Search

Using an 185-kg NaI[Tl] array, COHERENT has measured the inclusive electron-neutrino charged-current cross section on ${}^{127}$I with neutrinos produced by the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Iodine is one the heaviest targets for which low-energy ($\leq 50$ MeV) inelastic neutrino-nucleus processes have been measured, and this is the first measurement of its inclusive cross section. After a five-year detector exposure, COHERENT reports a flux-averaged cross section for electron neutrinos produced at a pion decay-at-rest source of $9.2^{+2.1}_{-1.8}\times10^{-40}$ cm$^2$. This corresponds to a value that is $\sim$41% lower than predicted using the MARLEY event generator with a measured Gamow-Teller strength distribution. In addition, the observed visible spectrum from charged-current scattering on ${}^{127}$I has been measured between 10 and 55 MeV, and the exclusive zero-neutron and one-or-more-neutron emission cross sections are measured to be $5.12_{-3.1}^{+3.4} \times 10^{-40}\mbox{ cm}^2$ and $2.2_{-0.5}^{+0.4} \times 10^{-40}\mbox{ cm}^2$, respectively., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures

The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is a pulsed source of neutrons and, as a by-product of this operation, an intense source of pulsed neutrinos via stopped-pion decay. The COHERENT collaboration uses this source to investigate coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and other physics with a suite of detectors. This work includes a description of our geant4 simulation of neutrino production at the SNS and the flux calculation which informs the COHERENT studies. We estimate the uncertainty of this calculation at the ∼10% level based on validation against available low-energy π+ production data.

The RED-100 two-phase xenon emission detector has been deployed at 19-m distance from the reactor core of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant (KNPP) in 2021 - 2022 for investigation of the possibility to observe reactor antineutrinos using the effect of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS). The performance of the main systems of the RED-100 setup at operating nuclear power plant is described. There is no correlation of the radioactive background at the experimental setup site with ON and OFF states of the reactor. The data taking run was carried out at the beginning of the year 2022 and covered both the reactor OFF and ON periods., 17 pages, 9 figures, submitted to JINST

The COHERENT experiment located in Neutrino Alley at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), has made the world's first two measurements of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS), on CsI and argon, using neutrinos produced at the SNS. The COHERENT collaboration continues to pursue CEvNS measurements on various targets as well as additional studies of inelastic neutrino-nucleus interactions, searches for accelerator-produced dark matter (DM) and physics beyond the Standard Model, using the uniquely high-quality and high-intensity neutrino source available at the SNS. This white paper describes primarily COHERENT's ongoing and near-future program at the SNS First Target Station (FTS). Opportunities enabled by the SNS Second Target Station (STS) for the study of neutrino physics and development of novel detector technologies are elaborated in a separate white paper., Comment: 38 papers, 24 figures; Snowmass contribution

Using neutrinos produced at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the COHERENT collaboration has studied the Pb($ν_e$,X$n$) process with a lead neutrino-induced-neutron (NIN) detector. Data from this detector are fit jointly with previously collected COHERENT data on this process. A combined analysis of the two datasets yields a cross section that is $0.29^{+0.17}_{-0.16}$ times that predicted by the MARLEY event generator, consistent with no NIN events at $1.8σ$. This is the first inelastic neutrino-nucleus process COHERENT has studied, among several planned exploiting the high flux of low-energy neutrinos produced at the SNS.

We measured the cross section of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) using a CsI[Na] scintillating crystal in a high flux of neutrinos produced at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. New data collected before detector decommissioning have more than doubled the dataset since the first observation of CEvNS, achieved with this detector. Systematic uncertainties have also been reduced with an updated quenching model, allowing for improved precision. With these analysis improvements, the COHERENT Collaboration determined the cross section to be (165−25+30)×10−40 cm2, consistent with the standard model, giving the most precise measurement of CEvNS yet. The timing structure of the neutrino beam has been exploited to compare the CEvNS cross section from scattering of different neutrino flavors. This result places leading constraints on neutrino nonstandard interactions while testing lepton flavor universality and measures the weak mixing angle as sin2θW=0.220−0.026+0.028 at Q2≈(50 MeV)2.

The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is a pulsed source of neutrons and, as a byproduct of this operation, an intense source of pulsed neutrinos via stopped-pion decay. The COHERENT collaboration uses this source to investigate coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and other physics with a suite of detectors. This work includes a description of our Geant4 simulation of neutrino production at the SNS and the flux calculation which informs the COHERENT studies. We estimate the uncertainty of this calculation at about 10% based on validation against available low-energy pion production data.

