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A relevant and practical research object is analysed in the article – the implementation resolution of green transportation and the benefits of using such means. In this article, object is analysed from the interdisciplinary position, i.e. from the perspective of transportation, one of the logistical subsystems, and sustainable environment. The transportation department is undoubtedly an important guarantor of economic and industrial development. Despite the worldwide importance of transportation in everyday activities, the transportation also poses the risk for human health and life quality, for it is one of the biggest consumer of oil products and significantly contributes towards air pollution. Despite many theoretical and empirical researches, Šiauliai region still lacks an approach towards the implementation possibilities and studies revealing the benefits of green transportation. A comparative analysis has been performed by using the survey data, collected from 402 workers, responsible for transportation, working for Šiauliai regional companies. According to the results of the research for implementation situations of green transport in Šiauliai regional companies, the representatives of regional companies understand the importance of green transport, and more and more companies aim to reduce the environmental risk and to become more competitive. Integrated transportation by combining several means of transport, cargo consolidation by combining small orders and big orders, and ecological driving are the green transportation measures implemented most in regional companies. The typical benefits of green transport are increased environmental friendliness and improved relationship with consumers.

This study investigates the effects of transport and environmental factors on transport carbon dioxide emissions (TCO2). It employs cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lags for the estimation in the short and long runs and examines the panel time-series data from 2000 to 2020 in the OECD countries. This method allows heterogeneity in the dependencies and slope parameters across the countries. The results demonstrate that road and railway traffic movements increase the amount of TCO2 in the short and long runs. In addition, transport energy consumption is the driving factor in releasing TCO2 in the long run. Moreover, the joint effect of locomotives and transport energy consumption significantly reduces TCO2 in the short run. By contrast, the findings support the argument that environmental expenditures and green transport mitigate TCO2 in the long run. The findings also show an inverted u-shaped relationship between TCO2 and transport energy consumption. With the empirical findings as a basis, we suggest that the OECD countries should reduce traffic movements and enhance the environmental expenditures so that they may produce green transport vehicles to combat environmental issues.

Harbin, China, has a large population density and a large number of motor vehicles. To alleviate traffic congestion, based on the survey data of bike-sharing riders in the new and old urban areas of Harbin in May 2022, this paper uses an impact-asymmetric analysis and gradient enhancement decision tree to analyse the asymmetric relationship between bike-sharing travel environment elements and cyclists’ satisfaction, and the optimisation strategy for the bike-sharing riding environment was obtained so that more residents can choose to ride. This research shows that the infrastructure of the motorway in the old urban area had the greatest impact on the overall satisfaction, while the travel quality of the shared bikes in the new urban area had the greatest impact on the overall satisfaction. In addition, due to the differences in urban environments and satisfaction, planning directions are different when satisfying cyclists in the new and old urban areas. The old urban area should emphasise cycling comfort and road coherence to provide a good travel environment; however, the new urban area should focus on the operation of shared bikes to meet the needs of cyclists. Therefore, future research should formulate refined improvement strategies for different regions.

In the article "Sustainable Transport Policy", provided information about the transport policy implemented in the Republic of Azerbaijan, especially in Baku city after gaining independence. The problems in the transport system and ways of solving the problems, as well as mutual relations with international organizations are discussed. The impact of road transport on ecology is investigated and relevant recommendations are given to reduce the negative impact on the environment.

Globally, transportation sector has emerged as one of the major sources of air pollution. Correspondingly, green mobility (with electric bus) is gaining increasing attention as an essential step to mitigate emission concern. As such, a proper electric bus network design and fleet planning is important especially for bus operator to acquire an adequate number of electric bus, right on time, in order to operate electric bus system viably. Thus, this paper aims to examine the possibility to operate electric bus as a replacement for the conventional bus operation (with natural gas buses for the study area in Putrajaya, Malaysia). In order to determine a proper-designed electric bus operating system in terms of electric bus route, service frequency and quantity, the proposed methodology is developed with the aid of a traffic modeling software to cater various scenarios. Based on the existing (conventional) traffic and transit system in Putrajaya, the developed electric bus operating model is calibrated accordingly by considering various operational concerns including battery capacity and charging facility. The resultant findings revealed that the developed electric bus operating system in Putrajaya outperforms the conventional bus operation, not only in generating a higher profit margin for the bus operator, but also satisfying the passengers in a better manner (by carrying more passengers per unit of bus with a lower energy consumption).

На сегодняшний день наблюдается тенденция интенсивного развития крупных городов Казахстана, что характеризуется ростом площади городов, притоком рабочей силы и приростом городского населения. Развитие городов приводит к увеличению радиуса деловых и культурных поездок жителей крупных городов, расстояний поездок и, как следствие, времени, затрачиваемого на поездку. В следствии этого, в крупных городах Казахстана имеют место быть проблемы организации дорожного движения. Данная статья посвящена исследованию транспортной системы города Алматы. Было проведен анализ городских транспортных систем, и проведено теоретическое обоснование для совершенствования системы управления городскими транспортными потоками в г.Алматы. В статье были выделены основные аспекты для внедрения мероприятий по улучшению и эффективному управлению городскими транспортными системами.

