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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-psp-10.1177_01461672231182852 for Asymmetric Effects of Holding Power Versus Status: Implications for Motivation and Group Dynamics by Ji Sok Choi, Seungbeom Hong, Jinkyung Na and Bo Kyung Kim in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-psp-10.1177_01461672231182852 for Asymmetric Effects of Holding Power Versus Status: Implications for Motivation and Group Dynamics by Ji Sok Choi, Seungbeom Hong, Jinkyung Na and Bo Kyung Kim in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Quantifying the temporal variability in phytoplankton productivity is essential for improving our understanding of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics and energy flows in natural aquatic ecosystems. Samples were collected at three-day intervals from December 2018 to January 2019 from fixed station in Marian Cove, Antarctica to determine the C and N (NO3- and NH4+) uptake by phytoplankton. Considerable fluctuations in the total C and N productivities were observed, which led to dynamic changes in the phytoplankton communities and a stronger coupling between the phytoplankton biomass. The increased rate of NO3- uptake coincided with an enhanced C uptake mainly by microphytoplankton (>20 µm), followed by an increase in NH4+ uptake towards the end of sampling period. However, the 3- uptake, and the proportions of assimilated NH4+ contributed to more than half of the total assimilated inorganic N. The increased NH4+ did not increase the total phytoplankton biomass and C production. Interestingly, after January 9 (maximum chlorophyll a, C, and N uptake) there was a shift to a predominantly easterly wind (>6 m s-1), which rapidly decreased the total chl-a, C and N uptake rate to ~4% of the highest values (0.6 mg m-3, 1.0 mg C m-3 h-1, 0.1 mg N m-3 h-1, respectively) on January 12. The phytoplankton community was also replaced by neritic and ice-related species. These findings suggest that strong temporal shifts in phytoplankton C and N assimilation are strongly influenced by external forces (wind stress).

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tva-10.1177_15248380221126185 for Evaluation of Services for the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Youth: A Scoping Review by Bo-Kyung Elizabeth Kim, Carly B. Dierkhising, Jessenia De Leon, Jacquelyne Sandoval, Alyssa Brissett and Dawn Bounds in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

Additional file 1. The results of blinding and credibility test.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tva-10.1177_15248380221126185 for Evaluation of Services for the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Youth: A Scoping Review by Bo-Kyung Elizabeth Kim, Carly B. Dierkhising, Jessenia De Leon, Jacquelyne Sandoval, Alyssa Brissett and Dawn Bounds in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Identification of SYT11 as a marker for the stem-like molecular subtype of GC. A and B, Gene Ontology analysis by molecular subtype in GC patients. C, Schematic diagram of in vitro and in vivo RNA interference (RNAi) screening. D, The effect of gene knockdown in stem-like GC cells during the RNAi screen. SNU484 cells were infected with lentiviral shRNAs of each gene for 48 h. Cell viability was analyzed by SRB assay (n = 3). Supplementary Figure 2. Comparison of gene expression by molecular subtype of patients with GC. A, The mRNA expression of SYT7, SYT8, SYT11, and SYT13 in GC patients with intestinal (n = 116) or stem-like (n = 141) molecular subtypes compared with a two-tailed t-test. B, The mRNA expression level of THBS4, Vimentin, JAM3, and ANGPTL2 in GC patients with intestinal molecular subtype (n = 116) or stem-like molecular subtype (n = 141). Supplementary Figure 3. SYT11 expression and cell proliferation after SYT11 knockdown. A, SNU484 cells were treated with 20 nM siSYT11 for 48 h. The mRNA expression of SYT11 and RPL13A was measured with RT-PCR. PSK4 cells were treated with 20 nM siSYT11 for 48 h. The protein expression of SYT11 was analyzed with a western blot. B, SNU484 cells were treated with 20 nM siSYT11 for 48 h. Cell viability was analyzed with the SRB assay (n = 3). Supplementary Figure 4. Effect of SYT11 on lung metastasis in mice. A, SYT11-HA transgenic mice were created by Macrogen (Seoul, Korea). F2 generation male mice were used for the animal study. For human SYT11 genotyping, we used the following primers: F-5′-GTGGATAGCGGTTTGACTCAC-3′ and R-5′-GAAGGTCTCGTCAAACACAGG-3′. Total RNA was extracted from the tissue of WT and SYT11-Tg mice (RNeasy mini kit, Qiagen, Valencia, CA). The mRNA expression of human SYT11 and mouse GAPDH was analyzed with RT-PCR. B, Genotype identification of SYT11 transgenic mouse. Genomic DNA was extracted from the tail of the mouse for genotyping (Wizard genomic DNA purification kit, Promega Madison, WI). In WT and SYT11-Tg mice, genotyping of SYT11 was analyzed with PCR. C, Mouse melanoma B16F10-luciferase (Luc) cells (2 × 105 cells per mouse) were injected into the tail vein of C57BL/6 mice (9 WT and SYT11-Tg mice). After 18 days, 100 μl of D-luciferin (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA) was administered intraperitoneally, and luminescence imaging was recorded 10 minutes later. Lung metastasis was measured once a week using the IVIS Lumina II system (Caliper Life Sciences, Hopkinton, MA). Quantification of luciferase activity is presented as photons/sec. (WT: n = 9, SYT11 Tg: n = 9). Supplementary Figure 5. The role of JNK in GC cells. A, The effect of JNK knockdown on GC cell proliferation. Cell viability was analyzed via the SRB assay (n = 3). B, JNK expression in GC cells. The JNK protein expression was analyzed with western blotting. C. Cells were treated with JNK inhibitor (SP600125) for 72 h. Viability for cell proliferation was analyzed via the SRB assay (n = 4). D. Transwell invasion assay was performing using cells treated with 40 μM SP600125 (n = 3). ***p ≤ 0.005 (Student’s t-test).

