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This guide for living donor renal transplantation (LDRT) has been prepared with the sponsorship of the Spanish Society of Nephrology (SEN), the Spanish Transplant Society (SET), and the Spanish National Transplant Organization (ONT). It updates evidence to offer the best chronic renal failure treatment when a potential living donor is available. The core aim of this guide is to supply clinicians who evaluate living donors and transplant recipients with the best decision-making tools, to optimise their outcomes. Moreover, the role of living donors in the current RT context should recover the level of importance it had until recently. To this end the new forms of incompatible HLA and/or ABO donation, as well as the paired donation which is possible in several hospitals with experience in LDRT, offer additional ways to treat renal patients with an incompatible donor. Good results in terms of patient and graft survival have expanded the range of circumstances under which living renal donors are accepted. Older donors are now accepted, as are others with factors that affect the decision, such as a borderline clinical history or alterations, which when evaluated may lead to an additional number of transplantations. This guide does not forget that LDRT may lead to risk for the donor. Pre-donation evaluation has to centre on the problems which may arise over the short or long-term, and these have to be described to the potential donor so that they are able to take them into account. Experience over recent years has led to progress in risk analysis, to protect donors' health. This aspect always has to be taken into account by LDRT programmes when evaluating potential donors. Finally, this guide has been designed to aid decision-making, with recommendations and suggestions when uncertainties arise in pre-donation studies. Its overarching aim is to ensure that informed consent is based on high quality studies and information supplied to donors and recipients, offering the strongest possible guarantees. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. on behalf of Sociedad Espanola de Nefrologia.

Large amounts of resources are spent annually to improve educational achievement and to close the gender gap in sciences with typically very modest effects. In 2010, a 15-min self-affirmation intervention showed a dramatic reduction in this gender gap. We reanalyzed the original data and found several critical problems. First, the self-affirmation hypothesis stated that women's performance would improve. However, the data showed no improvement for women. There was an interaction effect between self-affirmation and gender caused by a negative effect on men's performance. Second, the findings were based on covariate-adjusted interaction effects, which imply that self-affirmation reduced the gender gap only for the small sample of men and women who did not differ in the covariates. Third, specification-curve analyses with more than 1,500 possible specifications showed that less than one quarter yielded significant interaction effects and less than 3% showed significant improvements among women.

Various kinetic techniques have been developed to obtain the different kinetic parameters such as degree of conversion (α), activation energy (E), pre-exponential factor (A) and rate constant (r). Consequently, the aim of this paper is to study the decomposition kinetics of Divinylbenzene-4-vinylpyridine unmodified copolymer (Unm-Polym) with its modified structure with nickel Schiff base complex (Co-Polym-Ni-SB) by thermal analysis. The TG/DTG analysis was conducted between 25 and 800°C using four different heating rates and four methods were chosen to calculate the previous mentioned parameters. The obtained Ea values are between 162 and 441 kJ mol for Kissinger, Ozawa and Friedman methods. The resulting activation energies calculated by Coats-Redfern method were used to evaluate the thermodynamic parameters like ΔS, ΔH and ΔG. By using these methods, the higher obtained values of Ea were estimated for nickel complex that caused its lower thermostability compared to the structure of Co-Polym-Ni-SB., The authors thank the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MESRS) and the Directorate General of Scientific Research and Technological Development (DGRSDT) for their financial support. We would like to thank (ICTP-CSIC) of Madrid, España for TG/DTG analysis and for discussion.

Treballs Finals de Grau de Física, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2022, Tutora: Àngels Ramos Gómez, We follow on the steps of the LHCb collaboration which first discovered five excited states of baryons with strangeness and charm, Ωc0, in pp collisions, by discussing the Ω− →πΞc+K−decay, a process which has been recently studied by the same collaboration obtaining four narrow Ωc0 states compatible with the previously found ones. We explore these new found states from a hadronic molecular viewpoint and find that two out of the four resonances, Ωc(3050)0 and Ωc(3090)0, might be interpreted as pentaquark states, structured as meson-baryon bound molecules.

