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1. Learning-based reconstruction of FRI signals

Author

Leung, VCH, Huang, J-J, Eldar, YC, and Dragotti, PL

Abstract

Finite Rate of Innovation (FRI) sampling theory enables reconstruction of classes of continuous non-bandlimited signals that have a small number of free parameters from their low-rate discrete samples. This task is often translated into a spectral estimation problem that is solved using methods involving estimating signal subspaces, which tend to break down at a certain peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). To avoid this breakdown, we consider alternative approaches that make use of information from labelled data. We propose two model-based learning methods, including deep unfolding the denoising process in spectral estimation, and constructing an encoder-decoder deep neural network that models the acquisition process. Simulation results of both learning algorithms indicate significant improvements of the breakdown PSNR over classical subspace-based methods. While the deep unfolded network achieves similar performance as the classical FRI techniques and outperforms the encoder-decoder network in the low noise regimes, the latter allows to reconstruct the FRI signal even when the sampling kernel is unknown. We also achieve competitive results in detecting pulses from in vivo calcium imaging data in terms of true positive and false positive rate while providing more precise estimations.

Published
2023

2. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Author

Bourne R. R. A., Steinmetz J. D., Saylan M., Mersha A. M., Weldemariam A. H., Wondmeneh T. G., Sreeramareddy C. T., Pinheiro M., Yaseri M., Yu C., Zastrozhin M. S., Zastrozhina A., Zhang Z. -J., Zimsen S. R. M., Yonemoto N., Tsegaye G. W., Vu G. T., Vongpradith A., Renzaho A. M. N., Sorrie M. B., Shaheen A. A., Shiferaw W. S., Skryabin V. Y., Skryabina A. A., Saya G. K., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Shigematsu M., Sahraian M. A., Naderifar H., Sabour S., Rathi P., Sathian B., Miller T. R., Rezapour A., Rawal L., Pham H. Q., Parekh U., Podder V., Onwujekwe O. E., Pasovic M., Otstavnov N., Negash H., Pawar S., Naimzada M. D., Al Montasir A., Ogbo F. A., Owolabi M. O., Pakshir K., Mohammad Y., Moni M. A., Nunez-Samudio V., Mulaw G. F., Naveed M., Maleki S., Michalek I. M., Misra S., Swamy S. N., Mohammed J. A., Flaxman S., Park E. -C., Briant P. S., Meles G. G., Hayat K., Landires I., Kim G. R., Liu X., LeGrand K. E., Taylor H. R., Kunjathur S. M., Khoja T. A. M., Bicer B. K., Khalilov R., Hashi A., Kayode G. A., Carneiro V. L. A., Kavetskyy T., Kosen S., Kulkarni V., Holla R., Kalhor R., Jayaram S., Islam S. M. S., Gilani S. A., Eskandarieh S., Molla M. D., Itumalla R., Farzadfar F., Congdon N. G., Elhabashy H. R., Elayedath R., Couto R. A. S., Dervenis N., Cromwell E. A., Dahlawi S. M. A., Resnikoff S., Casson R. J., Abdoli A., Choi J. -Y. J., Dos Santos F. L. C., Abrha W. A., Nagaraja S. B., Abualhasan A., Adal T. G., Aregawi B. B., Beheshti M., Abu-Gharbieh E., Afshin A., Ahmadieh H., Alemzadeh S. A., Arrigo A., Atnafu D. D., Ashbaugh C., Ashrafi E., Alemayehu W., Alfaar A. S., Alipour V., Anbesu E. W., Androudi S., Arabloo J., Arditi A., Bagli E., Baig A. A., Barnighausen T. W., Battaglia Parodi M., Bhagavathula A. S., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhattacharyya K., Bijani A., Bikbov M., Bottone M., Braithwaite T., Bron A. M., Butt Z. A., Cheng C. -Y., Chu D. -T., Cicinelli M. V., Coelho J. M., Dai X., Dana R., Dandona L., Dandona R., Del Monte M. A., Deva J. P., Diaz D., Djalalinia S., Dreer L. E., Ehrlich J. R., Ellwein L. B., Emamian M. H., Fernandes A. G., Fischer F., Friedman D. S., Furtado J. M., Gaidhane S., Gazzard G., Gebremichael B., George R., Ghashghaee A., Golechha M., Hamidi S., Hammond B. R., Hartnett M. E. R., Hartono R. K., Hay S. I., Heidari G., Ho H. C., Househ M., Ibitoye S. E., Ilic I. M., Huang J. J., Ilic M. D., Ingram A. D., Irvani S. S. N., Jha R. P., Kahloun R., Kandel H., Kasa A. S., Kempen J. H., Khairallah M., Khan E. A., Khanna R. C., Khatib M. N., Kim J. E., Kim Y. J., Kisa A., Kisa S., Koyanagi A., Kurmi O. P., Lansingh V. C., Leasher J. L., Leveziel N., Limburg H., Manafi N., Mansouri K., McAlinden C., Mohammadi S. F., Mokdad A. H., Morse A. R., Naderi M., Naidoo K. S., Nangia V., Nguyen H. L. T., Ogundimu K., Olagunju A. T., Panda-Jonas S., Pesudovs K., Peto T., Ur Rahman M. H., Ramulu P. Y., Rawaf D. L., Rawaf S., Reinig N., Robin A. L., Rossetti L., Safi S., Sahebkar A., Samy A. M., Serle J. B., Shaikh M. A., Shen T. T., Shibuya K., Shin J. I., Silva J. C., Silvester A., Singh J. A., Singhal D., Sitorus R. S., Skiadaresi E., Soheili A., Sousa R. A. R. C., Stambolian D., Tadesse E. G., Tahhan N., Tareque Md. I., Topouzis F., Tran B. X., Tsilimbaris M. K., Varma R., Virgili G., Wang N., Wang Y. X., West S. K., Wong T. Y., Jonas J. B., Vos T., Bourne, R. R. A., Steinmetz, J. D., Saylan, M., Mersha, A. M., Weldemariam, A. H., Wondmeneh, T. G., Sreeramareddy, C. T., Pinheiro, M., Yaseri, M., Yu, C., Zastrozhin, M. S., Zastrozhina, A., Zhang, Z. -J., Zimsen, S. R. M., Yonemoto, N., Tsegaye, G. W., Vu, G. T., Vongpradith, A., Renzaho, A. M. N., Sorrie, M. B., Shaheen, A. A., Shiferaw, W. S., Skryabin, V. Y., Skryabina, A. A., Saya, G. K., Rahimi-Movaghar, V., Shigematsu, M., Sahraian, M. A., Naderifar, H., Sabour, S., Rathi, P., Sathian, B., Miller, T. R., Rezapour, A., Rawal, L., Pham, H. Q., Parekh, U., Podder, V., Onwujekwe, O. E., Pasovic, M., Otstavnov, N., Negash, H., Pawar, S., Naimzada, M. D., Al Montasir, A., Ogbo, F. A., Owolabi, M. O., Pakshir, K., Mohammad, Y., Moni, M. A., Nunez-Samudio, V., Mulaw, G. F., Naveed, M., Maleki, S., Michalek, I. M., Misra, S., Swamy, S. N., Mohammed, J. A., Flaxman, S., Park, E. -C., Briant, P. S., Meles, G. G., Hayat, K., Landires, I., Kim, G. R., Liu, X., Legrand, K. E., Taylor, H. R., Kunjathur, S. M., Khoja, T. A. M., Bicer, B. K., Khalilov, R., Hashi, A., Kayode, G. A., Carneiro, V. L. A., Kavetskyy, T., Kosen, S., Kulkarni, V., Holla, R., Kalhor, R., Jayaram, S., Islam, S. M. S., Gilani, S. A., Eskandarieh, S., Molla, M. D., Itumalla, R., Farzadfar, F., Congdon, N. G., Elhabashy, H. R., Elayedath, R., Couto, R. A. S., Dervenis, N., Cromwell, E. A., Dahlawi, S. M. A., Resnikoff, S., Casson, R. J., Abdoli, A., Choi, J. -Y. J., Dos