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It is unclear whether fluid management goals are best achieved by bolus injection or continuous infusion of loop diuretics. In this study, we compared the effectiveness and safety of a continuous infusion with that of a bolus injection when an increased loop diuretic dosage is required in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.We obtained data from the MIMIC-III database for patients who were first-time ICU admissions and required an increased diuretic dosage. Patients were excluded if they had an estimated glomerular filtration rate15 ml/min/1.73 mThe final dataset included 807 patients (continuous group, n=409; bolus group, n=398). After propensity score matching, there were 253 patients in the bolus group and 231 in the continuous group. The 24h urine output per 40 mg of furosemide was significantly greater in the continuous group than in the bolus group (234.66 ml [95% CI 152.13-317.18, p0.01]). There was no significant between-group difference in the incidence of acute kidney injury (odds ratio 0.96, 95% CI 0.66-1.41, p=0.85).Our results indicate that a continuous infusion of loop diuretics may be more effective than a bolus injection and does not increase the risk of acute kidney injury in patients who need an increased diuretic dosage in the ICU.

Rainfall and wind speed are two important meteorological variables that have a significant impact on agriculture, human health, and socio-economic development. While individual rainfall or wind events have been widely studied, little attention has been devoted to studying the lead–lag relationship between rainfall and wind speed, particularly in coastal regions where strong dependence between rainfall and wind speed is expected. Taking China's coastline as the case study, this paper aims to explore the variation trends of wind speed and rainfall and reveal the relationships between rainfall events and wind speeds on days before and after rainfall occurrence, by using meteorological station data from 1960 to 2018. The results show that wind speed tended to decrease while rainfall showed a slight increase for most stations. The daily wind speed increased 2 days before rainfall occurrence and decreased after then, with the highest wind speed observed during rainfall onset regardless of rainfall amount. Moreover, heavier rainfall events are more likely to occur with higher wind speeds. The findings of this study potentially improve the understanding of the dependence of rainfall and wind speed, which could help rainfall or wind-related disaster mitigation.

Phospholipids are the protective layer of modern cells, but it is challenging for the formation of phospholipids that require a simple abiotic synthesis before the advent of primitive cells. Here, we reported the abiotic synthesis for lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) with prebiotically plausible reactants in aqueous microdroplets under ambient conditions. The LPAs formation is carried out by fusing two microdroplets streams: one contains glycerol and pyrophosphate in water and the other one contains fatty acids in acetonitrile. Compared with the bulk solution, LPAs were generated in microdroplets without the addition of catalyst and heating. Conditions of reactant concentrations and microdroplet size varied and suggested that LPAs formation occurred near or at the microdroplet surface. The LPAs formation also showed chemoselective toward on chain-length of fatty acids. Finally, the formation of LPAs underwent two-step reactions with glycerol phosphorylation eliminating one water molecule followed by esterification with fatty acids. These results also implicated that pyrophosphate functioned as both catalysts and precursors in prebiotic LPAs synthesis. The approach using fusion aqueous microdroplets has desirable features in studying the substance exchange and interaction in atmosphere.