Orientador: Dirceu da Silva Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Resumo: Essa pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar a prática de professores tutores em seus processos de formação de professor em nível superior a distância, compreendendo as concepções que esses sujeitos possuem sobre seu papel, sobre formação a distância e como desenvolvem suas funções no ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. Para essa finalidade, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura especializada que fundamentou a criação de um instrumento de pesquisa: uma escala do tipo Likert, denominada "Escala de Avaliação da Prática do Professor Tutor¿ (EAPT). A escala foi validada teórica, semântica e estatisticamente. Participaram da validação teórica 7 professores especialistas na área. O processo de validação semântica contou com a participação de 10 tutores. Ambos os processos contribuíram para o aperfeiçoamento do instrumento que foi aplicado em 386 professores tutores de diferentes instituições de ensino superior do país. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC) e a versão final da escala foi composta por 38 assertivas distribuídas em oito constructos: (1) Colaboração no Processo de Ensino-Aprendizagem, (2) Avaliação, (3) Motivação e Humanização, (4) Disponibilidade ao Aluno, (5) Crescimento Profissional, (6) Adequação das Atividades e Escrita, (7) Técnica e (8) Concepção de formação a distância, com adequados parâmetros de confiabilidade, validade convergente e discriminante. Os resultados mostraram que o papel ocupado com maior frequência pelos tutores é o de motivador e que eles consideram que sua atuação é decisiva para a qualidade do processo formativo. Os sujeitos também apresentaram fragilidades quanto à avaliação, transitando entre práticas formativas e classificatórias. A grande maioria da amostra declarou que o emprego de tutor não é o principal, confirmando o exposto na literatura sobre a precarização do trabalho desse profissional. Consideramos que a prática do professor tutor se apresenta como um espaço rico, capaz de ações significativas e transformadoras, mas que é necessária formação contínua em serviço e valorização do seu trabalho para que seja possível o desenvolvimento de uma prática de formação superior de professores a distância comprometida e qualificada. Acreditamos que a EAPT pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de futuras pesquisas que investiguem a prática do professor tutor, contribuindo para o desvelamento de questões a serem pensadas e discutidas na EAD. Abstract: This research aims to investigate the practice of teachers tutors in their processes of teacher's training in distance higher education, comprehending the conceptions that these subjects have about their role, about distance teacher's training and how to develop their functions in the virtual learning environment. For this purpose, we conducted a review of literature that justified the creation of a research tool: A Likert-type scale, called "Rating Scale of Tutor Teacher Practice" (EAPT). The scale was validated theoretical, semantic and statistical. Participated in the theoretical validation 7 specialists teachers in the area. The semantic validation process had the participation of 10 tutors. Both processes have contributed to the improvement of the instrument was applied to 386 tutors teachers from different institutions of higher learning in the country. The data obtained were submitted to Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (CFA) and the final version of the scale was composed of 38 items distributed in eight constructs: (1) Collaboration in the Process of Teaching and Learning, (2) assessment, (3) Motivation and Humanization, (4) Availability to Students, (5) Professional Growth (6) Adequacy of Activities and Writing (7) Technique and (8) Conception in EAD formation, with adequate parameters of reliability, convergent and discriminant validity. The results showed that the role played by tutors most often is that of motivating and they consider that their performance is critical to the quality of the training process. The subjects also showed weaknesses in evaluating, moving between training practices and qualifying. The vast majority of the sample stated that the use of tutor is not the main, confirming the exposed in the literature on the precariousness of this professional. We believe that the practice of tutor poses as a rich space, capable of meaningful action and transformative, but it is necessary service training and upgrading of their work so that it is possible to develop a practice of higher education of higher distance teachers committed and qualified. We believe that EAPT can contribute to the development of future research to investigate the practice of tutor, contributing to the unveiling of issues to be considered and discussed in EAD. Mestrado Ciências Sociais na Educação Mestra em Educação

Orientadores: Dirceu da Silva, Elisabete Monteiro de Aguiar Pereira Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Resumo: Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar as dimensões que promovem a qualidade da formação de professores a distância e compreender a percepção que estudantes do penúltimo e último ano de cursos de licenciatura a distância possuem sobre a qualidade da sua formação acadêmica. Para tanto, foi construída e validada uma escala de atitude do tipo Likert, nomeada Escala de Avaliação de Cursos de Licenciatura a Distância ¿ EALDIS, utilizada para obtenção de dados junto aos alunos de diferentes cursos de licenciatura a distância do país, provenientes de instituições públicas e privadas. O processo de construção da escala partiu de uma profunda revisão da literatura na área da educação a distância, focalizando concepções e indicadores de qualidade, bem como instrumentos nacionais e internacionais que possuam o mesmo objetivo que esta pesquisa ou similar. Com a intenção de obter dados que auxiliassem na construção da escala, sobretudo, na dimensão da formação pedagógica, também foram aplicados questionários em professores especialistas na área de formação de professores a distância. A escala final contém oito fatores (formação pedagógica, corpo docente, estudantes, suporte institucional, tecnologia e suporte tecnológico, material didático, processo de ensino e aprendizagem e satisfação com a EaD) e 83 itens. Os dados coletados a partir da aplicação da escala foram analisados por meio da análise fatorial confirmatória e os provenientes dos questionários pela análise de conteúdo. Também foram utilizadas estatísticas descritivas e cruzamento de dados. Os resultados evidenciaram, de maneira geral, satisfação com os cursos de licenciatura a distância, tanto por parte dos estudantes provenientes de instituições públicas (77,1% da amostra) quanto os de instituições privadas (22,9% da amostra). Há, contudo, alguns pontos que exigem maior atenção, sobretudo, quanto à avaliação, à infraestrutura, ao incentivo da pesquisa e atividades extracurriculares, ao suporte tecnológico, à interação com o professor autor da disciplina e ao estágio. Ainda, o tempo de duração de alguns cursos não atende ao disposto na atual legislação. Quanto ao perfil dos estudantes, pode-se dizer que está de acordo com o apontado pela literatura, em que a maioria trabalha, é do sexo feminino, com idade média superior aos alunos de cursos presenciais e com renda baixa ou média. Tendo em vista a abrangência e o crescimento do oferecimento de cursos a distância no Brasil, sobretudo, na área de formação de professores, o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa pretende contribuir com conhecimentos acerca dos fatores que promovem qualidade na EaD, bem como com um instrumento validado teórica, semântica e estatisticamente para avaliação da qualidade de cursos de licenciatura a distância Abstract: The objective of this research was to investigate the factors that promote the quality of distance learning teacher-training courses and to understand the perceptions that those students, in their penultimate and final year of undergraduate distance courses, have on the quality of their academic training in distance learning education. For this, a Likert-type attitude scale was created and validated, called Distance Learning Teacher Training Course Evaluation Scale ¿ DLTTCES, which was used to obtain data from the students in different distance learning teacher-training courses from both public and private institutions in the country. The process of constructing the scale began with a thorough literature review on distance education, focusing on conceptions and indicators of quality, as well as national and international instruments that have the same or similar objectives as this research. In order to obtain data for the construction of scale, especially in the dimension of pedagogical training, questionnaires were also applied to specialist teachers in the field of distance learning teacher-training course. The final scale includes eight factors (pedagogical training, faculty, students, institutional support, technology and technological support, didactic material, teaching and learning processes and satisfaction with Distance Learning Education) as well as a further 83 items. The data collected from the application of the scale was analyzed through confirmatory factor analysis and the data from the questionnaires was analyzed through content analysis. Descriptive statistics and data cross-referencing were also used. Generally, the results showed satisfaction with distance learning courses, both by students from public (77.1% of the sample) and by private institutions (22.9% of the sample). However, there are some points that require more attention, in particular those regarding: evaluation, infrastructure, research incentives, extracurricular activities, technical support, interaction with the teacher online and finally, internships. In addition, the duration of some courses do not meet the provisions of current legislation. As far as the profile of the students is concerned, it can be said that this correlates with the literature, in which the majority of students are employed, are female, have an average age that is higher than students of on-site learning courses and are from low or medium income backgrounds. In view of the breadth and growth of distance learning courses offered in Brazil, especially in the field of teacher training, the development of this research aims to contribute to the knowledge about the factors that promote quality in Distance Learning Education, together with validated theoretical instruments, semantically and statistically to evaluate the quality of undergraduate distance learning teacher training courses Doutorado Educação Doutora em Educação CNPQ 142082/2014-7

