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This paper investigates the challenges of quality management system implementation in agribusiness in Guinea. We explore the issues encountered by the agribusiness managers in the Guinea Republic. In this study, the Delphi and AHP techniques are used to determine the problems the agri-food industries in Guinea face when setting up a quality management system. We looked into what caused problems and what managers thought about the need for ISO 9001 certification in Guinea’s agribusiness industries. We also look at the activity reports of the Guinean Institute of Standardization and Metrology (IGNM) and the National Office of Quality Control (ONCQ) to learn more about the problems. Our findings show that the main issue is that more national quality management experts are needed to assist agribusiness. It also shows that agribusiness leaders are willing to get ISO 9001 certification and use a quality management system. Nevertheless, the high cost of certification and the amount of paperwork are big problems that make it hard to reach that goal. The results of this paper will fill a gap in the literature and allow the Guinean government to take steps to help the agribusiness industries set up quality management systems.

Case Serious complications of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) include subcutaneous emphysema (SE) and pneumomediastinum, which are complicated to treat with conventional Western medicine. We report how combining Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) with Western medicine quickly resolved a patient's COVID-19-associated pulmonary complications, shortened hospital stay and improved quality of life. Clinical features and outcome A 59-year-old male with a history of smoking and tumors was diagnosed with COVID-19 in May 2021. At hospitalization, his oxygen saturation (SpO2) was 80%, he had a continuous severe cough, rapid shallow breathing, spontaneous SE and pneumomediastinum. By Day 4 of hospitalization, his condition was worsening despite standard care, so CHM was added. After 3–5 days, his coughing had lessened and supplementary oxygen therapy was de-escalated. Nine days after starting CHM, the SE had completely resolved and the patient avoided intubation. His WHO OS 10-point Scale score had fallen from 6 to 3 points and the modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale score from 4 to 2 points. He was hospitalized for 19 days. At 1 week post-discharge, the patient could handle most of his daily activities and experienced minor shortness of breath only when performing labor-intensive tasks. At 1 month, his work output was restored to pre-COVID-19 levels. Conclusion CHM combined with standard Western medicine improved pulmonary function, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation and shortened the hospital stay of a patient with severe COVID-19 complicated by SE and pneumomediastinum.

An outbreak occurred in Wanhua District of Taipei City. It was traced to a cluster infection originating from a teahouse. To prevent further large-scaled community spread, the Taipei City Government established the first community rapid test screening station. This report describes the station's strategy and performance and key factors that contributed to its operation. The project involves collaboration among various departments of Taipei City Government, including the health, environmental, police, transportation, and fire departments. The station provides rapid screening, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, and immediate isolation and follow-up medical services upon the detection of a positive case. These services are accessible to local residents and are intended to ease hospitals' burdens. In 36 days, a total of 8532 people were tested, and 419 confirmed cases were identified. Over the same period, the weekly number of positive cases in Wanhua District decreased from 356 to 40, and the PCR positive rate decreased from 21.7% to 1.2%. The policy of establishing rapid screening station, contact tracing and mask wearing policy are key strategies for interrupting chains of transmission of COVID-19. This intervention has become a model for preventing the spread of the epidemic and establishing community rapid screening stations in Taiwan.

For face anti-spoofing, many methods have been proposed to improve the security of face recognition systems. Due to distribution discrepancies among different domains, it is difficult to seek a generalized space which can generalize well to unseen attacks. In this paper, we propose a framework based on meta-learning method to improve the generalization ability of face anti-spoofing. The feature extractor is trained with forcing the distribution of real faces more compact while the distribution of fake faces is more dispersed among domains. Then we add a hybrid-domain meta learner module to simulate multiple domain shift scenarios. Moreover, we add a refined triplet mining to constrain the distance between real faces and fake ones. Multiple gradient information is integrated to optimize the feature extractor and train the model with good generalization performance to unseen attacks of various scenarios. Extensive experiments on four public datasets show that our proposed method can get better generalization ability to unseen target domain compared with state-of-the-art methods. &nbsp

Objectives To analyze the mandibular retromolar space among normal-divergent adult patients with different sagittal skeletal patterns by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods CBCTs of a total of 120 normal-divergent adult patients were investigated. Patients were categorized into the following three groups according to their ANB angle: skeletal Class I (48 patients), skeletal Class II (36 patients), and skeletal Class III (36 patients). Four different planes parallel to the mandibular occlusal plane were used to measure the retromolar space. The retromolar space was measured by two reference lines and then compared between different sagittal skeletal patterns groups. The incidence of root contact with the inner lingual cortex was compared among the three groups. Results The retromolar space of the Class III patients was significantly larger than that of Class I patients and Class II patients. Compared with Class I and Class III patients, Class II patients had a smaller retromolar space and higher incidence of contact with the inner cortex of the mandible. Conclusions Class III patients had a larger retromolar space than Class I patients and Class II patients in four different planes. The mandibular retromolar space should be evaluated by CBCT in patients who need mandibular molar distalization.