Santos, F. L. C., Abrha, W. A., Nagaraja, S. B., Abualhasan, A., Adal, T. G., Aregawi, B. B., Beheshti, M., Abu-Gharbieh, E., Afshin, A., Ahmadieh, H., Alemzadeh, S. A., Arrigo, A., Atnafu, D. D., Ashbaugh, C., Ashrafi, E., Alemayehu, W., Alfaar, A. S., Alipour, V., Anbesu, E. W., Androudi, S., Arabloo, J., Arditi, A., Bagli, E., Baig, A. A., Barnighausen, T. W., Battaglia Parodi, M., Bhagavathula, A. S., Bhardwaj, N., Bhardwaj, P., Bhattacharyya, K., Bijani, A., Bikbov, M., Bottone, M., Braithwaite, T., Bron, A. M., Butt, Z. A., Cheng, C. -Y., Chu, D. -T., Cicinelli, M. V., Coelho, J. M., Dai, X., Dana, R., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Del Monte, M. A., Deva, J. P., Diaz, D., Djalalinia, S., Dreer, L. E., Ehrlich, J. R., Ellwein, L. B., Emamian, M. H., Fernandes, A. G., Fischer, F., Friedman, D. S., Furtado, J. M., Gaidhane, S., Gazzard, G., Gebremichael, B., George, R., Ghashghaee, A., Golechha, M., Hamidi, S., Hammond, B. R., Hartnett, M. E. R., Hartono, R. K., Hay, S. I., Heidari, G., Ho, H. C., Househ, M., Ibitoye, S. E., Ilic, I. M., Huang, J. J., Ilic, M. D., Ingram, A. D., Irvani, S. S. N., Jha, R. P., Kahloun, R., Kandel, H., Kasa, A. S., Kempen, J. H., Khairallah, M., Khan, E. A., Khanna, R. C., Khatib, M. N., Kim, J. E., Kim, Y. J., Kisa, A., Kisa, S., Koyanagi, A., Kurmi, O. P., Lansingh, V. C., Leasher, J. L., Leveziel, N., Limburg, H., Manafi, N., Mansouri, K., Mcalinden, C., Mohammadi, S. F., Mokdad, A. H., Morse, A. R., Naderi, M., Naidoo, K. S., Nangia, V., Nguyen, H. L. T., Ogundimu, K., Olagunju, A. T., Panda-Jonas, S., Pesudovs, K., Peto, T., Ur Rahman, M. H., Ramulu, P. Y., Rawaf, D. L., Rawaf, S., Reinig, N., Robin, A. L., Rossetti, L., Safi, S., Sahebkar, A., Samy, A. M., Serle, J. B., Shaikh, M. A., Shen, T. T., Shibuya, K., Shin, J. I., Silva, J. C., Silvester, A., Singh, J. A., Singhal, D., Sitorus, R. S., Skiadaresi, E., Soheili, A., Sousa, R. A. R. C., Stambolian, D., Tadesse, E. G., Tahhan, N., Tareque, Md. I., Topouzis, F., Tran, B. X., Tsilimbaris, M. K., Varma, R., Virgili, G., Wang, N., Wang, Y. X., West, S. K., Wong, T. Y., Jonas, J. B., Vos, T., University of Washington [Seattle], Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), Imperial College London, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg University, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Aksum University, Cairo University, University of Sharjah, Wolkite University, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences [Tehran] (SBUMS), Shahid Beheshti University, The Fred Hollows Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, University of Leipzig Medical Center, University of Thessaly [Volos] (UTH), Visibility Metrics LLC, Adigrat University, San Raffaele Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Bahir Dar University (BDU), University Hospital of Ioannina, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Universita Vita Salute San Raffaele = Vita-Salute San Raffaele University [Milan, Italie] (UniSR), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Government Medical College Pali, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Ufa Eye Research Institute, ondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Service d'Ophtalmologie (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Employee State Insurance Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, University of Minho, University of Adelaide, Singapore Eye Research Institute [Singapore] (SERI), Seoul National University Hospital, Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute [Milan, Italie], University of Porto, Queen's University [Belfast] (QUB), University of Dammam - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Harvard University, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, University of Gondar, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Ministry of Health and Medical Education [Iran] (MOHME), Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo (Unifesp), University of Applied Sciences Ravensburg-Weingarten, University of São Paulo (USP), Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, University College of London [London] (UCL), Haramaya University, Sankara Nethralaya Medical Research Foundation, The University of Lahore, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, University of Georgia, University of Utah, Institution of Public Health Sciences, Jigjiga Universit, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Independent Consultant, The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Manipal academy of Higher Education, Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Yale University [New Haven], University of Ibadan, University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Faculty of Science of the University of Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia, Deakin University [Burwood], University of Hail, Mysore Medical College, Banaras Hindu University [Varanasi] (BHU), Ophtalmologistes Associe Monastir, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (KUL), Institute of Human Virology [Nigeria] (IHVN), Myungsung Medical College, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Fattouma Bourguiba, Partenaires INRAE, Baku State University, Health Services Academy, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Health Ministers Council Gulf Cooperative Council Stat, Medical College of Wisconsin [Milwaukee] (MCW), Xiamen University Malaysia, Yonsei University, Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet), School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Brien Holden Vision Institute, Fondation Théa, The Fred Hollows Foundation, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Lions Clubs International Foundation, Sightsavers International, and University of Heidelberg., and GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators* on behalf of the Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study.