We present the analysis and results of the first dataset collected with the MARS neutron detector deployed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) for the purpose of monitoring and characterizing the beam-related neutron (BRN) background for the COHERENT collaboration. MARS was positioned next to the COH-CsI coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering detector in the SNS basement corridor. This is the basement location of closest proximity to the SNS target and thus, of highest neutrino flux, but it is also well shielded from the BRN flux by infill concrete and gravel. These data show the detector registered roughly one BRN per day. Using MARS' measured detection efficiency, the incoming BRN flux is estimated to be 1.20 ± 0.56 neutrons/m^2/MWh for neutron energies above ∼3.5 MeV and up to a few tens of MeV. We compare our results with previous BRN measurements in the SNS basement corridor reported by other neutron detectors.

We present results of several measurements of CsI[Na] scintillation response to 3-60 keV energy nuclear recoils performed by the COHERENT collaboration using tagged neutron elastic scattering experiments and an endpoint technique. Earlier results, used to estimate the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) event rate for the first observation of this process achieved by COHERENT at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), have been reassessed. We discuss corrections for the identified systematic effects and update the respective uncertainty values. The impact of updated results on future precision tests of CEvNS is estimated. We scrutinize potential systematic effects that could affect each measurement. In particular we confirm the response of the H11934-200 Hamamatsu photomultiplier tube (PMT) used for the measurements presented in this study to be linear in the relevant signal scale region., Comment: The version accepted by JINST. The changes made as a result of the peer review process: 1. Section 8 "Global CsI[Na] QF data fit" is expanded. The main fit result and its uncertainty is NOT CHANGED. An alternative fit is now shown in Figure 14, Figure 15 is added to further validate the assumptions in the main fit. 2. The Appendix B is restructured for clarity

Release of COHERENT collaboration data from the first detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on argon. This release corresponds with the results of "Analysis A" published in Akimov et al., arXiv:2003.10630 [nucl-ex]. Data is shared in a binned, text-based format representing both "signal" and "backgrounds" along with associated uncertainties such that the included data can be used to perform independent analyses. This document describes the contents of the data release as well as guidance on the use of the data. Included example code in C++ (ROOT) and Python show one possible use of the included data., Comment: Update document with arXiv ID number in requested citation

Item does not contain fulltext Researchers in 14 countries recruited families of toddlers between the ages of roughly 18 and 36 months. These samples ranged from 48 to 119 participants, for a total N of 853. Primary caregivers completed the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire (ECBQ) regarding temperament; the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) regarding behavior problems; adaptations of Socialization Goals and Parental Ethnotheories questionnaires regarding parental beliefs; and new questionnaires concerning daily activities and parent responses to temperament displays. Cultural orientation scores were obtained from archival data.

© 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Novel highly sensitive voltammetric method for the gallic acid, catechin and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) quantification has been developed using glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyquercetin (polyquercetin/MWNT/GCE). The effect of electropolymerization parameters (number of cycles, monomer concentration and polarization window) on the electrode characteristics has been evaluated. The electrode surface has been characterized with SEM, CV and EIS. The linear dynamic ranges of 0.50–10 and 10–750 μM for gallic acid, 0.10–10 and 10.0–250 μM for catechin and 0.050–10 and 10–100 μM for EGCG have been obtained in differential pulse mode with the detection limits of 0.10, 0.024 and 0.014 μM, respectively. The approach has been successfully applied for the tea antioxidant capacity evaluation (AOC). The positive correlations with antioxidant activity towards DPPH • and total phenolics (r=0.7845 and 0.7658 at r crit =0.4227, n=22) have been obtained.

© 2017 Authors. The paper presents the author's technique of preparation for final certification in mathematics for basic school; its key feature is the emphasis on the formation of subject knowledge and abilities, creation of psychologically comfortable situation and confidence in school students. The methodical system considers questions of time management and psychological aspects of examination preparation. The research conducted since 2012 up to present results in the model of a complex system of training school student for final certification for the course of basic school, which includes substantial mathematical preparation and school students' preparation in regard to time management and psychological-pedagogical support of educational process participants; that allows to efficiently achieve education goals for each group of learners. The technique assumes a spirally-cyclic nature of the sequence of passing stages of each lesson; problem character of training material presentation; training by means of specially organized systems of tasks; minimization of theoretical material, use of methods and techniques adequate to the corresponding groups of school students. Materials presented in the paper are of practical value for school teachers, teachers of additional education, administration of educational institutions, school students and their parents as the technique described can be applicable in any educational institution, and be used by school students for independent preparation or preparation with an adult's support; it enables to arrange the training rhythm and the degree to which the material should be studied.

