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Circularly polarized optical excitation of plasmonic nanostructures causes coherent circulating motion of their electrons, which in turn, gives rise to strong optically induced magnetization - a phenomenon known as the inverse Faraday effect (IFE). In this study we report how the IFE also significantly decreases plasmon damping. By modulating the optical polarization state incident on achiral plasmonic nanostructures from linear to circular, we observe reversible increases of reflectance by 78% as well as simultaneous increases of optical field concentration by 35.7% under 10^9 W/m^2 continuous wave (CW) optical excitation. These signatures of decreased plasmon damping were also monitored in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field (0.2 T). The combined interactions allow an estimate of the light-induced magnetization, which corresponds to an effective magnetic field of ~1.3 T during circularly polarized CW excitation (10^9 W/m^2). We rationalize the observed decreases in plasmon damping in terms of the Lorentz forces acting on the circulating electron trajectories. Our results outline strategies for actively modulating intrinsic losses in the metal, and thereby, the optical mode quality and field concentration via opto-magnetic effects encoded in the polarization state of incident light.

Sequential recommendation (SR) learns from the temporal dynamics of user-item interactions to predict the next ones. Fairness-aware recommendation mitigates a variety of algorithmic biases in the learning of user preferences. This paper aims at bringing a marriage between SR and algorithmic fairness. We propose a novel fairness-aware sequential recommendation task, in which a new metric, interaction fairness, is defined to estimate how recommended items are fairly interacted by users with different protected attribute groups. We propose a multi-task learning based deep end-to-end model, FairSR, which consists of two parts. One is to learn and distill personalized sequential features from the given user and her item sequence for SR. The other is fairness-aware preference graph embedding (FPGE). The aim of FPGE is two-fold: incorporating the knowledge of users' and items' attributes and their correlation into entity representations, and alleviating the unfair distributions of user attributes on items. Extensive experiments conducted on three datasets show FairSR can outperform state-of-the-art SR models in recommendation performance. In addition, the recommended items by FairSR also exhibit promising interaction fairness., Comment: ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol. (TIST) 2022

A collective excitation of the spin structure in a magnetic insulator can transmit spin-angular momentum with negligible dissipation. This quantum of a spin wave, introduced more than nine decades ago, has always been manipulated through magnetic dipoles, (i.e., timereversal symmetry). Here, we report the experimental observation of chiral-spin transport in multiferroic BiFeO3, where the spin transport is controlled by reversing the ferroelectric polarization (i.e., spatial inversion symmetry). The ferroelectrically controlled magnons produce an unprecedented ratio of up to 18% rectification at room temperature. The spin torque that the magnons in BiFeO3 carry can be used to efficiently switch the magnetization of adja-cent magnets, with a spin-torque efficiency being comparable to the spin Hall effect in heavy metals. Utilizing such a controllable magnon generation and transmission in BiFeO3, an alloxide, energy-scalable logic is demonstrated composed of spin-orbit injection, detection, and magnetoelectric control. This observation opens a new chapter of multiferroic magnons and paves an alternative pathway towards low-dissipation nanoelectronics.

Geometry-based camera calibration using principal line is more precise and robust than calibration using optimization approaches; therefore, several researches try to re-derive the principal line from different views of 2D projective geometry to increase alternatives of the calibration process. In this report, algebraical equivalence of two expressions of principal line, one derived w.r.t homography and the other using for two sets of orthogonal vanishing points, is proved. Moreover, the extension of the second expression to incorporate infinite vanishing point is carried out with simple mathematics., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 47 equations

Thermal photoluminescence (PL) quenching is fundamentally important for perovskite optoelectronic applications. Herein, we investigated PL characteristics of CsSnBr3 microsquares and micropyramids ...

The development of hole-transport layers (HTLs) that elevate charge extraction, improve perovskite crystallinity, and decrease interfacial recombination is extremely important for enhancing the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, the nanoporous nickel oxide (NiO x ) layer as well as NiO x thin film was prepared via chemical bath deposition as the HTL. The sponge-like structure of the nanoporous NiO x helps to grow a pinhole-free perovskite film with a larger grain size compared to the NiO x thin film. The downshifted valence band of the nanoporous NiO x HTL can improve hole extraction from the perovskite absorbing layer. The device based on the nanoporous NiO x layer showed the highest efficiency of 13.43% and negligible hysteresis that was better than the one using the NiO x thin film as the HTL. Moreover, the PSCs sustained 80% of their initial efficiency after 50 days of storage. This study provides a powerful strategy to design PSCs with high efficiency and long-term stability for future production.

