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Cette étude vise à identifier les adventices qui constituent la flore des plantations industrielles de canne à sucre des Unités Agricoles Intégrées de Côte d’Ivoire. Elle a permis d’établir la liste des adventices majeures et de montrer leur degré d’infestation dans les exploitations de canne à sucre. Pour mener à bien ce travail, la méthodologie a constitué à faire des placettes de 1500 m2 (30 m x 20 m). Dans ces placettes, chaque espèce rencontrée est évaluée par sa présence et son indice d’abondance-dominance. Les familles majoritaires sont celles des Poaceae, des Asteraceae, des Fabaceae, des Euphorbiaceae et des Cyperaceae. La plupart des espèces sont des Dicotylédones avec 69 %, dominé par les Thérophytes avec une proportion estimée à 29 %. Les espèces d’adventices les plus nuisibles à la culture de la canne à sucre sont : Lactuca taraxacifolia ; Passiflora foetida ; Ipomoea triloba ; Calopogonium mucunoides ; Cyperus rotundus L. ; Cucumis melo L. var. agrestis ; Desmodium scorpiurus ; Merremia peltata ; Mucuna pruriens ; Mondia whitei ; Tridax procumbens ; Rottboellia cochinchinensis ; Trianthema portulacastrum ; Desmodium tortuosum. La connaissance des adventices majeures dans la culture de canne à sucre est la première étape pour la mise en oeuvre d’un itinéraire technique efficace de gestion des bioagresseurs.Mots clés : Adventices, Canne à sucre, Unités Agricoles Intégrées. English Title: Major weeds of industrial sugar cane plots of integrated agricultural units in Côte d'Ivoire This study aimed at identifying the weeds that make up the flora of industrial sugar cane plantations of the Integrated Agricultural Units of Côte d'Ivoire. It has made to establish the list of major weeds and to show their level of infestation in sugar cane farms. To carry out this work, the methodology used was to make plots of 1500 m² (30 m x 20 m). In these plots, each species encountered was evaluated by its presence and its abundance-dominance index. The majority families are those of Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Cyperaceae. Most species are Dicotyledonous with 69% dominated by Therophytes (29%). The most harmful adventitious species for the cultivation of sugar cane are: Lactuca taraxacifolia; Passiflora foetida; Ipomoea triloba; Calopogonium mucunoides; Cyperus rotundus L.; Cucumis melo L. var. agrestis ; Desmodium scorpiurus ; Merremia peltata ; Mucuna pruriens ; Mondia whitei ; Tridax procumbens ; Rottboellia cochinchinensis ; Trianthema portulacastrum ; Desmodium tortuosum. The determination of major weeds in sugarcane cultivation is the preliminary stage of effective fight against biological constraints.Keywords : Weeds, sugarcane, Integrated Agricultural

Amaç: Ipomoea spp. ve Convolvulus spp. Convolvulaceae familyasına ait bitkilerden olup, tek veya çok yıllık olarak dünyada yaygın olarak bulunan istilacı yabancı otlardandır. Pek çok kültür bitkisinde sorun olan ve günümüzde istilacı özelliği ile ön plana çıkan Ipomoea ve Convolvulus türlerinin, yaygınlık ve yoğunluklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla Akdeniz bölgesinde sürvey çalışması yapılmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Akdeniz bölgesinde bulunan Antalya, Adana, Mersin, Hatay, Kahramanmaraş ve Osmaniye illerinde yapılan sürveylerde, her bir il merkezi başlangıç kabul edilmiştir. Sürveyler sırasında her 10 km’de bir rastlantısal olarak durulmuş ve en yakın tarım alanını temsil edecek şekilde 1 da’lık alandan örnekler alınmıştır. Her bir örnekleme noktasına 1m2’lik çerçeveden tesadüfi olarak 5 kez atılarak yabancı ot türlerinin sayımları yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Akdeniz bölgesi genelinde Convolvulaceae familyasından Convolvulus cinsine ait 5 ve Ipomoea cinsine ait 3 olmak üzere 8 yabancı ot türü belirlenmiştir. Bunların türleri, yaygınlık (%) ve yoğunlukları (adet/m2), sırasıyla, Convolvulus arvensis L. (52.32 ve 0.57), Convolvulus scammonia L. (0.86 ve >0.01), Convolvulus stachydifolius Coisy (0.69 ve 0.01), Convolvulus betonicifolius Mill. (0.52 ve >0.01),Convolvulus galaticus Roston. ex Choisy (0.17 ve >0.01), Ipomoea triloba L. (9.12 ve 0.13), Ipomoea hederacea (Linn) Jacq. (3.44 ve 0.02) ve Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth. (1.20 ve 0.01)’dır.

Calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPKs) is one of the calcium-sensing proteins in plants. They are likely to play important roles in growth and development and abiotic stress responses. However, these functions have not been explored in sweet potato. In this study, we identified 39 CDPKs in cultivated hexaploid sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas, 2n = 6x = 90), 35 CDPKs in diploid relative Ipomoea trifida (2n = 2x = 30), and 35 CDPKs in Ipomoea triloba (2n = 2x = 30) via genome structure analysis and phylogenetic characterization, respectively. The protein physiological property, chromosome localization, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, promoter cis-acting regulatory elements, and protein interaction network were systematically investigated to explore the possible roles of homologous CDPKs in the growth and development and abiotic stress responses of sweet potato. The expression profiles of the identified CDPKs in different tissues and treatments revealed tissue specificity and various expression patterns in sweet potato and its two diploid relatives, supporting the difference in the evolutionary trajectories of hexaploid sweet potato. These results are a critical first step in understanding the functions of sweet potato CDPK genes and provide more candidate genes for improving yield and abiotic stress tolerance in cultivated sweet potato.

One of the biggest obstacles to organic maize cultivation is weed management. The aim of this work was to evaluate the mowing and weeding in the control of densities of Ipomoea triloba (morning glory) in competition with maize. The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design, with four replications, in the factorial scheme 3 x 3 + 1. The first factor was constituted by three densities of the species I. triloba and the second by three weed management. The additional treatment consisted in the cultivation of maize free from I. triloba interference. The mowing done in the V4 stage of maize did not minimize the competition of I. triloba. Weeding was more efficient for control at higher densities. The I. tribola showed regrowth and despite accumulating reduced dry mass, it was more efficient in the uptake of N, P, K, and Mg in relation to the uncropped plants.

Ipomoea triloba is a plant native to tropical America and has been observed in cotton fields in Antalya Province, Turkey. Ipomoea triloba was identified in 2014 after a warning from the Centre of the Farmers’ Union (Antbirlik). Subsequent field surveys showed that this plant has been considered as a weed by farmers in this region for the last two decades; it has spread in non-agricultural habitats but due to its limited presence did not receive much attention. The spread of I. triloba has increased over the last 5 years to such an extent that it cannot be controlled by existing methods including herbicides. It has established not only in agricultural areas but also in other habitats such as roadsides, irrigation channel edges and coastal regions. This paper provides the first botanical description report of I. triloba in the defined area, an evaluation of environmental and socioeconomic impacts, current status and management activities. Based on all available information the authors concluded that pest risk analysis should be conducted on I. triloba. Furthermore, it should be regarded not only as an environmental weed but also as an agricultural weed and kept under surveillance in Turkey. © 2018 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2018 OEPP/EPPO

Study on the used of medicinal plants by Marind people who lived at Wasur National Park, Merauke was conducted by using descriptive methods which include observation, interview, documentation, literature review techniques, as well as emic and ethic approaches. During the study there were 46 species which belong to 26 families plants found as medicinal plants used by Marind people to cure about 30 diseases. Among 46 species, there were 7 potential medicinal plant species which known and used by most Marind people. The seven potential medicinal plant species were Ipomoea triloba L., Bauhinia sp., Pittosporum sp., Kingiodendron platycarpum Bent., Sophora tool mentosa L. Cyrtandra sp., dan Tinopspora disstiflora L. Part of plant used vary from leaf, root, bark, fruit and other part of plant. Compare to other part of plant, leaf was the most common used as traditional medicinal plant. Key words : traditional medicinal plant, Marind people, Wasur National Park

It is vital to apply suitable strategies to restore insect diversity to maintain sustainability and productivity in ecosystems. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the insect richness and diversity of three different planting designs in order to conserve insects and to promote such designs locally. Based on previous studies seven wild plants viz., Spermacoce assurgens, Leucas zeylanica, Tridax procumbens, Merremia tridentata, Emilia sonchifolia, Ipomoea triloba and Cyanthillium cinereum were selected as wild plants, while Z. elegans was selected as an ornamental plant. Three planting designs (3×3 m), with only wild plants, wild plants enriched with Z. elegans and only Z. elegans were established in the university premises. Monitoring of insects was done in three designs at hourly intervals from 6.00 a.m to 6.00 p.m on 6 sunny days. The highest insect richness (83) was recorded by the design with wild plants enriched with Z. elegans followed by the design with only wild plants (78) and the design with only Z. elegans (44). When consider the insect diversity, the design with wild plants enriched with Z. elegans recorded the highest diversity of H'=3.4146 followed by design with only wild plants (H'=3.045) and design with only Z. elegans (H'=1.77246). Further, the design with wild plants enriched with Z. elegans need less maintenance compared to the plot with only Z. elegans, and it could be promoted in establishing of plantings in urban areas in view of conservation of insect richness and aesthetics enhancement.