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Refractive error, Visual acuity, genetic structures, Eye disease, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, Glaucoma, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, education, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Articles, General Medicine, Diabetic retinopathy, Macular degeneration, medicine.disease, eye diseases, 3. Good health, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Background: Many causes of vision impairment can be prevented or treated. With an ageing global population, the demands for eye health services are increasing. We estimated the prevalence and relative contribution of avoidable causes of blindness and vision impairment globally from 1990 to 2020. We aimed to compare the results with the World Health Assembly Global Action Plan (WHA GAP) target of a 25% global reduction from 2010 to 2019 in avoidable vision impairment, defined as cataract and undercorrected refractive error. Methods: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate prevalence (with 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from

Published
2021

3. Analysis of a tau neutrino origin for the near-horizon air shower events observed by the fourth flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna

Author

Prechelt, R., Wissel, S. A., Romero-Wolf, A., Burch, C., Gorham, P. W., Allison, P., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Banerjee, O., Batten, L., Beatty, J. J., Belov, K., Besson, D. Z., Binns, W. R., Bugaev, V., Cao, P., Carvalho Jr., W., Chen, C. H., Chen, P., Chen, Y., Clem, J. M., Connolly, A., Cremonesi, L., Dailey, B., Deaconu, C., Dowkontt, P. F., Fox, B. D., Gordon, J. W. H., Hast, C., Hill, B., Hsu, S. Y., Huang, J. J., Hughes, K., Hupe, R., Israel, M. H., Liewer, K. M., Liu, T. C., Ludwig, A. B., Macchiarulo, L., Matsuno, S., McBride, K., Miki, C., Mulrey, K., Nam, J., Naudet, C., Nichol, R. J., Novikov, A., Oberla, E., Prohira, S., Rauch, B. F., Ripa, J., Roberts, J. M., Rotter, B., Russell, J. W., Saltzberg, D., Seckel, D., Schoorlemmer, H., Shiao, J., Stafford, S., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Strutt, B., Sutherland, M. S., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, N., Wang, S. H., Zas, E., and Zeolla, A.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We study in detail the sensitivity of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) to possible $\nu_\tau$ point source fluxes detected via $\tau$-lepton-induced air showers. This investigation is framed around the observation of four upward-going extensive air shower events very close to the horizon seen in ANITA-IV. We find that these four upgoing events are not observationally inconsistent with $\tau$-induced EASs from Earth-skimming $\nu_\tau$, both in their spectral properties as well as in their observed locations on the sky. These four events, as well as the overall diffuse and point source exposure to Earth-skimming $\nu_\tau$, are also compared against published ultrahigh-energy neutrino limits from the Pierre Auger Observatory. While none of these four events occurred at sky locations simultaneously visible by Auger, the implied fluence necessary for ANITA to observe these events is in strong tension with limits set by Auger across a wide range of energies and is additionally in tension with ANITA's Askaryan in-ice neutrino channel above $10^{19}$ eV. We conclude by discussing some of the technical challenges with simulating and analyzing these near horizon events and the potential for future observatories to observe similar events., Comment: 19 pages, 22 figures, will be published in Physical Review D (PRD)

Published
2022

4. A low-threshold ultrahigh-energy neutrino search with the Askaryan Radio Array

Author

Allison, P., Archambault, S., Beatty, J. J., Besson, D. Z., Bishop, A., Chen, C. C., Chen, C. H., Chen, P., Chen, Y. C., Clark, B. A., Clay, W., Connolly, A., Cremonesi, L., Dasgupta, P., Davies, J., de Kockere, S., de Vries, K. D., Deaconu, C., DuVernois, M. A., Flaherty, J., Friedman, E., Gaior, R., Hanson, J., Harty, N., Hendricks, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hsu, S. Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. J., Huang, M. -H., Hughes, K., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kim, K. -C., Kim, M. -C., Kravchenko, I., Krebs, R., Ku, Y., Kuo, C. Y., Kurusu, K., Landsman, H., Latif, U. A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T. -C., Lu, M. -Y., Madison, B., Madison, K., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Novikov, A., Nozdrina, A., Oberla, E., Osborn, J., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Punsuebsay, N., Roth, J., Seckel, D., Seikh, M. F. H., Shiao, Y. -S., Shultz, A., Smith, D., Toscano, S., Torres, J., Touart, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Wang, Y. H., Wissel, S. A., Xie, C., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Elementary Particle Physics, and Physics

Subjects
astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), astro-ph.IM
Abstract

In the pursuit of the measurement of the still-elusive ultrahigh-energy (UHE) neutrino flux at energies of order EeV, detectors using the in-ice Askaryan radio technique have increasingly targeted lower trigger thresholds. This has led to improved trigger-level sensitivity to UHE neutrinos. Working with data collected by the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA), we search for neutrino candidates at the lowest threshold achieved to date, leading to improved analysis-level sensitivities. A neutrino search on a data set with 208.7~days of livetime from the reduced-threshold fifth ARA station is performed, achieving a 68\% analysis efficiency over all energies on a simulated mixed-composition neutrino flux with an expected background of $0.10_{-0.04}^{+0.06}$ events passing the analysis. We observe one event passing our analysis and proceed to set a neutrino flux limit using a Feldman-Cousins construction. We show that the improved trigger-level sensitivity can be carried through an analysis, motivating the Phased Array triggering technique for use in future radio-detection experiments. We also include a projection using all available data from this detector. Finally, we find that future analyses will benefit from studies of events near the surface to fully understand the background expected for a large-scale detector., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures

Published
2022
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5. Triboelectric Backgrounds to radio-based UHE Neutrino Exeperiments

Author

Aguilar, J. A., Anker, A., Allison, P., Archambault, S., Baldi, P., Barwick, S. W., Beatty, J. J., Beise, J., Besson, D., Bishop, A., Bondarev, E., Botner, O., Bouma, S., Buitink, S., Cataldo, M., Chen, C. C., Chen, C. H., Chen, P., Chen, Y. C., Clark, B. A., Clay, W., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., Connolly, A., Dasgupta, P., de Kockere, S., de Vries, K. D., Deaconu, C., DuVernois, M. A., Flaherty, J., Friedman, E., Gaior, R., Gaswint, G., Glaser, C., Hallgren, A., Hallmann, S., Hanson, J. C., Harty, N., Hendricks, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hornhuber, C., Hsu, S. Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. J., Huang, M. -H., Hughes, K., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Klein, S. R., Kleinfelder, S. A., Kim, K. -C., Kim, M. -C., Kravchenko, I., Krebs, R., Ku, Y., Kuo, C. Y., Kurusu, K., Lahmann, R., Landsman, H., Latif, U., Li, C. -J., Liu, J., Liu, T. -C., Lu, M. -Y., Madison, K., Mammo, J., Mase, K., McAleer, S., Meures, T., Meyers, Z. S., Michaels, K., Mikhailova, M., Mulrey, K., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nelles, A., Novikov, A., Nozdrina, A., Oberla, E., Oeyen, B., Osborn, J., Pan, Y., Pandya, H., Paul, M. P., Persichilli, C., Plaisier, I., Punsuebsay, N., Pyras, L., Rice-Smith, R., Roth, J., Ryckbosch, D., Scholten, O., Seckel, D., Seikh, M. F. H., Shiao, Y. -S., Smith, D., Southall, D., Tatar, J., Torres, J., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Touart, J., Broeck, D. J. Van Den, van Eijndhoven, N., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H, Wang, Y. H., Welling, C., Williams, D. R., Wissel, S., Xie, C., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Zhao, L., and Zink, A.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The proposed IceCube-Gen2 (ICG2) seeks to instrument ~500 sq. km of Antarctic ice near the geographic South Pole with radio antennas, in order to observe the highest energy (E>1 EeV) neutrinos in the Universe. To this end, ICG2 will use the impulsive radio-frequency (RF) signal produced by neutrino interactions in polar ice caps. In such experiments, rare single event candidates must be unambiguously separated from background; to date, signal identification strategies primarily reject thermal noise and anthropogenic backgrounds. Here, we consider the possibility that fake neutrino signals may also be naturally generated via the 'triboelectric effect'. This broadly includes any process in which force applied at a boundary layer results in displacement of surface charge, generating a potential difference {\Delta}V. Wind blowing over granular surfaces such as snow can induce such a {\Delta}V, with subsequent discharge. Discharges over nanosecond-timescales can then lead to RF emissions at characteristic MHz-GHz frequencies. We find that such backgrounds are evident in the several neutrino experiments considered, and are generally characterized by: a) a threshold wind velocity which likely depends on the experimental signal trigger threshold and layout; for the experiments considered herein, this value is typically O(10 m/s), b) frequency spectra generally shifted to the low-end of the frequency regime to which current radio experiments are typically sensitive (100-200 MHz), c) for the strongest background signals, an apparent preference for discharges from above-surface structures, although the presence of more isotropic, lower amplitude triboelectric discharges cannot be excluded.

Published
2021
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6. Unusual Near-Horizon Cosmic-Ray-like Events Observed by ANITA-IV

Author

ANITA Collaboration, Gorham, P. W., Ludwig, A., Deaconu, C., Cao, P., Allison, P., Banerjee, O., Batten, L., Bhattacharya, D., Beatty, J. J., Belov, K., Binns, W. R., Bugaev, V., Chen, C. H., Chen, P., Chen, Y., Clem, J. M., Cremonesi, L., Dailey, B., Dowkontt, P. F., Fox, B. D., Gordon, J. W. H., Hast, C., Hill, B., Hsu, S. Y., Huang, J. J., Hughes, K., Hupe, R., Israel, M. H., Liu, T. C., Macchiarulo, L., Matsuno, S., McBride, K., Miki, C., Nam, J., Naudet, C. J., Nichol, R. J., Novikov, A., Oberla, E., Olmedo, M., Prechelt, R., Prohira, S., Rauch, B. F., Roberts, J. M., Romero-Wolf, A., Rotter, B., Russell, J. W., Saltzberg, D., Seckel, D., Schoorlemmer, H., Shiao, J., Stafford, S., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Strutt, B., Sutherland, M. S., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, S. H., and Wissel, S. A.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Polarity (physics), Horizon, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Reflection (physics), Ice sheet, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010306 general physics
Abstract

ANITA's fourth long-duration balloon flight in late 2016 detected 29 cosmic-ray (CR)-like events on a background of $0.37^{+0.27}_{-0.17}$ anthropogenic events. CRs are mainly seen in reflection off the Antarctic ice sheets, creating a characteristic phase-inverted waveform polarity. However, four of the below-horizon CR-like events show anomalous non-inverted polarity, a $p = 5.3 \times 10^{-4}$ chance if due to background. All anomalous events are from locations near the horizon; ANITA-IV observed no steeply-upcoming anomalous events similar to the two such events seen in prior flights., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters. Supplemental material (reference 17) available from corresponding author

Published
2020

7. White Paper: ARIANNA-200 high energy neutrino telescope

Author

Anker, A., Baldi, P., Barwick, S. W., Bergman, D., Bernhoff, H., Besson, D. Z., Bingefors, N., Botner, O., Chen, P., Chen, Y., García-Fernández, D., Gaswint, G., Glaser, C., Hallgren, A., Hanson, J. C., Huang, J. J., Klein, S. R., Kleinfelder, S. A., Kuo, C. -Y., Lahmann, R., Latif, U., Liu, T., Lyu, Y., McAleer, S., Nam, J., Novikov, A., Nelles, A., Paul, M. P., Persichilli, C., Plaisier, I., Shiao, J. Y., Tatar, J., Van Vliet, A., Wang, S. -H., Wang, Y. -H., and Welling, C.

