Search

Background and aims: Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystem disorder, characterized by cholestasis. Existing outcome data are largely derived from tertiary centers, and real-world data are lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the natural history of liver disease in a contemporary, international cohort of children with ALGS. Approach and results: This was a multicenter retrospective study of children with a clinically and/or genetically confirmed ALGS diagnosis, born between January 1997 and August 2019. Native liver survival (NLS) and event-free survival rates were assessed. Cox models were constructed to identify early biochemical predictors of clinically evident portal hypertension (CEPH) and NLS. In total, 1433 children (57% male) from 67 centers in 29 countries were included. The 10 and 18-year NLS rates were 54.4% and 40.3%. By 10 and 18 years, 51.5% and 66.0% of children with ALGS experienced >= 1 adverse liver-related event (CEPH, transplant, or death). Children (>6 and = 5.0 and = 10.0 mg/dl had an 8.0-fold (95% CI, 3.4-18.4) increased risk of developing CEPH compared with those 10.0 mg/dl were associated with a 4.8 (95% CI, 2.4-9.7) and 15.6 (95% CI, 8.7-28.2) increased risk of transplantation relative to = 5.0 mg/dl, with 79% reaching adulthood with native liver (p < 0.001). Conclusions: in this large international cohort of ALGS, only 40.3% of children reach adulthood with their native liver. A TB, This study received funding support from the following agencies: The Alagille Syndrome Alliance, Mirum Pharmaceuticals Inc. and Albireo Pharma, Inc. who provided unrestricted educational grants to the Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids Foundation). The study sponsors were not involved in the conduct of the research study or preparation of the manuscript.

Congestion is a cardinal sign of heart failure (HF). In the past, it was seen as a homogeneous epiphenomenon that identified patients with advanced HF. However, current evidence shows that congestion in HF varies in quantity and distribution. This updated view advocates for a congestive-driven classification of HF according to onset (acute vs. chronic), regional distribution (systemic vs. pulmonary), compartment of distribution (intravascular vs. extravascular), and clinical vs. subclinical. Thus, this review will focus on the utility of circulating biomarkers for assessing and managing the different fluid overload phenotypes. This discussion focused on the clinical utility of the natriuretic peptides, carbohydrate antigen 125 (also called mucin 16), bio-adrenomedullin and mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin, ST2 (also known as interleukin-1 receptor-like 1), cluster of differentiation 146, troponin, C-terminal pro-endothelin-1, and parameters of haemoconcentration. The utility of circulation biomarkers on top of clinical evaluation, haemodynamics, and imaging needs to be better determined by dedicated studies. Some multiparametric frameworks in which these tools contribute to management are proposed.

Przedmiotem analizy w niniejszym artykule jest pozycja i rola biegłego sądowego w systemach prawnych common law oraz istniejące gwarancje jego bezstronności. Zagadnienie jest o tyle interesujące, że w państwach tych odmiennie niż w Europie kontynentalnej strony samodzielnie zbierają materiał procesowy, a sądy na ogół nie tylko nie odgrywają dominującej, ale często nawet i subsydiarnej roli w zakresie postępowania dowodowego. Z uwagi zaś na fakt, że wprowadzanie dowodów do procesu odbywa się przy biernej postawie sędziego zawodowego, który skupia się na czuwaniu nad prawidłowym jego przebiegiem, to na stronach, a pośrednio właśnie na biegłym, w ogromnej mierze spoczywa odpowiedzialność za wynik procesu.

The perforating cutaneous nerve/ perforating nerve of the sacrotuberous ligament is rarely observed. It usually arises from the posterior division of the sacral plexus or the pudendal nerve and perforates the sacrotuberous ligament. The anatomy of this nerve and its variants is poorly described in the literature, but there are data indicating its role in pudendal neuralgia. Herein, we present an anatomical study of six formalin-fixed cadavers with descriptions of the topography of spinal nerves S2-S4, the pudendal bundle, the perforating cutaneous nerve and the sacrotuberous ligament. We found three perforating cutaneous nerves and described each of them in detail, with measurements of length and width, and point of perforation of the sacrotuberous ligament. We distinguished three types of perforating cutaneous nerve on the basis of our findings and previous publications; two of the three types were observed in our study.