Se conoce como afasia al trastorno del lenguaje adquirido tras una lesión cerebral. Existen multitud de programas de intervención para su tratamiento, siendo una de estas, la Estimulación Transcraneal de Corriente Directa que es una de las técnicas más utilizadas y novedosas hasta el momento. El propósito de este trabajo es determinar la eficacia de la terapia de la Estimulación Transcraneal de Corriente Directa en la recuperación del lenguaje en pacientes con afasia, analizando así los beneficios que puede tener y valorando si puede establecerse como un tratamiento único o debe complementarse con otro método de rehabilitación. Para ello, se realizó una revisión teórica mediante la base de datos PubMed en la cual tras una búsqueda exhaustiva se seleccionaron 8 artículos conforme a los descriptores y criterios establecidos. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que la Estimulación Transcraneal de Corriente Directa en combinación con la terapia del habla y el lenguaje es efectiva en el tratamiento de las afasias, sin mostrar evidencias sobre en qué tipo de afasias es más efectiva dicha intervención. Aphasia is known as the language disorder acquired after a brain injury. There are many intervention programs for its treatment, including the Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation which is one of the most widely used and innovative techniques to date. The goal of this project is to determine the efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation therapy in the recovery of language in patients with aphasia, thus analyzing the benefits it may have and assessing whether it can be established as a single treatment or should be complemented with another rehabilitation method. For this purpose, a theoretical review was carried out using the PubMed database in which, after an exhaustive search, 8 articles were selected according to the established descriptors and criteria. The results obtained indicate that Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in combination with speech and language therapy is effective in the treatment of aphasia, without showing evidence as to which type of aphasia this intervention is most effective.

El propósito de este estudio es identificar limitaciones y potenciales áreas de mejora en la formación inicial de profesorado en relación con el desarrollo de la competencia oral. Adopta una metodología mixta. En primer lugar, el artículo analiza entrevistas a tres colectivos de profesores: en formación de dos universidades, universitarios y en activo de cinco escuelas, así como grupos focales en los que participaron estos últimos. En segundo lugar, analiza interacciones en aulas de educación infantil y primaria con la escala EVALOE. Los resultados indican fortalezas, limitaciones y propuestas de mejora vinculadas a la gestión de la comunicación, el diseño instruccional y las estrategias educativas, así como al diseño de propuestas docentes que las promuevan. Asimismo, los hallazgos revelan elementos mejorables en las interacciones observadas en contexto de aula.

