1. Caspase-Independent Pathways of Programmed Cell Death: The Unraveling of New Targets of Cancer Therapy?
- Author
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Constantinou, Constantina, Papas, Konstantinos A., Constantinou, Andreas I., and Constantinou, Andreas I. [0000-0003-0365-1821]
- Subjects
carcinoid ,chm 1 ,cell organelle ,vitamin D ,Apoptosis ,quinolone derivative ,serine proteinase ,Drug Discovery ,advanced cancer ,mitochondrion ,Programmed cell death ,Drug discovery ,leukemia ,clinical trial ,Calpain ,Cell biology ,myeloma ,Oncology ,Caspases ,calpain ,signal transduction ,protein Bax ,receptor down regulation ,Proteases ,drug design ,phenol derivative ,caspase ,2' fluoro 6,7 methylenedioxy 2 phenyl 4 quinolone ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Necrosis ,estradiol ,unindexed drug ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Humans ,cathepsin ,human ,protein Bid ,drug inhibition ,apoptosis inducing factor ,Pharmacology ,drug targeting ,rb 49 ,tumor resistance ,protein phosphorylation ,respiratory tract diseases ,drug efficacy ,herbaceous agent ,paclitaxel poliglumex ,flavopiridol ,monoclonal antibody ,molecular interaction ,n methylpiperidinyl chlorophenyl flavone ,solid tumor ,benzyloxycarbonylvalylalanylaspartyl fluoromethyl ketone ,mediator ,Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ,Cancer Research ,atiprimod ,Mitochondrion ,protein induction ,AIF ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Caspase-independent cell death ,oxidative stress ,flavone derivative ,bzl 101 ,receptor upregulation ,antineoplastic agent ,Caspase ,AIF inhibitor ,apoptosis inhibitor ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,biology ,lung non small cell cancer ,prostate cancer ,unclassified drug ,Mitochondria ,cell death ,cytotoxicity ,rb 110 ,drug potency ,Signal Transduction ,liver cell carcinoma ,animal structures ,colecalciferol ,regulatory mechanism ,chromatin condensation ,review ,antineoplastic activity ,tumor cell ,Models, Biological ,breast cancer ,azaspirane ,drug mechanism ,Chemotherapy ,Cathepsin ,carcinogenic activity ,nonhuman ,2,4,6 triiodophenol ,cy 103 ,caspase inhibitor ,gene expression ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,bobel 24 ,neoplasm ,Peptide Hydrolases - Abstract
In the past few years, accumulating evidence in the literature supports the existence of pathways of caspase-independent programmed cell death (CI-PCD). These pathways are likely to be acting as 'death backup systems' that ensure effective removal of defective cells from the organism. Similar to classical apoptosis i.e. caspase-dependent programmed cell death (CD-PCD), the mitochondrion is the main organelle orchestrating the series of events which are required for the induction of CI-PCD. In addition, the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bid are also key participants in CI-PCD. However, contrary to CD-PCD, CI-PCD involves executioners other than the caspases which include the cathepsins, the calpains and serine proteases. The protein AIF may also play an important role in the induction of CI-PCD. In this review we report current knowledge on CI-PCD and provide evidence for its regulation by chemotherapeutic agents currently used in the clinic and under investigation in clinical trials. Lastly, we discuss how the study of natural and synthetic agents triggering CI-PCD may help in the pharmacological design of a new generation of more effective chemotherapeutic drugs. The use of such drugs activating both CD-PCD and CI-PCD pathways should achieve a more successful eradication of carcinogenic cells and the attainment of lower levels of tumor resistance. © 2009 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. 9 717 728 Tradenames: azaspirane bzl 101 chm 1 cy 103 rb 110 rb 49 xyotax Cited By :47
- Published
- 2009
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