The curvature of the helical trajectory formed by herbaceous stem‐twiners has been hypothesized to be constant on uniformly sized cylindrical supports and remains constant on different supports varying in diameter. However, experimental studies on the constant curvature hypothesis have been very limited. Here, we tested the hypothesis in a series of experiments on five herbaceous stem‐twiners (Ipomoea triloba, Ipomoea nil, Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata, and Mikania micrantha). We investigated how internode characteristics (curvature [β], diameter [d], and length [L]) and success rate (SR) of twining shoots would be affected by support thickness (D), temperature (T), illumination, and support inclination. The results showed that: (1) the SR of tested species decreased, but d increased with increasing support thickness. The β of the twining shoots on erect cylindrical poles was not constant, but it decreased with increasing d or support thickness. (2) The SR of tested species was not obviously reduced under low‐temperature conditions, but their β was significantly higher and d significantly lower when temperature was more than 5°C lower. (3) The SR , d, and L of two tested Ipomoea species significantly declined, but β increased under 50% shading stress. (4) The curvatures of upper semicycles of I. triloba shoots on 45° inclined supports were not significantly different from curvatures of those shoots climb on erect supports, whereas the curvatures of lower semicycles were 40%–72% higher than curvatures of upper semicycles. Synthesis: Our study illustrates that stem curvatures of a certain herbaceous stem‐twiners are not constant, but rather vary in response to external support, temperature, and illumination conditions. We speculate that herbaceous stem‐twiners positively adapt to wide‐diameter supports by thickening their stems and by reducing their twining curvatures. This insight helps us better understand climbing processes and dynamics of stem‐twiners in forest communities and ecosystems.

O uso repetitivo do herbicida glyphosate e em elevadas doses tem selecionado biótipos de plantas daninhas resistentes, além de favorecer à seleção de plantas tolerantes ao mesmo. A solução mais comum nestes casos é a inclusão de herbicidas alternativos no sistema de produção, aplicados de forma isolada ou misturados em tanque. Desta forma, este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia e a interação de misturas de saflufenacil com o herbicida glyphosate para controle de plantas daninhas. Foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos independentes, avaliando-se duas espécies de plantas daninhas, uma monocotiledônea (capim-amargoso - Digitaria insularis) e uma dicotiledônea (corda-de-viola - Ipomoea triloba). Os tratamentos constaram de esquema fatorial 4x4, com quatro doses do herbicida glyphosate (0, 360, 720 e 1.080 g e.a. ha-1) e quatro doses do herbicida saflufenacil (0, 21, 42 e 63 g ha-1). Em ambos os trabalhos se adotou delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso e cinco repetições. Dentre as combinações testadas, a mistura foi considerada aditiva para o capim-amargoso e para a corda-de-viola. Estas misturas foram consideradas importantes ferramentas para controle de plantas daninhas resistentes e tolerantes nos sistemas de produção, sendo o saflufenacil uma excelente molécula a ser utilizada em acompanhamento ao herbicida glyphosate.

Seeds of several weed species have distinct development when germinating under different conditions of temperature, promoting variation on the management system. Thus, this work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the influence of temperature on the germination of five weed species of Convolvulaceae family, commonly known as morning glory. The work was performed in termogradient table and constituted by five independent experiments, divided by species, in a factorial combination of nine treatments (temperatures) and two seed dormancy breaking conditions (with or without acid scarification). The weed species were: Ipomoea triloba, I. hederifolia, I. quamoclit, I. nil and Merremia cissoides. Nine temperature intervals between 15 and 35oC were evaluated, under 8 hours of daily photoperiod. Experimental design adopted was totally randomized with four replicates. Percentage of germination was evaluated daily; the speed of germination index was calculated for the species. Generally, it was evident that temperatures lower than 17,2 oC reduced significantly germination of all species, inhibiting germination of I. quamoclit. Species demonstrated capacity of germinating on temperatures from 20oC to 35oC. Acid scarification of seeds with sulfuric acid was able of increasing significantly the percentage of seed germination.