Subjects
neutrino: energy: high, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, UHE [cosmic radiation], ice, FOS: Physical sciences, Baikal, triangulation, IceCube, particle source [neutrino], muon, site, showers: electromagnetic, surface, thrust, cosmic radiation: UHE, energy: high [neutrino], cosmic radiation: acceleration, detector [neutrino], KM3NeT, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), neutrino: interaction, radio wave, cosmic radiation: energy spectrum, background, interaction [neutrino], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, neutrino: particle source, sensitivity, electromagnetic [showers], Auger, neutrino: detector, ARIANNA, acceleration [cosmic radiation], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, energy spectrum [cosmic radiation]
Abstract

The proposed ARIANNA-200 neutrino detector, located at sea-level on the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica, consists of 200 autonomous and independent detector stations separated by 1 kilometer in a uniform triangular mesh, and serves as a pathfinder mission for the future IceCube-Gen2 project. The primary science mission of ARIANNA-200 is to search for sources of neutrinos with energies greater than 10^17 eV, complementing the reach of IceCube. An ARIANNA observation of a neutrino source would provide strong insight into the enigmatic sources of cosmic rays. ARIANNA observes the radio emission from high energy neutrino interactions in the Antarctic ice. Among radio based concepts under current investigation, ARIANNA-200 would uniquely survey the vast majority of the southern sky at any instant in time, and an important region of the northern sky, by virtue of its location on the surface of the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica. The broad sky coverage is specific to the Moore's Bay site, and makes ARIANNA-200 ideally suited to contribute to the multi-messenger thrust by the US National Science Foundation, Windows on the Universe - Multi-Messenger Astrophysics, providing capabilities to observe explosive sources from unknown directions. The ARIANNA architecture is designed to measure the angular direction to within 3 degrees for every neutrino candidate, which too plays an important role in the pursuit of multi-messenger observations of astrophysical sources.

Published
2020
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8. Recent Results from The Askaryan Radio Array

Author

ARA Collaboration, Allison, P., Archambault, S., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Chen, C. -C., Chen, C. -H., Chen, P., Clark, B., Clough, A., Connolly, A., Davies, J., Deaconu, C., DuVernois, M. A., Fender, C., Friedman, E., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hsu, S. -Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. -J., Huang, M. -H., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, M., Kravchenko, I., Kruse, J., Kurusu, K., Landsman, H., Latif, U. A., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T. C., Lu, M. -Y., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Oberla, E., O'Murchadha, A., Pan, Y., Ratzlaff, K., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S., Shultz, A., Song, M., Touart, J., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Wissel, S. A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrino telescope at the South Pole consisting of an array of radio antennas aimed at detecting the Askaryan radiation produced by neutrino interactions in the ice. Currently, the experiment has five stations in operation that have been deployed in stages since 2012. This contribution focuses on the development of a search for a diffuse flux of neutrinos in two ARA stations (A2 and A3) from 2013-2016. A background of $\sim 0.01-0.02$ events is expected in one station in each of two search channels in horizontal- and vertical-polarizations. The expected new constraints on the flux of ultra-high energy neutrinos based on four years of analysis with two stations improve on the previous limits set by ARA by a factor of about two. The projected sensitivity of ARA's five-station dataset is beginning to be competitive with other neutrino telescopes at high energies near $10^{10.5}\,$GeV., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, prepared for proceedings for the International Cosmic Ray Conference, Madison, WI, 2019

Published
2019
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9. UBAT of UFFO/Lomonosov: The X-Ray Space Telescope to Observe Early Photons from Gamma-Ray Bursts

Author

Jeong, S., Panasyuk, M. I., Reglero, V., Connell, P., Kim, M. B., Lee, J., Rodrigo, J. M., Ripa, J., Eyles, C., Lim, H., Gaikov, G., Jeong, H., Leonov, V., Chen, P., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Nam, J. W., Svertilov, S., Yashin, I., Garipov, G., Huang, M. -H. A., Huang, J. -J., Kim, J. E., Liu, T.-C., Petrov, V., Bogomolov, V., Budtz-Jørgensen, C., Brandt, S., Park, I. H., National Research Foundation of Korea, Russian Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, National Science Council (Taiwan), and Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China

Subjects
Lomonosov, Gamma Ray Burst, YSO, UFFO, Coded mask
Abstract

Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO) Burst Alert and Trigger Telescope (UBAT) has been designed and built for the localization of transient X-ray sources such as Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). As one of main instruments in the UFFO payload onboard the Lomonosov satellite (hereafter UFFO/Lomonosov), the UBAT’s roles are to monitor the X-ray sky, to rapidly locate and track transient sources, and to trigger the slewing of a UV/optical telescope, namely Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT). The SMT, a pioneering application of rapid slewing mirror technology has a line of sight parallel to the UBAT, allowing us to measure the early UV/optical GRB counterpart and study the extremely early moments of GRB evolution. To detect X-rays, the UBAT utilizes a 191.1 cm scintillation detector composed of Yttrium Oxyorthosilicate (YSO) crystals, Multi-Anode Photomultiplier Tubes (MAPMTs), and associated electronics. To estimate a direction vector of a GRB source in its field of view, it employs the well-known coded aperture mask technique. All functions are written for implementation on a field programmable gate array to enable fast triggering and to run the device’s imaging algorithms. The UFFO/Lomonosov satellite was launched on April 28, 2016, and is now collecting GRB observation data. In this study, we describe the UBAT’s design, fabrication, integration, and performance as a GRB X-ray trigger and localization telescope, both on the ground and in space. The Korean work is supported by the National Research Foundation grants funded by MSIP of Korea (Creative Research Initiatives program for RCMST, No. 2015R1A2A1A01006870, and No. 2015R1A2A1A15055344). SJ acknowledges the support of the Korea Basic Science Research Program through NRF-2015R1D1A4A01020961. MBK acknowledges support from the NRF-2015-Global Ph.D. Fellowship Program in Korea. The Russian work was partially supported by ROSCOSMOS grants and by RFFI grants No. 13-02-12175 and No. 15-35-21038 and also acknowledges support from the Development Program of Lomonosov Moscow State University. AJCT acknowledges support from the Spanish MINECO Projects AYA 2009-14000-C03-01/ESP and AYA 201571718R (including EU/FEDER funds). The Taiwan authors thank Taiwan's National Science Council Vanguard Program (100-2119-M-002-025) as well as the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) for its funding (104-2811-M-002-160). We also acknowledge the support of the National Space Organization (NSPO) of Taiwan.

