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المستخلص ‫تُعَدّ الرسالة التشفّعيّة نمطًا نثريًّا مؤهّلًا لتوليد الأمل واختبار فاعليّته، وإن لم يكن ظاهرًا فيها، وذلك لدوره البارز في استثارة الحسّ العاطفيّ لكلّ أطراف العمليّة التواصليّة وفي مقدّمتهم المشفوع إليه. يحاول هذا المقال تقصّي مختلف العوامل المسهمة في توليد الأمل في الرسالة التشفّعيّة، بما في ذلك الحجج التي تحمل قيمةً عاطفيّة تناسب المقام، وتركّز على استمالة المتلقّي بمختلف الطرق. ويلفت الانتباه إلى ما أملَتْه ظروف الحياة الخاصّة بالعاملين في فلك السلطة، وهو ما جعل وظائف الرسالة التشفّعيّة نفعيّة وعمليّة بما هي مكاتبات تُرسَل إلى كبار الشخصيّات كالخلفاء والرؤساء والأمراء والوزراء من أجل استعطافهم واستدرار شفقتهم للمشفوع له. وتبدو الرسالة التشفّعيّة بمثابة خيط الأمل الرفيع الذي يتشبّث به كلّ طرف، وتُتيح دراسة نموذجٍ لأبي إسحاق الصابي الوقوف على ذلك، لعنايته بتفاصيل الرسالة عناية خاصّة على مستوى اختيار الألفاظ وصوغ المعاني، وخاصّة صِيَغ الدعاء. فبيّنت أنّ إمكانات التوقّع في هذه الرسائل تكون مرتبطة أشدّ الارتباط بالأمل، أملِ قبول الشفاعة والإذعان للطلب الذي تكفّلت به الرسالة.‬

Objetivos: presentar un caso de necrosis uterina tras técnica de sutura hemostática por hemorragia posparto y hacer una revisión de la literatura para determinar la técnica de sutura utilizada, los hallazgos clínicos, la técnica diagnóstica y el tratamiento realizado en los casos clínicos descritos. Materiales y métodos: se presenta el caso de una mujer de 34 años que consultó por dolor abdominal al octavo día tras cesárea por placenta previa, que precisó sutura de B-Lynch por atonía uterina y cuyo diagnóstico fue necrosis uterina. La paciente requirió histerectomía abdominal total, con evolución satisfactoria. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos Medline vía Pubmed, Embase y Web of Science. Se buscaron series y reportes de casos y cohortes de mujeres con necrosis uterina posterior al uso de suturas de compresión uterina para control de hemorragia posparto. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas y clínicas al diagnóstico, técnica de sutura, pruebas diagnósticas y tratamiento. Resultados: se incluyeron 23 estudios con 24 pacientes. El 83 % de las necrosis ocurrieron tras cesárea. La técnica más utilizada fue B-Lynch (66 %), seguida de Cho (25 %). Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron fiebre y dolor abdominal. La prueba diagnóstica más utilizada fue la tomografía computarizada (9 de 24 casos). En la mayoría de casos se realizó histerectomía (75 %). Conclusiones: la necrosis de la pared uterina es una complicación infrecuente pero grave. Sería recomendable el diseño de cohortes de seguimiento de mujeres sometidas a estos procedimientos para determinar la incidencia de complicaciones asociadas.

PurposeWithin the framework of the valorization of natural resources, a characterization of the biochemical composition of the edible parts of Adansonia Digitata is applied. The antibacterial effect against bacteria is also realized and compared to some synthetic antibiotics.Design/methodology/approachThe biochemical characterization is carried out according to the norms of the French Association of Normalization, methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC International) and gas chromatography (GC). The antibacterial activity is tested by disk diffusion on a solid medium. Parametric tests are used to compare the differences between groups and heat maps to show the expression of the mean inhibitions according to the studied parameters. Multivariate logistic modeling is applied to study the effect of extracts and antibiotics on bacteria.FindingsBiochemical characterization showed a variable importance of proteins, fibers and total sugars, with the presence of highly desired fatty acids such as palmitic, oleic, stearic, linoleic and a-linolenic acids. This gives the tested parts important energy values, especially in the seeds very rich in fatty acids. Methanol proved to be a better extraction solvent than dichloromethane. Antibacterial activity showed that pulp and leaves extracted with methanol had quite similar inhibitory activities against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC29212 and that this effect was better than some antibiotics. Multivariate analysis showed that the leaves had a similar effect to antibiotics, and a significant effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213.Originality/valueThis important activity and the attractive nutritional value of this plant could justify its extensive use in the traditional pharmacopoeia.