Insecticides are dedicated to impair the insect organisms, but also have an impact on other, non-target organisms, including humans. In this way, they became important risk factor for disturbance of physiological homeostasis and can be involved in the development of diseases or in deterioration of existing conditions. The influence of sublethal doses of various insecticides on vertebrates’ and invertebrates’ organisms has been previously observed. In this paper, we have evaluated the impact of exposure to extremely low dose of neurotoxin, bendiocarb (0.1 nM), a commonly used carbamate insecticide on a model organism in neurobiology—Periplaneta americana. The assessment was performed on all levels of animal organism from molecular (oxidative stress parameters: phosphorylation level of proteins, cAMP level, protein kinase A and C levels, and octopamine) to physiological (heart beat and gas exchange tests) and behavioral (motor skills assay, grooming test). Exposure to such a low level of bendiocarb did not cause direct paralysis of insects, but changed their grooming behavior, decreased heart rate, and increased gas exchange. We also observed the increased parameters of oxidative stress as well as stressogenic response to 0.1 nM bendiocarb exposure. Exposure to a trace amount of bendiocarb also increased sensitivity to effective doses of the same insecticide, thus acts as preconditioning. These results force us to reconsider the possible risk from frequent/continuous exposure to traces of pesticide residues in the environment to human health.

The suitability of new 9-[(E)-2-phenyl]anthracene derivatives with iodonium salt as high-performance photoinitiating systems for obtaining novel multi-material photo-curable nanocomposites resins containing dedicated to 3D-VAT printing.

Background. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the value of imaging techniques, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in the diagnosis of a tumor-bowel fistula as a rare form of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) relapse. We also performed an initial assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment of this form of relapse. Methods. The study group consisted of eight patients with suspected platinum-sensitive recurrence in the form of a tumor/bowel fistula. All patients finished their first line of chemotherapy and subsequently showed complete remission for 6 months or more. To qualify patients for further treatment, CT and MRI were performed, which suggested the presence of a fistula between the recurrent tumor and intestine. DESKTOP study criteria were used to qualify patients for secondary cytoreduction. Second-line chemotherapy was given after secondary debulking. Results. In all patients, fistulas formed between the tumor and large bowel. On CT, the fistulas were indirectly visible. In all cases, the fistula was visible on MR images, which showed hypointensity on the T2 and T1 post-contrast sequences but did not show restricted diffusion on the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequence. Patients who were qualified for the study underwent secondary debulking with bowel resection. In all eight cases, the fistula between the tumor and surrounding organs was confirmed. During surgery, seven intestinal anastomoses and one colostomy were performed. No residual macroscopic tumor remained in seven cases (resection R0-87.5%). The progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.4–22.6 months (median 13.4). In the group with cytoreduction R0, the median PFS was 15.5 months (12–22). Conclusion. In patients with suspected EOC recurrence with clinically suspected fistula, CT scan is not sufficient. In CT, the presence of a fistula is suspected based on indirect symptoms. MRI, as a method with much greater tissue resolution, confirms the diagnosis. In addition, MRI can identify the point of the tumor/bowel junction. This is especially true with a large infiltration covering several intestinal parts. Bowel resection with simultaneous anastomosis is a good and safe solution for these patients. However, appropriate qualification for the procedure is necessary, which will allow for surgery without residual macroscopic disease (R0 surgery). Due to the small number of cases, our results cannot be generalized. We treat them as a hypothesis that can be verified in a larger study.