Published
2018

10. UFFO/Lomonosov: The Payload for the Observation of Early Photons from Gamma Ray Bursts

Author

Park, I. H., Panasyuk, M. I., Reglero, V., Chen, P., Castro-Tirado, Alberto J., Jeong, S., Bogomolov, V., Brandt, S., Budtz-Jørgensen, C., Chang, S. -H., Chang, Y. Y., Chen, C. -R., Chen, C. -W., Choi, H. S., Connell, P., Eyles, C., Gaikov, G., Garipov, G., Huang, J. -J., Huang, M. -H. A., Jeong, H. M., Kim, J. E., Kim, M. B., Kim, S. -W., Lee, H. K., Lee, J., Lim, H., Lin, C. -Y., Liu, T.-C., Nam, J. W., Petrov, V., Ripa, J., Rodrigo, J. M., Svertilov, S., Wang, M. -Z., Yashin, I., National Research Foundation of Korea, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, National Science Council (Taiwan), and Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China

Subjects
UBAT, Lomonosov, Gamma ray burst, SMT, UFFO
Abstract

Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The payload of the UFFO (Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory)-pathfinder now onboard the Lomonosov spacecraft (hereafter UFFO/Lomonosov) is a dedicated instrument for the observation of GRBs. Its primary aim is to capture the rise phase of the optical light curve, one of the least known aspects of GRBs. Fast response measurements of the optical emission of GRB will be made by a Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT), a key instrument of the payload, which will open a new frontier in transient studies by probing the early optical rise of GRBs with a response time in seconds for the first time. The SMT employs a rapidly slewing mirror to redirect the optical axis of the telescope to a GRB position prior determined by the UFFO Burst Alert Telescope (UBAT), the other onboard instrument, for the observation and imaging of X-rays. UFFO/Lomonosov was launched successfully from Vostochny, Russia on April 28, 2016, and will begin GRB observations after completion of functional checks of the Lomonosov spacecraft. The concept of early GRB photon measurements with UFFO was reported in 2012. In this article, we will report in detail the first mission, UFFO/Lomonosov, for the rapid response to GRB observations. © The Author(s) 2017. The Korean work is supported by the National Research Foundation grants funded by MSIP of Korea (Creative Research Initiatives program for RCMST, No. 2015R1A2A1A01006870, and No. 2015R1A2A1A15055344). The Russian work was partially supported by ROSCOSMOS grants and by RFFI grants No. 13-02-12175 and No. 15-35-21038 and acknowledges support from the Development Program of Lomonosov Moscow State University. AJCT acknowledges support from the Spanish MINECO Projects AYA 2009-14000-C03-01/ESP and AYA 2015-71718R (including EU/FEDER funds). The Taiwanese authors thank Taiwan's National Science Council Vanguard Program (100-2119-M-002-025) and Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) funding (104-2811-M-002-160). SJ acknowledges the support from the Korea Basic Science Research Program through NRF-2014R1A6A3A03057484 and NRF-2015R1D1A4A01020961. MBK acknowledges the support from NRF-2015-GPF.

Published
2018

11. Measurement of the real dielectric permittivity epsilon_r of glacial ice

Author

Allison, P., Archambault, S., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Brabec, C., Chen, C. -C., Chen, C. -H., Chen, P., Christenson, A., Clark, B. A., Connolly, A., Cremonesi, L., Deaconu, C., Duvernois, M., Friedman, L., Gaior, R., Gorham, P. W., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hsu, S. -Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. -J., Huang, M. -H. A., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, M. -C., Kravchenko, I., Kuwabara, T., Landsman, H., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T. C., Lu, M. -Y., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichols, R. J., Nir, G., Novikov, A., Oberla, E., O'Murchadha, A., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Ratzlaff, K., Relich, M., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S., Shultz, A., Song, M., Touart, J., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Wissel, S., Yang, Y., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

Using data collected by the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) experiment at the South Pole, we have used long-baseline propagation of radio-frequency signals to extract information on the radio-frequency index-of-refraction in South Polar ice. Owing to the increasing ice density over the upper 150--200 meters, rays are observed along two, nearly parallel paths, one of which is direct and a second which refracts through an inflection point, with differences in both arrival time and arrival angle that can be used to constrain the neutrino properties. We also observe indications, for the first time, of radio-frequency ice birefringence for signals propagating along predominantly horizontal trajectories, corresponding to an asymmetry of order 0.1% between the ordinary and extra-ordinary paths, numerically compatible with previous measurements of birefringent asymmetries for vertically-propagating radio-frequency signals at South Pole. Taken together, these effects offer the possibility of redundantly measuring the range from receiver to a neutrino interaction in Antarctic ice, if receiver antennas are deployed at shallow (25 m

Published
2017
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12. Performance of two Askaryan Radio Array stations and first results in the search for ultrahigh energy neutrinos

Author

ARA Collaboration, Allison, P., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Besson, D. Z., Bora, C., Chen, C. -C., Chen, C. -H., Chen, P., Christenson, A., Connolly, A., Davies, J., Duvernois, M., Fox, B., Gaior, R., Gorham, P. W., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hill, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hsu, S. -Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. -J., Huang, M. -H. A., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Kennedy, D., Kravchenko, I., Kuwabara, T., Landsman, H., Laundrie, A., Li, C. -J., Liu, T. C., Lu, M. -Y., Macchiarulo, L., Mase, K., Meures, T., Meyhandan, R., Miki, C., Morse, R., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Novikov, A., O'Murchadha, A., Pfendner, C., Ratzlaff, K., Relich, M., Richman, M., Ritter, L., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Schellin, P., Shultz, A., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Touart, J., Varner, G. S., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, S. -H., Yang, Y., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Askaryan effect, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Energy (signal processing), Data reduction, Radio wave
Abstract