The Huayu-Qiangshen-Tongbi (HQT) decoction, a Chinese medical formula, has been identified to show a potent therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the specific molecular mechanism of HQT in RA has not been well studied. In the present study, LPS-treated human rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) MH7A cells and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were utilized as in vitro and in vivo models. Our results demonstrated that HQT could efficiently inhibit RA-induced inflammation by reducing the production of cytokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Moreover, HQT significantly upregulated the expression of miR-125b. Besides, analysis of bioinformatics suggested casein kinase 2 (CK2) was a potential target of miR-125b. Luciferase reporter assay was performed and revealed that miR-125b suppressed CK2 expression in MH7A cells. Furthermore, miR-125b inhibited LPS-induced NF-kappa-B (NF-κB) activation, which is a downstream target of CK2. In addition, the NF-κB inhibitor ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC) and NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (IkB-α) enhanced the inhibitory effect of miR-125b on the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Taken together, our study revealed that HQT could attenuate RA through upregulating miR-125b to suppress NF-κB-induced inflammation by targeting CK2. The findings of this study should facilitate investigating the mechanism of HQT on RA and discovering novel therapeutic targets for RA.

Introduction: Identification of the first selective inhibitor, also called “hit molecules, " is crucial for developing drugs against a protein target. However, the crystal structures of protein-ligand complexes are usually not resolved in time due to the process's time-consuming and costly nature. However, it does not prevent scientists from understanding the binding modes’ urgent advantages and drawbacks of protein-ligand interaction to guide the optimization of hit molecules. Methods: Here, we have developed a pocket-centric computational strategy to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the hit molecules against the protein target. Results: The results show that the pocket-centered mapping method not only allows for accurate prediction of the native docking pose and in-depth analysis of the binding mode but also has the potential of rapidly identifying partially unoccupied, unutilized, but targetable pockets to afford optimized hit molecules. We tested the strategy on the first selective inhibitor, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), against human arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC). Molecular dynamics simulation and MM/PBSA binding energy calculation are used to verify the efficacy of the strategy. Conclusion: The results show that the pocket-centered mapping method not only allows for accurate prediction of the native docking pose and in-depth analysis of the binding mode but also has the potential of rapidly identifying partially unoccupied, unutilized, but targetable pockets to afford optimized hit molecules.

ObjectiveTo identify the gene subtypes related to immune cells of cholangiocarcinoma and construct an immune score model to predict the immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis for cholangiocarcinoma.MethodsBased on principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-cholangiocarcinoma, GSE107943 and E-MTAB-6389 datasets were combined as Joint data. Immune genes were downloaded from ImmPort. Univariate Cox survival analysis filtered prognostically associated immune genes, which would identify immune-related subtypes of cholangiocarcinoma. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) further screened immune genes with prognosis values, and tumor immune score was calculated for patients with cholangiocarcinoma after the combination of the three datasets. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis determined the optimal cut-off value, which was applied for dividing cholangiocarcinoma patients into low and high immune score group. To explore the differences in tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy between immune cell-related subtypes and immune score groups of cholangiocarcinoma.Results34 prognostic immune genes and three immunocell-related subtypes with statistically significant prognosis (IC1, IC2 and IC3) were identified. Among them, IC1 and IC3 showed higher immune cell infiltration, and IC3 may be more suitable for immunotherapy and chemotherapy. 10 immune genes with prognostic significance were screened by LASSO regression analysis, and a tumor immune score model was constructed. Kaplan-Meier (KM) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that RiskScore had excellent prognostic prediction ability. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that 6 gene (NLRX1, AKT1, CSRP1, LEP, MUC4 and SEMA4B) of 10 genes were abnormal expressions between cancer and paracancer tissue. Immune cells infiltration in high immune score group was generally increased, and it was more suitable for chemotherapy. In GSE112366-Crohn’s disease dataset, 6 of 10 immune genes had expression differences between Crohn’s disease and healthy control. The area under ROC obtained 0.671 based on 10-immune gene signature. Moreover, the model had a sound performance in Crohn’s disease.ConclusionThe prediction of tumor immune score model in predicting immune microenvironment, immunotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with cholangiocarcinoma has shown its potential for indicating the effect of immunotherapy on patients with cholangiocarcinoma.

Two new rare trachylobane euphoratones A-B (1-2), together with five known diterpenoids (compounds 3-7), were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia atoto. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated through HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis. Compounds 1, 3, 4 and 7 showed weak anti-inflammatory activities (IC50 77.49 ± 6.34, 41.61 ± 14.49, 16.00 ± 1.71 and 33.41 ± 4.52 μM, respectively), compared to the positive control quercetin (IC50 15.23 ± 0.65 μM).

Evaluating the performance of low-light image enhancement (LLE) is highly subjective, thus making integrating human preferences into image enhancement a necessity. Existing methods fail to consider this and present a series of potentially valid heuristic criteria for training enhancement models. In this paper, we propose a new paradigm, i.e., aesthetics-guided low-light image enhancement (ALL-E), which introduces aesthetic preferences to LLE and motivates training in a reinforcement learning framework with an aesthetic reward. Each pixel, functioning as an agent, refines itself by recursive actions, i.e., its corresponding adjustment curve is estimated sequentially. Extensive experiments show that integrating aesthetic assessment improves both subjective experience and objective evaluation. Our results on various benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of ALL-E over state-of-the-art methods.