The study of the Western consumption of the female captive remains central to the circulation of cultural and social constructions in the mainstream visual and literary texts. Due to the massive upsurge of such constructs, the hermeneutic study of the existing images about captivity in the East has stipulated new perspectives into the production of these substantial messages that determine genuine challenges to the preexisting canonical view of cultural representations. As many scholars have advanced critics about the female images in many narratives, Western cinema has shown significant portraits of the female which draws an orientalist design of a discursive discourse, introducing extreme exoticness of both pleasures and destruction. With the promise to deconstruct the captive portraits of the female identity, this paper discusses the circulation of such images, explaining why they exist, offering some solutions, as well as offering an analysis of their possible impact on the public. Given the damaging misperceptions that exist as a result of their circulation and consumption, this paper fills a much-needed research gap by asking the following research questions. How does the circulation of these images reproduce issues of femininity and captivity? How do visuals reinvent the literary tradition to depict the female captive in the orientalist discourse? By answering these questions, the paper attempts to examine the issue of representation by adopting a cultural studies approach, relying specifically on qualitative content analysis to reveal alternative possibilities of some of the Western perceptions. The rationale behind this approach lies in the fact that cultural studies bash to study all aspects of cultures without canonizing some artifacts at the expense of others.

When a radiotracer is injected into a patient's body as part of a nuclear medicine investigation, the entire body is exposed to the ionizing radiation emitted, which can cause biological damage. Therefore, it is important to predict the internal radiation dose to properly balance the advantages of radiological examinations. Currently, various Monte Carlo tools, such as MCNP, Geant4, and GATE, are available to estimate internal radiation dosimetry-related quantities, such as S values (S) and specific absorbed fractions (SAF). Such codes make physics easier for physicists who are experienced with computer programming; however, programming and/or simulation inputs remain a time-consuming and intensive task. In this study, we present a newly developed Geant4-based code for internal dosimetry calculations, namely "DoseCalcs". To assess the performance of the geometrical methods and computational capabilities of our developed tool, we used the GDML, TEXT, STL, and C++ methods to model the ORNL adult phantom, and a voxel-based structure to construct the ICRP adult male. SAFs in the ORNL and ICRP adult male phantoms for eight discrete mono-energetic photons with energies ranging from 0.01 to 2 MeV are calculated with DoseCalcs and compared to ORNL and OpenDose reference data. The two phantoms showed good agreement with both references, which indicates the accuracy of DoseCalcs for subsequent use in estimating internal dosimetry quantities using a variety of geometrical methods.

This work is devoted to the study of the emitting properties of azimuthally inhomogeneous segmental dielectric resonators excited by whispering gallery modes. Due to the diffraction of the azimuthal waves on local nonhomogeneities located equidistantly along the azimuthal coordinate, intense electromagnetic radiation is achieved in the azimuthal sector of the angles 0°-360°. A prototype of an all-around emitting antenna based on basis of a segmental dielectric resonator is proposed, and its characteristics in the far zone are studied. It is shown that such an antenna forms a multilobe radiation pattern (72 lobes) in the circle sector of angles. The antenna gain in the lobes at the resonant frequency reaches 12 dB. Antenna optimization is achieved in the proposed method because of the large gain produced by the antenna. It is also analyzed that these types of radiation patterns observed by antennas are well used for the Internet of Things- (IoT-) based applications.