BackgroundSepsis or endotoxemia can induce intestinal dysfunction in the epithelial and immune barrier. Th17 cells, a distinct subset of CD4+ T-helper cells, act as “border patrol” in the intestine under pathological condition and in the previous studies, Th17 cells exhibited an ambiguous function in intestinal inflammation. Our study will explore a specific role of Th17 cells and its relevant mechanism in endotoxemia-induced intestinal injury.MethodsLipopolysaccharide was used to establish mouse model of endotoxemia. miR-681 was analyzed by RT-PCR and northern blot analysis and its regulation by HIF-1α was determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assay. Intestinal Th17 cells isolated from endotoxemic mice were quantitatively evaluated by flow cytometry and its recruitment to the intestine controlled by miR-681/CCR6 pathway was assessed by using anti-miRNA treatment and CCR6 knockout mice. Intestinal histopathology, villus length, intestinal inflammation, intestinal permeability, bacterial translocation and survival were investigated, by histology and TUNEL analysis, ELISA, measurement of diamine oxidase, bacterial culture, with or without anti-miR-681 treatment in endotoxemic wild-type and (or) CCR6 knockout mice.ResultsIn this study, we found that miR-681 was significantly promoted in intestinal Th17 cells during endotoxemia, which was dependent on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Interestingly, miR-681 could directly suppress CCR6, which was a critical modulator for Th17 cell recruitment to the intestines. In vivo, anti-miR-681 enhanced survival, increased number of intestinal Th17 cells, reduced crypt and villi apoptosis, decreased intestinal inflammation and bacterial translocation, resulting in protection against endotoxemia-induced intestinal injury in mice. However, CCR6 deficiency could neutralize the beneficial effect of anti-miR-681 on the intestine during endotoxemia, suggesting that the increment of intestinal Th17 cells caused by anti-miR-681 relies on CCR6 expression. ConclusionThe results of the study indicate that control of intestinal Th17 cells by regulating novel miR-681/CCR6 signaling attenuates endotoxemia-induced intestinal injury.

In the context of big data and the Internet of Things, this article explores the impact of corporate patent quality on corporate performance through analysis of corporate patent quality. Starting from multiple influencing factors, measure the patent value of enterprises to promote the economic benefits. Focus on the analysis of the practical conversion capacity of patents and the impact on corporate performance, establish a mathematical evaluation model, and explore the specificity of the patent quality through the method of regression analysis. This article has studied the important role of patent technology to improve the efficiency of enterprises, and explores the overall level of corporate performance management on how to maximizes the overall level of corporate performance management. The system of measures for patent technology to promote performance development under the background of big data constructed by the research has a very good reference for the sustainable development of enterprises at the current stage. From the existing research results, there are problems such as too few analysis samples and slow data updates, and these problems have been better solved in this study. The research analyzes the comprehensive impact of patent quality on enterprises through big data, highlights the positive relationship between patent quality and enterprise performance, and effectively fills the gap in current research.

This study aimed to compare the efficiency of these two combined surgeries [prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH) combined with the external hemorrhoidectomy and inferior internal hemorrhoid ligation; tissue selecting technique with mega-window stapler (TST-MS) combined with anal canal epithelial preservation operation].This is a single-center, evaluator-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT). A total of 204 participants were randomly divided into the two groups. The anal function, reoccurrence, intraoperative variables, and operative complications were assessed. The measurement data were compared by paired t test and rank sum test. Chi-squared or Fisher's exact test was used for count data and rank sum test for ranked data. To assess differences within each group in different time points, the repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted.TST-MS combined with anal canal epithelial preservation operation had lower Wexner score of anal incontinence (Z = 3.062, P = 0.002), higher patients' satisfaction degree (t = 7.32, P 0.001), less residual skin tags (χTST-MS combined with anal canal epithelial preservation operation showed better clinical efficiency in the treatment of prolapsed hemorrhoids.This study has been registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000038533).

BACKGROUND: Acute liver failure is one of the most intractable clinical problems. The use of bioartificial livers may solve donor shortage problems. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) are an excellent seed cell choice for artificial livers because they change their characteristics to resemble hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) following artificial liver transplantation. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine whether the immunological characteristics of hUCMSCs are changed after being transformed into hepatocyte-like cells. METHODS: HUCMSCs were isolated by the adherent method. The following hUCMSC surface markers were detected using flow cytometry: CD45, CD90, CD105, CD34, and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4). Functional detection of adipogenic differentiation was performed. The hUCMSCs were cultured in complete medium (control group) or induction medium (induction group), and flow cytometry was used to detect cell surface markers. Peritoneal lavage fluid was collected after intraperitoneal injection of 1 × 106 cells/mouse over 40 minutes. The leukocyte count, labeled CD45, CD3, CD4 and CD8 antibodies, and flow detection of T lymphocyte subsets were determined using the peritoneal lavage fluid. RESULTS: Using phenotypic and functional identification, hUCMSCs were successfully isolated using a two-step induction method. The surface markers of the hUCMSCs cells changed after HLC induction. In vivo immune results showed that hUCMSCs and HLsC induced leukocyte production. CONCLUSION: Hepatic induction of hUCMSCs changes their cell surface markers. Both HLCs and hUCMSCs cause leukocytosis in vivo, but the immune response induced by HLCs is slightly stronger.