Els darrers anys a Catalunya hi ha hagut un augment significatiu respecte els infants d'origen estranger, això ha provocat que el sistema educatiu es trobi en la necessitat de donar resposta a aquests reptes proporcionant, als alumnes d'origen estranger, un marc inclusiu que garanteixi el seu desenvolupament global. Aquest estudi pretén per una banda, comprendre quines són les necessitats educatives en les escoles de Catalunya; per una altra, busca conèixer quines són les principals necessitats i estratègies educatives per garantir una educació inclusiva de qualitat. Per poder donar resposta a aquestes qüestions, s'ha entrevistat a quatre professionals de l'educació, i s'ha realitzat un qüestionari, respost per 53 mestres de diferents municipis de la geografia catalana. Els resultats mostren la importància de proporcionar un suport lingüístic i social tant als infants com a les famílies, el qual ajudi a prevenir factors de risc com l'exclusió social i factors d'especial vulnerabilitat. Respecte a les conclusions, aquest treball finalitza amb una guia per a mestres per tal d'orientar les intervencions educatives adreçades a infants de 3 a 6 anys d'origen estranger. Throughout the last years in Catalonia, there has been a significant increase of foreign children, forcing the educational system to be in need of responding to these challenges providing an inclusive framework to these students to ensure their overall development. This study aims, on the one hand, to understand what are the educational needs in the schools of Catalonia; on the other, it seeks to know what are the main educational needs and strategies in order to guarantee quality inclusive education. In order to answer these questions, four education professionals have been interviewed, and 53 teachers from different municipalities of the Catalan geography have filled out a questionnaire. The results show the importance of providing linguistic and social support to children and families, which helps to prevent risk factors such as social exclusion, as well as factors of particular vulnerability. Regarding the conclusions, this work finishes with a guide for teachers to orientate educational interventions addressed to children from 3 to 6 years old of foreign origin.

Supplemental material, Serra-Garcia_OpenPracticesDisclosure_rev for Can Short Psychological Interventions Affect Educational Performance? Revisiting the Effect of Self-Affirmation Interventions by Marta Serra-Garcia, Karsten T. Hansen and Uri Gneezy in Psychological Science

El desarrollo escolar del alumno sordo depende de su dominio de la lengua de signos. Sin embargo, habitualmente, la lengua de signos no se adquiere en el entorno familiar; así, su dominio debe lograrse en el espacio escolar, en el que se espera que el alumno sordo tenga pares en esta lengua y pueda interactuar por medio de ella. Sin embargo, el contexto escolar cuenta con poca tradición de trabajo en el desarrollo de la lengua oral / de signos, focalizándose en actividades con la lengua escrita como meta. Con respecto al estudiante sordo, hay pocos estudios en los que se analice cómo tiene lugar el desarrollo de la lengua de signos en el espacio escolar. El docente bilingüe centra su trabajo en la enseñanza de la lengua mayoritaria como segunda lengua en la modalidad escrita, trabaja con la lengua de signos, pero no siempre sabe cómo promover el desarrollo de esta. La discusión sobre la relevancia de las prácticas para mejorar el desarrollo de la oralidad en los alumnos oyentes nos ofrece la oportunidad de reflexionar sobre estos aspectos en relación con los aprendices sordos. El objetivo de este artículo es, por lo tanto, la discusión sobre este tema para capacitar a los docentes respecto a la mejora de los usos de la lengua de signos en el espacio escolar.

Supplemental material, Serra_Garcia_Supplemental_Material_rev for Can Short Psychological Interventions Affect Educational Performance? Revisiting the Effect of Self-Affirmation Interventions by Marta Serra-Garcia, Karsten T. Hansen and Uri Gneezy in Psychological Science

Aquest treball se centra en l'estudi del cas específic d'un infant diagnosticat amb Trastorn de l'Espectre Autista que cursa l'etapa d'Educació Primària. Per començar s'ha fet una recerca teòrica en la qual hem analitzat diversos autors i fonts que parlen sobre els conceptes de necessitats educatives especials, d'inclusió i del fet d'atendre a la diversitat, per acabar especificant i coneixent els trets més rellevants sobre l'autisme. A continuació, ens centrem a concretar i a conèixer un cas d'autisme. No obstant això, com a objectiu principal s'ha dissenyat una proposta educativa que té en compte les característiques i les necessitats educatives d'aquest infant, per treballar i intervenir en les principals àrees afectades, contribuint així a millorar la seva inclusió dins l'aula. This project is based on the study of the specific case of a Primary Education child diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. First, we have done an analysis of different authors and sources that talk about concepts like special educational needs, the inclusive education and the fact of attending to diversity, and finally, we have specified the most important traits of autism. Then we focus on specifying and studying a case of autism. However, the main objective has designed an educational proposal that takes account the characteristics and special educational needs of this child, to work and intervene in the main affected areas, thereby helping to improve their inclusion in the classroom.

The aim of this work was to prepare metal soaps of epoxidized sunflower oil (ESO) and use them as thermal stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC). For that purpose, commercial sunflower oil was first epoxidized and then used to prepare (Ba, Zn, Pb, and Cd) metal soap derivatives, which were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The prepared metal soaps derivatives of ESO were used as thermal stabilizers for plasticized PVC. Discoloration, residual thermal stability at 200 $^{\circ}$C , and rheological properties of PVC samples were tested. The structural modifications were investigated by UV-visible spectroscopy. The best thermal stabilization effects were observed in the presence of Pb soap of ESO. Furthermore, metal derivatives of ESO were classified according to their stabilizing effect as follows: Pb-ESO > Ba-ESO > Cd-ESO > ESO > Zn-ESO.

Aquest treball de recerca – acció parteix de l’anàlisi d’una seqüència didàctica basada en l’escriptura d’un conte tradicional per tal de reflexionar sobre el dispositiu dissenyat i l’acompanyament que es va fer, atès que els objectius d’aprenentatge marcats no s’assoliren. En primer lloc, s’ofereix una anàlisi comparativa dels diversos suports i pautes per avaluar-ne la coherència i les possibles mancances. Després, s’estudien els esborranys dels alumnes per observar quines han estat les estratègies creatives que han adoptat per respondre a la consigna.