Maria Gutowska-Ibbs, Pozarejestracyjne stosowanie produktów leczniczych a badania kliniczne. Ramy prawne i praktyka w podmiotach leczniczych w Polsce, seria Monografie Prawnicze, Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, ss. 208, ISBN 978-83-8291-229-6. Paulina Jachimowicz-Jankowska

SKOWRON, Adam, JANKOWSKA, Alicja & SYTNIK-CZETWERTYŃSKI, Janusz. Ethical issues in medical treatment of homeless patients in Poland. A preliminary study. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2023;13(2):68-74. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.13.02.009 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/41070 https://zenodo.org/record/7430374 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2022; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 23.11.2022. Revised: 28.11.2022. Accepted: 12.12.2022. Ethical issues in medical treatment of homeless patients in Poland. A preliminary study Adam Skowron, Alicja Jankowska, Janusz Sytnik-Czetwertyński Adam Skowron, e-mail: askowron@cmkp.edu.pl; Zakład Prawa Medycznego i Orzecznictwa Lekarskiego, Centrum Medyczne Kształcenia Podyplomowego w Warszawie; ORCID: 0000-0002-3465-1261 Alicja Jankowska, e-mail: alicja1jankowska@gmail.com; Collegium Medicum im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu; ORCID: 0000-0002-9934-3702 Janusz Sytnik-Czetwertyński, e-mail: janusz.sytnik-czetwertynski@cmkp.edu.pl; Zakład Prawa Medycznego i Orzecznictwa Lekarskiego, Centrum Medyczne Kształcenia Podyplomowego w Warszawie; ORCID: Summary: The article presents some of the most important ethical aspects in the medical care of a homeless patient. Hygiene, access to medicines and information, the problem of social discrimination are analysed. The article concludes with a short reflection on the expected ethical attitude of a doctor towards a homeless patient. Keywords: homelessness, medical ethics, homeless patient, social discrimination

ZAJDEL, Dominika & JANKOWSKA, Paula. Abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescence - three cases of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2023;13(1):246-250. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.13.01.036 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/40867 https://zenodo.org/record/7401599 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2022; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 14.11.2022. Revised: 21.11.2022. Accepted: 05.12.2022. Abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescence - three cases of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) Zajdel D., Jankowska P. Independent Public Regional Specialist Hospital in Chełm Pediatric Department of the Independent Public Provincial Specialist Hospital in Chełm Contact: dominikazajdel@wp.pl, paulaholub@wp.pl Summary: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB)is profuse, acyclic bleeding from the genital tract, with or without clots, usually lasting more than 10 days. They are the most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescence. The following are used in the treatment: iron preparations, antifibrinolytic drugs, NSAIDs, estrogen-progestagen therapy or progestagen therapy. In cases where the Hb concentration is Key words: heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), bleeding disorders, adolescents, case reports, anemia, paediatrics, gynecology

Przegląd polskich opracowań naukowych: Piotr Szulc, Decyzja o warunkach zabudowy. Studium z zakresu prawa administracyjnego, seria Monografie Prawnicze, Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, ss. 192, ISBN 978-83-8235-397-6

Cardiovascular safety of marathon running middle-aged amateurs remains unclear. We previously hypothesized that transient release of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), in addition to an acute inflammatory response to exercise, may be the cause.To evaluate the effects of running a marathon on inflammatory biomarkers, and its impact on cardiovascular function.Thirty-three healthy male amateur runners aged ≥50 (mean age: 57 ±7 years) were enrolled in the study. Venous blood samples were obtained before the marathon, just after the race, and 2-4 days and 7 days after the marathon. Using novel single molecule counting (SMC) technology, we measured plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). White blood cell (WBC) count was measured using a certified hematology analyzer. The results were related to previous analyses on cardiovascular stress and endothelial function biomarkers. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) were used to determine myocardial function.We observed a sharp rise of all studied biomarkers after the race, which subsequently normalized after 2-4 days and stayed within the normal range 7 days after the race. We found no correlation between inflammatory and cardiovascular stress biomarkers. Transthoracic echocardiography and CMR did not show ischemic or inflammatory myocardial damage.Marathon running is associated with a sharp and significant rise in inflammatory and cardiovascular stress biomarkers. We found no connection between immune activation and cardiac biomarker release. Cardiovascular imaging showed no myocardial damage due to ischemia or inflammation.