As revealed in Planetary Urbanisation, wilderness spaces consistently decay due to the unfettered worldwide spread of the urban fabric. If the end of wildness is inevitable in the planetary urbanisation, how can we recover the biodiversity and live with local wildlife in the perpetual urbanisation process? The contemporary use of ecological corridor has raised serious concerns in environmental justice; its design heavily relies on well-built, explicit knowledge and always confronts the ideology dilemmas with how to position humans in the making of urban ecology. This paper proposes an integrated AI reasoning framework for the anthropocentric design searching the latent spatial pattern of urban ecology in the Anthropocene epoch. Our proposal combines the connectivity methodology and conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) to algorithmically enable the cross-domain reasoning between wildness and humanity and to create design knowledge without determined rules and specific data of wildlife. The proposed framework consists of three components: 1) connectivity modelling, 2) progressive reasoning and 3) parametric adaptation. It is tested with a design exercise on a 1km*1km site in East London: The human connectivity and wildlife connectivity of one hundred selected reference locations are modelled to train a CycleGAN to suggest the wildlife connectivity based on the human connectivity of the site, and another CycleGAN turns it into a materiality reference. With the reference, parametric prototypes are adopted to adapt the extant urban landscape to the suggested condition in a parametric approach. The study emphasises on how the framework leads to an Anthropocentric ‘sweet spot’ of urban ecology tuned under the limited availability of local wildlife data instead of developing a design work fully. The result suggests the creation of the discrete urban ecological field can be led by an eco-intensity-graded, mass?customisable framework.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ict-10.1177_15347354231178898 for Chinese Herbal Medicine Improved Survival in Stage IV Breast Cancer Patients: Data Mining of the Incorporated Taiwan Cancer Registry Database and Hospital Database by Po-En Chen, Hao-Hsiu Hung, Wei-Te Huang, Chen-Hsuan Yeh, Yi-Wei Kao, Ben-Chang Shia and Sheng-Teng Huang in Integrative Cancer Therapies

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have effectively been demonstrated in solving forward and inverse differential equation problems, but they are still trapped in training failures when the target functions to be approximated exhibit high-frequency or multi-scale features. In this paper, we propose to employ implicit stochastic gradient descent (ISGD) method to train PINNs for improving the stability of training process. We heuristically analyze how ISGD overcome stiffness in the gradient flow dynamics of PINNs, especially for problems with multi-scale solutions. We theoretically prove that for two-layer fully connected neural networks with large hidden nodes, randomly initialized ISGD converges to a globally optimal solution for the quadratic loss function. Empirical results demonstrate that ISGD works well in practice and compares favorably to other gradient-based optimization methods such as SGD and Adam, while can also effectively address the numerical stiffness in training dynamics via gradient descent., Comment: 17 pages, published as a conference paper at AAAI23

Supplemental material, sj-docx-3-ict-10.1177_15347354231178898 for Chinese Herbal Medicine Improved Survival in Stage IV Breast Cancer Patients: Data Mining of the Incorporated Taiwan Cancer Registry Database and Hospital Database by Po-En Chen, Hao-Hsiu Hung, Wei-Te Huang, Chen-Hsuan Yeh, Yi-Wei Kao, Ben-Chang Shia and Sheng-Teng Huang in Integrative Cancer Therapies

Supplemental material, sj-docx-2-ict-10.1177_15347354231178898 for Chinese Herbal Medicine Improved Survival in Stage IV Breast Cancer Patients: Data Mining of the Incorporated Taiwan Cancer Registry Database and Hospital Database by Po-En Chen, Hao-Hsiu Hung, Wei-Te Huang, Chen-Hsuan Yeh, Yi-Wei Kao, Ben-Chang Shia and Sheng-Teng Huang in Integrative Cancer Therapies

Additional file 1. Additional Tables and Figures.

Several collections of Calostoma (Calostomataceae, Boletales) from the south of China were investigated using morphology, and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from the nuc 28S rDNA D1-D2 domains (28S), and the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Two species of the genus are recognized, one is the previously described taxon, C. areolatum, the other, C. sinocinnabarinum, is described as new: Detailed descriptions, color photos of fresh basidiomata and line-drawings of microstructures of the two taxa are presented.

A distributed active and reactive power control (DARPC) strategy based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is proposed for regional AC transmission system (TS) with wind farms (WFs). The proposed DARPC strategy optimizes the power distribution among the WFs to minimize the power losses of the AC TS while tracking the active power reference from the transmission system operator (TSO), and minimize the voltage deviation of the buses inside the WF from the rated voltage as well as power losses of the WF collection system. The optimal power flow (OPF) of the TS is relaxed by using the semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation while the branch flow model is used to model the collection system of the WF. In the DARPC strategy, the large-scale strongly coupled optimization problem is decomposed by using the ADMM, which are solved in the regional TS controller and WF controllers in parallel without loss of the global optimality. The boundary information is exchanged between the regional TS controller and WF controllers. Compared to the conventional OPF method of the TS with WFs, the optimality and accuracy of the system operation can be improved. Moreover, it efficiently reduces the computation burden of the system controller and eliminates the need of a central controller. The protection of the information privacy can be enhanced. A modified IEEE 9-bus system with two WFs consisting of 64 wind turbines (WTs) is used to validate the proposed DARPC strategy.

In the present study, we propose the combination of novel branch-structured fins and Al2O3 nanoparticles to enhance the performance of a phase change material (PCM) during the solidification process in a triple-tube heat exchanger. The inevitable drawback of PCMs is their lower heat conductivity, which can result in a long response time during the phase change process in latent heat thermal storage systems. Therefore, any serious improvement strategy needs an optimized phase change process. A mathematical model for a two-dimensional structure composed of a PCM with paraffin RT82 and Al2O3 nanoparticles that considers the thermal conduction in metal fins, Brownian motion of nanoparticles, and natural convection in a liquid phase PCM is proposed and verified based on experimental results. The impact of various volume fractions and fin layouts on the solidification process is discussed, involving the evolution and deformation of solid–liquid interfaces and distribution of isotherms and average temperature and liquid fraction curves. The results imply that the solidification behaviour can be significantly enhanced by the application of nanoparticles and metal fins. Compared with the inherent structure of the heat exchanger, the solidification time is decreased by 8.5%, 9.3%, and 10.3% for Al2O3 nanoparticles (at 2%, 5%, and 8%, respectively) only and by 83.0%, 80.7%, 80.8%, and 82.9%, respectively, for various fin layouts only. This is attributed to increased heat transfer by thermal conduction and natural convection. It can be concluded that the impact of the use of fins is preferable compared to that for nanoparticles, and the benefit of nanoparticles is limited.