La creación de contextos comunicativos ricos que favorezcan el desarrollo de habilidades de lengua oral de los alumnos supone un reto en la práctica educativa de maestros. Con este objetivo, se diseña y construye el Sistema de Soporte a la Toma de decisiones EVALOE-SSD, a partir de la Escala de Valoración de la Lengua Oral en contexto Escolar (Gràcia et al., 2015), para ayudar a los maestros a reflexionar y a autoevaluar su propia práctica y a tomar decisiones informadas para mejorarla. El artículo presenta las características de la EVALOE-SSD, una herramienta digital semi-inteligente, y expone los diferentes ajustes llevados a cabo para su uso por parte de maestras de educación infantil y primaria en escuelas de diferente tipología.

Este trabajo trata sobre la construcción de viviendas a partir de containers marítimos. Un nuevo sistema de construcción en auge. En sus comienzos su finalidad estaba relacionada con dar refugio, usados como viviendas temporales en conflictos bélicos, desastres naturales… Pudiendo llegar a crearse pequeñas ciudades refugio. Con el paso del tiempo se fueron dando nuevos usos a este tipo de containers, como pequeñas tiendas, viviendas mínimas, hasta llegar a la actualidad. En la cual encontramos viviendas construidas a base de container que nada tienen que ver con una vivienda mínima, incluso llegando a la construcción de centros comerciales. Nos centraremos en la construcción de una vivienda pasiva, a partir de módulos realizados con containers. Hablaremos de los diferentes sistemas y elementos que la componen. Y aplicaremos todos estos conceptos a un ejemplo en particular, el cual certificaremos mediante el programa pphp., Grado en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura

Reproducibility of Post-ablation atrial scar imaging- Supplementary Data. (DOCX 889 kb)

Additional file 8: Fig. S6. Amplification of spalt from cDNA extracted from zygotes and 24-h post-fertilization Crepidula embryos. Amplification of spalt (Cfo-spalt) was only detected using cDNA from 24-h post-fertilization Crepidula embryos. There was no amplification at all when cDNA from zygotes was used. The gene twist from Crepidula (Cfo-twist) was used as a positive control since twist is detected at both stages of development. PCR products were run on 1% agarose gels.

Additional file 5: Fig. S3. Phylogenetic analysis of zinc-finger proteins containing the “Sal-box” (FTTKGNLK). Maximum clade credibility tree from the BEAST analysis including the deduced amino acid sequences of Sall proteins together with Schnurri, PRDII-BF1 and HIVEP1. Numbers indicated above the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP). The yellow box highlights Sall sequences across the Bilateria (BPP = 1) and the red box, the sequences of the other zinc-finger-related proteins (BPP = 1).

Introduction: Body image disturbance is considered a pervasive issue among women and is a core feature of eating disorders. Previous research provides evidence of the ability of body ownership illusions in virtual reality to produce changes in one's own body representation, especially in body size estimation. However, less information is available about changes in subjective body attitudes. This study assesses whether owning a female virtual avatar with different body sizes produces changes in body image distortion and body image dissatisfaction in women. Method: Forty female college students were exposed to an immersive virtual environment, in which they were sequentially embodied in three avatars using synchronous visuo-tactile stimulation. The first and third avatar had the same body size as the participant, but the second one had a larger body size. In the larger avatar condition, the group was divided into two: 20 participants owned a virtual body 20% larger and the other twenty a virtual body 40% larger. Body image distortion and body image dissatisfaction were assessed before and after embodiment in each of the three avatars using a silhouette test. Results: Mixed between-within analyses of variance showed a statistically significant effect of the variable Time (four assessment points) on body image distortion (F (3, 38) =2.825, p=.042, η2 = 0.069) and body image dissatisfaction (F (3, 38) =6.933, p

Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Sequence alignment of Sal proteins. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences of Sall proteins of different taxa. Amino acids shared by more than 50% of the species are shaded in gray

Additional file 3: Fig. S2. Sequence alignment of Sal proteins. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences of Sall proteins of different taxa. Amino acids shared by more than 50% of the species are shaded in gray.

Additional file 6: Fig. S4. Phylogenetic analysis of Sall proteins across the Bilateria. Maximum clade credibility tree from the BEAST analysis including the deduced amino acid sequences of Sall proteins. Numbers above nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities. The dark blue line groups Sall sequences of Vertebrates; the light blue line, the sequences of deuterostomes; the green line, the sequences of ecdysozoans (E); the orange line, the sequences of spiralians (S); and the red line, the sequences of xenacoelomorphs (X).

Additional file 9: Fig. S7. Schematic drawings of sall expression at 4-cell, 8-cell, 16-cell stages and trochophore larva in L. gigantea. a: expression in all cells at 4-cell stage. b: Expression in the macromeres at 8-cell stage. c: Expression in the 2Â m micromeres at 16-cell stage. Micromere 2a underlined in green and 2b underlined in orange. d: expression in the trochophore. In green and orange, expression of sall in the dorsolateral ectoderm derived from 2a and 2b, respectively. In pink sall, expression in the cephalic ring and next to the stomodeum, not derived from 2a and 2b micromeres. Drawings modified from Dictus and Damen [69].