To realize the refractive index dispersion accurately is essential for the design of optical devices. In this paper, we study hexagonal ZnO microrod cavities. We measure angle-resolved photolumines...

Nontoxic metal-halide perovskite materials have triggered a revolution of emitting devices as well as solar cells. In this work, we demonstrate a lead-free γ-CsSnI3 perovskite random lasing operate...

Background Sunitinib-induced high-grade proteinuria and irreversible renal allograft dysfunction are rare conditions. Here, we present a patient who had received renal allograft and later developed metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma(cc-mRCC), for which he was prescribed sunitinib. High-grade proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, peripheral edema and renal allograft dysfunction (manifesting as an increase in the serum creatinine concentration) occurred 5 months after sunitinib prescription. Case presentation The patient was a 58-year-old male who had end-stage renal disease with regular hemodialysis through arteriovenous fistula for 17 years since 1998 and received a renal allograft from a deceased kidney donor in 2015. Unfortunately, in 2019, the patient developed cc-mRCC originating from the left native kidney. We suggested a needle biopsy on left native kidney or radical left nephrectomy, but the patient refused. Sunitinib was prescribed. Follow-up urine analysis showed proteinuria (500 mg/dL) 2 weeks after sunitinib prescription. He was hospitalized 5 months later because of body weight gain, decreased urine output, pitting edema of both lower extremities, and shortness of breath. The image studies showed progression in his cc-mRCC. His serum creatinine level and spot urine protein at admission increased to 4.26 mg/dL and 300 mg/dL, respectively. He agreed on a biopsy for the renal allograft and the pathology studies showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, acute interstitial nephritis, and acute tubular injury. Based on the time sequence of clinical presentations with the laboratory and pathological findings, sunitinib-induced renal allograft dysfunction secondary to high-grade proteinuria was most likely. Despite of discontinuation of sunitinib and increased dose of everolimus, renal impairment progressed. Thus, he had to receive hemodialysis starting 2 week after hospitalization. Unfortunately, the patient died of advanced metastasis despite of aggressive medical treatments 3 weeks after admission. Conclusion This case report is a reminder that renal allograft dysfunction can happen secondary to proteinuria after taking sunitinib. Hence, clinicians must regularly check renal function and urine protein for renal allograft recipients. Monitoring and modifying drug prescription, especially sunitinib, is necessary if persistent proteinuria accompanied by deteriorating serum creatinine level occurs. Renal biopsy may be considered if more evidence is required to make a differential diagnosis.

Strategies for the ultrafast optical control of magnetism have been a topic of intense research for several decades because of the potential impact in technologies such as magnetic memory1, spintronics2 and quantum computation, as well as the opportunities for nonlinear optical control and modulation3 in applications such as optical isolation and non-reciprocity4. Here we report experimental quantification of optically induced magnetization in plasmonic gold nanoparticles due to the inverse Faraday effect. The induced magnetic moment is large under typical ultrafast pulse excitation (

Lead-halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are receiving much attention as a potential high-quality source of photons due to their superior luminescence properties in comparison to other semiconductor NCs. To date, research has focused mostly on NCs with little or no quantum confinement. Here, we measured the size- and temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) from strongly confined CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs) with highly uniform size distributions, and examined the factors determining the evolution of the energy and linewidth of the PL with varying temperature and QD size. Compared to the extensively studied II-VI QDs, the spectral position of PL from CsPbBr3 QDs shows an opposite dependence on temperature, with weaker dependence overall. On the other hand, the PL linewidth is much more sensitive to the temperature and size of the QDs compared to II-VI QDs, indicating much stronger coupling of excitons to the vibrational degrees of freedom both in the lattice and at the surface of the QDs.

