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The teaching profession has been consistently ranked as the most stressful job in the world today. Teachers who experience prolonged exposure to high levels of work-related stress can find there to be a detrimental effect on their physical health, mental health, social life, and work performance. This study aims to characterise the mental health and wellbeing of secondary school teachers in Malaysia according to gender and age group. We examined burnout levels among 776 secondary school teachers who were measured across three dimensions (i.e., depersonalisation, emotional exhaustion, and personal accomplishment), as well as their sources of stress, manifestations of stress, and psychological symptoms. The quantitative data analysis revealed that most of the teachers had experienced burnout in terms of their personal accomplishments, work-related stressors, and time management, and that it mostly manifested as fatigue. Overall, the sample of secondary school teachers in Malaysia indicates a risk of poor mental health. Further psychological interventions and self-care programs are suggested to help secondary school teachers cope with the early signs of burnout.

Background Coupled with the importance parents attach to education in Chinese culture, which makes adolescents bear more pressure. Academic stress has always been one of the central pressures faced by Chinese adolescents, and there is a strong link between academic stress and the non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior of Chinese adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 selected middle schools in Guangxi Province, China, to examine the relationship between academic stress and adolescents' NSSI behavior and further analyze the relationship between adolescents' self-efficacy and parental support in stress and NSSI. A total of 2344 children were included in the analysis, including 1142 boys (48.72%) and 1202 girls (51.28%). Results The prevalence of NSSI was not significant among adolescents of different ethnic groups (t=-1.48, p = 0.139), but academic stress had a positive effect on adolescents' NSSI behavior (R = -0. 246, p

Background Due to China's large population and uneven distribution of educational resources, teenagers are faced with various competitions from birth, coupled with the importance parents attach to education in Chinese culture, which undoubtedly makes teenagers bear more pressure. Academic stress has always been one of the main pressures faced by Chinese adolescents, and there is a strong link between academic stress and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior of Chinese adolescents. Methods a cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 randomly selected middle schools in Guangxi Province, China to examine the relationship between academic stress and adolescents' NSSI behavior, and to further analyze the relationship between adolescents' self-efficacy and parental support in stress and NSSI. A total of 2344 children were included in the analysis, including 1142 boys (48.72%) and 1202 girls (51.28%). Descriptive statistics will be used to understand the levels of adolescents' NSSI, academic stress, self-efficacy, and parental support; T-tests will be used to compare differences in adolescents' NSSI across demographic characteristics, academic achievement, and family economic status. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine the interaction between academic stress and NSSI in terms of adolescents' self-efficacy and parental support. Results The prevalence of NSSI was not significant among adolescents of different ethnic groups (t=-1.48, p = 0.139), but academic stress had a positive effect on adolescents' NSSI behavior (R = -0. 246, p

Adolescence is the peak period of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviour, and it is also a period when the prevention and intervention in NSSI are frequently required. To explore the relationship between catastrophising and NSSI and its mechanism, the mediating effects of parental support and negative emotions on catastrophising and NSSI were analysed. A questionnaire was administered to 401 middle school students with a history of NSSI behaviour from 12 schools in Guangxi. (1) Adolescents’ catastrophising tendencies positively predicted their NSSI status through negative emotions (B = 0.274, P < 0.001). The more severe the adolescents’ catastrophising tendency, the more likely they were to have stronger negative emotions and thus show an increased NSSI level. (2) Parental support played a positive moderating role between the tendency to catastrophise and negative emotions (B = −0.101, t = −2.694, P < 0.01), and it had a protective effect on adolescents’ NSSI. Catastrophising was less likely to induce the NSSI behaviour by reducing adolescents’ negative emotions (B = −0.104, t = −2.313, P < 0.05); however, it should be noted that only parental affective support, informative support, and instrumental support played a significant mediating role. Parental support of adolescents has positive effects on the tendency to catastrophise, negative emotions, and NSSI, and it has some implications for the prevention and intervention of adolescents’ NSSI.

Purpose: To analyze the influencing factors of adolescent NSSI behavior and their interrelationships, and to establish a total influencing factor model. Methods: Through literature review, semi-structured interview and expert consultation, the influencing factors of adolescent NSSI behavior in Guangxi, China were identified, and a total adversarial multi-level interpretive structure model of influencing factors of adolescent NSSI behavior was constructed based on DEMATEL-TAISM methods.Results: This paper intuitively shows the influencing factors and action paths of adolescents' NSSI behavior, and analyzes the system logic of the elements, as well as the relationship between the elements of the model. At last, some suggestions are put forward to provide ideas for the intervention service of adolescent NSSI behavior in Guangxi Province, China.