ELIPTIC is a Horizon 2020 research project on ‘electrification of public transport in cities’ – and one of the very few H2020 projects coordinated by a municipality – the City of Bremen. The “factor 1002” campaign compares impacts of e-buses and e-cars - showing that the electrification of an 18m bus for urban operation has impacts that match about 100 e-cars. Whereas there are many funding programmes for electric cars, there was nothing for electric buses equivalent to their impacts. The “factor 100” campaign has been presented at various national events and events of the European Commission. In May 2017, the German Ministers for Environment of all states and the federal level met (“Umweltministerkonferenz”), discussed and adopted a political initiative for a funding programme for electric buses. The successful political initiative was launched by the City of Bremen. In August 2017, the German government announced a €100 million funding programme for electric buses – as part of a strategy to reduce the NO2 problems in German cities.

The topic of the present study deals with the changes and future trends of the European Union’s climate policy. In addition, it studies the manner in which Hungary’s transport sector contributes to the success of the above. The general opinion of Hungarian climate policy is that the country has no need of any substantial climate policy measures, since it will be able to reach its emission reduction targets anyway. This is mostly true, because the basis year for the long term goals is around the middle/end of the 1980’s, when Hungary’s pollution indices were entirely different than today due to former large-scale industrial production. With the termination of these inefficient energy systems, Hungary has basically been “performing well” since the change in political system without taking any specific steps in the interest of doing so. The analysis of the commitments for the 2020-2030 climate policy planning period, which defined emissions commitments compared to 2005 GHG emissions levels, has also garnered similar political reactions in recent years. Thus, it is not the issue of decreasing GHG emissions but the degree to which possible emissions can be increased stemming from the conditions and characteristics of economic growth that is important from the aspect of economic policy. In 2005, the Hungarian transport sector’s emissions amounted to 11 million tons, which is equal to 1.2% of total EU emissions, meaning it does not significantly influence total transport emissions. However, the stakes are still high for developing a low GHG emission transport system, since that will decide whether Hungary can avoid those negative development tendencies that have plagued the majority of Western European transport systems. Can Budapest avoid the scourge of perpetual smog and traffic jams? Can it avert the immeasurable accumulation of externalities on the capital city’s public bypass roads caused by having road transport conduct goods shipping? JEL classification: Q58

Environmental pollution is one of the main restrictions of sustainable development. We examine whether or not freight transport is sensitive of the environment in Australia, particularly in the state of Victoria. Because, freight transports is one of the significant factors of environmental pollution. In the study we discuss the decision taken by the government of Victoria; and what kind of measurement is applied by the government. We also discuss which policy should be followed to achieve green transportation. The aim of the study is to determine the effects of environmental measurement on growing of the transport sector. The economics of Australia has a structure growing fast, in order to parallel the increasing growth of the transport sector. It tries to apply Kyoto protocol to the transport sector. In conclusion, the environmental pollution and CO2 emissions decrease in Australia although the transport sector grows day by day.

In recent years the attention to the green transport and emission reduction has been increased significantly. European directives and national ones have introduced restrictions and target for the pollutant emissions. Urban transport systems play the main role. Transport systems based on electric mobility are suitable for green transport. If the market of private electric cars is still too small, public authorities have to implement and to develop strategies for the construction and the use of electrical systems. Considering local public transport, tramway and electric bus lines seem to be the best solution for this objective. This research wants to analyse the emission carried out from a bus line and a tramway line in urban area. Particularly the analysis focuses on to the operational emission and the construction one. Often the emissions related to the construction are ignored while in many cases, especially in urban context, these emissions can reach significant values. A model has been developed to compare the impacts on the emissions related to the construction of a new tramway and/or electric bus line. Which is the total emission reduction if a tramway line or electric bus line replaces a traditional one? The research, through the designed model, tries to answer to this question.A first case study has been analysed considering a 4.5 kin long transit line. Results show that the tramway system can save up to 75% of CO emission. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of Scientific Committee

From an operations perspective, retailers are seeking to manage and improve relationships with their customers, brand image, customer services, etc. in order to underline their green potential, because literature has considered green and sustainable business practices as a means to reducing costs. Among different retail operations and activities, transport and logistics have caused the highest costs and have been insufficiently investigated as well. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the greening of the transport activities in the food retail supply chain and characteristics of the food retailers` who are leaders in pursuing such activities. In such a way, the paper reveals the impact of food retailers` green initiatives on the way they manage their transport and logistics services. For the purpose of the paper, a quantitative study on the sample of 190 food retail companies operating on the Croatian market was conducted. The results suggest that generally retailers see green transport and logistics activities as an overall positive activity in terms of reducing costs and beyond, however usage of such green practices still differs a lot among observed food retailers.

Long run developments such as income growth and urban sprawl lead one to expect a continuous decline of thecontribution of non-motorised transport modes to the performance of transport systems. In terms of the totalnumber of trips, non-motorised transport modes have retained high shares, however. The potential of non-motorised transport modes to contribute to the urban quality of life is increasingly being recognised. In this paperthe possibilities of substitution between non-motorised and motorised transport are discussed. In addition,attention is paid to the issue of complementarity between motorised and non-motorised transport modes.