Ten dwuczęściowy artykułkonsoliduje fakty dotyczące polisemii z zakresu psycholingwistyki oraz leksykografii teoretycznej i obliczeniowej oraz prezentuje wyniki badańilościowych i jakościowych przeprowadzonych na dużym zbiorze danych polisemicznych w języku polskim, na podstawie których proponujemy uszczegółowionąklasyfikacjępolisemii oraz opracowujemy poszerzone spektrum podobieństwa sensów słów wieloznacznych. W drugiej części publikacji wykazujemy, że polisemia nie jest zjawiskiem stabilnym, a relacje między sensami mogąbyćoceniane odmiennie przez różnych mówców w zależności od ich postrzegania świata, wiedzy o życiu i skojarzeń. Wskazujemy na kilka parametrów zróżnicowania, które mogąwpłynąćna ocenępodobieństwa sensów i reprezentacjęw mentalnym leksykonie polisemii przez metonimięi metaforę. ABSTRACT The Spectrum of Sense Remoteness in Polysemy: Bridging Computational and Theoretical Lexicography with Psycholinguistics (Part 2) This two-part paper bridges insights from psycholinguistics and from theoretical and computational lexicography to develop a fine-grained classification of polysemy organized along a wider spectrum of sense remoteness of ambiguous words in Polish based on the investigation of a large collection of linguistic data. In the second part, we show that polysemy is not a stable phenomenon and relations between senses may differ across language users. For instance, our fifty-fifty class or borderline cases may be represented differently by different language users depending on their perception of the world, world knowledge, associations. We point to some parameters of variation in the class of polysemy by metonymy and polysemy by metaphor which may affect their sense remoteness and consequently also the way they are represented in the mental lexicon.

Background: Against limited effectiveness of known oncological treatment such as chemio-and radiotherapy or surgery, new ways of treatment, such as for example immunotherapy has developed. Usage of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs), resulting in overactivation of immune system, may significantly raise efficacy of oncological treatment, but simultaneously predispose to occurrence various autoimmunological health complications. Adverse actions of the therapy may affect multiple organs and systems, with the presented example of immune-related neurological complication, myasthenia gravis. This relatively rare condition may be severe, life-threatening illness. Case report: We present a case of 66-year-old male patient diagnosted with a large tumor histopathologically assessed as squamous cell carcinoma. Due to ineffectiveness of implemented chemio- and radiotherapy, he was qualified for anti-PD1 immunotherapy with nivolumab. General treatment tolerance was very good with positive antineoplastic effect. Autoimmune hypothyroidism has emerged, therefore levothyroxine therapy has been implemented. After about a year of using immunotherapy, significant weakness and decrease in muscle strength has appeared, subsequently, immunotheraphy-related myasthenia gravis was raised. Improvement in the patient's condition was achieved after initiating pyridostigmine treatment. Cessation of antineoplastic treatment wasn’t necessary, what is unusual. Conclusions: Undeniably myastenia gravis may determine serious, life-threatening adverse effect of immunotherapy. Usually requires withdrawal of applied antioncological treatment, and should be treated with immunomodulators, immunosuppressants or intravenous immunoglobulins or plasmaphaeresis, however – as we present- in some cases may be properly cured only with pyridostygmine.

Introduction: Low-frequency electromagnetic field (50 Hz) (EMF) can modify crucial neuronal processes. Existing data indicate that exposure to EMF may represent a mild stressor and contribute to disturbances of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The important regulatory pathways controlling HPA axis activity include two types of corticosteroid receptors: mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and glucocorticoid receptors. They are particularly abundant in the hippocampus, a key locus of HPA axis feedback control. The research aimed at determining whether (1) EMF exhibits hormesis, it means bidirectional action depending on EMF intensity (1 or 7 mT) and (2) repeated EMF exposure changes stress response to subsequent stress factors. Methods: The exposure (7 days, 1 h/day) of adult rats to EMF (1 mT and 7 mT) was repeated 3 times. HPA axis hormones and their receptors were analysed after each following exposure. Moreover, the impact of EMF exposure on hormonal and behavioural responses to subsequent stress factor – open-field test was evaluated. Results: Our data suggest that exposure to EMF can establish a new “set-point” for HPA axis activity. The direction and dynamics of this process depend on the intensity of EMF and the number of exposures. EMF of 1 mT induced an adaptive stress response, but 7 mT EMF caused sensitization. Consequently, EMF changed the vulnerability of the organism to a subsequent stress factor. We have also shown the increase in MR mRNA abundance in the hippocampus of 1 mT EMF-exposed rats, which can represent the possible neuroprotective response and suggest therapeutic properties of EMFs.

