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A 49-year-old woman presented with severe abdominal pain and per rectal bleed, 13 days after receiving the first dose of the AstraZeneca vaccine. Blood tests showed remarkably low platelet count, unmeasurable D-dimer levels and low fibrinogen levels, consistent with a diagnosis of vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopaenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. CT mesenteric angiogram revealed massive portosplenic mesenteric vein thrombosis. CT head also noted non-occlusive thrombosis at several sites. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulins, plasma exchange, anticoagulants and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure. Following a prolonged inpatient stay, she was discharged with subsequent short bowel syndrome and long-term parenteral nutrition. This particular clinical scenario aims to highlight the importance for clinicians to remain vigilant for rare complications associated with the AstraZeneca vaccine and the subsequent management involved, at a time where it is vital to vaccinate globally in order to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Abstract: Molecular pharmaceutics play a critical role in the drug delivery system, representing the direct interconnection of drug bioavailability with its molecular form. There is a diversity in the molecular structures by which it affects its properties, such as amorphous form, crystalline form, partialamorphous molecular dispersion, and disordered state. The active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and the excipients utilized in the formulation process contain various divergent modes used in the formulation process. They include better formulations of any type to obtain good quality pharmaceutical products. This review reveals how the molecular states affect the API and are important in maintaining the quality of dosage forms. Furthermore, the physio-chemical properties of the components and various pharmaceutical approaches employed in the formulation of dosage forms are studied from the point of view of molecular pharmaceutics.

Acute bowel intussusception is a pathology of infants and small children. Its occurrence in adults is very unusual. It is of diverse etiology. In the vast majority of cases, it is secondary to a tumour which may be benign or malignant. A leiomyoma of the small intestine revealed by bowel intussusception is a very rare entity. We report the case of a 23-year-old patient, admitted to the emergency room of the Ar-razi Hospital of the Mohamed VI University Hospital Centre in Marrakech, Morocco for an intestinal obstruction. The abdominal CT scan showed a hydro-aeric distention of the ileal coves upstream of an abdominal tumour at the pelvic level. The treatment was an open surgical carcinological resection with anastomosis. An anatomopathological and immunohistochemical study of the surgical specimen concluded that a benign-looking mesenchymal cell proliferation corresponds to a leiomyoma. bowel intussusception is a rare condition in adults. It most often leads to the discovery of an organic cause that may be tumourous. Based on this new case and after analysis of the literature, we discuss the clinical and diagnostic characteristics and the therapeutic possibilities of this rare pathology.

The penetration of malicious applications in the Android market has enhanced the significance of designing malware mitigation systems for Android. Malware detection systems are being developed by examining applications using static and dynamic analysis techniques. The use of code obfuscation has highlighted the importance of dynamic analysis as many static analysis schemes can be evaded by code obfuscation strategies. In order to record the true working of the application, a volatile memory-based solution for application analysis is presented in this study. Time-based memory dumps are collected after interactions with an application. Process-specific artifacts of the application under analysis are extracted by examining the kernel task structure of memory. The features in the kernel task structure belong to nine broad categories based on their semantics. An important contribution of the study is the analysis of the kernel task structure for determining the set of effective categories and features for Android malware categorization. Three of the most important categories and fourteen valuable features are reported. The proposed system categorizes the applications into five classes: adware, banking Trojans, riskware, SMS Trojans, and benign. The proposed system is able to categorize applications with an average F1-score of 0.984, which is the highest score reported so far for multiclass Android malware categorization with a minimum number of kernel task structure-based features.

The learning management system (LMS) is an e-learning software that raised the interest of disparate learners’ groups. However, learners have difficulties in finding learning resources tailored to their preferences in the best way at the right time. Making the learning process more efficient and pleasant for learners can be achieved by using context and learning styles such as customizing aspects. This study proposes a new data-driven approach to retrieve learners' characteristics using traces of their activities based on the Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model (FSLSM). In this research, the traces of 714 learners who enrolled in three agronomy courses taught at IAV HASSAN II (winter session 2019, 2020, and 2021) were analyzed. Learners are categorized into clusters by their preference level for global/sequential learning styles, using an unsupervised clustering method. Then a classifier model tailored to our requirements was trained and based on the learner's learning style and their current context, a learning object recommendation list is proposed for them. The results revealed that the k-means algorithm performed well in identifying learning styles (LS) and the use of context features defined from the learners' adaptive close environments improved learning performance with an accuracy of over 96% given that most of the learners preferred a global learning style.

