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Knowledge about the residual effect of herbicides is important in order to increase agronomic efficacy and reduce environmental problems. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of oxyfluorfen and linuron in three soils. Pots of 0.35 dm3 were filled with three Brazilian soils: Ultisol, Oxisol, and Inceptisol. Then, the herbicides were applied at different times at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 200 days and the bioindicator species of linuron and oxyfluorfen were sown. Then, the injury was evaluated at 7, 14, and 21 days after emergence (DAE) to find the half-life of the herbicide residue level (RL50) and the dose of herbicide that provides a 50% reduction in dry matter (GR50). In the soil with oxyfluorfen application, the RL50 at 21 DAE was 59, 57, and 51 days and GR50 was 49, 47, and 31 days for Ultisol, Oxisol, and Inceptisol, respectively. Soils with linuron application had RL50 of 75, 92, and 149 days and GR50 of 52, 48, and 120 days for Ultisol, Oxisol, and Inceptisol, respectively. The higher organic matter and clay content of Ultisol compared to Oxisol and Inceptisol resulted in a lower residual effect of linuron. There was little difference between soil type and the residual effect of oxyfluorfen, which may be related to the physicochemical characteristics of the molecule.

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which triggered the ongoing pandemic, was first discovered in China in late 2019. SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that often manifests as a pneumonic syndrome. In the context of the pandemic, there are mixed views on the data provided by epidemiologists and the information collected by hospital clinicians about their patients. In addition, the literature reports a large proportion of patients free of pneumonia vs a small percentage of patients with severe pneumonia among confirmed COVID-19 cases. This raises the issue of the complexity of the work required to control or contain the pandemic. We believe that an integrative and pluralistic approach will help to put the analyses into perspective and reinforce collaboration and creativity in the fight against this major scourge. This paper proposes a comprehensive and integrative approach to COVID-19 research, prevention, control, and treatment to better address the pandemic. Thus, this literature review applies a pluralistic approach to fight the pandemic.

The world financial crisis began in the USA in 2007 due to the social irresponsibility of banks and other actors of financial market. In 2008, it outgrew in a world economic crisis. For many countries, including some EU countries, the crisis also proceeds in 2020, sharply enhancing the instability of the external management systems of companies and the competition. With December 2019 the pandemic of COVID-19 has begun, that substantially strengthened the negative consequences of the global economic crisis in countries. The article is aimed at a further development of the author’s own conception regarding the social responsibility of enterprises of all types of activity and all forms of ownership in the modern circumstances. It is expressed in providing of comfort, safe terms of labor and decent payment of the staff, development of social infrastructure, in prevention of avoiding the tax payment, in providing the proper security to environment, and also in the use of the socially responsible marketing (SRM). The author’s own approaches to the estimation of competitiveness of the socially irresponsible enterprises are provided. The competitiveness of products both in the short-term and in the long-term period can be erroneous, achieved due to social irresponsibility of enterprise and its marketing. For a bright illustration one can refer to the scandal around the German automotive company «Volkswagen», known as «Dieselgate». Also the criteria of efficiency of the economic system of Ukraine and other countries are substantiated. The author believes that the UNO has estimated the potential socio-economic consequences of not only pandemic of COVID-19 but also the world economic crisis that proceeds for most countries. These consequences in a great deal coincide and it is not possible to divide them.

Dramatic increases in populations of wild ungulates have brought a new ecological issue in the Qinling mountains. Information on species’ niche differentiation will contribute to a greater understanding of the mechanisms of coexistence, so as to ultimately benefit the conservation and management of ecological communities. In this study, camera trapping was used to investigate spatial and temporal activity patterns of sympatric wild ungulates in the Qinling Mountains of China, where top predators were virtually absent. We obtained 15,584 independent detections of seven wild ungulate species during 93,606 camera-trap days from April 2014 to October 2017. Results showed that (i) the capture rate differed significantly across species, with the capture rate of reeve muntjac being significantly higher than that of other species; (ii) the wild boar had a higher occupancy rates (ψ = 0.888) than other six ungulates, and distance to settlements had a negative relationship with wild boar (β = −0.24 ± 0.17); (iii) the forest musk deer and mainland serow had low spatial overlaps with other five wild ungulates, while spatial overlap indices of any two given pairs of wild ungulates were relatively high; (iv) all wild ungulates species (expect wild boar) were mainly active during crepuscular and diurnal periods, and showed bimodal activity peaks at around 05:00–07:00 and 17:00–19:00; and finally, (v) all wild ungulates showed moderate to high temporal overlaps. The results provided detailed information of the spatial and temporal ecology of wild ungulate communities in forest ecosystems of China, which also would be a guide to establish conservation priorities as well as efficient management programs.