Recording ion fluctuations surrounding biological cells with a nanoelectronic device offers seamless integration of nanotechnology into living organisms and is essential for understanding cellular activities. The concentration of potassium ion in the extracellular fluid (

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-cep-10.1177_03331024221075621 for Immunogenicity of erenumab: A pooled analysis of six placebo-controlled trials with long-term extensions by Yanchen Zhou, Feng Zhang, Marta Starcevic Manning, Zheng Hu, Cheng-Pang Hsu, Po-Wei Chen, Cheng Peng, Brett Loop, Daniel T Mytych and Gabriel Paiva da Silva Lima in Cephalalgia

Additional file 3: Table S3. The comparison of bacterial genera between SS-CRS and non-SS-CRS.

Additional file 1.

Additional file 2: Table S2. Demographic characteristics in bacterial growth of SS-CRS and non-SS-CRS.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Bacterial difference of SS-CRS versus non-SS-CRS.

We predict that an interplay between isotropic and anisotropic exchange interactions in a honeycomb lattice structure can lead to topological edge conduction when the anisotropic interaction is at least twice the strength of the isotropic interaction. For materials like Na$_2$IrO$_3$, such a strong anisotropic exchange interaction simultaneously induces a zigzag type of antiferromagnetic order that breaks the time-reversal symmetry of the topological edge conductor. We show that the electronic transport in such topological conductors will exhibit a quantized Hall conductance without any external magnetic field when the Fermi energy lies within a particular energy range.

In this study, we designed a substrate-free surface plasmon polariton laser composed of ZnO nanowire and aluminum. As a result, we successfully transfer device to another substrate and produced the laser.

Contrast associated kidney injury is caused by side effects of iodinated contrast media (ICM), including inflammation. Chronic inflammation among dialysis patient contributes to atherosclerosis, which leads to simultaneous conditions of the kidney, brain, and vasculature. Data to investigate the pathologic effects of ICM on cardiovascular complications in dialysis patients are lacking. Dialysis patients who had been exposed to ICM from computed tomography (ICM-CT) were allocated as the ICM-CT cohort (N = 3751), whereas dialysis patients without ICM exposure were randomly allocated as the non-ICM cohort (N = 17,196). Furthermore, 540 pairs were selected for analyses through propensity score-matching in terms of age, sex, comorbidities, dialysis vintage, and index date. During a median follow-up of 10.3 years, ICM-CT cohort had significantly higher risks in the following, compared with non-ICM cohort: all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–1.47), cardiovascular events (aHR,1.67; 95% CI, 1.39–2.01), acute coronary syndrome (adjusted HR: 2.92; 95% CI, 1.72–4.94), sudden cardiac arrest (aHR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.90–3.18), heart failure (aHR, 1.71; 95% CI,1.28–2.27), and stroke (aHR, 1.84; 95% CI,1.45–2.35). The proinflammatory ICM is significantly associated with an increased risk of major cardiovascular events in patients on dialysis.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming popular in various applications. However, there are still challenging issues to be tackled, such as effective obstacle avoidance, target identification within a crowd, and specific target tracking. This paper focuses on dynamic target following and obstacle avoidance to realize a prototype of a quadcopter drone to serve as an autonomous object follower. An adaptive target identification system is proposed to recognize the specific target in the complicated background. For obstacle avoidance during flight, we introduce an idea of space detection and use it to develop a so-called contour and spiral convolution space detection (CASCSD) algorithm to evade obstacles. Thanks to the low architecture complexity, it is appropriate for implementation on onboard flight control systems. The target prediction is integrated with fuzzified flight control to fulfill an autonomous target tracker. When this series of technical research and development is completed, this system can be used for applications such as personal security guard and criminal detection systems.

We present the growth of ZnO nanorods (NRods) prepared by chemical bath deposition on 100 nm and 200 nm ZnO seed layer sputtered on glass substrate. The structural and optical properties of ZnO NRods were investigated by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and UV-Visible (UV-Vis) analyses. Random lasing (RL) emission behaviour was characterized by pulsed-wave micro-photoluminescence (pw µ-PL) analysis. Changed in seed layer thickness on 100 nm and 200 nm, allowing for greater particle size of ZnO NRods to form, while maintaining the preferred diffraction of self-organized growth direction with high-quality c-plane. The reduction in optical properties of ZnO NRods also lowering random lasing emission threshold toward higher excitation power density from 37.86 kW/cm2 to 95.40 kW/cm2.