Drinking-related behavior in college students represents a public concern with consequences for health and academic performance. The aim of the present study was to determine which measures (behavioral and self-reported measures of craving and anxiety) differentiate best between light- and heavy-drinking college students when exposed to a virtual reality (VR) alcohol-cue environment. 25 college students participated in this study, of whom 13 were light drinkers (standard drink units (SDU)/month ≤ 10) and 12 heavy drinkers (SDU)/month ≥ 11). Participants completed the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) before exposure to the VR environment. Heavy drinkers scored higher than light drinkers on AUDIT. The virtual environment consisted of four situations: restaurant, bar, chill-out area, and bedroom, where participants could choose alcoholic or non-alcoholic beverages. An Oculus Rift DK2 headset was used as the HMD. In each situation, craving and anxiety were self-reported on a visual analog scale (VAS, from 0 to 10). The results showed differences between groups in the type of beverage chosen in the VR situations, whereby heavy drinkers chose alcoholic drinks more frequently. However, no statistically significant differences were found between groups in craving or anxiety levels reported on the VAS during VR exposure. Heavy-drinking students show a preference for alcoholic beverages in all VR situations compared with light drinkers, but do not experience different levels of craving or anxiety as assessed with VAS. If virtual environments are used to detect heavy drinking cases, behavioral parameters such as choosing between alcoholic or non-alcoholic cues seem more suitable than self-reports of craving or anxiety. Nevertheless, future studies are necessary to determine whether more objective measures of craving and anxiety (eye tracking or psychophysiological responses) perform better than selfreports in differentiating between heavy and light drinking.

[EN] The extension works of the Panama Canal expected in 2017 will allow the crossing of great merchant ships coming from Asian harbours. The predicted rise of freight transport in the ports of Sines and Algeciras will require a comprehensive renewal of a great part of the peninsular railway infrastructure. The Badajoz-Caceres-Madrid high speed railway designed for a mixed passengers-freight traffic, is under construction without a closing date, so a necessary adaptation of the conventional Sines-BadajozPuertollano railway line will be necessary to allow freight transport until Brazatortas and its subsequent distribution to the rest of Spain. This research analyses infrastructure and exploitation conditions marked by European Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSIs). Subsequently it carries out a detailed study of the current situation of the conventional Sines-Badajoz-Puertollano railway line with the aim of planning the steps required to transform this network into an upgraded freight railway line and be able to quantify and program in time the necessary investments. For the commissioning of the 300km corridor from Badajoz to Puertollano, the research concludes that it is necessary to invest 161M€ in three years so freight train traffic of 25 t/axle can circulate over the corridor, and 80 M€ more to electrify the line and supply a train overtaking and parking post which allows the circulation of 750 meter-long trains. The cost of the upgraded railway infrastructure adds up to 640,000 €/km which compared to the average cost of 8.51 M€/km of the Madrid-Badajoz high speed railway, allows to come to the conclusion that the investment in 1km of high speed railway is equal to adapting more than 13km of conventional line for the upgraded freight line., [ES] La ampliación del Canal de Panamá prevista para 2017 permitirá el paso de grandes buques de mercancías provenientes de los puertos asiáticos. El aumento previsto de tráfico de mercancías en los puertos de Sines y Algeciras requerirá un acondicionamiento integral de gran parte de la infraestructura ferroviaria peninsular. La línea de alta velocidad Badajoz-Cáceres-Madrid diseñada para tráfico mixto viajeros-mercancías se encuentra en construcción sin fecha prevista de puesta en servicio, por lo que será necesaria la adecuación de la línea férrea convencional Sines-Badajoz-Puertollano para permitir el transporte de las mercancías hasta Brazatortas y su posterior distribución hacia el resto de España. Esta investigación analiza los condicionantes infraestructurales y de explotación marcados por las especificaciones técnicas de interoperabilidad europeas (ETIs). Posteriormente realiza un estudio pormenorizado de la situación actual de la línea de FFCC convencional Badajoz-Puertollano con objeto de planificar las actuaciones que se requerirían para convertir esta red en una ferroviaria de mercancías de altas prestaciones y poder cuantificar y programar en el tiempo las inversiones necesarias. Para la puesta en servicio del corredor de 300 km Badajoz-Puertollano, la investigación concluye que es necesario invertir 161 M€ durante tres años para que sea posible la circulación de trenes de mercancías de 25 t/eje y 80 M€ más para electrificar la línea y dotarla de los puestos de adelantamiento y estacionamiento de trenes (PAET) que permitan la circulación de trenes de 750 m de longitud. El coste/kilómetro de la infraestructura de vía acondicionada asciende a 640.000 €/km que comparado con los 8,51 M€/km de coste medio de la construcción del tren de alta velocidad Madrid-Badajoz, permite concluir que la inversión en 1 km de vía de alta velocidad equivale a acondicionar más de 13 km de línea convencional para mercancías con altas prestaciones.