This study analyzed the factors influencing adolescents' non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior and their interrelationships, and established a total influencing factor model. Through a literature analysis and semi-structured interviews with 87 adolescents and 27 experts in Guangxi Province, China, 13 influencing factors were identified from six aspects: physiological factors, cognitive factors, emotional factors, social support factors, social environment, and NSSI behavior. A system of factors influencing adolescents' NSSI behavior and a model of the factors influencing the comprehensive antagonism multilevel explanatory structure were obtained using a combination of Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory technique and Total Adversarial Interpretive Structural Model. In descending order, NSSI, emotional state, self-efficacy, and self-cognition influenced adolescents' NSSI behavior. Social environment, exercise, and recreation had a greater impact on other factors, while NSSI, emotional regulation ability, and emotional state were greatly affected by other factors. Emotion regulation ability, self-cognition, self-efficacy, family support, school support, social support, and sleep were found to be the core factors influencing NSSI behavior of adolescents. These factors could be used to directly intervene in adolescent NSSI behavior. Timely treatment of adolescents' negative emotional states is directly conducive to preventing NSSI behavior and alleviating its severity.

Playing mobile MOBA games has become a popular leisure activity among Malaysian youth. However, MOBA games are highly addictive and have negative impacts on adult development. Inadequate local studies investigated the risk factors of excessive MOBA gameplay. The present study examined the (1) predictive role of need frustration on Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and (2) mediating effect of gaming motives. A total of 398 mobile MOBA gamers aged 18 to 29 participated in this cross-sectional online survey study. The findings showed that need frustration positively predicted IGD. Social, escape, competition, coping, and skill motives were significant mediators for the association between need frustration and IGD. However, fantasy and recreation motives were not significant mediators. MOBA players who were frustrated while fulfilling their basic needs may succumb to uncontrollable gaming behavior. Therefore, future prevention and intervention programs should cultivate positive mental strength for youth while meeting their basic needs.

Excessive online gaming has emerged as a highly pervasive public health issue. Currently, there are no instruments available to assess the symptoms of Internet gaming behaviours in Malaysian context. This study aims to validate Bahasa Malaysia version of Internet Gaming Disorder Scale – Short Form (9 items) which was previously developed by Pontes and Griffiths (Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 137–143, 2015). An online survey was conducted among 1175 gamers, consisting of youth aged between 18 and 29 years old. The single-factor scale showed good content validity, concurrent validity, discriminant validity, and reliability. Floor and ceiling effects were not present in the measured data. The scale also depicts good configural, metric, and scalar invariances across sex groups. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that the translated scale is psychometrically sound for the assessment of Internet gaming disorders among youth in a Malaysian context.

Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) genre has been expanding rapidly in Malaysia. However, the nature of this genre is addictive. Research in the area of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) among gamers of this genre is relatively new, signifying a substantial literature gap to be filled. The aim of the present study was to examine the selected determinants (i.e., motivations of gaming and identification of avatar) of IGD among MOBA gamers. The mediating role of identification of avatar in the associations between motivations of gaming (i.e., achievement, socialization, and immersion) and IGD was also investigated. A total of 1175 gamers were recruited through MOBA online groups in social media. Males were accounted for 75.20% (n = 808) and aged between 18 and 29 (Mage = 22.19 years, SD = 3.30). The findings revealed that motivation of achievement, motivation of immersion, and identification of avatar positively predict IGD, whereas motivation of socialization negatively predicts IGD among MOBA gamers. Identification of avatar was found as a significant mediator of the relationships between motivations of gaming and IGD. A large effect size was found with a total of 45% of variances explained by each determinant in the study. Overall, the findings of the present study provided empirical evidence for the underlying determinants of IGD. Intensive collaboration from various parties should be established for diminishing the potential adverse impacts of IGD on youth nowadays.

Zhensong Lan,1,2 Kee Pau,3 Hapsah Md Yusof,3 Xuefang Huang4 1School of Public Administrations, Hechi University, Hechi, Guangxi, 546300, People’s Republic of China; 2National Child Development Research Centre, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim Perak, 35900, Malaysia; 3Department of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Human Development, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim Perak, 35900, Malaysia; 4College of Humanities & Social Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Kee Pau, Director of Counseling Center, Bangunan Bitarasiswa, Tingkat Bawah, Kampus Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Tanjong Malim Perak, 35900, Malaysia, Tel +60 167228023, Email pau_kee@fpm.upsi.edu.myPurpose: To explore the relationship between adolescents’ emotion regulation ability and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior and the role of sleep, exercise, and social support in this relationship.Methods: A total of 2573 adolescents were investigated with the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Scale, the Social Support Scale for Children and Adolescents, the Ottawa Self-Injury Questionnaire, and the Self-Made Living Condition Questionnaire, and path analysis was conducted based on the structural equation model (SEM).Results: 1) There was a significant correlation between emotion regulation ability and NSSI behavior; 2) sleep and social support played a mediating role between emotion regulation ability and NSSI behavior; and 3) sleep modulated the direct effect of negative emotion regulation ability on NSSI, while exercise modulated the direct effect of positive emotion regulation ability on NSSI, which indicated that sleep and exercise could effectively alleviate NSSI behavior caused by the lack of emotion regulation in adolescents.Keywords: emotion regulation ability, non-suicidal self-injury, NSSI, structural equation model, SEM