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Table S4. OR (95% CI) of fasting plasma glucose above 126 mg/dl according to different categories of white rice intake in Golestan Cohort Study (GCS) and Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), (2004â 2007). (DOCX 88 kb)

Cross-contamination during or early after establishment of a new cell line could result in the worldwide spread of a misidentified cell line. Therefore, newly established cell lines need to be authenticated by a reference standard method. This study was conducted to investigate the authenticity of a newly established epithelial cell line of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) called YM-1 using short tandem repeat (STR) DNA profiling method. Primary human ESCC epithelial cells were cultured from the fresh tumor tissue of an adult female patient. Growth characteristics and epithelial originality of YM-1 cells were studied. Genomic DNA was isolated from YM-1 cells harvested at passage 22 and ESCC donor tumor sample on two different days to prevent probable DNA contamination. STR profiling was performed using AmpFlSTR® Identifiler® Plus PCR Amplification Kit. To address whether YM-1 cells undergo genetic alteration as the passage number increases, STR profiling was performed again on harvested cells at passage 51. YM-1 cells grew as a monolayer with a population doubling time of 40.66 h. Epithelial originality of YM-1 cells was confirmed using ICC/IF staining of cytokeratins AE1/AE3. The STR profile of the ESCC donor tumor sample was the same with YM-1 cells at passage 22. However, STR profile of the donor tumor sample showed an off-ladder (OL) allele in their D7S820 locus. Also, re-profiling of YM-1 cells at passage 51 showed a loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at D18S51 locus. This suggests that long-term culture of cell lines may alter their DNA profile. Comparison of the DNA fingerprinting results in DSMZ, and ATCC STR profiling databases confirmed unique identity of YM-1 cell line. This study provides an easy, fast, and reliable procedure for authentication of newly established cell lines, which helps in preventing the spread of misidentified cells and improving the reproducibility and validity of experiments, consequently.

Un-weighted and weighted OR (95% CI) of diabetes mellitus according to white rice intake in the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS), (2004â 2007)* (DOCX 19 kb)

Table S1. Distribution of individuals in Golestan Cohort Study (GCS) and Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) meeting fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and diabetes medications criterion for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Definition. (DOCX 46 kb)

Table S2. OR (95% CI) of diabetes mellitus according to white rice intake by age categories, sex, physical activity, race/ethnicity and residence intake in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), (2004â 2006). (DOCX 72 kb)

Table S1. Distribution of individuals in Golestan Cohort Study (GCS) and Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) meeting fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and diabetes medications criterion for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Definition. (DOCX 46 kb)

Un-weighted and weighted OR (95% CI) of diabetes mellitus according to white rice intake in the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS), (2004â 2007)* (DOCX 19 kb)

Background: Nut consumption has been inversely associated with gastric cancer incidence in US-based studies, but not with oesophageal cancer. However, there is aetiologic heterogeneity, among oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cases in low-risk vs. high-risk populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between nut consumption and risk of ESCC in a high-risk population. Methods: The Golestan Cohort Study enroled 50,045 participants in Northeastern Iran, between 2004 and 2008. Intake of peanuts, walnuts and mixed nuts (including seeds) were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals for subsequent ESCC adjusted for potential confounders. Non-consumers of nuts were used as the reference category and the consumers were categorised into tertiles. Results: We accrued 280 incident ESCC cases during 337,983 person-years of follow up. Individuals in the highest tertiles of total nut consumption, and mixed nut consumption were significantly associated with lower risk of developing ESCC compared to non-consumers (HR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.39-0.93, p-trend = 0.02, and HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.32-0.84, p trend = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions: We found a statistically significant inverse association between total nut consumption and the risk of ESCC in this high-risk population.