minutes after treatment with IFN-α2b, the influx of 22Na+ ions was reduced by 20%, as compared with the control. Depolarization of the plasma membrane by a mixture of veratrine and scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus) toxin (200 and 10 μg/ml, respectively) increased this flux by 50% in the control and by 70% in the IFN-α2b-treated cells. A blocker of voltage-operated sodium channels, tetrodotoxin (TTX, 4 · 10-7 M), suppressed the inward flux of 22Na+ ions (completely in the control cells and by 75% in the IFN-α2b-treated cells). The influx of 22Na+ ions into neuroblastoma cells depended on the concentration of IFN-α2b in the incubation medium, reaching a maximum at concentrations of 600-1000 IU/ml. This allows us to suggest that entry of Na+ ions into neuroblastoma cells caused by IFN-α2b is basically performed through voltage-operated TTX-sensitive sodium channels.