The CsPbBr3 microwires with unique isosceles right triangle cross-sections are commonly observed via chemical vapor deposition method. In this work, we study the correlations between measured multi-mode lasing behaviors and the simulation of the mode patterns inside the triangular-rod microcavity. We confirm that lasing action with higher-order transverse modes can well sustain, even when these modes experience large optical loss due to the isosceles triangle cross-section. By comparing the experimental and simulation results, the higher-order transverse modes tend to show up prior to the fundamental transverse modes for wider microwires. We attribute this behavior to the nonuniform field distribution caused by the high absorption efficiency of CsPbBr3. We also elaborate on the difficulties to sustain the whispering gallery mode in the CsPbBr3 triangular-rod microcavity, which implies that the lateral dimension and geometry of the cavity should be considered carefully for the future design of low threshold wire-based laser devices.

Thermal photoluminescence (PL) quenching is fundamentally important for perovskite optoelectronic applications. Herein, we investigated PL characteristics of CsSnBr

The development of electrical insulators that are thermally conducting is critical for thermal management applications in many advanced electronics and electrical devices. Here, we synthesized polymer nanocomposite (PNC) films composed of polymers [polyethylenimine, poly(vinylamine), poly(acrylic acid), and poly(ethylene oxide)] and dielectric fillers (montmorillonite clay and hexagonal boron nitride) by layer-by-layer technique. The cross-plane thermal conductivity [Formula: see text] of the film was measured by the 3ω method. The effect of various factors such as film growth, filler type, filler volume fraction, polymer chemical structures, and temperature on the thermal conductivity is reported. The [Formula: see text] of PNCs with thickness from 37 nm to 1.34 μm was found to be in the range of 0.11 to 0.21 ± 0.02 W m−1 K−1. The [Formula: see text] values were found to be lower than the constituent polymer matrix. The experimental result is compared with existing theoretical models of nanocomposite systems to get insight into heat transfer behavior in such layered films composed of dielectrics and polymers.

The thermal deposition of lead iodide (PbI2) results in the changes in the contact surface of a poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) layer of solar cells (SCs). The changed contact surface of PEDOT:PSS layer after the thermal deposition of PbI2 remains stable after PbI2 is converted into perovskite and leaves the degraded perovskite/PEDOT:PSS interface. The degraded perovskite/pristine PEDOT:PSS interface leads to a low power conversion efficiency (η%) of SCs at 3.84%. The properties of the contact surface of the PEDOT:PSS layer during the thermal deposition of PbI2 can be retained by treating PEDOT:PSS with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and maintain the perovskite/PEDOT:PSS interface in good condition after PbI2 is converted. Perovskite SCs with DMSO-treated PEDOT:PSS substantially improves η% from 3.84% to 9.58%.

In this research, we demonstrate regular-type perovskite solar cells based on tungsten trioxide nanoparticles layer (WO3 NL) as the electron transport layer and methylammonium lead iodide nanowires (MAPbI3 NWs) as the absorbing layer. By adjusting the amount of the anti-solvent DMF, MAPbI3 NWs with different diameters ranging from 50 to 100 nm and lengths extending to several micrometers were obtained. [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) were introduced between WO3 NL and MAPbI3 NWs to improve film morphology and charge transfer ability. Meanwhile, spiro-MeOTAD doped with bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (Li-TFSI) was utilized to enhance hole transport. Finally, the perovskite solar cells with the configuration of ITO/WO3 NL/Cs2CO3/PCBM/MAPbI3 NWs/spiro-MeOTAD/Au were fabricated and evaluated. To date, perovskite NWs treating with the proper amount of the anti-solvent DMF possess higher absorption, faster carrier transportation and lower recombination that are responsible for photovoltaic application.

This work presents a novel handheld mastitis detection device for detecting mastitis in dairy cattle, as well as a cattle management information system for managing cattle health information. The management information system comprises of three major subsystems—a mastitis detection device, an information display device, and a cloud database. The mastitis detection device detects and evaluates the degree of mastitis immediately before milking operations are carried out. The information display device shows the health information of the dairy cattle obtained from a cloud database and the database manages the milk production of a dairy farm. The combination of these two devices helps the dairy farmer to verify the mastitis of cattle effectively and find its health information rapidly.