Admixtures between wild animals and plants and their domesticated relatives are widely documented. This can have positive or negative impacts on the evolution of admixed populations in natural environments, yet the phenomenon is still misunderstood in long-lived woody species, contrary to short-lived crops. Wild oliveOlea europaeaL. occurs in the same eco-geographical range as domesticated olive, i.e. the Mediterranean Basin (MB). Moreover, it is an allogamous and anemophilous species whose seeds are disseminated by birds, i.e. factors that drive gene flow between crops and their wild relatives. Here we investigated the genetic structure of western MB wild olive populations in natural environments assuming a homogenous gene pool with limited impact of cultivated alleles, as previously suggested. We used a target sequencing method based on annotated genes from the Farga reference genome to analyze 27 western MB olive tree populations sampled in natural environments in France, Spain and Morocco. We also target sequenced cultivated olive tree accessions from the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Marrakech and Porquerolles and from an eastern MB wild olive tree population. We combined PCA, sNMF, pairwise Fst and TreeMix and clearly identified genuine wild olive trees throughout their natural distribution range along a north-south gradient including, for the first time, in southern France. However, contrary to our assumption, we highlighted more admixed than genuine wild olive trees. Our results raise questions regarding the admixed population evolution pattern in this environment, which might be facilitated by crop-to-wild gene flow.

The rapid development of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) technology has resulted in various advances in the smart healthcare field; it improves healthcare systems to offer more complicated real-time services and provides an efficient patient motioning system. However, despite the brilliant side of IoMT, several concerns continue to undercut its adoption. In fact, collecting, transmitting, storing, and using data in IoMT applications raises issues regarding privacy and data protection, especially with the multitude of stakeholders involved during the whole data life cycle. Motivated from these facts, this article is devoted to perform a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of privacy-preserving solutions used in the smart healthcare ecosystem. The recent research papers disseminated between 2017 and 2021 are selected from multiple databases and a standardized SLR method is conducted. A total of 100 papers were reviewed and a critical analysis was conducted on the selected papers. Moreover, this review study attempts to highlight the limitation of the current approaches and aims to find possible solutions to them. Thus, a detailed analysis was carried out on the selected papers in terms of the privacy techniques they deployed, the data life cycle phase they addressed, the stakeholders needs they met, and the privacy principles they covered according to privacy laws and regulations. Finally, we summarize our results showing privacy-preserving trends and identifying recommendations to involve privacy principles coverage in smart healthcare applications.

In this paper, we report a new design of a multifunction RFID tag antenna operating in the European band (665-868.5MHz) and the North American band (902-928 MHz) separately. The multifunction behavior can be achieved by changing the position of the RFID chip. It is found that at each feeding position, the RFID tag antenna can operate separately on both bands. The characteristics of the proposed design including S-parameters, impedance and reading range pattern have been investigated using simulation software CST Microwave Studio and experimental results. Further insight into the mechanism radiation is sought through the investigation of the current density and the equivalent circuit model. The tolerance of this design on various background materials is also investigated experimentally. The measured and simulated results show good agreement, providing a simple and low-cost design.

Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) G. Manetti ex Carrière) is an endemic species in the mountains of North Africa that is attracting international interest in its use in the reforestation of degraded ecosystems. This study aims to investigate and evaluate the morphoanatomical characteristics of needles of four cedar populations localized in the Middle and High Atlas Mountains. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), descriptive power, scatter-plot of the discrimination function, scatter-plot of discrimination, and dendrogram of the closest Euclidean distances were made on traits. The results of the linear model of ANOVA nested as population and tree within population suggest the differences statistically significant for the traits measured at a different level. Among these traits, the length of the needle, the width of a vascular bundle including endodermis, and thickness of the wall of hypodermis cell revealed the highest discriminating characters among populations of C. atlantica from the Middle and High Atlas and between the populations of the Middle Atlas. The agglomeration of populations over short Euclidean distances also showed a higher level of differentiation between two ecotypes of C. atlantica not very geographically distant in the Atlas Mountains of Morocco. The ecotype belonging to Aït Oufella and Aït Ayach confers this species a place of choice in the projects of revalorization of the Mediterranean populations, especially in semiarid areas.

In this paper we define and investigate the decomposition of a Hilbert space operator T in the form T = K+Q where K is a compact and the approximate points spectrum (or the surjectivity spectrum) of Q is identical to the set of all accumulation point of the approximate point spectrum ( or the surjectivity spectrum) of T. Also, we provide the relation between operators having these decomposition and left (or right) Stampfli operators.

