1. Cognitive Decline Over Time in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure: Insights From WARCEF
- Author
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Lee, Tetz C, Qian, Min, Liu, Yutong, Graham, Susan, Mann, Douglas L, Nakanishi, Koki, Teerlink, John R, Lip, Gregory YH, Freudenberger, Ronald S, Sacco, Ralph L, Mohr, Jay P, Labovitz, Arthur J, Ponikowski, Piotr, Lok, Dirk J, Matsumoto, Kenji, Estol, Conrado, Anker, Stefan D, Pullicino, Patrick M, Buchsbaum, Richard, Levin, Bruce, Thompson, John LP, Homma, Shunichi, Di Tullio, Marco R, and WARCEF Investigators
- Subjects
Male ,Time Factors ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,comorbidities ,Cardiovascular ,Fibrinolytic Agents ,Clinical Research ,Humans ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,cognitive function ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged ,Heart Failure ,Aspirin ,Anticoagulants ,Stroke Volume ,longitudinal analysis ,Middle Aged ,Brain Disorders ,Heart Disease ,Mini-Mental State Examination ,Female ,Warfarin ,WARCEF Investigators ,Systolic ,dementia - Abstract
ObjectivesThis study sought to characterize cognitive decline (CD) over time and its predictors in patients with systolic heart failure (HF).BackgroundDespite the high prevalence of CD and its impact on mortality, predictors of CD in HF have not been established.MethodsThis study investigated CD in the WARCEF (Warfarin versus Aspirin in Reduced Ejection Fraction) trial, which performed yearly Mini-Mental State Examinations (MMSE) (higher scores indicate better cognitive function; e.g., normal score: 24 or higher). A longitudinal time-varying analysis was performed among pertinent covariates, including baseline MMSE and MMSE scores during follow-up, analyzed both as a continuous variable and a 2-point decrease. To account for a loss to follow-up, data at the baseline and at the 12-month visit were analyzed separately (sensitivity analysis).ResultsA total of 1,846 patients were included. In linear regression, MMSE decrease was independently associated with higher baseline MMSE score (p 
- Published
- 2019