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Additional file 2. Comparison between ES patients with and without LGE. ES, Eisenmenger syndrome; BMI, body mass index; HR, heart rate; SpO2, peripheral arterial oxygen saturation; WHO, World Health Organization; 6MWD, 6-min walking distance; NT-pro BNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; Hct, hematocrit; mPAP, mean pulmonary artery pressure; PVRi, pulmonary vascular resistance index; LV, left ventricular; RV, right ventricular; EDVi, end-diastolic volume index; ESVi, end-systolic volume index; EF, ejection fraction; massi, mass index; SVi, stroke volume index.

Additional file 1. The risk stratification approach. Low risk: at least three low-risk criteria and no high-risk criteria; Intermediate risk: definitions of low or high risk not fulfilled; High risk: at least two high-risk criteria including CI or SvO2. WHO, World Health Organization; 6MWT, 6-min walking distance; NT-pro BNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; RAP, right atrial pressure; CI, cardiac index; SvO2, mixed venous oxygen saturation.

This study focuses on visual creativity and how it can be supported with computer technologies and thereby be used to support learning and instruction. However, studies related to computer-enabled visual creativity have not been frequently explored. As such, the current research proposes a model consisting of four major factors: (a) computer-aided visual art self-efficacy, (b) computer self-efficacy, (c) general creative self-efficacy, and (d) visual creativity. The aim is to explore the causal relationships among these factors so that they can then be used to support creativity, especially in the context of learning and instruction. To test the proposed model, this study firstly collected a total of 736 responses from an American public university to construct a scale using exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses for three factors: (a) computer self-efficacy, (b) computer-aided visual art self-efficacy, and (c) general creative self-efficacy. Later, 164 responses were collected to analyze those hypothesized predictors of visual creativity and their relationships using structural equation modeling with Mplus. The results of the study indicate that computer self-efficacy was a significant predictor of computer-aided visual art self-efficacy, which in turn was a significant predictor of general creative self-efficacy. General creative self-efficacy, in turn, was a significant predictor of visual creativity. Finally, the study yielded a significant indirect effect of computer-aided visual art self-efficacy on visual creativity as mediated by general creative self-efficacy. Implications for learning and instruction are discussed as well as future studies to further research to develop relevant models of visual creativity in support of learning.

Nowadays, agricultural contamination is becoming more and more serious due to the rapid growth of agricultural industry, which discharged antibiotics, pesticides or toxic metals into farmlands. A large number of researchers have applied biochar-based functional materials to the treatment of agricultural wastewater contamination. Meanwhile, biochar has also proved to be a very promising and effective technology in water purification field due to its various beneficial properties (e.g., cost effective, high specific surface area, and surface reactive groups). The focus of this review is to highlight the fabrication methods and application of biochar-based functional materials with the removal of different agricultural contaminants, and discuss the underlying mechanisms. However, the application of biochar-based functional materials is currently under its infancy, with the main hindrance is identified as the gap between laboratory scale and field application, immaturity of engineered biochar production technologies, and lack of quality standards. In order to fill these knowledge gaps, more efforts should be made to pay for the relevant research in future studies.

It is very convenience to use the combination of design patterns as a key participant when on programming. However, in the methods of combination design patterns at present, there are several existing description methods often apply to one or several simple patterns. They are weak in supporting the combination of design patterns and the application tools; In this paper we use a new extension technology to describe the combination of design patterns by choosing the correct patterns, defining stereotypes, defining tagged values and constraints as well as an extending transform process. An instance described by the new UML extension technology, shows critical description points on how stereotypes involved in the combination of design patterns as well as methods and attributes of the classes, which made the class diagrams more comprehensive, and the transformation of model easier to be realized. The new UML extension technology has the advantages such as intuitive, full description, models transformation easily etc.