Ultra-high energy neutrinos are interesting messenger particles since, if detected, they can transmit exclusive information about ultra-high energy processes in the Universe. These particles, with energies above $10^{16}\mathrm{eV}$, interact very rarely. Therefore, detectors that instrument several gigatons of matter are needed to discover them. The ARA detector is currently being constructed at South Pole. It is designed to use the Askaryan effect, the emission of radio waves from neutrino-induced cascades in the South Pole ice, to detect neutrino interactions at very high energies. With antennas distributed among 37 widely-separated stations in the ice, such interactions can be observed in a volume of several hundred cubic kilometers. Currently 3 deep ARA stations are deployed in the ice of which two have been taking data since the beginning of the year 2013. In this publication, the ARA detector "as-built" and calibrations are described. Furthermore, the data reduction methods used to distinguish the rare radio signals from overwhelming backgrounds of thermal and anthropogenic origin are presented. Using data from only two stations over a short exposure time of 10 months, a neutrino flux limit of $3 \cdot 10^{-6} \mathrm{GeV} / (\mathrm{cm^2 \ s \ sr})$ is calculated for a particle energy of 10^{18}eV, which offers promise for the full ARA detector., 21 pages, 34 figures, 1 table, includes supplementary material

Published
2016

13. The Calibration of the Geometry and Antenna delay in Askaryan Radio Array Station 4 and 5

Author

Dasgupta, P., Hughes, K., Allison, P., Archambault, S., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Chen, C. H., Chen, P., Chen, Y. C., Clark, B. A., Clay, W., Connolly, A., Linda Cremonesi, Davies, J., Kockere, S., Vries, K. D., Deaconu, C., Duvernois, M. A., Flaherty, J., Friedman, E., Gaior, R., Hanson, J. C., Hanson, K., Harty, N., Hendricks, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hong, E., Hsu, S. Y., Huang, J. J., Huang, M. -H, Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, K. -C, Kim, M. -C, Krebs, R., Kravchenko, I., Ku, Y., Kuo, C. Y., Kurusu, K., Latif, U. A., Laundrie, A., Landsman, H., Lu, M. -Y, Liu, T. -C, Madison, B., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Novikov, A., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Nozdrina, A., Oberla, E., Omurchadha, A., Osborn, J., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Punsuebsay, N., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S, Shultz, A., Smith, D., Torres, J., Toscano, S., Touart, J., Eijndhoven, N., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A., Wang, M. -Z, Wang, S. -H, Wang, Y. H., Wissel, S. A., Xie, C., Young, R., and Yoshida, S.

16. A Template-based UHE Neutrino Search Strategy for the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA)

Author

Kim, M., Allison, P., Archambault, S., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Chen, C. H., Chen, P., Chen, Y. C., Clark, B. A., Clay, W., Connolly, A., Cremonesi, L., Dasgupta, P., Davies, J., Kockere, S., Vries, K. D., Deaconu, C., Duvernois, M. A., Flaherty, J., Friedman, E., Gaior, R., Hanson, J. C., Hanson, K., Harty, N., Hendricks, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hong, E., Hsu, S. Y., Huang, J. J., Huang, M. -H, Kaeli Hughes, Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, K. -C, Kim, M. -C, Krebs, R., Kravchenko, I., Ku, Y., Kuo, C. Y., Kurusu, K., Latif, U. A., Laundrie, A., Landsman, H., Lu, M. -Y, Liu, T. -C, Madison, B., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Novikov, A., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Nozdrina, A., Oberla, E., Omurchadha, A., Osborn, J., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Punsuebsay, N., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. -S, Shultz, A., Smith, D., Torres, J., Toscano, S., Touart, J., Eijndhoven, N., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A., Wang, M. -Z, Wang, S. -H, Wang, Y. H., Wissel, S. A., Xie, C., Young, R., and Yoshida, S.

17. A neural network based UHE neutrino reconstruction method for the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA)

Author

Pan, Y., Allison, P., Archambault, S., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Chen, C. H., Chen, P., Chen, Y. C., Clark, B. A., Clay, W., Connolly, A., Linda Cremonesi, Dasgupta, P., Davies, J., Kockere, S., Vries, K. D., Deaconu, C., Duvernois, M. A., Flaherty, J., Friedman, E., Gaior, R., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Harty, N., Hendricks, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hong, E., Hsu, S. Y., Huang, J. J., Huang, M. -H, Hughes, K., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, K. -C, Kim, M. -C, Kravchenko, I., Krebs, R., Ku, Y., Kuo, C. Y., Kurusu, K., Landsman, H., Latif, U. A., Laundrie, A., Liu, T. -C, Lu, M. -Y, Madison, B., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Novikov, A., Nozdrina, A., Oberla, E., Ómurchadha, A., Osborn, J., Pfendner, C., Punsuebsay, N., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. S., Shultz, A., Smith, D., Toscano, S., Torres, J., Touart, J., Eijndhoven, N., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A., Wang, M. -Z, Wang, S. -H, Wang, Y. H., Wissel, S. A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

21. An analysis of a tau-neutrino hypothesis for the near-horizon cosmic-ray-like events observed by ANITA-IV

Author

Prechelt, R., Wissel, S., Romero-Wolf, A., Gorham, P. W., Allison, P., Banerjee, O., Batten, L., Beatty, J. J., Belov, K., Besson, D. Z., Binns, W. R., Bugaev, V., Cao, P., Chen, C. H., Chen, P., Chen, Y., Clem, J. M., Connolly, A., Cremonesi, L., Dailey, B., Deaconu, C., Dowkontt, P. F., Fox, B. D., Gordon, J. W. H., Hast, C., Hill, B., Hsu, S. Y., Huang, J. J., Kaeli Hughes, Hupe, R., Israel, M. H., Liewer, K. M., Liu, T. C., Ludwig, A. B., Macchiarulo, L., Matsuno, S., Mcbride, K., Miki, C., Mulrey, K., Nam, J., Naudet, C., Nichol, R. J., Novikov, A., Oberla, E., Prohira, S., Rauch, B. F., Ripa, J., Roberts, J. M., Rotter, B., Russell, J. W., Saltzberg, D., Seckel, D., Schoorlemmer, H., Shiao, J., Stafford, S., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Strutt, B., Sutherland, M. S., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, N., Wang, S. H., and Wissel, S. A.