The development of hole-transport layers (HTLs) that elevate charge extraction, improve perovskite crystallinity, and decrease interfacial recombination is extremely important for enhancing the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, the nanoporous nickel oxide (NiOx) layer as well as NiOx thin film was prepared via chemical bath deposition as the HTL. The sponge-like structure of the nanoporous NiOx helps to grow a pinhole-free perovskite film with a larger grain size compared to the NiOx thin film. The downshifted valence band of the nanoporous NiOx HTL can improve hole extraction from the perovskite absorbing layer. The device based on the nanoporous NiOx layer showed the highest efficiency of 13.43% and negligible hysteresis that was better than the one using the NiOx thin film as the HTL. Moreover, the PSCs sustained 80% of their initial efficiency after 50 days of storage. This study provides a powerful strategy to design PSCs with high efficiency and long-term stability for future production.

We realized a single-mode laser with an ultra-high quality factor in individual cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) perovskite micro-hemispheres fabricated by chemical vapor deposition. A series of lasing property analysis based on cavity size was reported under this material system. Due to good optical confinement capability of the whispering gallery resonant cavity and high optical gain of CsPbBr3 perovskite micro-hemispheres, single-mode lasing behavior was achieved with an ultra-high quality factor as large as 11,460 at room temperature. To study in detail the physical effects between lasing threshold and cavity, a set of cavity size dependence photoluminescence analyses were performed. We found that the lasing threshold increases while the cavity size decreases. Time-resolved PL analysis was conducted to confirm the relation between cavity size and lasing threshold. The larger cavity stands for longer PL lifetime and indicates easier-to-achieve carrier population inversion. Strong Purcell enhancement could be further investigated by the spontaneous emission coupling factor β and internal quantum efficiency as a function of cavity size. A high β-factor of 0.37 could be obtained from a 2.2 μm diameter hemisphere microcavity and a high Purcell factor of 14 in a 1.9 μm diameter hemisphere microcavity showing strong Purcell enhancement effect in our system.

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ear-10.1177_01455613211033689 for Epiglottitis in Patients With Preexisting Autoimmune Diseases: A Nationwide Case–Control Study in Taiwan by Cheng-Ming Hsu, Ming-Shao Tsai, Yao-Hsu Yang, Ko-Ming Lin, Yun-Ting Wang, Shu-Yi Huang, Meng-Hung Lin, Ethan I. Huang, Geng-He Chang, Chia-Yen Liu and Yao-Te Tsai in Ear, Nose & Throat Journal

In ferroelectric materials, spontaneous symmetry breaking leads to a switchable electric polarization, which offers significant promise for nonvolatile memories. In particular, ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) have emerged as a new resistive switching memory which exploits polarization-dependent tunnel current across a thin ferroelectric barrier. This work integrates FTJs with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-compatible Zr-doped HfO2 (Zr:HfO2) ferroelectric barriers of just 1 nm thickness, grown by atomic layer deposition on silicon. These 1 nm Zr:HfO2 tunnel junctions exhibit large polarization-driven electroresistance (>20 000%), the largest value reported for HfO2-based FTJs. In addition, due to just a 1 nm ferroelectric barrier, these junctions provide large tunneling current (>1 A cm−2) at low read voltage, orders of magnitude larger than reported thicker HfO2-based FTJs. Therefore, this proof-of-principle demonstration provides an approach to simultaneously overcome three major drawbacks of prototypical FTJs: a Si-compatible ultrathin ferroelectric, large electroresistance, and large read current for high-speedoperation.