In an eye-tracking during reading experiment we investigated the processing of ambiguous Polish imperfective verbs in contexts with disambiguating (‘frequently’ and ‘yesterday’) and neutral preceding adverbs. Grammatical number of NP objects was also manipulated. Verb regions received significantly longer regression path times when following a neutral compared to 'yesterday' contexts. This implies that in neutral contexts both senses of polysemous imperfective verbs are activated on the verbal region. Post-hoc analyses revealed more regressions from singular objects in neutral contexts, suggesting that a preference for a more frequent plural event sense was created before the first fixations on the object were made. Finally, we observed an effect consisting of longer first pass times on singular objects and more regressions from the following region in contexts with ‘frequently’, which is consistent with the view that imperfective aspect is underspecified for number. This pattern of results is compatible with Relevance Theory, which posits that the selection of one sense (single ongoing or plural) is an outcome of an inferential process based on frequency, context and world knowledge. However, the fact that sense frequency plays a role in this process indicates that it serves as input to context-based inferential processes suggesting that this information is pre-stored in the memory.

Stigmatization is defined as a discrediting mark which sets the person from others and hindering interpersonal relationships. Literature data on stigma in acne subjects are scarce.This study was undertaken to assess feelings of stigmatization in adolescents with facial acne.The study was performed on 730 high-school students aged 15 to 19 years with the mean age of 17.05 ± 1.18 years. Self-reported acne was found in 74.9% of subjects. The severity of acne was self-assessed with the standardized color images based on Investigators Global Assessment (IGA). Stigmatization was studied with 6-Item Stigmatization Scale (6-ISS) and Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire (PSQ). Additionally, quality of life (QoL) was evaluated with Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI).58% of adolescents with acne presented with feelings of stigmatization. Within the acne population, stigmatization was significantly more common in females than in males (p 0.001). The mean level of stigmatization according to 6-ISS was significantly higher in acne sufferers than in those free from acne (1.68 ± 2.42 points and 0.55 ± 1.50 points, respectively; p 0.001). Feelings of stigmatization were significantly more pronounced by females than males (p 0.001). Staring at the skin and the fact that others are not attracted to person due to skin lesions were main problems raised by the study participants with acne. 6-ISS scores correlated with acne severity (r = 0.278; p 0.001) and both 6-ISS and PSQ scores with QoL impairment (r = 0.530; p 0.001 and r = 0.341; p 0.001, respectively).Facial acne is a highly stigmatized skin disease and requires a holistic therapeutic approach.

The aim of the article is to develop a model for assessing the safety of children’s travel. Safety is the most important indicator describing the mobility system of children, even more important than the costs of operating it. Due to the dynamic development of intelligent solutions, it is possible to undertake additional activities supporting the improvement of children’s safety when traveling to and from school. However, their implementation requires an adequate assessment of a children’s mobility system. Currently, there are no solutions that could comprehensively support the decision-making process in this sphere. The article presents the issues of children’s mobility, a literature review in this area, mathematical model for assessing school bus travel, and a computational example. The presented approach is an original solution allowing for evaluation of the existing systems and their development scenarios. In addition, it enables the comparison of children mobility systems of different complexity and scale

Analysis of the wood properties of Dicorynia guianensis Amsh. in the context of using in outdoor architecture. This article deals with the analysis angélique wood (Dicorynia guianensis Amsh.) properties to verify suitability for use in the arrangement of external architecture such as the construction of terraces. Particularly, tests included determination of hardness by the Brinell method and total and partial shrinkage. The presented characteristic of properties was complemented by the analysis of wood colour stability during exposition to natural weathering factors for six months. Changes of particular colour parameters (lightness L*, chroma C*, hue h) were determine as well as the total colour change ΔE*. The colour stability was examined on untreated wood surface as well as on wood finished with clear and colouring oils. It was found that the angélique wood belongs to the group of very heavy wood (specific gravity 807 kg/m3) and is characterized by the favourable technical parameters, primarily the high hardness (average hardness 45,64 MPa). Furthermore, the angélique wood is the wood of average shrinkage (average total shrinkage 14,37%). Dimensional stability does not differ from the properties of wood commonly and successfully used for wooden external construction. The results showed that during external exposition angélique wood became darker. Using wood surface protection preparations such as oils resulted in the slowing down the weathering processes effects.