In situ anaerobic treatment is an effective and sustainable method for petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC)-contaminated groundwater remediation. In this study, application of a formerly screened microbial ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aberrant lipid metabolism is recognized as a key feature of cancer cells. Our initial research on MS-based analysis of lipids in a multiple myeloma (MM) cell line showed a significant accumulation of lipids in multiple myeloma cells after proteasome inhibition. This finding prompted us to hypothesize that multiple myeloma cell survival depends on the maximal utilization of abnormally accumulated lipids. Therefore, we explored whether lipid metabolism-modulating agents would synergize with proteasome inhibitors. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Lipid accumulation in multiple myeloma cells was measured by MS. Synergism between lipid regulators and proteasome inhibitors was assessed by cell viability and apoptosis. A novel stable derivative of fenofibrate (FCE) was synthesized and used to treat multiple myeloma cells in vitro and in vivo along with the proteasome inhibitor ixazomib. ChIP-seq, western blotting and RT-qPCR were performed to explore the potential mechanism(s) underlying the increase in lipid levels in multiple myeloma cells after proteasome inhibition. KEY RESULTS Accumulation of lipids in multiple myeloma cells was induced by proteasome inhibition. Lipid-lowering drugs and MG-132 exerted a synergistic effect to kill multiple myeloma cells. FCE showed significant synergistic activity in vitro and in vivo with ixazomib. The abnormal lipid accumulation in multiple myeloma cells that was enhanced by proteasome inhibitors might be due to the elevated SREBP1/2 expression induced by ATF4. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our results provide a proof of principle and support for the further clinical evaluation of the combination of lipid-modulating drugs with proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of multiple myeloma.

ThisSupplemental Material file contains further details of the PAW datasets adopted in this work and further discussions on theeffects of magnetic orderings on the total energy, metallicity of the HS-rs and HS-c states, and the atomic and electronic structures of the HS-o3 state. Acomparison between Ref. 20 and this work is also included.&nbsp

Solid tumors can be divided into benign solid tumors and solid malignant tumors in the academic community, among which malignant solid tumors are called cancers. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, and the global incidence of cancer is increasing yearly New cancer patients in China are always the first. After the concept of stem cells was introduced in the tumor community, the CSC markers represented by ALDH1 have been widely studied due to their strong CSC cell characteristics and potential to be the driving force of tumor metastasis. In the research results in the past five years, it has been found that ALDH1 is highly expressed in various solid cancers such as breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, cervical cancer, esophageal cancer, ovarian cancer, head,and neck cancer. ALDH1 can activate and transform various pathways (such as the USP28/MYC signaling pathway, ALDH1A1/HIF-1α/VEGF axis, wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway), as well as change the intracellular pH value to promote formation and maintenance, resulting in drug resistance in tumors. By targeting and inhibiting ALDH1 in tumor stem cells, it can enhance the sensitivity of drugs and inhibit the proliferation, differentiation, and metastasis of solid tumor stem cells to some extent. This review discusses the relationship and pathway of ALDH1 with various solid tumors. It proposes that ALDH1 may serve as a diagnosis and therapeutic target for CSC, providing new insights and new strategies for reliable tumor treatment.

Compared with single-label image classification, multi-label image classification is more practical and challenging. Some recent studies attempted to leverage the semantic information of categories for improving multi-label image classification performance. However, these semantic-based methods only take semantic information as type of complements for visual representation without further exploitation. In this paper, we present an innovative path towards the solution of the multi-label image classification which considers it as a dictionary learning task. A novel end-to-end model named Deep Semantic Dictionary Learning (DSDL) is designed. In DSDL, an auto-encoder is applied to generate the semantic dictionary from class-level semantics and then such dictionary is utilized for representing the visual features extracted by Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with label embeddings. The DSDL provides a simple but elegant way to exploit and reconcile the label, semantic and visual spaces simultaneously via conducting the dictionary learning among them. Moreover, inspired by iterative optimization of traditional dictionary learning, we further devise a novel training strategy named Alternately Parameters Update Strategy (APUS) for optimizing DSDL, which alternately optimizes the representation coefficients and the semantic dictionary in forward and backward propagation. Extensive experimental results on three popular benchmarks demonstrate that our method achieves promising performances in comparison with the state-of-the-arts. Our codes and models have been released at {https://github.com/ZFT-CQU/DSDL}., Accepted by AAAI2021

The Huayu-Qiangshen-Tongbi (HQT) decoction, a Chinese medical formula, has been identified to show a potent therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the specific molecular mechanism of HQT in RA has not been well studied. In the present study, LPS-treated human rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) MH7A cells and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were utilized as

