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Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-aop-10.1177_10600280231174570 for Evaluation of Goal Phenytoin Levels After an Initial Intravenous Loading Dose at an Academic Medical Center by Christine S. Kim, Lena K. Tran, Melanie Z. Goodberlet, Paul M. Szumita and Kaylee K. Marino in Annals of Pharmacotherapy

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-imr-10.1177_03000605221112019 for Enterococcus faecalis-induced infective endocarditis: an unusual source of infection and a rare clinical presentation by Robert Seby, Christine Kim, Mahmoud Khreis and Khaldoun Khreis in Journal of International Medical Research

Creativity gives students the ability to generate novel and useful ideas for complex problems, but generating creative ideas alone is not enough to solve complex problems. It requires that students are able to evaluate their own and others’ ideas, select ideas to develop further, and abandon those that are unlikely to be successful. However, prior research has shown that students do not recognize creative ideas and have a tendency to reject highly creative ideas, and are more likely to select ideas that are consistent with social norms, and easy to understand. The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether the evaluation and selection of ideas can be improved in educational settings. The research found that students’ ability to evaluate creativity in products depends strongly on their discipline. Furthermore, by exposing students to the task before evaluating others’ ideas they become better able to recognize the creative and original ideas. However, students discard original ideas immediately when they know that they have to implement those ideas.

Stem cell differentiation is accompanied by increased mRNA translation. The rate of protein biosynthesis is influenced by the polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine, which are essential for cell growth and stem cell maintenance. However, the role of polyamines as endogenous effectors of stem cell fate and whether they act through translational control remains obscure. Here, we investigate the function of polyamines in stem cell fate decisions using hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) organoids. Compared to progenitor cells, HFSCs showed lower translation rates, correlating with reduced polyamine levels. Surprisingly, overall polyamine depletion decreased translation but did not affect cell fate. In contrast, specific depletion of natural polyamines mediated by spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT; also known as SAT1) activation did not reduce translation but enhanced stemness. These results suggest a translation-independent role of polyamines in cell fate regulation. Indeed, we identified N1-acetylspermidine as a determinant of cell fate that acted through increasing self-renewal, and observed elevated N1-acetylspermidine levels upon depilation-mediated HFSC proliferation and differentiation in vivo. Overall, this study delineates the diverse routes of polyamine metabolism-mediated regulation of stem cell fate decisions. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

This paper investigates the impact of social media movements on shareholders' wealth. The #WhoMadeMyClothes Twitter campaign is an annual social media movement that emerged after the collapse of the Rana Plaza, a building in Bangladesh that housed five garment factories, in April 2013. The global campaign serves as a remembrance day for the factory victims and gives social media users an outlet to address ethical concerns towards apparel retail companies that were buyers of the Rana Plaza factories. My research investigates how this Twitter campaign, in specially April 2015, impacted the stock returns of the companies involved in the Rana Plaza collapse. My analysis is based on 180 publicly traded, global apparel and retail firms. I find an overall negative stock market reaction towards the US firms, regardless of their relationship to the factories, when aggregating over the all active campaign days. However, when pooling firms from all represented countries, I find that only firms involved in the collapse experienced significant negative returns. These firms are also more likely to experience negative returns after the campaign day, compared to the other firms that were not involved in the collapse. On a global perspective, shareholders may have punished firms that had significant ties to the collapse during and after the campaign day. Isolating US firms, a spillover effect might explain the negative returns for apparel and retail firms in general, regardless of their relation to the collapse

Additional file 1.

Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) and peripheral T cell lymphoma not-otherwise-specified (PTCL, NOS) have poor prognosis and lack actionable targets for directed therapies in most cases. Here we report the identification of FYN-TRAF3IP2 as a novel highly recurrent oncogenic gene fusion in AITL and PTCL, NOS tumors. Mechanistically, FYN-TRAF3IP2 triggers aberrant NF-κB activity by engaging TRAF6 downstream of T cell receptor signaling. Moreover, FYN-TRAF3IP2 expression in hematopoietic progenitors induces NF-κB-driven T cell transformation in mice and cooperates with loss of the Tet2 tumor suppressor in PTCL development. Therapeutically, abrogation of NF-κB signaling in FYN-TRAF3IP2-induced tumors via IκB kinase inhibitors delivers strong anti-lymphoma effects in vitro and in vivo. These results formally demonstrate an oncogenic role for FYN-TRAF3IP2 and NF-κB signaling in the pathogenesis of PTCL.

Tissue shape emerges from the collective mechanical properties and behavior of individual cells and the ways by which they integrate into the surrounding tissue. Tissue architecture and its dynamic changes subsequently feed back to guide cell behavior. The skin is a dynamic, self-renewing barrier that is subjected to large-scale extrinsic mechanical forces throughout its lifetime. The ability to withstand this constant mechanical stress without compromising its integrity as a barrier requires compartment-specific structural specialization and the capability to sense and adapt to mechanical cues. This review discusses the unique mechanical properties of the skin and the importance of signals that arise from mechanical communication between cells and their environment.

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Background: The prevalence of dystonia varies worldwide. A prior report suggested a high prevalence of focal dystonia in the Faroese population, possibly reflecting a founder effect. During standardized neurological examination as part of an ongoing neuroepidemiologic study in the Faroe Islands, we noted an unusual phenomenon of thumb flexion during repetitive hand movements in a subset of subjects and sought to define its phenomenology. Methods: We requested commentary from a panel of dystonia experts regarding the phenomenology of the movements. These experts reviewed the videotaped neurological examination. Results: Among the experts, dystonia was the leading diagnosis. Alternate causes were considered, but deemed less likely. Discussion: Diagnosis of dystonia requires careful clinical assessment and consideration of associated features. We report a novel form of dystonia, not previously described to our knowledge, in this isolated population. Further studies of dystonia prevalence in the Faroe Islands are merited to characterize its burden in this population and its specific clinical characteristics. Keywords: Dystonia, focal dystonia, Faroe Islands, thumb flexion, phenomenology