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3 Figuras.-- 2 Tablas, El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la valorización del extrusionado de frambuesa residual generado en la industria agroalimentaria de frutos rojos en la zona de Huelva (Andalucía). Para ello, se aplicaron diferentes tratamientos mecánicos, con los que se pretendió estudiar el grado de rotura de los aquenios, que componen aproximadamente el 95 % de este residuo, y con ello, liberar y posteriormente extraer compuestos de alto valor añadido. Estos tratamientos fueron: tratamiento con molino de bolas (TMB); tratamiento con molino de martillo (TMM); tratamiento con molino de cuchillas (TMC); tratamiento con mortero (TMO); la combinación de los tratamientos con molino de cuchillas + mortero (TCM) y un tratamiento control con el extrusionado de frambuesa residual sin moler (EFR). También, los materiales de los tratamientos EFR, TMB, TMM y TMC (sin extracción previa de compuestos de alto valor añadido) se valorizaron mediante digestión anaeróbica a través de la prueba de BMP (Biochemical Methane Potential) para estudiar la biodegradabilidad de este residuo. El tratamiento mecánico produjo la rotura de la estructura de los aquenios, y con ello, la reducción del tamaño de las partículas, especialmente con los tratamientos TMC y TCM. Entre los compuestos de alto valor añadido extraídos los más importantes fueron las antocianinas y el ácido elágico, debido a su efecto positivo en la salud humana. La extracción de ácido elágico libre fue mayor en los materiales de los trata mientos TMC y TCM, aumentándose en un 32% la extracción de este compuesto en comparación con el extrusionado de frambuesa residual sin tratar (EFR). Sin embargo, el contenido de las antocianinas fue mayor en el EFR, debido a que su extracción disminuyó con el aumento del número de partículas. Finalmente, la digestión anaerobia de los materiales de los tratamientos EFR, TMB, TMM y TMC condujo a una producción de metano entre 18 y 236 mL CH4/g SV, consiguiéndose una mejora del 1.211% de producción de metano con TMC respecto al EFR., The objective of this work was to study the valorisation of the residual raspberry extrudate from the berry agri-food industry in the area of Huelva (Andalusia). For this, different mechanical treatments were applied to study the degree of breakage of the achenes, which compose approximately 95 % of the residual raspberry extrudate, and thus release and subsequently extract high added-value compounds. These treatments were: treatment with a ball mill (TMB); treatment with a hammer mill (TMM); treatment with a blade mill (TMC); treatment with a mortar (TMO); treatment with the combination of blade mill + mortar (TCM) and a control treatment with the residual raspberry extrudate without grinding (EFR). Also, the materials from EFR, TMB, TMM and TMC trea tments (without previous extraction of high added-value compounds) were valorised by anaerobic digestion through the BMP test (Biochemical Methane Potential) to study the biodegradability of this waste. The mechanical treatment produced the rupture of the achene structure and consequently the reduction of the particle size, especially with TMC and TCM treatments. Among the high added-value compounds extracted, the most important were anthocyanins and ellagic acid, due to their positive effect on suman health. The extraction of free ellagic acid was higher in the materials of the TMC and TCM treatments, increasing the extraction of this compound with these treatments in a 32% compared to the residual raspberry extrudate without grinding (EFR). However, the content of anthocyanins was higher in the EFR, because their extraction decreased with the increase in the number of particles. Finally, the anaerobic digestion of the materials from EFR, TMB, TMM and TMC treatments led to a methane production between 18 and 236 mL CH4/ g VS, achieving a 1,211% improvement in methane production with TMC compared to the EFR., Esta investigación fue financiada por el Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad de España para financiar esta investigación a través del proyecto CTM2017-83870-R.

238 Páginas, The use of trace elements to promote biogas production features prominently on the agenda for many biogas-producing companies. However, the application of the technique is often characterized by trial-and-error methodology due to the ambiguous and scarce basic knowledge on the impact of trace elements in anaerobic biotechnologies under different process conditions. This book describes and defines the broad landscape in the research area of trace elements in anaerobic biotechnologies, from the level of advanced chemistry and single microbial cells, through to engineering and bioreactor technology and to the fate of trace elements in the environment. The book results from the EU COST Action on ‘The ecological roles of trace metals in anaerobic biotechnologies’. Trace elements in anaerobic biotechnologies is a critical, exceptionally complex and technical challenge. The challenging chemistry underpinning the availability of trace elements for biological uptake is very poorly understood, despite the importance of trace elements for successful anaerobic operations across the bioeconomy. This book discusses and places a common understanding of this challenge, with a strong focus on technological tools and solutions. The group of contributors brings together chemists with engineers, biologists, environmental scientists and mathematical modellers, as well as industry representatives, to show an up-to-date vision of the fate of trace elements on anaerobic biotechnologies., Supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology)