Purpose Due to lumbar spinal surgery is frequently accompanied with moderate-to-severe postoperative pain, it is necessary to find an effective postoperative analgesia for patients with this surgery. This study aimed to observe the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine erector spinae plane block (ESPB) used in posterior lumbar spine surgery. Methods In this clinical trial, patients undergoing posterior lumbar spine surgery were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: intervention and control. The intervention group (Group E) received 0.375% ropivacaine with 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine in a total of 20 ml for ESPB; the control group (Group C) received 20 ml ropivacaine 0.375% for ESPB. US-guided ESPB was performed preoperatively in all patients. Demographics, anesthesia time, surgery time, and ASA grade from the participants were recorded at baseline. The primary clinical outcome measures were 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 24-and 48-h visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores after surgery at rest and movement state. Other end points included opioid consumption, number of PCIA presses, flurbiprofen-axetil consumption, quality of recovery and pain management after surgery. Results One hundred twenty patients were enrolled in the study (mean [SD] ages: Group E, 54.77 [8.61] years old; Group C,56.40 [7.87] years old; P = 0.280). The mean anesthesia time was 152.55 (15.37) min in Group E and 152.60 (16.47) min in Group C (P = 0.986). Additionally, the surgery time was 141.70 (15.71) min in Group E compared to 141.48 (17.13) min in Group C (P = 0.943). In addition, we found that the VAS pain scores in the resting state during the postoperative period at 8–48 h were lower in Group E than in Group C. However, the VAS pain scores in the active state were lower in Group E at 12–48 h (P P P Conclusions All the findings suggested that dexmedetomidine could significantly relieve postoperative pain and reduce the consumption of opioids in patients undergoing posterior lumbar spine surgery without obvious adverse reactions as a local anesthetic adjuvant. Further studies with larger sample sizes and different drug dosages may be useful in understanding the potential clinical benefits of dexmedetomidine.

Calostoma areolatum Y.H. Ma, B. Zhang & Y. Li, Sydowia 70: 230, 2018 (Figs. 2a���c, 3, 5a���c) Description:��� Basidiomata stalked. Peridium subglobose or globose, 1.4���1.5 cm in diam. Exoperidium composed of many, dark brown (2E3), cone-shaped or pyramid-shaped warts or appendages of varying sizes, which occasionally fall off with age. Mesoperidium absent. Endoperidium brown (3E5), with many polygonal grids on the surface when mature. Ostiolum star-shaped, teeth 4���6, yellow (4A5) when young, vermilion (9B7) when mature, exposing a white spore bag. Spore-sac yellowish (1A2), membranous, 0.5 cm in diam, with yellowish (1A2) power, connected to the ostiolum. Stipe strongly developed, central, 2.5���4 �� 1.2 cm; surface gelatinous, dark brown (4E7), composed of many regularly arranged and occasional branching longitudinal cords. Basidiospores [360/18/6] (13.5���)14���20(���20.5) �� (14���)14.5���20 ��m, Q = (0.93���)0.94���1.05(���1.06), Qm = 1.00 �� 0.03 (including ornamentation), [360/18/6] (7���)8.5���12 �� (7���)8.5���12 ��m, Q = (0.92���)0.94���1.05(���1.09), Qm = 1.00 �� 0.03 (excluding ornamentation), globose, petal-like under light microscope, petals consist of many vertical lines under SEM, hyaline to pale yellow in KOH. Basidia not seen. Exoperidium hyphae sparsely branched, gelatinized, pale yellow in KOH; terminal cells 31���68 �� 12���16 ��m, slightly thick-walled (0.2���0.4 ��m). Endoperidium hyphae hyaline to yellowish in KOH, occasionally branched; terminal cells 23���110 �� 3���4 ��m, thick-walled (1���3 ��m). Stipe hyphae composed of two layers; hyphae in the first layer pale yellow, with terminal cells measuring14���50 �� 4���10 ��m, thick-walled (2���5 ��m); hyphae in the second layer hyaline, with terminal cells measuring 10���99 �� 3���4.5 ��m, slightly thick-walled (0.4 ��m), occasionally with hyaline granular appendages. Clamp connections occasionally observed in endoperidium hyphae. Habitat:���Gregarious or scattered on yellow soil (pH4.8) in forests dominated by Lithocarpus spp. Known distribution:��� Fujian, Jiangxi (Liu et al. 2018) and Hainan Provinces of China. Specimens examined:��� CHINA. Hainan Province: Limushan of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, elev. 750 m, 27 July 2017, N. K . Zeng 3128, 3132, 3135, 3137 (FHMU2089, 2093, 2096, 2098); Yinggeling of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, elev. 800 m, 26 June 2013, N. K . Zeng1199 (FHMU765)., Published as part of Xu, Chang, Liang, Zhi-Qun, Jiang, Shuai, Zhang, Ping, Huang, Sheng-Zhuo & Zeng, Nian- Kai, 2022, Notes on two species of Calostoma (Calostomataceae, Boletales) from the south of China, pp. 49-61 in Phytotaxa 533 (1) on pages 54-55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.533.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5973886, {"references":["Liu, L. N., Razaq, A., Atri, N., Bau, T., Belbahri, L., Bouket, A. C., Chen, L. P., Deng, C., Ilyas, S., Khalid, A. N., Kitaura, M. J., Kobayashi, T., Li, Y., Lorenz, A. P., Ma, Y. H., Malysheva, E., Malysheva, V., Nuytinck, J., Qiao, M., Saini, M. K., Scur, M. C., Sharma, S., Shu, L. L., Spirin, V., Tanaka, Y., Tojo, M., Uzuhashi, S., Valerio-Junior, C., Verbeken, A., Verma, B., Wu, R. H., Xu, J. P,. Yu, Z. F., Zeng, H., Zhang, B., Banerjee, A., Beddiar, A., Bordallo, J. J., Dafri, A., Dima, B., Krisai-Greilhuber, I., Lorenzini, M., Mandal, R., Morte, A., Nath, P. S., Papp, V., Pavlik, J., Rodriguez, A., Sevcikova, H., Urban, A., Voglmayr, H. & Zapparoli, G. (2018) Fungal Systematics and Evolution: FUSE 4. Sydowia 70: 211 - 286."]}