Efficient management of energy resources is crucial in smart buildings. In this work, model predictive control (MPC) is used to minimize the economic costs of prosumers equipped with production units, energy storage systems, and electric vehicles. To this purpose, the predictive control manages the available energy resources by exploiting future information about energy prices, absorption and production power profiles, and electric vehicle (EV) usage, such as times of departure and arrival and predicted energy consumption. The predictive control is compared with a rule-based technique, herein referred to as a heuristic approach, that acts in an instant-by-instant fashion without considering any future information. The reported results show that the studied predictive approach allows one to achieve charging profiles that adapt to variable operating conditions, aiming at optimal performances in terms of economic cost minimization in time-varying price scenarios, reduction of rms current stresses, and recharging capability of EV batteries. Specifically, unlike the heuristic method, the MPC approach is proven to be capable of efficiently managing the available energy resources to ensure a full recharge of the EV battery during nighttime while always respecting all system constraints. In addition, the proposed control is shown to be capable of keeping the peak power absorption from the grid constrained within set limits, which is a valuable feature in scenarios with widespread adoption of EVs in order to limit the stress on the electrical system.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the opportunities for research on the theme evaluation of seaport performance through the investigation of a bibliographic portfolio of articles with scientific relevance. In order to reach this goal, the intervention tool used was ProKnow-C (Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist), which consists of a structured process for the generation of knowledge on a determined theme from the interests and limitations of the researcher, following a constructivist view and requiring a constant interaction between the researcher and the object of his research. The highlighted results are the identification of the main characteristics of the scientific publications about performance evaluation and the proposition of opportunities for research to researchers and seaport manager from the theoretical affiliation adopted for the theme performance evaluation. It was concluded that: (i) most researches about performance evaluation, aim at measuring the operational efficiency of seaports; (ii) the evaluation criteria do not contemplate and evaluate the performance of all the agents that play a role in the seaport environment; and (iii) the evaluation tools used do not show evidence as where and how to intervene to improve the performance measured. Thus, challenges emerge for researchers and also for seaport managers. Key words: Seaport management, evaluation of seaport performance, systemic analysis, opportunities for research, ProKnow-C (Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist).

The article describes the mainstream of municipal economy crisis management, tactical activities in order to reconcile a disputes on the use of municipal property, arising between economic entities. The characteristics of existing municipal economy models are represented. The concrete methods of new principals of municipal property management are defined.

This paper is about the principles of proper governance codes, which even tough have blossomed in all parts of the world for more than a decade, the degree in which companies adopt the codes vary in different countries, and the decision to adopt a certain code does not automatically guarranty efficient corporate governance. The paper trys to identify the mechanisms needed for implementing the codes and that will lead to higher efficiency.