Projecte: 2014PID-UB/042, Durant el curs 2015-2016, en assignatures de Psicologia del Desenvolupament, es va oferir als estudiants la possibilitat de respondre, a través de Moodle, qüestionaris d’autoavaluació amb feedback sobre els continguts d’aprenentatge. Es van organitzar per temes i eren actius durant el període en que es treballava el corresponent tema a l’aula. Es presenta l’anàlisi del seguiment de la proposta per part dels estudiants, de la incidència en el rendiment acadèmic i de la valoració de l’experiència.

2014PID-UB/042, L’experiència s’ha realitzat durant els cursos 2014-2015 i 2015-2016, en quatre assignatures de l’àmbit de la Psicologia del Desenvolupament, en els graus de Psicologia i d’Educació Social. Ha consistit en posar a disposició dels estudiants, a través de Moodle, qüestionaris d’autoavaluació amb feedback sobre els continguts d‘aprenentatge, amb els següents objectius: a) donar suport als estudiants durant l’aprenentatge; b) promoure l’estudi continuat al llarg del curs i c) millorar el rendiment en les proves d’avaluació tipus test. Els qüestionaris inclouen preguntes d’alternativa múltiple amb una única opció de resposta vàlida. Cada resposta rep un feedback que, en cas d’error, orienta la reflexió o la revisió de determinats conceptes o idees. S’ha dut a terme l’anàlisi de la participació, les puntuacions obtingudes, la valoració de l’experiència per part dels estudiants i la incidència del projecte sobre les qualificacions en les proves finals d’avaluació. Els estudiants han valorat molt positivament l’experiència, la participació ha estat moderada i les qualificacions obtingudes en les proves finals han estat significativament més altes per part dels estudiants que han respost qüestionaris. No obstant, per comparació amb cursos anteriors, no s’ha produït una millora significativa en els resultats globals dels grups-classe en les proves finals.

The objective of this study was to identify frequent situations and specific cues that produce the craving to binge in Spanish and Italian samples of patients with eating disorders (ED). There were two main aims: to assess transcultural differences in the contexts and cues that elicit food craving; and to develop valid, reliable VR environments for effective cue-exposure therapy (CET) for patients from both countries. Twenty-six Spanish and 75 Italian ED patients completed an ad hoc questionnaire to assess contexts and cues that trigger the craving to binge. No differences between groups were found. All patients reported experiencing higher levels of craving in the afternoon/early evening and in the late evening/night, between meals, when alone, and more frequently at the end of the week. Being in the dining room, the kitchen, the bedroom, the bakery and the supermarket were the specific situations that produced the highest levels of craving to binge. We used the questionnaire results to develop a virtual reality application for CET.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación Título, resumen y palabras clave en portugués, español e inglés Monográfico con el título: "Formación docente continua y nuevas tecnologías: el desafío de cambiar mientras se enseña" Se presentan los principales resultados del proyecto «M-Learning: Una implantación innovadora», desarrollado por el Laboratorio de Innovación Tecnológica Aplicado a la Educación lantec/unicamp. El objetivo fue desarrollar un ambiente colaborativo de aprendizaje para los profesores de matemáticas de enseñanza obligatoria, pertenecientes a centros educativos con un Índice de Desarrollo de la Educación Básica (ideb) inferior o igual a 4. Se ha realizado un cuestionario semi-estructurado para evaluar la percepción de los profesores-alumnos sobre la contribución del curso para el desarrollo de procesos colaborativos entre los participantes. Han participado en la investigación 123 individuos de diferentes regiones de Brasil. Los resultados han mostrado que a lo largo del curso, los profesores han intensificado su interacción con sus compañeros, mejorando en el dominio de los recursos tecnológicos y en su uso e intercambio con los colegas de profesión. De esta forma se ha posibilitado la creación de nuevas modalidades de enseñanza y de aprendizaje de las matemáticas en la escuela. ESP

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar la triangulación múltiple (datos, investigadoras, métodos, resultados y conclusiones) seguida en un proceso de investigación cualitativa enmarcada en el plan de estudios superiores de un máster en educación inclusiva. El trabajo se basó en una triangulación múltiple con el propósito de identificar los elementos que han permitido desarrollarla. Se pretende dar estrategias para que otras investigaciones incorporen la triangulación múltiple en su proceso de investigación. Este proceso de investigación no se ha limitado únicamente en modelos teóricos, sino que éstos se han complementado con la interacción de las voces. El estudio permitió triangular horizontalmente nuestras voces como investigadoras con las de las profesoras tutoras del máster y la voz del alumnado participante mediante la complementación de instrumentos de corte cualitativo. Escuchar y triangular estas voces ha permitido un avance metodológico en la investigación y dar más validez a los resultados y conclusiones obtenidas., The aim of this paper is to show multiple triangulation (data, research, methods, results and conclusions) followed a qualitative research process framed in the curriculum of a master's degree in higher education inclusive. The work was based on a multiple triangulation in order to identify the elements that have allowed develop and the results achieved. It aims to give other research strategies to incorporate multiple triangulation in the research process. This research process has not been limited only in theoretical models, but these have been supplemented by the interaction of the voices. The study allowed our voices triangulate horizontally as researchers with the master teachers and mentors of student voice participant through complementing qualitative cutting tools. Listen and triangulate these voices have resulted in advances in methodological research and give more validity to the results and conclusions., El trabajo ha sido posible gracias a la financiación del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación a través del proyecto número EDU2009-08669EDUC