Calostoma sinocinnabarinum N.K. Zeng, Chang Xu & Zhi Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Figs. 2d–f, 4, 5d–f) MycoBank: MB841417 Etymology:—Latin “ sin -” meaning China, holotype locality; “ cinnabarinum ” meaning the surface of peridium colored with a red tint. Diagnosis:—Characterized by a gelatinous, orange-red to fiery red peridium, a pale orange stipe, broadly ellipsoid basidiospores with prominent reticulations, and a distribution in Asia. Holotype:— CHINA. Hunan Province: Yizhang County, Mangshan National Nature Reserve, 112°93′21″E, 24°95′67″71 N, elev. 1200 m, 29 July 2019, N. K. Zeng 4157 (FHMU3739). GenBank accession numbers: 28 S = OK147440, ITS = OK157459. Description:— Basidiomata stalked. Peridium subglobose or globose, 1.5–2.5 cm in diam. Exoperidium gelatinous, hyaline, with jelly-like and seed-like appendages when mature, finally falling off. Mesoperidium reddish orange (6A7) when young, then pale brown; surface nearly smooth, then cracked into irregular blocky lobes, finally falling off. Endoperidium red (6B8) to fiery red, velvet. Ostiolum vermilion (9B7), with upraised ridges, star-shaped, teeth 5–8, covered by the exoperidium and mesoperidium when young, exposed when mature. Stipe strongly developed, central, up to 1.8 cm long, about 2 cm wide, consisting of many lines extending from the bottom of the peridium and wrapped by the colloidal exoperidium. Basidiospores [220/11/4] 10–15(–16) × (8.5–)9–12(–13) μm, Q = (1.00–)1.04–1.50(–1.61), Qm = 1.25 ± 0.14 (including ornamentation), [220/11/4] (7–)8–13(–13.5) × (6–)6.5–9(–9.5) μm, Q = (1.00–)1.06–1.63 (–1.86), Qm = 1.34 ± 0.19 (excluding ornamentation), broadly ellipsoid, with prominent reticulations, hyaline to pale yellow in KOH. Basidia not seen, disintegrating when mature. Exoperidium hyphae long, sparsely branched, gelatinized, hyaline to yellowish in KOH; terminal cells 12–85 × 2–3 μm, thick-walled (1–2 μm). Mesoperidium hyphae yellowish brown in KOH, occasionally branched, with yellowish brown, granular appendages; terminal cells 15–50 × 5–7 μm, slightly thick-walled (0.7–0.9 μm). Stipe hyphae composed of two layers; hyphae in the first layer lemon yellow, with terminal cells measuring 30–65 × 5–8.5 μm, thick-walled (1.5–2 μm); hyphae in the second layer hyaline to pale yellow, with terminal cells measuring 12–49 × 2–4 μm, slightly thick-walled (about 0.4 μm). Clamp connections observed in exoperidium hyphae and the second layer of stipe hyphae. Habitat:—Gregarious on dark brown soil (pH 5.5) in mixed forests of Lithocarpus spp. and Pinus kwangtungensis Chun ex Tsiang. Known distribution:—Central China (Hunan Province); eastern China (Jiangxi Province). Additional specimens examined:— CHINA. Hunan Province: Yizhang County, Mangshan National Nature Reserve, elev. 1200 m, 20 July 2013, S. Z . Huang s.n. (FHMU1007); same location, 29 July 2019, N. K . Zeng 4164, 4167 (FHMU3732, 3818). Jiangxi Province: Wuyi Mountain, Tongmuguan, elev. 1080 m, 14 October 1993, M . Zang s.n. (HKAS27132).