The aim of the paper is to obtain a interesting result about the atomic decomposition of Bloch-type space in the polydisk. The existing similar results have been applied many times to the atomic decompositions of Bloch-type and weighted Bergman spaces in the unit ball.

LiF, which is considered as a key component of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI), can promote the uniform deposition of lithium.

A two-photon excited fluorescent probe CMB-1 has been rationally developed based on a new sensing mechanism for the detection and regeneration of formaldehyde in living cells with minimal influence on its native homeostasis and local concentration.

(Br−)CH3-Pyridinium-MOF-1 integrated reactive Lewis acid sites and Br− nucleophilic anions and exhibited efficient catalytic activity for the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides.

Octameric Aep1 shows unique suitability for the gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) adapter with 8 subunits, enabling the discrimination for β-nicotinamide mononucleotide.

Ultralow-voltage ultrashort-channel vertical transistor with strong pain sensitization abilities is demonstrated based on a silk fibroin/sodium alginate crosslinking hydrogel.

Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) remediation technology has been widely used in the remediation of groundwater contamination. In numerical simulations, neglecting the non-uniform distribution of heavy metal contamination along the depth may lead to deviations between simulation results and reality. The distribution of heavy metals in the soil layer around a non-ferrous mining area in Hezhou, Guangxi, southern China was investigated, and it was found that the standard Gaussian function could well describe the non-uniform distribution of heavy metals in the soil layer. A two-dimensional analytical model solved by the finite element method was used to simulate the migration process of heavy metal contamination in the aquifer and PRB. The results show that the uniform distribution of contaminants along the depth ignores the dilution effect, which may underestimate the service life of the PRB and lead to an overly conservative design of the PRB. The breakthrough time of the PRB decreases with the increase of the maximum initial concentration (Cin,max) and the high concentration range (σ), and increases almost linearly with the barrier thickness (Lw). An optimal design method for PRB location and thickness is proposed, which can provide a reference for the engineering application of PRB.

Flooding is one of the most disruptive natural disasters, causing substantial loss of life and property damage. Coastal cities in Asia face floods almost every year due to monsoon influences. Early notification of flooding events enables governments to implement focused preventive actions. Specifically, short-term forecasts can buy time for evacuation and emergency rescue, giving flood victims timely relief. This paper proposes a novel multi-strategy-mode waterlogging-prediction (MSMWP) framework for forecasting waterlogging depth based on time series prediction and a machine learning regression method. The framework integrates historical rainfall and waterlogging depth to predict near-future waterlogging in time under future meteorological circumstances. An expanded rainfall model is proposed to consider the positive correlation of future rainfall with waterlogging. By selecting a suitable prediction strategy, adjusting the optimal model parameters, and then comparing the different algorithms, the optimal configuration of prediction is selected. In the actual-value testing, the selected model has high computational efficiency, and the accuracy of predicting the waterlogging depth after 30 min can reach 86.1 %, which is superior to many data-driven prediction models for waterlogging depth. The framework is useful for accurately predicting the depth of a target point promptly. The prompt dissemination of early warning information is crucial to preventing casualties and property damage.

At present, energy shortages and air pollution are of increasing concern worldwide. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China will more firmly implement the green development strategy. In order to explore the synergistic emission reduction effects of urban greenhouse gases and air pollutants under different strategies, this paper takes 30 major cities in China from 2011 to 2019 as the research object, and analyses the input-output performance of 30 cities under the scale-oriented strategy. The empirical results show that most large cities in China are still in a state of low efficiency and insufficient growth momentum.