One of the breeding objectives of the time is the development/screening of resilient germplasm, which could satisfy hunger demand. The animal feed and food are the prime concern of time and the existing Pakistan germplasm needs to be updated for green fodder yield and quality traits. Hence, present study aimed to develop agronomic itinerary of the available breeding line and screen out best suited candidate lines. ‘Faisalabad Sorghum’ first-ever locally developed public sector multicut variety with higher proficiency than first public sorghum sudangrass hybrid (Pak Sudex). This novel variety is a result of hybridization between Australian No. 7 and Sudan Grass followed by back cross breeding method. Faisalabad Sorghum out yielded (Av 133.30t/ha) in station (2016 and 2017), zonal (2018) and national uniform fodder yield trials (2019 and 2020) when compared with check variety. The palatability of Faisalabad Sorghum was more than 80%, with reduced enteric CH4 and CO2 emissions by 14% in cattles. The adaptive features of this line are high yielder, resistant to specific pests (borer, shoot fly) and diseases (leaf spot and long smut) that were evaluated, highly nutritious with lower production cost. This line has remarkable energy to minimize the supply and demand gap among summer fodder varieties. The by-products of it could be utilized as an alternative energy sources. Owing to such extraordinary attributes the new line AK-113 proposed as Faisalabad Sorghum was released for general adaptation among farmers during 2021

Background: Burn of shoulder and axillary region are common affecting patient’s range of motion and his/her performance in his daily life. Because post burn if treatment is not given, contracture will ultimately form. Aim: To determine the comparative effectiveness of PNF (hold relax) VS early Dynamic stretching exercises for improving pain, range of motion and functional status in the shoulder joint and quality of functional recovery in burn patients. Methodology: A single blinded Randomized clinical trial was conducted at Mayo Hospital, Burn ward. Total 74 patients (Male and Female) were included in the study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were randomly allocated in two groups, 32 in each group by odd even method. Group 1 received PNF (hold-relax) protocol while group 2 received Dynamic stretching protocol, both the groups received the treatment along with conventional therapy on alternate days for 4 weeks. Pre and post treatment assessment VAS, Q-DASH score and ranges of motion were done. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23 version. Paired sample T-test and independent sample T test was used to assess within and between group analysis with having confidence interval CI 95% and p value 0.05. The purpose of paired T-test and independent t-test was to determine the difference within and between the groups in all clinical parameters (Q-DASH score, VAS score and ROM) during both pre and post treatment. Results: According to the findings, VAS, Q-DASH scoring and ranges of affected burn shoulder joint were significantly improved in both groups i.e., treated with PNF and Dynamic stretching protocol. However, on group comparison; statistically significant improvement in VAS, Q-DASH scoring and ranges of shoulder were observed in patients treated with PNF as compared to Dynamic stretching with p-value

Background: Regarding to its case fatality rate in 2020, lung cancer is the leading cause of death among all types of cancers globally. Most of the risk factors that led to lung cancer were avoidable. The awareness of lung cancer among population of Bisha region were not explored before. This study aimed to assess the awareness of lung cancer and its risk factors, and its association with sociodemographic factors among Bisha population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 16, and February 15, 2022 among 376 Saudi adults living in Bisha region. The data were collected by using a self-administered questionnaire which was developed by using Google forms and distributed online. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26. The descriptive statistics were represented with frequencies, and percentages. Chi-square (χ2) analysis and fisher exact test were used to compare categorical variables between the subgroups. Results: This study shows high level of awareness of lung cancer and its risk factors among the participants (93.4%). Analysis of sociodemographic factors associated with high level of awareness showed the awareness among females was better than in males (p=0.006), and the awareness among those who never smoked was higher than those who did smoke before (p=0.001). Conclusions: The level of community awareness was high about lung cancer and its risk factors. Health promotion programs significantly influence the level of awareness, and we recommend these programs to be continued.