Calostoma sinocinnabarinum N.K. Zeng, Chang Xu & Zhi Q. Liang, sp. nov. (Figs. 2d���f, 4, 5d���f) MycoBank: MB841417 Etymology:���Latin ��� sin -��� meaning China, holotype locality; ��� cinnabarinum ��� meaning the surface of peridium colored with a red tint. Diagnosis:���Characterized by a gelatinous, orange-red to fiery red peridium, a pale orange stipe, broadly ellipsoid basidiospores with prominent reticulations, and a distribution in Asia. Holotype:��� CHINA. Hunan Province: Yizhang County, Mangshan National Nature Reserve, 112��93���21���E, 24��95���67���71 N, elev. 1200 m, 29 July 2019, N. K. Zeng 4157 (FHMU3739). GenBank accession numbers: 28 S = OK147440, ITS = OK157459. Description:��� Basidiomata stalked. Peridium subglobose or globose, 1.5���2.5 cm in diam. Exoperidium gelatinous, hyaline, with jelly-like and seed-like appendages when mature, finally falling off. Mesoperidium reddish orange (6A7) when young, then pale brown; surface nearly smooth, then cracked into irregular blocky lobes, finally falling off. Endoperidium red (6B8) to fiery red, velvet. Ostiolum vermilion (9B7), with upraised ridges, star-shaped, teeth 5���8, covered by the exoperidium and mesoperidium when young, exposed when mature. Stipe strongly developed, central, up to 1.8 cm long, about 2 cm wide, consisting of many lines extending from the bottom of the peridium and wrapped by the colloidal exoperidium. Basidiospores [220/11/4] 10���15(���16) �� (8.5���)9���12(���13) ��m, Q = (1.00���)1.04���1.50(���1.61), Qm = 1.25 �� 0.14 (including ornamentation), [220/11/4] (7���)8���13(���13.5) �� (6���)6.5���9(���9.5) ��m, Q = (1.00���)1.06���1.63 (���1.86), Qm = 1.34 �� 0.19 (excluding ornamentation), broadly ellipsoid, with prominent reticulations, hyaline to pale yellow in KOH. Basidia not seen, disintegrating when mature. Exoperidium hyphae long, sparsely branched, gelatinized, hyaline to yellowish in KOH; terminal cells 12���85 �� 2���3 ��m, thick-walled (1���2 ��m). Mesoperidium hyphae yellowish brown in KOH, occasionally branched, with yellowish brown, granular appendages; terminal cells 15���50 �� 5���7 ��m, slightly thick-walled (0.7���0.9 ��m). Stipe hyphae composed of two layers; hyphae in the first layer lemon yellow, with terminal cells measuring 30���65 �� 5���8.5 ��m, thick-walled (1.5���2 ��m); hyphae in the second layer hyaline to pale yellow, with terminal cells measuring 12���49 �� 2���4 ��m, slightly thick-walled (about 0.4 ��m). Clamp connections observed in exoperidium hyphae and the second layer of stipe hyphae. Habitat:���Gregarious on dark brown soil (pH 5.5) in mixed forests of Lithocarpus spp. and Pinus kwangtungensis Chun ex Tsiang. Known distribution:���Central China (Hunan Province); eastern China (Jiangxi Province). Additional specimens examined:��� CHINA. Hunan Province: Yizhang County, Mangshan National Nature Reserve, elev. 1200 m, 20 July 2013, S. Z . Huang s.n. (FHMU1007); same location, 29 July 2019, N. K . Zeng 4164, 4167 (FHMU3732, 3818). Jiangxi Province: Wuyi Mountain, Tongmuguan, elev. 1080 m, 14 October 1993, M . Zang s.n. (HKAS27132)., Published as part of Xu, Chang, Liang, Zhi-Qun, Jiang, Shuai, Zhang, Ping, Huang, Sheng-Zhuo & Zeng, Nian- Kai, 2022, Notes on two species of Calostoma (Calostomataceae, Boletales) from the south of China, pp. 49-61 in Phytotaxa 533 (1) on pages 57-58, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.533.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5973886

Additional file 1. Appendix 1. ROC curves for each machine learning model after testing the validation datasets on the risk of adverse events prediction.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jcb-10.1177_0271678X221147366 for Altered hemodynamics and vascular reactivity in a mouse model with severe pericyte deficiency by Jillian L Stobart, Eva Erlebach, Chaim Glück, Sheng-Fu Huang, Matthew JP Barrett, Max Li, Sergei A Vinogradov, Jan Klohs, Yvette Zarb, Annika Keller, Bruno Weber in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism

We propose to achieve joint detections of frequency and direction of arrival in wideband using single sensor based on an active metasurface with programmable transmission states of pass and stop. By integrating two PIN diodes with the opposite directions into the proposed single-layer and ultrathin meta-atom, the transmission performance with 10 dB difference between the pass and stop states is realized in the bandwidth from 5.9 GHz to 8.8 GHz using field-circuit co-simulations. Accordingly, random receiving patterns are generated by controlling the programmable metasurface composed of the switchable meta-atoms. Afterwards, the frequency and direction information of sources located in the far field are detected using the modified algorithm of estimating signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) and the compressive sensing method, respectively. A sample of the programmable metasurface is fabricated and the voltage control system is built up correspondingly. To entirely verify the validity of the proposed method, we conduct three kinds of experiments with one single source, double sources with different frequencies, and double sources with the same frequency, respectively. In all cases, the source information of frequency and direction has been detected preciously in measurements in the frequency band from 6.2 GHz to 8.8 GHz.

Deep neural networks trained with standard cross-entropy loss are more prone to memorize noisy labels, which degrades their performance. Negative learning using complementary labels is more robust when noisy labels intervene but with an extremely slow model convergence speed. In this paper, we first introduce a bidirectional learning scheme, where positive learning ensures convergence speed while negative learning robustly copes with label noise. Further, a dynamic sample reweighting strategy is proposed to globally weaken the effect of noise-labeled samples by exploiting the excellent discriminatory ability of negative learning on the sample probability distribution. In addition, we combine self-distillation to further improve the model performance. The code is available at \url{https://github.com/chenchenzong/BLDR}.

Additional file 2. Appendix 2. ROC curves for each machine learning model after testing using the validation datasets on intensive care unit admission prediction.