22. Status report of the UFFO-pathfinder

Author

Huang, M. -H A., Park, I. L., Salleh Ahmad, Barrillon, P., Brandt, S., Budtz-Jørgensen, C., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Chang, S. -H, Chang, Y. -Y, Chen, C. -R, Chen, P., Choi, Y. J., Connell, P., Dagoret-Campagne, S., Eyles, C., Grossan, B., Jung, A., Jeong, S., Huang, J. J., Kim, J. E., Kim, M. B., Kim, S. W., Kim, Y. W., Krasnov, A. S., Lee, J., Lim, H., Lin, C. -Y, Linder, E. V., Liu, T. -C, Lund, N., Min, K. W., Na, G. W., Nam, J. W., Panasyuk, M. I., Reglero, V., Řípa, J., Rodrigo, J. M., Smoot, G. F., Suh, J. -E, Svertilov, S., Vedenkin, N., Wang, M. -Z, Yashin, I., Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Gamma Ray Burst, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], X rays, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Coded mask, Satellite Instruments, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

For the UFFO Collaboration; Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most energetic explosions in the universe, their optical photon flux rise very quickly, typically within one minute, then fall off gradually. Hundreds of GRBs optical light curves have been measured since the first discovery of GRB in 1967. However, only a handful of measurements have been made within a minute after the gamma ray signal. Because of this drawback, the short-hard type GRBs and rapid-rising GRBs, which may account for 30% of all GRBs, remain practically unexplored. To reach sub-minute timescales, the Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO) uses a rapidly moving mirror to redirect the optical beam instead of slewing the entire spacecraft. The first realization of this concept is UFFO-pathfinder, which is equipped with fast-response Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT) and a UFFO Burst Alert and Trigger Telescope (UBAT). SMT has a slewing mirror to redirect optical photons into a telescope and then record them by an intensified CCD. UBAT uses coded mask to provide X-ray trigger from a GRB and provides the GRB location for SMT. UFFOs sub-minute measurements of the optical emission of dozens of GRBs each year will result in a more rigorous test of current internal shock models, probe the extremes of bulk Lorentz factors, provide the first early and detailed measurements of fast-rise GRB optical light curves, and help verify the prospect of GRB as a new standard candle. The UFFO-pathfinder is fully integrated with the Lomonosov satellite and is scheduled to be launched in late 2013 or early 2014. We will present the latest progress in this conference.

24. Observation of Reconstructable Radio Emission Coincident with an X-Class Solar Flare in the Askaryan Radio Array Prototype Station

Author

Allison, P., Archambault, S., Auffenberg, J., Bard, R., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Bora, C., Chen, C. C., Chen, C. H., Chen, P., Brian Clark, Clough, A., Connolly, A., Davies, J., Deaconu, C., Duvernois, M. A., Friedman, E., Fox, B., Gorham, P. W., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Haugen, J., Hill, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hong, E., Hsu, S. Y., Hu, L., Huang, J. J., Huang, M. H., Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, M., Kravchenko, I., Kruse, J., Kurusu, K., Landsman, H., Latif, U. A., Laundrie, A., Li, C. J., Liu, T. C., Lu, M. Y., Mase, K., Maunu, R., Meures, T., Miki, C., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Oberla, E., Ómurchadha, A., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Ratzlaff, K., Richman, M., Roth, J., Rotter, B., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. S., Shultz, A., Song, M., Stockham, J., Stockham, M., Sullivan, M., Touart, J., Tu, H. Y., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, M. Z., Wang, S. H., Wissel, S. A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) reports an observation of radio emission coincident with the "Valentine's Day" solar flare on Feb. 15$^{\rm{th}}$, 2011 in the prototype "Testbed" station. We find $\sim2000$ events that passed our neutrino search criteria during the 70 minute period of the flare, all of which reconstruct to the location of the sun. A signal analysis of the events reveals them to be consistent with that of bright thermal noise correlated across antennas. This is the first natural source of radio emission reported by ARA that is tightly reconstructable on an event-by-event basis. The observation is also the first for ARA to point radio from individual events to an extraterrestrial source on the sky. We comment on how the solar flares, coupled with improved systematic uncertainties in reconstruction algorithms, could aid in a mapping of any above-ice radio emission, such as that from cosmic-ray air showers, to astronomical locations on the sky., Comment: 18 pages, 22 figures

27. Implementing a Low-Threshold Analysis with the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA)

Author

Hughes, K., Allison, P., Archambault, S., Beatty, J. J., Beheler-Amass, M., Besson, D. Z., Beydler, M., Chen, C. H., Chen, Y. C., Chen, P., Clark, B. A., Clay, W., Connolly, A., Linda Cremonesi, Dasgupta, P., Davies, J., Kockere, S., Vries, K. D., Deaconu, C., Duvernois, M. A., Flaherty, J., Friedman, E., Gaior, R., Hanson, J., Hanson, K., Harty, N., Hendricks, B., Hoffman, K. D., Hokanson-Fasig, B., Hong, E., Hsu, S. Y., Huang, J. J., Huang, M. -H, Ishihara, A., Karle, A., Kelley, J. L., Khandelwal, R., Kim, K. -C, Kim, M. -C, Kravchenko, I., Krebs, R., Ku, Y., Kuo, C. Y., Kurusu, K., Landsman, H., Latif, U. A., Laundrie, A., Liu, T. -C, Lu, M. -Y, Madison, B., Mase, K., Meures, T., Nam, J., Nichol, R. J., Nir, G., Novikov, A., Nozdrina, A., Oberla, E., Ómurchadha, A., Osborn, J., Pan, Y., Pfendner, C., Punsuebsay, N., Roth, J., Sandstrom, P., Seckel, D., Shiao, Y. S., Shultz, A., Smith, D., Toscano, S., Torres, J., Touart, J., Eijndhoven, N., Varner, G. S., Vieregg, A., Wang, M. -Z, Wang, S. -H, Wang, Y. H., Wissel, S. A., Yoshida, S., and Young, R.

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