PurposeThe practice of consanguinity has been culturally preferred in most Arab countries, including Morocco. This behavior leads to an increase in genetic abnormalities, such as hypertension and diabetes. This paper examines the prevalence and determinants of first-cousin marriages and their impact on diabetes among offspring.Design/methodology/approachData on 882 couples were collected through face-to-face interview via a pre-established questionnaire based on the variables selected within the objectives of this study. The authors used the multiple logistic regression modeling procedure in this study.FindingsThe results of the study indicate that the prevalence of first-cousin marriages were 15% among students’ parents. From the multiple logistic regression modeling, the authors found a significant effect of paternal and maternal grandparents’ first-cousins marriage on that of parents (aOR = 3.27 and aOR = 3.36, respectively). However, an 11-fold higher risk of first relative marriages among parents once the paternal and maternal grandparents were first-cousins and the father was illiterate (aOR = 11.01). Moreover, the authors reported a diabetes risk of more than 14 times when the effects of first-cousin maternal grandparents and parents and the hypertension among mother or her sibling were combined (aOR = 14.48) or when the effects of first-cousins maternal grandparents, first-cousin parents and mother’s age at marriage between 21 and 29 years were combined (aOR = 14.56).Originality/valueFirst-cousin marriage depends on the father’s illiteracy and the consanguinity of grandparents’ factors. The cumulative effect of first-cousin marriage among grandparents, parents and a family history of hypertension among mother or her sibling increase the risk of diabetes among these mothers.

In this research, we suggested a novel beamforming antenna array for RF energy recovery applications that incorporates pattern and polarization diversity. Experiments are used to validate the proposed structure’s performance once it has been modelled and optimized. This suggested structure provides an impedance bandwidth of 5.5 to 6 GHz, according to calculated measurements. The antenna system can create four circular polarization diversity beams at ± 15 and ± 45 by switching the input port; two of them have left-hand circular polarization and the other two have right-hand circular polarization. Furthermore, radiation patterns with low cross-polarization, excellent axial ratio around the center frequency, and low envelope correlation coefficient are achieved across the working spec-trum. Energy recovery applications have recorded gains of 5.3 and 6.6 dBi. The design and all circuits ‘simulation as well as the 5.8 GHz antenna array are carried out using ADS and CST software. All transmission line; widths and lengths; (50Ω characteristic impedance) are calculat-ed and optimized respectively using the LineCalc tool and the Tuning function.

InterDosi is a new in-house Monte Carlo code that aims at facilitating the use of the Geant4 toolkit for internal dosimetry using voxel-based phantoms. In the present work the dosimetric capabilities of this code are assessed by calculating self-irradiation specific absorbed fractions (SI-SAFs) in a voxel-based crab phantom. Recent standard human organ compositions and densities taken from ICRP Publication 110 have been used for material specifications of the four organs of a crab, namely, the heart, hepatopancreas, gills, and gonads, whereas the material assigned to the crab shell has been modeled based on literature values. The SI-SAFs were calculated for mono-energetic photons of energies between 10 and 4000 keV, and for mono-energetic electrons of energies between 100 and 4000 keV. The statistical errors corresponding to the calculated SI-SAFs were all less than 0.01%. The results obtained demonstrate that the simulated masses and volumes of the crab organs are in good agreement with those presented in the literature. In addition, the dosimetric results show that the calculated SI-SAFs are generally consistent with those reported in the literature, with some moderate differences due to differences in material specification. It is concluded that the InterDosi code can be successfully employed in internal dose estimations in small organisms, and it is suggested that material specifications specifically relating to crab tissues should be developed to provide more precise SI-SAFs.