BackgroundThere is increasing evidence that adipocytes play an active role in the cancer microenvironment. We have previously reported that adipocytes interact with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, contributing to chemotherapy resistance and treatment failure. In the present study, we investigated whether part of this resistance is due to adipocyte provision of lipids to ALL cells.MethodsWe cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and tested whether ALL cells or ALL-released cytokines induced FFA release. We investigated whether ALL cells took up these FFA, and using fluorescent tagged BODIPY-FFA and lipidomics, evaluated which lipid moieties were being transferred from adipocytes to ALL. We evaluated the effects of adipocyte-derived lipids on ALL cell metabolism using a Seahorse XF analyzer and expression of enzymes important for lipid metabolism, and tested whether these lipids could protect ALL cells from chemotherapy. Finally, we evaluated a panel of lipid synthesis and metabolism inhibitors to determine which were affected by the presence of adipocytes.ResultsAdipocytes release free fatty acids (FFA) when in the presence of ALL cells. These FFA are taken up by the ALL cells and incorporated into triglycerides and phospholipids. Some of these lipids are stored in lipid droplets, which can be utilized in states of fuel deprivation. Adipocytes preferentially release monounsaturated FFA, and this can be attenuated by inhibiting the desaturating enzyme steroyl-CoA decarboxylase-1 (SCD1). Adipocyte-derived FFA can relieve ALL cell endogenous lipogenesis and reverse the cytotoxicity of pharmacological acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibition. Further, adipocytes alter ALL cell metabolism, shifting them from glucose to FFA oxidation. Interestingly, the unsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid, protects ALL cells from modest concentrations of chemotherapy, such as those that might be present in the ALL microenvironment. In addition, targeting lipid synthesis and metabolism can potentially reverse adipocyte protection of ALL cells.ConclusionThese findings uncover a previously unidentified interaction between ALL cells and adipocytes, leading to transfer of FFA for use as a metabolic fuel and macromolecule building block. This interaction may contribute to ALL resistance to chemotherapy, and could potentially be targeted to improve ALL treatment outcome.

In this paper, we report SiO2 capped Zinc Oxide nanorod array (SiO2 capped-ZnO NAs) for enhancing UV random lasing emissions at room temperature. A simple method chemical bath deposition (CBD) under optimum conditions was used to from vertically aligned ZnO NAs on glass substrate at room temperature. The random lasing emission intensity increased 30 times compared to bare ZnO NAs (without SiO2) at the same pump power. The best sample with 100 nm of SiO2 capping showed superior lasing, whereby the random lasing peaks almost suppressed the spontaneous emission peak completely. This enhancement was attributed to improved light confinement inside the ZnO NAs resonators which increases the performance of the stimulated light emission within the gain medium. To further understand the mechanism behind the enhanced lasing properties, a numerical simulation using finite-element method was performed. The simulation results showed SiO2 capped-ZnO nanorod lead to an enhancement of light confinement within the resonators.

Most current flame-retardant nanocoatings for flexible polyurethane foam (PUF) consist of passive barriers, such as clay, graphene oxide, or metal hydroxide. In an effort to develop a polymeric and environmentally benign nanocoating for PUF, positively charged chitosan (CH) and anionic sodium hexametaphosphate (PSP) were deposited using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. Only six bilayers of CH/PSP film can withstand flame penetration during exposure to a butane torch (∼1400 °C) for 10 s and stop flame spread on the foam. Additionally, cone calorimetry reveals that the fire growth rate, peak heat release rate, and maximum average rate of heat emission are reduced by 55, 43, and 38%, respectively, compared with uncoated foam. This multilayer thin film quickly dehydrates to form an intumescent charred exoskeleton on the surface of the open-celled structure of polyurethane, inhibiting heat transfer and completely eliminating melt dripping. This entirely polymeric nanocoating provides a safe and effective alternative for reducing the fire hazard of polyurethane foam that is widely used for cushioning and insulation.

We report the CsPbI

Lead-halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are receiving much attention as a potential high-quality source of photons due to their superior luminescence properties in comparison to other semiconductor NCs. To date, research has focused mostly on NCs with little or no quantum confinement. Here, we measured the size- and temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) from strongly confined CsPbBr

We construct the ZnO-based superluminescent light-emitting diodes (SLEDs) by spin-coating ZnO nano-particles onto p-GaN/sapphire substrate. By inserting another thin Al layer to form an n-ZnO/Al/n-ZnO/p-GaN sandwich structured SLD, the intensities of the photoluminescence and electroluminescence were greatly enhanced, which can be attributed to the surface plasmon resonance of this Al layer. The tendency of the intensities of the entire electroluminescence spectra shows a super-linearly behavior with increasing the forward bias. Besides, the spectral bandwidth is narrowed down enormously owing to the achievement of the SLD. Furthermore, the interfacial emissions between ZnO/GaN are effectively suppressed by partially oxidizing the Al layer.