© 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.It was established that the components of tea are oxidized on a glassy carbon electrode modified with carbon nanotubes and electropolymerized quercetin in a phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) as a supporting electrolyte under conditions of differential pulse voltammetry. The oxidation potentials of the individual phenolic antioxidants of tea (gallic acid, rutin, quercetin, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and tannin) on the modified electrode were found. A method for the chronoamperometric determination of the antioxidant capacity (AOC) of tea was developed based on the oxidation of tea antioxidants at a potential of 0.20 V. The AOC of tea was evaluated using а difference between the oxidation currents of the analyte and a supporting electrolyte after 50 s of electrolysis in terms of gallic acid. The analytical range of gallic acid was 0.25‒750 μM with a detection limit of 0.063 μM. Positive correlations of the AOC with antioxidant activity in a reaction with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and the total phenolic content were found (r = 0.700 and 0.647 at rcrit = 0.396, respectively).

© 2015 Springer-Verlag Wien. Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with carbon nanofibers (CNF) and surfactants has been tested for the determination of vanillin in Britton-Robinson buffer. Cationic cetylpyridium bromide (CPB), nonionic Triton X100, and anionic sodium dodecylsulfate surfactants under different concentrations have been tested as modifier of CNF/GCE. The best form of CVs and voltammetric characteristics of vanillin have been obtained on CPB (0.5 mmol dm-3)/CNF/GCE when the 1.4-fold increase of oxidation peak currents has been observed in comparison with CNF/GCE. The electrode has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. These data indicate that CPB/CNF coverage significantly increases the charge transfer (R ct = 0.24 ± 0.04 vs. 4.6 ± 0.1 kΩ for GCE). Mechanism of vanillin oxidation on CPB/CNF/GCE is suggested. The electrooxidation is diffusion-controlled irreversible process with participation of two electrons and two protons and formation of o-quinone. Differential pulse voltammetry has been used for the quantification of vanillin. The working conditions for the vanillin detection (pH 2.0, pulse parameters) have been found. The linear dynamic ranges of the vanillin determination are 0.50-75.0 and 75.0-750 μmol dm-3 with the limits of detection and quantification 0.14 and 0.46 μmol dm-3 of vanillin, respectively. The developed approach has been applied for the vanillin quantification in foodstuff (vanilla sugar, vanilla pods, and cream milk powder). The results obtained are in good agreement with the data of standard spectrophotometric method.

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Phenolic antioxidants of wine were electrochemically oxidized on multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode (MWNT/GCE) in phosphate buffer solution. Three oxidation peaks were observed at 0.39, 0.61 and 0.83 V for red dry wine and 0.39, 0.80 and 1.18 V for white dry wine, respectively, using differential pulse voltammetry at pH 4.0. The oxidation potentials for individual phenolic antioxidants confirmed the integral nature of the analytical signals for the wines examined. A one-step chronocoulometric method at 0.83 and 1.18 V for red and white wines, respectively, has been developed for the evaluation of wine antioxidant capacity (AOC). The AOC is expressed in gallic acid equivalents per 1 L of wine. The AOC of white wine was significantly less than red wine (386 ± 112 vs. 1224 ± 184, p < 0.0001), as might be expected. Positive correlations were observed between gallic acid equivalent AOC of wine and total antioxidant capacity, based on coulometric titration with electrogenerated bromine (r = 0.8957 at n = 5 and r = 0.8986 at n = 4 for red and white wines, respectively).

© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. Eugenol electropolymerization conditions on multiwalled carbon nanotube based glassy carbon electrode (MWNT/GCE) have been found. The polyeugenol/MWNT/GCE shows reversible redox steps of o-quinone fragment in acidic media. Natural phenolic antioxidants are oxidized on polyeugenol/MWNT/GCE at 0.52V excluding resveratrol (0.62V). Differential pulse voltammetry on polyeugenol/MWNT/GCE was applied for the evaluation of wine antioxidant capacity (AOC). The AOC was expressed in catechin equivalents per 1L of wine. The linear dynamic range is 1.00-250μM with LOD and LOQ of 0.21 and 0.71μM of catechin, respectively. Positive correlations for AOC with antioxidant activity (r=0.9840) and total phenolics content (r=0.9944) were observed.

Introduction Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, incurable neurodegenerative disease that targets motoneurons. Cell-based therapies have generated widespread interest as a potential therapeutic approach but no conclusive results have yet been reported either from pre-clinical or clinical studies. Areas covered This is an integrated review of pre-clinical and clinical studies focused on the development of cell-based therapies for ALS. We analyze the biology of stem cell treatments and results obtained from pre-clinical models of ALS and examine the methods and the results obtained to date from clinical trials. We discuss scientific, clinical, and ethical issues and propose some directions for future studies. Expert opinion While data from individual studies are encouraging, stem-cell-based therapies do not yet represent a satisfactory, reliable clinical option. The field will critically benefit from the introduction of well-designed, randomized and reproducible, powered clinical trials. Comparative studies addressing key issues such as the nature, properties, and number of donor cells, the delivery mode and the selection of proper patient populations that may benefit the most from cell-based therapies are now of the essence. Multidisciplinary networks of experts should be established to empower effective translation of research into the clinic.