Résumé Le développement régional au Maroc est un grand chantier ouvert depuis l’indépendance de notre pays. L’objectif principal était toujours d’essayer de réduire les inégalités en termes de développement entre les régions marocaines et d’améliorer la qualité de vie de la population locale. Plusieurs organisations territoriales, interventions et programmes ont été instaurés, mais ils n’ont pas pu atteindre les résultats attendus. Cet article propose de traiter la problématique de la dynamique territoriale transposé au cas des régions marocaines notamment en termes de «croissance économique » à travers une modélisation en données de panel pendant la période 2014-2020. Le choix de cette période est dicté par le contexte relatif à la mise en place du modèle de développement régional, instauré effectivement à partir de 2015 à la lumière d’une réorganisation territoriale, la mise en place d’un nouveau découpage administratif, et l’entrée en vigueur de la loi organique 111.14 relative aux régions. L’étude a pour objectif central d’identifier les facteurs clefs qui peuvent expliquer la croissance des 12 régions marocaines pendant cette période à travers un choix de variables macro-économiques à caractère économique et social. Pour l’enchainement méthodologique du présent article, il y’a lieu dans un premier temps de mettre la lumière sur le cadre contextuel relatif au développement des régions au Maroc et la question des disparités territoriales, situer par la suite la problématique dans son cadre théorique et empirique. Il convient dès lors de présenter le modèle du modèle et son application pour aboutir à une discussion des résultats. Mots-clés: Développement territorial, régionalisation avancée, disparités régionales, croissance régionale, données de Panel. Abstract The regional development strategy in Morocco is a major undertaking opened since the country’s independence. The main objective has always been to try to reduce inequalities in terms of development between the Moroccan regions and to improve the quality of life of the local population. Several territorial organizations, interventions and programs have been established, but they have not been able to achieve the expected results. This article proposes to focus on the issue of territorial dynamics transposed to the case of Moroccan regions, particularly in terms of "economic growth" through panel data modeling during the period 2014-2020. The choice of this period is dictated by the context relating to the implementation of the regional development model, effectively introduced from 2015 in the light of a territorial reorganization. The main objective of the study is to identify the key factors that can explain the growth of the 12 Moroccan regions during this period through a choice of macroeconomic variables of an economic and social nature. Keywords: Territorial development, advanced regionalization, regional disparity, regional growth, Panel data.

The AKT-mTOR pathway is a central regulator of cell growth and metabolism. Upon sustained mTOR activity, AKT activity is attenuated by a feedback loop that restrains upstream signaling. However, how cells control the signals that limit AKT activity is not fully understood. Here, we show that MASTL/Greatwall, a cell cycle kinase that supports mitosis by phosphorylating the PP2A/B55 inhibitors ENSA/ARPP19, inhibits PI3K-AKT activity by sustaining mTORC1- and S6K1-dependent phosphorylation of IRS1 and GRB10. Genetic depletion of MASTL results in an inefficient feedback loop and AKT hyperactivity. These defects are rescued by the expression of phosphomimetic ENSA/ARPP19 or inhibition of PP2A/B55 phosphatases. MASTL is directly phosphorylated by mTORC1, thereby limiting the PP2A/B55-dependent dephosphorylation of IRS1 and GRB10 downstream of mTORC1. Downregulation of MASTL results in increased glucose uptake in vitro and increased glucose tolerance in adult mice, suggesting the relevance of the MASTL-PP2A/B55 kinase-phosphatase module in controlling AKT and maintaining metabolic homeostasis.

Delineating chilling and forcing periods is one of the challenging topics in understanding how temperatures drive the timing of budburst and bloom in fruit tree species. Here, we investigated this question on olive trees, using flowering data collected over six years on 331 cultivars in the worldwide collection of Marrakech, Morocco. Using a Partial Least Squares approach on a long-term phenology (29 years) of ‘Picholine Marocaine’ cultivar, we showed that the relevance of delineating the chilling and forcing periods depends more on the variability of inter-annual temperatures than on the long-term datasets. In fact, chilling and forcing periods are similar between those delineated by using datasets of 29 years and those of only 6 years (2014–2019). We demonstrated that the variability of inter-annual temperatures is the main factor explaining this pattern. We then used the datasets of six years to assess the chill and heat requirements of 285 cultivars. We classified Mediterranean olive cultivars into four groups according to their chill requirements. Our results, using the Kriging interpolation method, indicated that flowering dates of most of these cultivars (92%) were governed by both chilling and forcing temperatures. Our investigations provided first insights to select adapted cultivars to global warming.

In this paper, a transparent parasitic slot antenna is proposed for 1U and 2U CubeSats. The proposed antenna is low profile and present physical size suitable for all CubeSat configurations. Moreover, the proposed study introduces a tradeoff between two electromagnetic/ Satellite aims. The first one is about space for the CubeSat solar panels, which is preferred to be wide for producing the maximum energy possible. The second is about the use of CubeSat top face for increasing the antenna peak gain at X-band. The proposed parasitic slot antenna is designed and optimized using ANSYS HFSS and Quasi Newtonian method. The obtained results show that the antenna gain is increased by about 7.0 dBi and 8.0 dBi for both 1U and 2U CubeSats, respectively. In addition to that, the proposed antenna gives large impedance bandwidth of about 600 MHz at X-Band. In general, the constructed transparent slot antenna with parasitic elements mounted on both 1U / 2U CubeSat box presents high antenna performances that make it very candidate for unlimited lifetime CubeSat Communication.