(3+1)D topological phases of matter can host a broad class of non-trivial topological defects of codimension-1, 2, and 3, of which the well-known point charges and flux loops are special cases. The complete algebraic structure of these defects defines a higher category, and can be viewed as an emergent higher symmetry. This plays a crucial role both in the classification of phases of matter and the possible fault-tolerant logical operations in topological quantum error correcting codes. In this paper, we study several examples of such higher codimension defects from distinct perspectives. We mainly study a class of invertible codimension-2 topological defects, which we refer to as twist strings. We provide a number of general constructions for twist strings, in terms of gauging lower dimensional invertible phases, layer constructions, and condensation defects. We study some special examples in the context of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theory with fermionic charges, in $\mathbb{Z}_2 \times \mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge theory with bosonic charges, and also in non-Abelian discrete gauge theories based on dihedral ($D_n$) and alternating ($A_6$) groups. The intersection between twist strings and Abelian flux loops sources Abelian point charges, which defines an $H^4$ cohomology class that characterizes part of an underlying 3-group symmetry of the topological order. The equations involving background gauge fields for the 3-group symmetry have been explicitly written down for various cases. We also study examples of twist strings interacting with non-Abelian flux loops (defining part of a non-invertible higher symmetry), examples of non-invertible codimension-2 defects, and examples of interplay of codimension-2 defects with codimension-1 defects. We also find an example of geometric, not fully topological, twist strings in (3+1)D $A_6$ gauge theory., Comment: 70 pages, 42 figures

A picrotoxane-type sesquiterpene, dendroterpene E (1), together with five benzene derivatives (2–6), were isolated from the stems of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1 was a new picrotoxane-type sesquiterpene with a C-9/C-1/O/C-11 oxetane ring, which was first encountered in this type of compounds. Compounds 1–3 exhibited inhibitory activities against α-glycosidase.

Additional file 3. Appendix 3. ROC curves for each machine learning model after testing using the validation datasets on prolonged hospital stay prediction.

Additional file 3. Appendix 3. ROC curves for each machine learning model after testing using the validation datasets on prolonged hospital stay prediction.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jcb-10.1177_0271678X221147366 for Altered hemodynamics and vascular reactivity in a mouse model with severe pericyte deficiency by Jillian L Stobart, Eva Erlebach, Chaim Glück, Sheng-Fu Huang, Matthew JP Barrett, Max Li, Sergei A Vinogradov, Jan Klohs, Yvette Zarb, Annika Keller, Bruno Weber in Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism

In this paper, we study the partial multi-label (PML) image classification problem, where each image is annotated with a candidate label set consists of multiple relevant labels and other noisy labels. Existing PML methods typically design a disambiguation strategy to filter out noisy labels by utilizing prior knowledge with extra assumptions, which unfortunately is unavailable in many real tasks. Furthermore, because the objective function for disambiguation is usually elaborately designed on the whole training set, it can be hardly optimized in a deep model with SGD on mini-batches. In this paper, for the first time we propose a deep model for PML to enhance the representation and discrimination ability. On one hand, we propose a novel curriculum based disambiguation strategy to progressively identify ground-truth labels by incorporating the varied difficulties of different classes. On the other hand, a consistency regularization is introduced for model retraining to balance fitting identified easy labels and exploiting potential relevant labels. Extensive experimental results on the commonly used benchmark datasets show the proposed method significantly outperforms the SOTA methods., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures

One key challenge in the field of topological superconductivity (Tsc) has been the rareness of material realization. This is true not only for the first-order Tsc featuring Majorana surface modes, but also the higher-order Tsc, which host Majorana hinge and corner modes. In this work, we first propose a general material-searching "recipe" for higher-order Tsc with Majorana corner modes. This recipe is obtained from a set of symmetry indicators that can diagnose Majorana boundary patterns in centrosymmetric superconductors. We derive these indicators by establishing the bulk-boundary correspondence through a real- and momentum-space basis matching procedure. Following this recipe, we propose that centrosymmetric MoTe$_2$, which was found superconducting experimentally, is a higher-order Tsc. By performing ab initio calculation and mean-field analysis for a realistic 44-band tight-binding model, we find that centrosymmetric MoTe$_2$ could host Majorana corner and hinge modes. Our recipe and proposed material candidate could provide general guiding principle for material searching and designing of higher-order Tsc and mobilize experimental effort in higher-order Tsc., Comment: 5+3 pages, 3+2 figures. v2: changes in affiliation and acknowledgement

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Characterization of the transgenic mouse lines. (A) Flowchart of experimental setup including tamoxifen injection, exposure duration and endpoint measurements. (B) Hematocrit levels in SMMHC-CreERT2; HIF-1��fl/fl (blue), GFAP-CreERT2; HIF-1��fl/fl (light green) and GLAST-CreERT2;HIF-1��fl/fl (dark green) mice treated with oil (Ctrl) or tamoxifen (LoF) after exposure to 96 h normoxia (Nx, 21% O2) or hypoxia (Hx, 8% O2). Two-way ANOVA, mean �� SD, n = 3���8, ****p

Partial label learning (PLL) is a typical weakly supervised learning framework, where each training instance is associated with a candidate label set, among which only one label is valid. To solve PLL problems, typically methods try to perform disambiguation for candidate sets by either using prior knowledge, such as structure information of training data, or refining model outputs in a self-training manner. Unfortunately, these methods often fail to obtain a favorable performance due to the lack of prior information or unreliable predictions in the early stage of model training. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for partial label learning with meta objective guided disambiguation (MoGD), which aims to recover the ground-truth label from candidate labels set by solving a meta objective on a small validation set. Specifically, to alleviate the negative impact of false positive labels, we re-weight each candidate label based on the meta loss on the validation set. Then, the classifier is trained by minimizing the weighted cross entropy loss. The proposed method can be easily implemented by using various deep networks with the ordinary SGD optimizer. Theoretically, we prove the convergence property of meta objective and derive the estimation error bounds of the proposed method. Extensive experiments on various benchmark datasets and real-world PLL datasets demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve competent performance when compared with the state-of-the-art methods., Comment: 10 pages