In modern laboratory diagnostics, the flow of information in electronic form is common, more and more extensive, and complicated. For the flow of this information to be efficient and complete, it should include medical diagnostic laboratories and their complete environment, including nationwide healthcare information systems. Optimizing the electronic flow of information requires standardization of terminology and coding of laboratory procedures and the creation of IT infrastructure, which, with institutional support, will ensure adequate access to laboratory diagnostic data in the healthcare system. In this article, we present a system proposal prepared by the Section for Standardization of Information in Laboratory Medicine of the PSLD in cooperation with experts from other bodies, the purpose of which would be to systematize, improve the quality and certainty of processing information on laboratory diagnostics. The proposed System of Standardization of Information in Laboratory Diagnostics (SSILD) should ultimately allow for the unambiguity of the names and codes of procedures using the LOINC® terminology, certainty as to the key features of the procedures, certainty as to the reference intervals/decision values, access to information necessary for the interpretation of the result and clarity as to whether the procedures are covered by the regulation of the guaranteed benefits basket.

The article presents how preschool children (aged 3 to 6) develop word-formation competences in the category of nomina agentis (names of agents). The linguistic material was collected with the author’s questionnaire. The tasks in this questionnaire were preceded by an example that led the child to the correct word formation scheme. The quantitative and qualitative analysis was created with the division into verbal formants (-acz and -ator) and nominal formants (-arz and -owiec). The analysis included the coding (creation) and decoding (an indication of the motivating word) of derivatives.The research showed how the process of acquiring word formation skills worked in the case of preschool children (aged 3 to 6) of similar social backgrounds. They confirmed that their word-building competence increased linearly, indicated the age at which they start developing these functions and what strategies they used when they were unable to complete the tasks. Among the 1,280 researched utterances, the most common children’s operations were the creation of tranpositional derivatives (e.g. słuchanie), neologisms (e.g. organizacz, organizek, organizant; dokuczaniec, dokucznik; mydłowiec), alternation and adding connectives (e.g. zabaw-l-owiec; kostk-ow-ek). The conclusions reached after the analysis of the material were compared with the hypotheses found in the literature on the subject matter and with the results of other researchers.

Glycoproteomic analysis of three Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) suspension host cell lines (CHO-K1, CHO-S, and CHO-Pro5) commonly utilized in biopharmaceutical settings for recombinant protein production is reported. Intracellular and secreted glycoproteins were examined. We utilized an immobilization and chemoenzymatic strategy in our analysis. Glycoproteins or glycopeptides were first immobilized through reductive amination, and the sialyl moieties were amidated for protection. The desired N- or O-glycans and glycopeptides were released from the immobilization resin by enzymatic or chemical digestion. Glycopeptides were studied by Orbitrap Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and the released glycans were analyzed by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF). Differences were detected in the relative abundances of N- and O-glycopeptide types, their resident and released glycans, and their glycoprotein complexity. Ontogeny analysis revealed key differences in features, such as general metabolic and biosynthetic pathways, including glycosylation systems, as well as distributions in cellular compartments. Host cell lines and subfraction differences were observed in both N- and O-glycan and glycoprotein pools. Differences were observed in sialyl and fucosyl glycan distributions. Key differences were also observed among glycoproteins that are problematic contaminants in recombinant antibody production. The differences revealed in this study should inform the choice of cell lines best suited for a particular bioproduction application.