Members of the Convolvulaceae family are known to be sensitive to aminocyclopyrachlor, although little is known about the absorption, translocation and metabolism of the herbicide in these species of weed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the absorption, translocation and metabolism of ¹⁴C‐aminocyclopyrachlor in young plants of Ipomoea purpurea and Ipomoea triloba. Assessments were performed at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment (HAT) for the study of absorption and translocation. Metabolism was assessed at three time points (3, 24 and 72 HAT). In terms of absorption, was observed a difference between species at the 3 and 48 HAT time points, where I. purpurea had a higher absorption of ¹⁴C‐aminocyclopyrachlor. No differences were observed between species at any other time points. Of the total absorbed herbicide, 90.9% for I. purpurea and 91.8% for I. triloba were detected on the treated leaf. I. purpurea presented higher translocation to the leaf above the treated leaf, while I. triloba showed higher translocation to the lower leaves and roots. No increase in absorption of ¹⁴C‐aminocyclopyrachlor was observed above 24 HAT for I. purpurea and above 6 HAT for I. triloba, and translocation was low (

This study aims to determine the species of Liana plants found in Educational Forest of Muhammadiyah University of Centre Bengkulu withinConservation Forest of Bukit Barisan located in Kepahyang Regency of Bengkulu Province. This survey method research was conducted on March-April 2017. Sampling was collected in the plots placed along transect line in the forest which have temperature range from 27–31 O C and humidity range 76-87%. The result found that of 20 Liana plants species belong to 9 families. Asteraceae family consist of 1 species of Mikania micrantha, family Araceae consist of 1 species of Pothos scandens, family Convolvulaceae consist of 4 species namely Ipomoea triloba, Ipomoea cairica, Merremia peltata, Merremia vitifolia, family Dioscorea consist of 1 species of Dioscorea hispida, family Fabaceae consist of 2 species of Calopogonium mucunoides, Centrosema pubescens, family Menispermaceae consist of 3 species of Cyclea barbata, Pericampylus glaucus, Tinospora crispa, family Palmae cinsist of 4 species namely Calamus caesius, Calamus manan, Daemonorops sabut, Korthalsia rigida, famili Piperaceae consist of 3 species of Piper betle, Piper nigrum, Piper ornatum, family Schizaeaceae consist of 1 species of Lygodium flexuosum.

The research objective was to quantify the development and survivorship rate of S. dorsalis in different phenological stages of mango and selected weeds. The research was conducted in the laboratory of PT. Trigatra Rajasa, Mango plantation in Ketowan, Arjasa, Situbondo, East Java, Indonesia from February to September 2015. The development and survivorship rate were done through observation of life span of S. dorsalis from egg to pupa. Analysis of Variance and Duncan Multiple Range Test (p = 0.05) with 5 replications were applied to ensure the significant differences among the treatments. The result showed that development and survivorship of Scirtothrips dorsalis were supported by mango flushes and flower as well as some weeds such as Leucania leucochepala , Ipomoea triloba , Achalypha indica , Desmanthus leptophyllus and Azadirachta indica as source of food. Achalypha indica was the most suitable host with development time (12.82 ± 0.21 days) and survivorship (33 %). Weed Tridax procumbent , Momordica charantia and Mimosa pudica were unable to provide the living requirement for immature developmental stage of S. dorsalis.