Collaborative hardening and hardware redundancy are nowadays the most interesting solutions in terms of fault tolerance achieved and low extra cost imposed to the project budget. Thanks to the powerful and cheap digital devices that are available in the market, extra processing capabilities can be used for redundant tasks, not only in early data processing (sensed data) but also in routing and interfacing1

The aim of this paper is to present cDVF-E scales for families with children of 0-18 years, on one hand, and over 18 years, on the other, that researchers from five spanish universities have recently validated and standardized to the spanish population. To this end, first, the importance of the construct of quality of family life and its implications for research and practice should be emphasized. Afterwards, we introduce the first international initiatives measuring the quality of family life developed in the first decade of this century. Then the features, dimensions and psychometric properties of the scales are synthetically presented. Finally, the authors encourage practitioners and organizations to use these tools in the context of family-centered model and provides, as a conclusions, some considerations

We report the results of a field experiment evaluating the impact of financial literacy training on teenagers between 14 and 16 years in German high schools. After the training, treated teenagers exhibit a significant increase in both interest in financial matters and self-assessed knowledge relative to the control group. We also find a strong decrease in the prevalence of impulse purchases after the training, suggesting that teenagers become more sovereign consumers. Our data reveals strong gender differences in financial matters already before adulthood: Girls show less interest in and self-assessed knowledge about financial matters, and are less likely to save.

This article documents the addition of 473 microsatellite marker loci and 71 pairs of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Barteria fistulosa, Bombus morio, Galaxias platei, Hematodinium perezi, Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke (a.k.a. M.abdominalis Fab., M.grandii Goidanich or M.gifuensis Ashmead), Micropogonias furnieri, Nerita melanotragus, Nilaparvata lugens Stal, Sciaenops ocellatus, Scomber scombrus, Spodoptera frugiperda and Turdus lherminieri. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Barteria dewevrei, Barteria nigritana, Barteria solida, Cynoscion acoupa, Cynoscion jamaicensis, Cynoscion leiarchus, Cynoscion nebulosus, Cynoscion striatus, Cynoscion virescens, Macrodon ancylodon, Menticirrhus americanus, Nilaparvata muiri and Umbrina canosai. This article also documents the addition of 116 sequencing primer pairs for Dicentrarchus labrax.

Relational contracts have been shown to mitigate moral hazard in labor and credit markets. A central assumption in most theoretical and experimental studies is that, upon misbehaving, agents can be excluded from their current source of income and have to resort to less attractive outside options. This threat of exclusion is unrealistic in many environments, and especially in credit and investment contexts. We examine experimentally the emergence and time structure of relational contracts when the threat of exclusion is weakened. We focus on bilateral credit relationships in which strategic default is possible. We compare a weak exclusion treatment in which defaulting borrowers can reinvest borrowed funds, to a strong exclusion treatment in which defaulting borrowers must liquidate borrowed funds. We find that under weak exclusion more relationships break down in early periods and credit relationships are more likely to “start small”.

El trabajo con las familias en el ámbito de la atención temprana en nuestro país goza de una larga tradición. No obstante, pueden observarse prácticas profesionales muy diversas que llegan a plantear interrogantes acerca de su importancia, los modelos subyacentes y los roles desempeñados por las familias y los profesionales. Por ello, parece oportuno insistir en la importancia y trascendencia del trabajo con las familias desde una perspectiva orientada al progreso y a la calidad de vida de las familias con algún hijo con dificultades en su desarrollo. A tal fin hemos organizado el presente trabajo en tres apartados que pretenden responder a las siguientes preguntas: por qué, cuál es el contenido y cuáles las consecuencias del trabajo con las familias. In Spain early intervention professionals have been working extensively with families for a long time. However, there are various professional practices which question the significance of early intervention, the underlying models and the roles played by families and professionals. Therefore, it seems appropriate to insist on the importance and relevance of working with families to improve their quality of life, especially those with a child with developmental difficulties. The present study aims to answer the following questions: why, what and what for, that is, the reasons, the content and the consequences of working with families.

Resumen tomado de la publicación La finalidad de este material es ofrecer un instrumento auxiliar de trabajo para el aprendizaje del oficio por parte de los alumnos inscritos a cursos del ámbito de la jardinería, el paisajismo y los cultivos ornamentales. Partiendo de este propósito, los apuntes reflejan el perfil de las lecciones teóricas en una síntesis de las explicaciones de los profesores, hecho que justifica su forma redaccional. Este material presentado en forma de apuntes recoge las lecciones de 35 temas, que se corresponden con una primera etapa formativa o fase de iniciación. Constan de una introducción general a la disciplina sobre el diseño, ejecución y mantenimiento general de los jardines así como todos los factores a tener en cuenta en el proceso del ajardinamiento, por lo que se desprende que el desarrollo y comprensión de cada tema se deberá hacer mediante la utilización de bibliografía apropiada. Baleares ESP

Peak provoked craving (PPC) is an alternative approach to cue-induced craving that focuses on the highest craving level experienced during the exposure to drug-related cues. The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of abstinence on PPC in smokers and to determine whether PPC is altered by continuous abstinence. Results showed reductions on PPC levels only 24 hours after achieving abstinence and craving levels remain significantly lower after 7 days of abstinence.