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Additional file 1: Appendix. International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems Codes for Lung Cancer. Appendix Table 2. Histology Codes for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Appendix Table 3a. CPT Codes for Lung Resection. Appendix Table 3b. ICD-9 Procedure Codes for Lung Resection. Appendix Table 3c. ICD-10 Procedure Codes for Lung Resection. Appendix Table 4. Stop Codes for VA Oncology Clinics. Appendix Table 5. Chemotherapy Drugs. Appendix Table 6. Radiation Therapy Codes. Appendix Table 7. Variation in Treatment Rates Across 108 Medical Centers. Appendix Table 8. Treatment Rates Based on Expanding Initial Treatment Time Window from 120 days to 180 days. Appendix Table 9. Treatment Rates Based on Varying Time Window Between CT and RT to Define CCRT. Appendix Table 10. Reasons for Not Receiving CCRT per Chart Review. Appendix Fig. 1. Total and Annual Treatment Rates in the Subgroup Seen at Medical Centers with Radiation Therapy (n = 2067). Appendix Fig. 2. Treatment Rates by Census Region in the Subgroup Seen at Medical Centers with Radiation Therapy (n = 2067). Appendix Fig. 3. Boxplot of Variation in Treatment Rates Across 38* Medical Centers that Provide Radiation Therapy.

Polypharmacy and the inappropriate use of medications is a prevalent, potentially harmful, and costly problem that can be addressed by deprescribing, which is defined as the “systematic process of identifying and discontinuing drugs when existing or potential harms outweigh existing or potential benefits within the context of an individual patient's care goals, functional status, life expectancy, values, and preferences.”1 Evidence from clinical trials has demonstrated that deprescribing interventions can reduce the number of potentially inappropriate medications; yet the next question of whether such interventions are cost-effective is often unanswered.2 In this commentary, we describe current practices in assessing the value of deprescribing interventions and their limitations, and then suggest potential improvements.