In agricultural production systems where the glyphosate-resistant soybean crop (Glycine max) is grown and the practice of crop rotation with alternative herbicides is not adopted, the exclusive and continuous use of glyphosate has led to the occurrence of resistant weed populations that may limit or compromise the benefits of this technology. Thus, the efficacy of weed management programs, including the use of residual herbicides (sulfentrazone, flumioxazin, imazethapyr, diclosulan, chlorimuron and s-metolachlor) applied in preemergence and followed by in-crop postemergence applications of glyphosate (PRE-POST) were compared to glyphosate postemergence only programs - POST. The study was conducted across nine locations during the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 growing seasons. PRE-POST programs were efficient in the control of Amaranthus viridis, Brachiaria plantaginea, Bidens pilosa, Commelina benghalensis, Eleusine indica, Euphorbia heterophylla and Raphanus raphanistrum, with the level of control being similar when comparing the program with two applications of glyphosate POST. Some PRE-POST programs were not efficient in controlling Cenchrus echinatus, Ipomoea hederifolia and Ipomoea triloba. Sulfentrazone and diclosulam PRE-POST programs improved the control of Ipomoea triloba compared to sequential applications of glyphosate alone. No significant differences in soybean yield were observed between any of the herbicide treatments or study locations. The use of residual herbicides in preemergence followed by glyphosate in-crop postemergence provides consistent weed control and reducing early season weed competition. Furthermore, these programs utilize at least two herbicide modes of action for herbicide use diversity, which will be needed to stay ahead of resistance build-up, regardless of when weeds may appear.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:52:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582012000300007.pdf: 675632 bytes, checksum: 1e1ba5946c733fcd77f35310ee060730 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:52:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-83582012000300007.pdf: 675632 bytes, checksum: 1e1ba5946c733fcd77f35310ee060730 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:43:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582012000300007.pdf: 675632 bytes, checksum: 1e1ba5946c733fcd77f35310ee060730 (MD5) S0100-83582012000300007.pdf.txt: 30605 bytes, checksum: e128412a98961d5d0f876f62168def71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:19:56Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582012000300007.pdf: 675632 bytes, checksum: 1e1ba5946c733fcd77f35310ee060730 (MD5) S0100-83582012000300007.pdf.txt: 30605 bytes, checksum: e128412a98961d5d0f876f62168def71 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:19:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-83582012000300007.pdf: 675632 bytes, checksum: 1e1ba5946c733fcd77f35310ee060730 (MD5) S0100-83582012000300007.pdf.txt: 30605 bytes, checksum: e128412a98961d5d0f876f62168def71 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-01 Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a fluorescência através da taxa de transporte de elétrons, consumo de água e intoxicação de plantas de Ipomoea triloba após aplicação de quatro herbicidas de diferentes mecanismos de ação. Os herbicidas aplicados foram: glyphosate, haloxyfop-methyl, diuron e amicarbazone. A aplicação foi feita com auxílio de um pulverizador estacionário instalado em laboratório; após a aplicação dos tratamentos, as plantas foram mantidas em casa de vegetação. Foi avaliada a taxa de transporte de elétrons (ETR), o consumo de água e a intoxicação das plantas em vários períodos após o início do experimento. Os dados de ETR e fitointoxicação foram expressos em porcentagem da testemunha e submetidos à análise de variância e à comparação das médias. Quanto ao consumo de água, os dados foram acumulados e ajustados por modelos de regressão. Assim, pode-se dizer que o fluorômetro é uma ferramenta adequada para verificar a intoxicação antecipada em plantas de I. triloba tratadas com os herbicidas amicarbazone e diuron, visto que a inibição da ETR foi verificada antes de qualquer intoxicação visual sofrida por essas plantas; o consumo de água está relacionado diretamente com o transporte de elétrons, com exceção das plantas submetidas ao haloxyfop-methyl, que não sofreram interferência no transporte de elétrons, mas reduziram o consumo de água. This work was carried out to evaluate fluorescence through electron transport rate (ETR), water consumption and intoxication of Ipomoea triloba after application of four herbicides with different mechanisms of action. The herbicides glyphosate, haloxyfop-methyl, diuron, and amicarbazone were applied using a stationary sprayer installed in the laboratory. After application, the plants were kept under greenhouse conditions. Electron transport rate, water consumption and plant intoxication were evaluated at various periods after the start of the experiment. ETR and intoxication data were expressed as percentage of control and subjected to analysis of variance and comparison of means. The water consumption data were accumulated and adjusted to regression models. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the fluorometer is an appropriate tool to verify anticipated toxicity in plants of I. triloba treated with the herbicides amicarbazone and diuron, whereas ETR inhibition was observed before any visual intoxication experienced by the plants. Also, water consumption was found to be directly related to ETR, except for the plants subjected to haloxyfop-methyl which did not suffer electron transport interference, but reduced water consumption. UNESP FCA Dep. de Agricultura UNESP FCA Dep. de Agricultura

Experiments were conducted in the laboratory and screenhouse to determine the effects of scarification; alternating day/night temperatures; light, salt, and water stress; seed burial depth; and rice residue on seed germination and seedling emergence of threelobe morningglory, and to evaluate the response of this weed to commonly available POST herbicides in the Philippines. Germination was stimulated by seed scarification, suggesting that inhibition of germination in this species is mainly due to the hard seed coat. Germination of the scarified seeds was not influenced by the tested temperatures (alternating day/night temperatures of 25/15, 30/20, and 35/25 C) and light. The concentrations of sodium chloride, ranging from 0 to 250 mM, did not influence germination of the scarified seeds of threelobe morningglory. The osmotic potential required for 50% inhibition of maximum germination was −0.35 MPa, although some seeds germinated at −0.6 MPa. Seedling emergence was greatest for the seeds placed on the soil surface (96%), and emergence declined with increased burial depth in soil. The burial depth required for 50% inhibition of maximum emergence was 2.8 cm. No seedlings emerged from a burial depth of 6 cm or greater. Residues of up to 6 Mg ha−1on the soil surface did not influence seedling emergence of threelobe morningglory. The herbicide 2,4-D at 400 g ai ha−1provided excellent control of threelobe morningglory when applied at the four-leaf (100%) and six-leaf (97%) stages. However, at the eight-leaf stage, percent control was reduced to 67% and herbicide rate had to be increased twofold to achieve 95% control. The information gained from this study could contribute to developing components of integrated weed management strategies for threelobe morningglory. Soil inversion by tillage to bury weed seeds below their maximum depth of emergence and early application of an effective POST herbicide could serve as important tools for managing threelobe morningglory.