In this study we aimed at comparing various radionuclides ordinarily used in targeted prostate cancer therapy, thereby evaluating S-Factor parameter in the prostate organs as well as in its surrounding healthy tissues, namely the urinary bladder and rectum. InterDosi code version 1.1 was used to estimate S-Factor values in Zubal voxelized phantom for 11 radionuclides, namely

novel structure of low phase noise and high output power monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) oscillator is presented in order to use it in 5G applications. The oscillator is based on the ED02AH process which allows us to design a microwave oscillator keeping a minimum size which is impossible to have it using other technologies since microwave oscillators are sensitive components above 20 GHz. The oscillator is studied, designed, and optimized on a GaAs substrate from the OMMIC foundry using the advanced design system (ADS) simulator in order to obtain a miniaturized oscillator (1.1×1.3 mm2) generating two signals of different frequencies fo1=26 GHz and fo2=30 GHz. The objective is to design an oscillator with high output power and low phase noise while respecting its specifications. The optimization of the proposed microwave oscillator shows satisfying results. Indeed, at 26 GHz and 30 GHz, the output powers are respectively 13.33 dBm and 14.89 dBm. The oscillator produces a sinusoidal signal of 1.5 V and 1.75 V amplitude respectively at 26 GHz and 30 GHz. The oscillator phase noise at fo1 and fo2 resonance frequencies using the liquid crystal (LC) resonator shows respectively -109 dBc/Hz and -110 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset.

Olive leaf spot (OLS), also called olive scab and peacock eye, caused by Fusicladium oleagineum, is a major disease that causes significant damage to olive trees. However, we still lack information about how cultivar and environmental factors influence disease development. In this study, evaluation of the incidence and severity on twenty olive cultivars (Olea europaea L.), maintained in an ex situ collection in Morocco, was carried out monthly during the period from March to July 2021. Biochemical parameters were also evaluated for each cultivar including leaf chlorophyll, polyphenols and flavonoid contents. Results revealed that the OLS incidence was highly correlated with severity (r = 0.94) and found to be related to climatic conditions and cultivars. The studied cultivars were classified into four major groups, i.e., susceptible, moderately susceptible, moderately resistant and resistant. Finally, our investigations revealed a partial relationship between resistance to the OLS disease and phenolic and flavonoid leaf contents, supporting the assumption of the potential involvement of such components in cultivar resistance to the disease. Overall, our work highlights the importance of characterizing olive cultivar resistance to OLS in driving the choice of the best varieties for an effective control of the disease in specific warming regions such as Morocco.

Recent debates about the bachelor in Morocco show that teaching learners to maintain positive attitudes and take over responsibilities for social and political processes is an essential educational asset of soft skills, mainly for schools that adopt project-based instructions. To engage students in this newest reform, significant preconditions of democratic school culture are set as effective outcomes to generate ethical behaviors. Today, social and political issues tend to provide meaningful opportunities to engage students in proper activities, specifically by using project-based learning. This paper aims at examining important venues that Moroccan school leaders, along with the bachelor outcomes, wish to implement to foster democratic participation within and outside school life by adopting project-based learning. It questions the challenges and perspectives of this implementation along with the progress of Moroccan educational institutions. Hence, the paper adheres to a meta-analysis technique, whereby a unique examination of the various already conducted studies came out with conclusions: perspectives and challenges. The typical meta-analysis method disengages readings of various scholarly academic sources related to school effectiveness concerning the implementation of project-based instruction, specifically after a long journey of debates about the bachelor. Because of its descriptive nature, this method allows the researcher to explore the wide-range of pitfalls that provide potential opportunities for alternative conclusions which are adopted in restructured and well-run approaches. The significant results and conclusions drawn from this paper are profoundly and qualitatively discussed and analyzed.