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[EN] Recent results on Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals of complete type for linear time-delay systems are presented. The main concepts and results are introduced for the single delay system case, and necessary and sufficient stability conditions expressed in terms of the Lyapunov delay matrix are explained. The use of complete type functionals in analysis and controller design is discussed. The contribution focuses mainly at results of researchers in Mexico., [ES] Se introducen resultados recientes del enfoque de funcionales de Lyapunov-Krasovski de tipo completo para sistemas lineales con retardos. Se explican brevemente los principales conceptos y resultados para el caso de sistemas con un retardo así como las condiciones necesarias y suficientes de estabilidad expresadas en terminos del análogo de la matriz de Lyapunov. Las extensiones de este tipo de condiciones de estabilidad a otras clases de sistemas con retardos son expuestas brevemente. Tambien se presentan aplicaciones existentes del efoque de funcionales de tipo completo a problemas de analisis y de diseño de controladores. El trabajo se enfoca a contribuciones de investigadores de Mexico a este tema de estudio., Este trabajo ha sido realizado parcialmente gracias al apoyo del Conacyt, México, Proyecto A1-S-24796.

ispartof: International Journal Of Robust And Nonlinear Control vol:30 issue:10 pages:3906-3922 status: Published online

ispartof: Automatica vol:113 status: Published online

Superadobe Technology consists on filling long polypropylene sacks with a moist mixture of clay, sand, gravel and lime/cement; placing and compacting one on top of another forming concentric rings of decreasing radius and describing a double curvature monolith.From the 26th of August till the 6th of September of 2017, a group of 10 students at the “Domoterra” Institute of Earthbag construction, in the province of Teruel, autonomous community of Aragon, Spain, participated in the construction of what would become a Superadobe domed shelter of internal diameter 4m, roughly 3.5m high with the capacity to enclose 17.5m^2 of habitable surface, using approximately 250m of polypropylene sack and 20 m³ of earth.The structure advanced from an initial base cylinder of 0.5 m to the height of 2.1 m in 7 effective work days of 8 hours each day, and such an experience is taken into account together with existing literature, to describe the construction process of a Superadobe dome.

There is increasing interest in the use of sown ground covers in agriculture to provide alternative resources to predators and parasitoids as part of conservation biological control. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence that this approach is effective in commercial orchards, where a wild complex of plants co-occur with the sown plant species. In citrus orchards, ground covers with grasses (Poaceae) were originally promoted to prevent soil erosion. Herein, we analyzed the effect of this sown ground cover on the biological control of Aphis spiraecola Patch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), the main aphid pest on citrus. We therefore first described the ground cover plant composition and their inhabiting aphids in four commercial citrus orchards. Second, we compared the presence of A. spiraecola and its natural enemies between these and four other commercial orchards with bare soil. While grasses represented ∼66% of the ground cover, the rest of the cover comprised mainly Malva sp. (13%), Oxalis sp. (5%) and Sonchus sp. (2%). Poaceae plants and Oxalis sp. harbored stenophagous aphids and Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas (Hemiptera: Aphididae), respectively, which appeared sooner in the system than citrus aphids. These aphids may serve as alternative prey or hosts for natural enemies, and thus could enhance the biocontrol of A. spiraecola. By contrast, Malva sp. and Sonchus sp. harbored the potential citrus pest Aphis gossypii Glover and other aphids that appear simultaneously with A. spiraecola. Therefore, by attracting them to the cover, this latter group could relieve the attack of natural enemies on A. spiraecola in the canopy. Although these wild plants may act as reservoirs for A. spiraecola as well as other aphid species that can disrupt the biocontrol services of natural enemies, overall, the sown cover was effective in terms of biological control of A. spiraecola in the citrus canopy. It promoted the early presence of predators in citrus canopies but did not promote the early presence of parasitoids. Predators attacked A. spiraecola colonies before their exponential increase. These attacks resulted in satisfactory aphid control, as citrus orchards with ground cover never exceeded the aphid economic threshold.

The aim of this study was to producepolygalacturonase from A. sojaemutant and partially purify the crude extract by chromatographic methods. As a preliminarystep for the confirmation of its peptides, matrix-assistedlaser-desorption-ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Maldi-TOF MS)analysis was performed on in-gel digested sodium-dodecyl-sulphate-polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) gels. Three different carbon sources were employed in submerged andsolid-state fermentations for the production of polygalacturonase. Crudeextract was first purified by ion-exchange chromatography (IEXC) and followedfurther by size exclusion chromatography. Crude extracts obtained fromsub-merged [of bitter orange peel, sugar beet molasses and (NH4)2SO4]and solid-state [of wheat bran, sugar beet and HCl] fermentation exhibited highlevels of polygalacturonase enzyme activity (95.22 and 50.27 U/mL,respectively). Size exclusion of IEXC pooled fraction (180, 200 and 220 mM saltfractions) revealed the highest yield (36%) and purification fold (2.00). Thelikely polygalacturonase bands from SDS-PAGE were in-gel digested and analyzedby Maldi-TOF MS in route for peptides confirmation., Bu çalışmanın amacı, A. sojae mutantından poligalakturonazüretilmesi ve ham ekstraktın kromatografik yöntemlerle kısmisaflaştırılmasıdır. Peptitlerin konfirmasyonu için ilk basamak olarak, jeliçinde sindirilmiş sodyum-dodesil-sülfat-poliakrilamid-jel-elektroforezi(SDS-PAGE) jellerinde matriks-yardımlı lazer desorpsiyon/iyonlaştırmalı-uçuşzamanlı-kütle spektrometresi (Maldi-TOF MS) analizi yapılmıştır. Poligalakturonazüretimi için, katı-faz ve derin fermentasyonlarda üç farklı karbon kaynağıkullanılmıştır. Ham ekstrakt ilk olarak iyon değişim kromatografisi (IEXC) ilesaflaştırılmıştır ve ardından bunu boyut eleme kromatografisi izlemiştir. Derin[acı portakal kabuğu, şeker pancarı melası ve (NH4)2SO4]ve katı-faz (buğday kepeği, şeker pancarı ve HCl) fermentasyonlarından eldeedilen ham ekstraktlar yüksek seviyede poligalakturonaz enzim aktivitesi(sırasıyla 95.22 and 50.27 U/mL) göstermiştir. IEXC toplanmış fraksiyonunun(180, 200 ve 220 mM tuz fraksiyonları) boyut elemesi, en yüksek verimi (%36) vesaflaştırma katını (2.00) göstermiştir. SDS-PAGE’den elde edilen olasıpoligalakturonaz bantları jel içinde sindirilmiş ve peptit konfirmasyonu içinMaldi-TOF-MS ile analiz edilmiştir.&nbsp