The basic objective pursued in this paper is to analyze some of the advertising pieces that before the 2010-2011 academic years have used the Faculties of Spanish Communication on the Internet to promote their academic offerings. After locate and visit their websites, the purpose of study focuses on the messages of a commercial content - more or less obvious - that each institution is advertised. In other words, we observe are released to subsequently consider find their homepages.The results offered are directly related to parameters and metrics applied in the network, so as to determine the efficient management of their image and identity in the electronic universe. Be highlighted in most of these two common aspects such as: the fragmentation of its structure and corporatism which compresses most of its content. To the extent that more than functional, is proving just functionary.Beyond the statistics or the numbers and percentages included in the appropriate tables, the global positioning of the FCE can be defined with a phrase: “have traveled half a correct path, but still have the other half go towards optimal internet presence”. This is the panorama that visitors are following the seductive advertising proposals that have been referred to previously. El objetivo básico que se persigue en este trabajo es analizar algunas de las piezas publicitarias que, antes de comenzar el curso 2010-2011, han utilizado las Facultades de Comunicación Españolas (FCE) para promocionar en internet sus ofertas académicas. Después de localizarlas y visitar sus páginas web, el objeto de estudio se centra en los mensajes de un contenido comercial – más o menos evidente – que cada Institución publicita. En otras palabras, se observa cómo se dan a conocer para, posteriormente, examinar sus páginas principales.Los resultados que se ofrecen están en relación directa con parámetros y métricas aplicadas en la red, de tal forma que pueda determinarse la gestión eficiente de su imagen e identidad en este universo electrónico. Caben destacarse en la mayoría de ellas dos aspectos comunes como son: la fragmentación de su estructura y el corporativismo que comprime la mayor parte de su contenido. Hasta el punto que más que funcionales, acaban resultando funcionariales.Más allá de datos estadísticos o de las cifras y porcentajes que se incluyen en las oportunas tablas, el posicionamiento global de las FCE puede definirse con una frase: “han recorrido la mitad de una trayectoria correcta, pero aún les queda por recorrer esa otra mitad hacia una presencia óptima en internet”. Este es el panorama que se encuentran los visitantes tras las seductoras propuestas publicitarias que han contemplado previamente.

El objetivo básico que se persigue en este trabajo es analizar algunas de las piezas publicitarias que, antes de comenzar el curso 2010-2011, han utilizado las Facultades de Comunicación Españolas (FCE) para promocionar en internet sus ofertas académicas. Después de localizarlas y visitar sus páginas web, el objeto de estudio se centra en los mensajes de un contenido comercial – más o menos evidente – que cada Institución publicita. En otras palabras, se observa cómo se dan a conocer para, posteriormente, examinar sus páginas principales.Los resultados que se ofrecen están en relación directa con parámetros y métricas aplicadas en la red, de tal forma que pueda determinarse la gestión eficiente de su imagen e identidad en este universo electrónico. Caben destacarse en la mayoría de ellas dos aspectos comunes como son: la fragmentación de su estructura y el corporativismo que comprime la mayor parte de su contenido. Hasta el punto que más que funcionales, acaban resultando funcionariales.Más allá de datos estadísticos o de las cifras y porcentajes que se incluyen en las oportunas tablas, el posicionamiento global de las FCE puede definirse con una frase: “han recorrido la mitad de una trayectoria correcta, pero aún les queda por recorrer esa otra mitad hacia una presencia óptima en internet”. Este es el panorama que se encuentran los visitantes tras las seductoras propuestas publicitarias que han contemplado previamente. The basic objective pursued in this paper is to analyze some of the advertising pieces that before the 2010-2011 academic years have used the Faculties of Spanish Communication on the Internet to promote their academic offerings. After locate and visit their websites, the purpose of study focuses on the messages of a commercial content - more or less obvious - that each institution is advertised. In other words, we observe are released to subsequently consider find their homepages.The results offered are directly related to parameters and metrics applied in the network, so as to determine the efficient management of their image and identity in the electronic universe. Be highlighted in most of these two common aspects such as: the fragmentation of its structure and corporatism which compresses most of its content. To the extent that more than functional, is proving just functionary.Beyond the statistics or the numbers and percentages included in the appropriate tables, the global positioning of the FCE can be defined with a phrase: “have traveled half a correct path, but still have the other half go towards optimal internet presence”. This is the panorama that visitors are following the seductive advertising proposals that have been referred to previously.

Despite the increasing number of protected areas around the world and their importance in the conservation of species and ecosystems, protected areas management capacity remains difficult to evaluate. A standard is needed to help policy makers compare the goals with the results obtained. This empirical research builds a tool to analyze the management efficiency and predicts the new touristic outcomes in case of a policy change. Using as example the state parks agencies in the USA, this paper develops a technological frontier using data envelopment analysis based on the Protected Areas Management Approach. After that, a prediction of the outcomes is analyzed with a budget change for any state park agency. Data suggest that many of them need to improve their performance to be more efficient. Another result obtained shows how budget changes will affect each agency's performance in different degrees and, therefore, budget reductions should be modeled separately.