The coccydynia refers to the pain in the coccyx. Its incidence is increasing due to sedentary lifestyles. The problem is commonly seen in postpartum females caused due to prolong sitting, poor breast feeding position or due to internal and external trauma during labor. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of coccydynia and its association with postpartum females in Allama Iqbal Memorial Teaching Hospital, Sialkot. This is an observational study and convenient sampling technique is used in it. Methods: This study includes 90 postpartum females of age between 20 to 44. Data were collected by using a questionnaire containing 16 questions. Results: Out of 90 postpartum females, the total number of patients having tailbone pain were 86.7% whereas, 8.2% participants had no pain after delivery. Conclusion: The study concludes that the prevalence rate of coccyx pain is very high in postpartum females, due to several reasons. The study mainly focus on providing guidance to the females about the correct positioning, exercises and postural guidance in order to maintain the active lifestyle.

Background: Liver hydatid is a parasitic disease considered benign but can become dangerous because of its complications. The fistula in biliary tract remains one of the most feared complications by its frequency, morbidity and mortality. Materials and methods: We present a descriptive and comparative retrospective study at the university hospital Hassan II of Fez. This study was carried out on 63 cases of angiocholitis on hydatid cyst of the liver fistulized in the bile ducts and extends over a period of 5 years from January 2015 to December 2019. The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the contribution of different therapeutic modalities in the treatment of cystic biliary fistula (Surgical treatment against endoscopic treatment). Results: Surgical treatment was used in 22 patients against 41 patients who underwent endoscopic treatment. The success rate of endoscopic treatment was higher than that of surgical treatment (83% against 73 %, p = 0.350). The mortality rate was reduced in the endoscopy group compared with patients in the surgery group (5% against 14 %, p = 0.226). General morbidity and major morbidity were higher significantly in patients treated surgically (General morbidity: surgery 41% against 2% for endoscopy, P0.05). Conclusion: Endoscopic treatment should be considered as the treatment of choice for angiocholitis due to hydatid cyst of the liver fistulized in the bile ducts.

There is a great need to provide transition planning and enhance the success of individuals with intellectual disabilities in employment and independent living through appropriate practices. This study aims to explore the essential components of effective transition services that teachers should include in their instruction of students with intellectual disabilities. A descriptive quantitative research design was utilized, and data were collected through an online survey from 102 teachers of students with intellectual disabilities. The findings indicated that participants sometimes included most of the five essential components of effective transition service components in their teaching. No statistically significant differences were found in participants’ responses based on school type, years of teaching experience, or qualifications. However, statistically significant differences were found between male and female participants in responses to two of the main components, namely, student-focused planning and interagency collaboration, with male participants reporting higher mean scores than female participants. The study’s implications for practice and future research are also discussed.

Third-world nations have a problem with ethnic and religious violence, which is examined in this research by Frantz Fanon. Pakistan, a formerly colonised country, falls under this category. Numerous writers have written works that address this subject, including Sara Suleri and Bapsi Sidhwa. This investigation focuses on ethnic politics and religious issues in Pakistan. India was divided in 1947, and the new countries of India and Pakistan were born. Nonetheless, since East Pakistan (Bangladesh) broke out in 1971 due to ethnic politics, significant issues with national identity have been highlighted. This study's main objective is to explain why ethnic politics and religious conflicts have become worse in Pakistan after it broke apart from previous United India. Governmental elites in developing countries abuse their population based on their ethnicity. As a result, racial and religious tensions in the country erupted. It helps to comprehend Fanon's views on neocolonialism in this case.The book Ice-Candy Man and the memoir Meatless Days were closely read (textually analysed) for this study.

4D flow MRI allows the analysis of hemodynamic changes in the aorta caused by pathologies such as thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA). For personalized management of TAA, new biomarkers are required to analyze the effect of fluid structure iteration which can be obtained from 4D flow MRI. However, the generation of these biomarkers requires prior 4D segmentation of the aorta.To develop an automatic deep learning model to segment the aorta in 4D from 4D flow MRI.Segmentation is addressed with a U-Net based segmentation model that treats each 4D flow MRI frame as an independent sample. Performance is measured with respect to Dice score (DS) and Hausdorff distance (HD). In addition, the maximum and minimum surface areas at the level of the ascending aorta are measured and compared with those obtained from cine-MRI.The segmentation performance was 0.90 ± 0.02 for the DS and the mean HD was 9.58 ± 4.36 mm. A correlation coefficient of r = 0.85 was obtained for the maximum surface and r = 0.86 for the minimum surface between the 4D flow MRI and cine-MRI.The proposed automatic approach of 4D aortic segmentation from 4D flow MRI seems to be accurate enough to contribute to the wider use of this imaging technique in the analysis of pathologies such as TAA.