Przegląd polskich opracowań naukowych: Justyna Węglińska, Realizacja bezpieczeństwa prawnego w instytucji odpowiedzialności lekarza za błąd medyczny, seria Monografie Prawnicze, Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022 (opr. Paulina Jachimowicz-Jankowska)

Introduction This study examines the associations of neighborhood environments with BMI, HbA1c, and diabetes across 6 years in Hispanic/Latino adults. Methods Participants from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos San Diego site (n=3,851, mean age=39.4 years, 53.3% women, 94.0% Mexican heritage) underwent assessment of metabolic risk factors and diabetes status (categorized as normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes) at baseline (2008–2011) and approximately 6 years later (2014–2017). In the Study of Latinos Community and Surrounding Areas Study ancillary study (2015–2020), participant baseline addresses were geocoded, and neighborhoods were defined using 800-meter circular buffers. Neighborhood variables representing socioeconomic deprivation, residential stability, social disorder, walkability, and greenness were created using Census and other public databases. Analyses were conducted in 2020–2021. Results Complex survey regression analyses revealed that greater neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was associated with higher BMI (β=0.14, p

Document Reviewers: Rudolf A. de Boer (CPG Review Coordinator) (Netherlands), P. Christian Schulze (CPG Review Coordinator) (Germany), Magdy Abdelhamid (Egypt), Victor Aboyans (France), Stamatis Adamopoulos (Greece), Stefan D. Anker (Germany), Elena Arbelo (Spain), Riccardo Asteggiano (Italy), Johann Bauersachs (Germany), Antoni Bayes-Genis (Spain), Michael A. Borger (Germany), Werner Budts (Belgium), Maja Cikes (Croatia), Kevin Damman (Netherlands), Victoria Delgado (Netherlands), Paul Dendale (Belgium), Polychronis Dilaveris (Greece), Heinz Drexel (Austria), Justin Ezekowitz (Canada), Volkmar Falk (Germany), Laurent Fauchier (France), Gerasimos Filippatos (Greece), Alan Fraser (United Kingdom), Norbert Frey (Germany), Chris P. Gale (United Kingdom), Finn Gustafsson (Denmark), Julie Harris (United Kingdom), Bernard Iung (France), Stefan Janssens (Belgium), Mariell Jessup (United States of America), Aleksandra Konradi (Russia), Dipak Kotecha (United Kingdom), Ekaterini Lambrinou (Cyprus), Patrizio Lancellotti (Belgium), Ulf Landmesser (Germany), Christophe Leclercq (France), Basil S. Lewis (Israel), Francisco Leyva (United Kingdom), AleVs Linhart (Czech Republic), Maja-Lisa Løchen (Norway), Lars H. Lund (Sweden), Donna Mancini (United States of America), Josep Masip (Spain), Davor Milicic (Croatia), Christian Mueller (Switzerland), Holger Nef (Germany), Jens-Cosedis Nielsen (Denmark), Lis Neubeck (United Kingdom), Michel Noutsias (Germany), Steffen E. Petersen (United Kingdom), Anna Sonia Petronio (Italy), Piotr Ponikowski (Poland), Eva Prescott (Denmark), Amina Rakisheva (Kazakhstan), Dimitrios J. Richter (Greece), Evgeny Schlyakhto (Russia), Petar Seferovic (Serbia), Michele Senni (Italy), Marta Sitges (Spain), Miguel Sousa-Uva (Portugal), Carlo G. Tocchetti (Italy), Rhian M. Touyz (United Kingdom), Carsten Tschoepe (Germany), Johannes Waltenberger (Germany/Switzerland) All experts involved in the development of these guidelines have submitted declarations of interest. These have been compiled in a report and published in a supplementary document simultaneously to the guidelines. The report is also available on the ESC website www.escardio.org/guidelines For the Supplementary Data which include background information and detailed discussion of the data that have provided the basis for the guidelines see European Heart Journal online.