A solução mais comum para as falhas no controle de plantas daninhas no sistema de produção é a inclusão de herbicidas alternativos, aplicados de forma isolada ou misturados em tanque. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a eficácia e a interação de misturas de metsulfuron-methyl e glyphosate para controle de plantas daninhas. Para tanto, foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos independentes, avaliando-se diferentes bioindicadores, uma monocotiledônea (capim-amargoso - Digitaria insularis) e uma dicotiledônea (corda-de-viola - Ipomoea triloba). Os tratamentos constaram de esquema fatorial 5x5, correspondendo o primeiro fator às cinco doses do herbicida glyphosate (0, 180, 360, 540 e 720 g e.a. ha-1) e o segundo fator às cinco doses do herbicida metsulfuron-methyl (0; 1,2; 2,4; 3,6 e 4,8 g i.a. ha-1). Em ambos os experimentos se adotou delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com seis repetições. A aplicação da mistura de glyphosate e metsulfuron-methyl sobre o capim-amargoso foi considerada aditiva em todas as doses utilizadas; já sobre a corda-de-viola, a adição de metsulfuron-methyl à calda de glyphosate eleva o controle absoluto da mistura, porém com magnitude aquém da esperada, o que denota caráter antagônico.

The distribution and organization of 5S and 18S-5.8S-26S (18S) rDNA were studied in 10 varieties of hexaploid Ipomoea batatas, five accessions of tetraploid Ipomeoa trifida, and six related species (five diploids, I. trifida, I. triloba, I. tiliacea, I. leucantha and I. setosa and one tetraploid, I. tabascana), by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The FISH data obtained indicated that polyploidization was followed by decrease in the number of 18S rDNA loci in higher ploidy level and provided evidence for major genomic rearrangements and/or diploidization in polyploid I. batatas. Among the five diploid species examined, I. trifida appeared to be the most closely related to I. batatas. By contrast, I. leucantha was closed to I. tiliacea, but both species were distant from sweet potato. I. triloba and I. setosa were distantly related to the rest of Ipomoea batatas complex. The close relationship between I. trifida and I. batatas was also demonstrated by the presence of one 18S and CMA marker in these two chromosome complements only. Based on chromosome morphology, tetraploid I. trifida appeared to be more closely related to sweet potato than I. tabascana. Taking all data obtained in this study, I. trifida might be the progenitor of I. batatas, and I. tabascana, interspecific hybrid between these two species.

Ipomoea triloba L. and Merremia dissecta (Jacq.) Hallier f. are reported here as an addition to the flora of Telangana. Detailed descriptions and photo plates are provided to facilitate its easy identification.

We evaluated a 4x accession of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. and four 2x accessions of Ipomoea triloba for 2n pollen production. Approximately 90% of the genotypes of accession 81.2 (I. batatas, 4x) produced 2n pollen with different frequencies. In contrast, none of the genotypes of I. triloba produced 2n pollen. The diameter of the 2n pollen was approximately 30% ((3) sqrt 2) larger than that of the n pollen, making it easy to identify, measure, and quantify. The correlation (r = 0.93**) between the frequency of giant pollen and the frequency of dyads and triads was highly significant, strongly suggesting that the giant pollen grains were 2n pollen. The 2n pollen producers presented either a parallel or tripolar spindle arrangement (Y shaped) at anaphase II instead of the normal 60 degrees crossed spindle orientation. These two abnormal spindle configurations produced dyads and triads, with different frequencies (13-67%), instead of tetrads. Occasionally a metaphase II spindle variation was found with a single fused spindle, which also forms a dyad. The correlation (r = 0.89**) between the frequency of 2n pollen and the frequency of parallel, fused, and tripolar spindle arrangements was also highly significant, suggesting that these abnormal spindle configurations are involved in the production of 2n pollen in I. batatas. When we evaluated the efficiency of 2n pollen in polyploidization using 4x x 4x (2n) crosses, all progenies were 4x, suggesting the existence of barriers to crossability between 4x genotypes and their 2n pollen-producer counterparts.

Genetic diversity and relationships of 40 accessions of Ipomoea, representing ten species of series Batatas, were examined using ISSR markers and restriction-site variation in four non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. A total of 2071 ISSR fragments were generated with 15 primers in these accessions and, on average, 52 bands per accession were amplified. Most of the primers contained dinucleotide repeats. The ISSR fragments were highly polymorphic (62.2%) among the 40 accessions studied. Restriction analysis of chloroplast (cp) DNA revealed 47 informative restriction-site and length mutations. Phylogenetic analyses of ISSR and cpDNA datasets generally revealed similar relationships at the interspecific level, but the high polymorphism of ISSRs resulted in a better separation of intraspecific accessions. However, the combined ISSR and cpDNA dataset appeared to be appropriate in resolving both intra- and interspecific relationships. Of the species examined, I. trifida was found to be the most closely related to cultivated sweetpotato, the hexaploid I. batatas, while I. ramosissima and I. umbraticola were the most distantly related to I. batatas within the series. Ipomoea triloba, hitherto considered to be one of the ancestors of sweetpotato, was only distantly related to sweetpotato based on ISSR similarity index.