Se presentan en forma sintética los aspectos teóricos involucrados en el tratamiento de aguas residuales urbanas, potables, industriales y lodos, seguido de aplicaciones de estos conceptos. Este libro ha sido realizado con la colaboración de los miembros de la Mesa Española de Tratamiento de Aguas. En particular, este es un libro de Problemas Resueltos, de 357 problemas que cubren la mayoría de los posibles cálculos que se puedan requerir en el diseño y operación de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas.

3 Páginas.-- 1 Fgura.-- 1 Fotografía

Inadequate sanitation and poor infrastructure for waterborne sanitation are common in many developing countries. The anaerobic/aerobic baffled reactor (AABR) is a sustainable option for water sanitation in developing countries. In the present study, a 2.50 m AABR reactor working with real municipal wastewater was monitored. Four sequenced chambers, the first three being anaerobic and the fourth aerobic composed the AABR reactor. AABR efficiency and performance were examined during four different periods. Organic and hydraulic load increases were adequately absorbed, provoking no instability in the system and demonstrating good configuration for absorbing organic impacts. The AABR had a promising effect on COD removal, which led removal values of total COD up to 74%, and total suspended solid (TSS) removal up to 79%. Regardless of the value on entering, the pH from the reactor effluent remained close to 7 during the four periods, indicating good stability in the reactor.

IMAB17 aims to provide a unique multidisciplinary platform for discussion of state-of-the-artresearch related to the role of trace metals (TMs) in anaerobic bioprocesses, with special focus on how to manage and recover them.Anaerobic digesters, soil reclamation processes or bioprocesses in the food industry among others are clear examples of anaerobic bioprocesses, where addition of TM is often done. A challenging area remains largely unchartered with respect to understanding the role of trace metals (TMs) in enabling anaerobic bioprocesses. IMAB17 aims to create a unique platform where this major knowledge gap and scientific challenge will be presented and discussed. IMAB17 also provides an opportunity to stay on top of the latest developments in tools, approaches and methods to identify, assess and manage TMs in various areas of application, including industry, environmental management, societal needs and policy., Contiene: 1. Wellcome Address b yFernando G. Fermoso.-- 2. Committees.-- 3. IMAB17 Program.-- 4. Plenary Lecture and Keynotes.-- 5. Platform.-- 6. Short Communications.-- 7. Posters

The authors are very grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for funding this research through the project PID2020-116698RB-100. Antonio Serrano is grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities for his Juan de la Cierva-Incorporacion fellowship (IJC2019-040933-I) and to the Economic Transformation, Industry, Knowledge and Universities Department of the Andalucia Autonomous Government for his Emergia fellowship (EMERGIA20_00114). The authors are grateful to the Regional Government of Andalusia, Junta de Andalucia, Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento (Project UHU-1257728), for providing additional financial support. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUA. The authors also wish to express their gratitude to Javier Ramiro-Garcia and Ainoa Botana Samper for their assistance with this research., Strawberry extrudate (SE) is a by-product derived from the elaboration of strawberrytasted products. Adequate management of this substrate would entail a new source of benefit for the berry sector, instead of a costly waste to be treated. The aim of this work is to assess the potential use of SE as a carbon soured for volatile fatty acids (VFA) production through anaerobic fermentation at controlled pH (5, and 9) and without pH control (operational pH around 7). Anaerobic digestion at pH 7 resulted in a negligible accumulation of VFA, being mainly degraded to methane. The operation at the other pHs resulted in a marked drop in methane production and, thus, the accumulation of VFA. At pH 9, around 50% of the fed CODtot (total chemical oxygen demand) was accumulated as VFA. Acetic acid represented 61% of these total VFA. The operation at pH 5 resulted in a lower VFA accumulation, i.e. 15% fed CODtot, although the VFA profile was more complex than at pH 9. Propionic and butyric acids represented 43% and 32%, respectively, of the total VFA accumulated at pH 5., Spanish Government PID2020-116698RB-100 IJC2019-040933-I, Economic Transformation, Industry, Knowledge and Universities Department of the Andalucia Autonomous Government EMERGIA20_00114, Regional Government of Andalusia, Junta de Andalucia, Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento UHU-1257728 Universidad de Granada/CBUA