연구목적: 본 연구는 Yin의 질적 사례연구방법을 사용하여 근육장애인이 경험하는 삶의 변화와 적응과정에 대해 살펴보고 필요한 정책과 개입방안을 마련하는 데 있다. 연구방법: 이를 위해 4명의 근육장애인을 대상으로 개별 심층 면접을 진행하였다. 참여자들의 녹취록을 분석 자료로 사용하여 ATLAS.ti ver. 8.3.17을 활용하여 분석하였다. 이에 ‘사례 내 분석’과 ‘사례 간 분석’을 실시하였다. 연구결과: 사례 내 분석에서는 근육병이 발현되고 점차 기능이 떨어지는 진행성 장애로 인한 여러 가지 어려움을 경험하면서도 근육 장애를 받아들이며 적응해나가는 모습이 나타났으며, 사례 간 분석에서는 ‘진행되는 장애와 함께 변화하는 나의 삶’, ‘제한된 사회환경이 만들어낸 벽’, ‘장애와 함께 나아가는 삶’, ‘근육장애인을 위한 차별화된 제도적 개선 필요’ 의 4개의 상위범주와 12개의 하위범주로 도출되었다. 결론: 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 근육장애인이 경험하는 삶의 어려움을 지원하기 위한 사회 복지적 실천적, 정책적 방안을 제안하였다.

2018년 남북정상의 4.27 판문점 선언으로 한반도의 평화 및 협력 분위기가 조성되고, 그해 6월에는 국제철도협력기구(OSJD) 가입으로 한반도를 포함하여 중국, 러시아 등 유라시아와 연계하는 복합물류체계 기반이 마련되었다. 본 논문에서는 한반도와 유라시아를 효율적으로 연결하는 복합물류 네트워크 구축하는데 애로사항을 파악하기 위하여 현재 대륙철도를 이용하고 있는 실무전문가를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시했다. 설문항목은 국경통과 절차, 기술, 시설, 운영, 정부지원 측면 등 5가지로 나누어 애로정도와 해결 우선순위 점수를 조사했다. 그 결과 한국-유라시아간 국제 복합운송 문제점 중에서 우선 해결해야 할 과제로는 환적 시설을 개선하고, 통과국마다 검사하는 것을 폐지하고 통관서류를 간소화해야하며, 운임변동을 최소화하는 방안 마련 등이 선정되었다. 결론적으로 한반도와 대륙철도 연계 및 복합운송 활성화를 위해서는 첫째, 국경에서의 궤간 변경을 원활하게 하기 위한 환적 시스템 개발을 국제공동으로 실시해야 하고, 둘째 남·북·중·러 철도시설 및 운영시설을 표준화해야 하며, 셋째, 통관간소화, 정기 발차, 운임 변동 정보 공유 등을 위한 남·북·중·러의 국제협력이 필요하고, 마지막으로 정부 차원에서 블록트레인 구성을 위한 물량 확보 방안을 마련하고 새로운 비즈니스 모델을 개발해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Repeated dose oral toxicity and toxicokinetic of KDS2010, a new drug for Parkinson's disease, was investigated after 4-week repeated oral administration at 30, 50, 75, or 100 mg/kg/day in rats. Body weight and body weight gain decreased in rats of both sexes in the 75 and 100 mg/kg groups, and food consumption was reduced in male rats of the 75 and 100 mg/kg male groups. Histological alterations were observed in the kidney (urothelial hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration in the renal pelvis, tubular vacuolation/degeneration, basophilic tubules, and hyaline droplets in the proximal tubules) of the 75 and 100 mg/kg male groups and the 50 and 100 mg/kg female groups. The 75 and 100 mg/kg male groups showed adverse effect in the testes (degeneration/exfoliation of germ cells, seminiferous tubules atrophy) and epididymis (cellular debris, oligospermia). These changes were partially recovered after a 2-week recovery period. However, basophilic tubules and hyaline droplets in the proximal tubules in the kidney and germ cell degeneration/exfoliation in the testis were not recovered. In toxicokinetics study, systemic exposure to KDS2010 increased proportionally in both sexes by in a dose -dependent manner. In addition, repeated administration for 4 weeks led to increased tendency of systemic exposure in both sexes compared with that in Day 1. In conclusion, KDS2010 was shown to target the kidney and testis with a no-observed-adverse-effect level of 50 and 30 mg/kg/day for males and females, respectively.

SPIRIT checklist. (DOC 121Â kb)