The etiology and epidemiology of concentric leaf spot and seedling blight diseases of yam (Dioscorea spp) was investigated at Jbadan, south western Nigeria, in the low land humid tropics. Sclerotium rolfsii was associated with the concentric leaf spot and seedling blight of yam. The pathogen was also harbored by weeds namely Mucuna pruriensis, Commelina erecta, ipomea triloba, I. involucrataand Ipomoea sp found growing within the yam plots. A high mean inoculum densities of 3.0 ± 0.5 × 106 colony forming unit/g of soil was estimated in the soil samples obtained from the yam plots

In the present study, effort was made to identify alternative host of CLCuD-begomovirus and betasatellite based on PCR, using specific primers targeting partial C1 and CP gene of CLCuDbegomovirus and #C1 gene of betasatellite. A total number of 30 weeds and other hosts under 15 host species under 10 plant families were collected from cotton field and its surrounding of Sri Ganganagar and Hanumangarh districts of Rajasthan, and cotton fields of ICAR-IARI, New Delhi. The CP gene was detected in Blumea sp. and brinjal; #C1 gene in Abutilon theophrasti, Croton sp., Ipomoea triloba and brinjal; and partial C1 gene in Abutilon theophrasti, Croton sp., Ipomoea triloba, Ageratum conyzoides, wild cucurbit and brinjal. These weed and other hosts can act as reservoirs of CLCuD and its associated satellite molecules.

Nine species of angiosperm viz., Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino, Cardamine flexuosa With., Eragrostis patula (Kunth) Steud., Ipomoea triloba L., Ischaemum bombaiense Bor, Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC., Sida mysorensis Wight & Arn., Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. and S. sisymbriifolium Lam. are reported for the first time from the state of Chhattisgarh.

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) breeding has been hampered by self-and cross-incompatibilities that are frequently encountered among the plants in the section Batatas. Ovule culture techniques were developed to assist in overcoming some of these incompatibilities. Ovules that contain embryos at the late globular to heart shaped stage of development were cultured on MS medium containing full strength or one-half strength salts with 3%, 8% or 12% sucrose. Ovules were cultured either intact or after slicing. Ovules of I. triloba and I. trifida were successfully cultured as early as 3 and 4 days after pollination while sweet potato ovules were successfully cultured 5 and 6 days after pollination. The percentage of ovules with developing embryos on the media tested ranged from 27.8% to 50.2%. The highest percentage of embryos developed when the ovules were sliced and cultured on medium containing one-half MS salts and 8% sucrose. Three plants were recovered from cultured ovules of incompatible interspecific crosses.

Plants were regenerated from protoplasts of Ipomoea triloba L., one of the related species of sweet potato (I. batatas (L.) LAM.) at a high frequency. Protoplasts were isolated from in vitro-grown plants of I. triloba L. and then cultured in a modified liquid MURASHIGE and SKOOG (MS) medium containing 0.5mg/l 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 1.0mg/l kinetin. First cell division occurred within 3-4 days. After 2 weeks protoplast plating efficiency was up to about 60%. After 12 weeks protoplast-derlved calli up to 2 mm in diameter were transferred onto solid MS medium supplemented with 0.2mg/l 2, 4-D for the proliferation. Three weeks after transference, they were further transferred onto MS medium supplemented with 0- 0.1mg/l 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) and 1.0-5.0mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (regeneration medium) and after 2 weeks started to form adventitious roots. Subsequently, the calli were further cultured on MS medium without plant growth regulators and started to regenerate shoots 5 days after transference. When 2.0mg/l BAP was added to the regeneration medium, the regeneration frequency of protoplast-derived calli up to 36.7% was achieved. It was found that (0.2mg/l) 2, 4-D included in the proliferation medium played an important role in promoting shoot regeneration. After the regenerated shoots were transferred onto fresh MS medium without plant growth regulators, they developed into whole plants which were grown to maturity in pots with vermiculite.