The search for solid electrolytes which have good proton conductivity in anhydrous conditions, thermal and mechanical stability, and are at the same time environmentally friendly and easy to manufacture is a big challenge which we have undertaken. This work presents new solid electrolytes based on cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) with protic ionic liquid 1-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (PIL) which have been obtained and whose thermal and conductivity properties and nanoscale organization has been determined. Two membranes were synthesized which differ as to the amount of absorbed PIL. They show excellent thermal stability up to 200 oC. The maximum value of ionic conductivity is about 10-2 S/m at 200 oC in anhydrous conditions and falls in the range of 10-3 – 10-2 S/m for temperatures from 150 to 200 oC. The correlation between the transport properties of membranes and their nanostructure has been probed by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The thermal and conductivity properties of the new materials can compete with currently available membranes. Further work on a composite with a similar chemical composition should lead to obtaining a membrane capable of operating in next-generation fuel cells (T > 120 oC).

Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) contribute to human genomic diversity. Synonymous SNVs are previously considered to be “silent,” but mounting evidence has revealed that these variants can cause RNA and protein changes and are implicated in over 85 human diseases and cancers. Recent improvements in computational platforms have led to the development of numerous machine-learning tools, which can be used to advance synonymous SNV research. In this review, we discuss tools that should be used to investigate synonymous variants. We provide supportive examples from seminal studies that demonstrate how these tools have driven new discoveries of functional synonymous SNVs.

Glosowane orzeczenie jest jednym z coraz częściej pojawiających się judykatów, mającym znaczenie dla styku prawa insolwencyjnego, w tym wypadku restrukturyzacyjnego, z prawem spółek. Orzeczenia te w większości przypadków stanowią przejaw rozwiązywania tzw. hard cases, w związku z konfliktem interesów, który może się pojawić pomiędzy uczestnikami postępowania restrukturyzacyjnego-wierzycielami a ekonomicznymi właścicielami spółek kapitałowych, jakimi są udziałowcy lub akcjonariusze. W glosowanym orzeczeniu sąd rozstrzygał wątpliwość, czy postanowienie o zatwierdzeniu układu, na podstawie którego doszło do podwyższenia kapitału zakładowego, na które służy zażalenie w postępowaniu restrukturyzacyjnym (art. 165 ust. 7 pr. restr.), może być przedmiotem kontroli sądu rejestrowego. Powołując się na charakter deklaratoryjny wpisu do KRS, w tym przypadku sąd stanął na stanowisku, że kontrola taka jest niedopuszczalna ze względu na powstanie praw akcyjnych z momentem prawomocności postanowienia zatwierdzającego układ. W glosie, aprobującej co do zasady tezę główną, zasygnalizowano, że taka kontrola mogłaby się okazać przydatna w wyjątkowych i szczególnie uzasadnionych przypadkach (hard cases), tworząc szansę na uchylenie skutków wadliwego postanowienia o zatwierdzenie układu lub w celu zapobieżenia skutkom „reżyserowanego” wrogiego przejęcia.

The study of food consumption, diet, and related concepts is motivated by diverse goals, including understanding why food consumption impacts our health, and why we eat the foods we do. These varied motivations can make it challenging to define and measure consumption, as it can be specified across nearly infinite dimensions-from micronutrients to carbon footprint to food preparation. This challenge is amplified by the dynamic nature of food consumption processes, with the underlying phenomena of interest often based on the nature of repeated interactions with food occurring over time. This complexity underscores a need to not only improve how we measure food consumption but is also a call to support theoreticians in better specifying what, how, and why food consumption occurs as part of processes, as a prerequisite step to rigorous measurement. The purpose of this Perspective article is to offer a framework, the consumption process framework, as a tool that researchers in a theoretician role can use to support these more robust definitions of consumption processes. In doing so, the framework invites theoreticians to be a bridge between practitioners who wish to measure various aspects of food consumption and methodologists who can develop measurement protocols and technologies that can support measurement when consumption processes are clearly defined. In the paper we justify the need for such a framework, introduce the consumption process framework, illustrate the framework via a use case, and discuss existing technologies that enable the use of this framework and, by extension, more rigorous study of consumption. This consumption process framework demonstrates how theoreticians could fundamentally shift how food consumption is defined and measured towards more rigorous study of what, how, and why food is eaten as part of dynamic processes and a deeper understanding of linkages between behavior, food, and health.