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Highlights • Okara peptides were prepared by high-pressure homogenization-assisted double enzymes. • The method can improve the extraction rate of okara proteins by 69% and 51%. • Antioxidant and immune activity were compared, and HPH-VAP was screened out. • 116 okara peptides were identified from HPH-VAP by HPLC-MS/MS. • The release of cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ was elevated., In this study, a method for preparing low molecular weight peptides (HPH-VAP) from okara using high-pressure homogenization assisted double enzymes was proposed. In order to explore its advantages, the effects of various methods on protein extraction rate and on the structure, antioxidant and immune properties of peptides were compared. The results showed that the protein extraction rate of this method was increased by 69% and 51% compared with other methods, and the structure only led to changes in the hydrogen bonds between peptide chains. HPH-VAP was screened out through functional characteristics, its structure was identified by HPLC-MS/MS, and further immunological activity analysis was carried out. The results showed that it promoted cell phagocytic ability, NO level and release of cytokines IL-6, IFN- γ, TNF-α. Therefore, this method is an effective and applicable method for industrial preparation of okara peptides, and has a positive effect on the reuse of okara resources.

To investigate the association between non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) and environmental factors in Ningxia population.This case-control study involved 453 NSCL/P patients and 452 normal newborns from Ningxia. A questionnaire focusing on various factors, including family history, pregnancy reaction, drug use during pregnancy, and infections, was used and responses were analyzed through Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis with SPSS 16.0.The constituent ratio of different types of NSCL/P was cleft lip∶cleft lip and palate∶cleft palate equal to 1︰2.02︰1.51. Logistic regression analysis revealed that abnormal pregnancy, infection, abortion, drugs, drinking, smoking, and living near factories likely increased the risk of NSCL/P (P0.05). Single fetus, pregnancy-related nausea, vomiting, parents' moderate tastes, and eating soy foods and fruits decreased the risk of NSCL/P (P0.05).The incidence of NSCL/P should be reduced to enhance the conditions of women during pregnancy by maintaining a balanced diet and avoiding infections, abortion, drugs, and negative habits. .目的 探讨宁夏地区非综合征型唇腭裂（NSCL/P）发病相关环境因素。方法 采用病例对照研究方法纳入NSCL/P患者453例，正常新生儿452例。对研究对象进行问卷调查，利用SPSS 16.0统计软件对数据进行卡方检验和Logistic回归分析。结果 NSCL/P患病类型构成比为唇裂︰唇裂合并腭裂︰腭裂=1︰2.02︰1.51。Logistic回归分析显示妊娠期发生异常、妊娠期感染、流产史、孕前孕中服用药物、饮茶、吸烟、饮酒、居住地附近工厂为危险因素（P0.05）。单胎、早孕反应、食用豆制品食物、水果为保护因素（P0.05）。结论 加强母亲孕期饮食均衡，避免感染、流产、服用药物以及不良生活习惯对降低NSCL/P的发生具有重要意义。.

Firstly the requirement of steering performance test platform is analyzed and a reasonable hydraulic load simulation system has been designed based on the specific test process of the hydraulic test platform so that the platform can load the diverter accurately in the test process. Then a mathematical model of the hydraulic load part of the platform has been made. And every part has been described in detail. A loading model has been established which is simulated by the Matlab software. The result of the simulation has been error analyzed and compensated to get a reasonable dynamic simulation loading system.

Inhibitors of Mek1/2 and Gsk3β, known as 2i, and, together with leukemia inhibitory factor, enhance the derivation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and promote ground-state pluripotency (2i/L-ESCs). However, recent reports show that prolonged Mek1/2 suppression impairs developmental potential of ESCs, and is rescued by serum (S/L-ESCs). Here, we show that culturing ESCs in Activin A and BMP4, and in the absence of MEK1/2 inhibitor (ABC/L medium), establishes advanced stem cells derived from ESCs (esASCs). We demonstrate that esASCs contributed to germline lineages, full-term chimeras and generated esASC-derived mice by tetraploid complementation. We show that, in contrast to 2i/L-ESCs, esASCs display distinct molecular signatures and a stable hypermethylated epigenome, which is reversible and similar to serum-cultured ESCs. Importantly, we also derived novel ASCs (blASCs) from blastocysts in ABC/L medium. Our results provide insights into the derivation of novel ESCs with DNA hypermethylation from blastocysts in chemically defined medium.

Inhibitors of Mek1/2 and Gsk3β, known as 2i, and, together with leukemia inhibitory factor, enhance the derivation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and promote ground-state pluripotency (2i/L-ESCs). However, recent reports show that prolonged Mek1/2 suppression impairs developmental potential of ESCs, and is rescued by serum (S/L-ESCs). Here, we show that culturing ESCs in Activin A and BMP4, and in the absence of MEK1/2 inhibitor (ABC/L medium), establishes advanced stem cells derived from ESCs (esASCs). We demonstrate that esASCs contributed to germline lineages, full-term chimeras and generated esASC-derived mice by tetraploid complementation. We show that, in contrast to 2i/L-ESCs, esASCs display distinct molecular signatures and a stable hypermethylated epigenome, which is reversible and similar to serum-cultured ESCs. Importantly, we also derived novel ASCs (blASCs) from blastocysts in ABC/L medium. Our results provide insights into the derivation of novel ESCs with DNA hypermethylation from blastocysts in chemically defined medium.