Ipomoea triloba Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 161. 1753. "Habitat in America." RCN: 1287. Lectotype (Austin in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 105: 127. 1978): [icon] "Convolvulus pentaphyllos minor, flore purpureo" in Sloane, Voy. Jamaica 1: 153, t. 97, f. 1. 1707. - Typotype: Herb. Sloane 3: 5 (BM-SL). Current name: Ipomoea triloba L. (Convolvulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part I), pp. 586-598 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 593, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

The potential yield of corn may be affected by weed interference. The aim of this research was evaluate the chemical control of weed in fields of corn (BRS 1035), with sub lethal rates of nicosulfuron associated with atrazine in order to reduce doses without lose large spectrum of action in the control of weed community. The herbicides treatments were: nicosulfuron at 20, 40 e 60 g ha -1 , nicosulfuron + atrazine at 20 + 1000 and 40 + 1000 g ha -1 and a check without weed management. The crops management was the same from region. The spraying was done with CO 2 backpack pressurized equipment at 210 kPa, with four spray nozzles DG 11002, at 200 Lha -1 of application volume. The evaluations were based on the efficacy of herbicides and production characteristics and weight of 100 grains. It may be concluded that using nicosulfuron associated to atrazine showed satisfactory control of Ipomoea triloba, Alternanthera tenella and Digitaria horizontalis . The major grains productivity of corn was obtained with the application of nicosulfuron + atrazine at 40 + 1000 g ha -1 . The weight of 100 grains was not affected by the weed community and herbicides treatments.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T12:37:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-07-07T12:45:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ISSN2236-1065-2011-10-03-200-209.pdf: 243016 bytes, checksum: 2f2dba578f0088513629254ac7f7eb0f (MD5) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a eficácia de herbicidas associados com palha de cana-de-açúcar no controle de Urochloa decumbens e Ipomoea triloba, após simulação de diferentes períodos de precipitação pluvial. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação, em vasos preenchidos com solo, sendo colocados sobre os mesmos o equivalente a 0, 5 e 10 t ha-1 de palha de cana-de-açúcar, logo após a semeadura das espécies infestantes. Os herbicidas mesotrione, mistura formulada [hexazinone + diuron] e imazapic foram aplicados em pré-emergência nos vasos com ou sem palha e com solo seco. No primeiro experimento, simulouse uma precipitação de 30 mm a 1 dia após a aplicação (DAA), e no segundo a mesma precipitação aos 14 DAA. A associação da palha de cana-de-açúcar com o herbicida [hexazinone + diuron] não altera sua eficácia. Já a associação com imazapic contribui para o aumento do controle das espécies infestantes. Para o herbicida mesotrione, a simulação de precipitação tardia reduziu o controle de I. triloba. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides associated with sugarcane straw on the control of Ipomoea triloba and Urochloa decumbens after simulation of different time periods of rain. Two experiments were conducted in greenhouse in pots filled with soil, being placed on them the equivalent of 0, 5 and 10 t ha-1 of sugarcane straw, after weed species sowing. The herbicides mesotrione, formulated mixture of [hexazinone+diuron] and imazapic were applied in pre-emergence on the pots with or without straw and with dry soil. At the first experiment, it was simulated a rainfall of 30 mm 1 day after application (DAA), and at the second experiment, the same quantity of rain was simulated 14 DAA. The association of sugarcane straw with the herbicide [hexazinone + diuron] does not alter its efficacy. However, the association of sugarcane atraw with imazapic increase the weed control. For the mesotrione herbicide, the late simulation of rainfall reduced I. triloba control. Embrapa Hortaliças, Brasília, DF, Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA), Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal, Botucatu, SP, Brasil Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Departamento de Fitotecnia e Zootecnia, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA), Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento Vegetal, Botucatu, SP, Brasil

Flowers of Ipomoea triloba, I. setifera, I. battatas, and Aniseia martinicensis growing in three areas of disturbed vegetation in Costa Rica were visited by a large number of foraging insects during the dry-season months of February and March 1967. The commonest foragers collecting pollen or nectar, or both, were bees in the families Anthophoridae, Apidae, Colletidae, and Halictidae. The species of bees varied with the locality and with the species of plant, but an ordered and predictable sequence in groups of foragers was seen throughout the few hours in the morning that the flowers remained open. Each species of bee had a foraging period for a definite portion of the morning, and the peak activity was often at a different time for each species of bee, usually in mid-or late morning. The average time of an individual bee visit to a flower varied also, and the longest individual visits were early in the morning in at least four genera. The average number of insect visits to 106 flowers was about 20, but ranged from 1 to 142. These flowers seemed morphologically well suited for cross pollination, and the bees foraging in them doubtless served as effective pollen vectors.

Ipomoea triloba, spec. nov. 12. Ipomoea foliis trilobis cordatis, pedunculis trifloris. Convolvulus pentaphyllos minor, flore purpureo? Sloan. jam. 55. hist. 1. p.153. t.97. f.1. Raj. suppl. 381. Habitat in America . ��� Caulis volubilis, angulatus. Folia cordata, profunde triloba: intermedio ovato; lateralibus semicordatis, integerrima, glabra. Pedunculi triflori. Corollae cylindricae, violaceae. Stigmata duo, globosa. Capsulae pilosae. * * Floribus aggregatis., Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 161, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989