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This study aims to identify similarities and differences in perceptions of childhood emotional abuse versus other forms of abuse. We will specifically be comparing abuse perceptions of students from 15 different countries. Each group will be recruited from university research participation pools. The study aims to identify similarities and differences in perceptions of abuse severity and offender responsibility, given how emotional abuse is understudied and underreported. Moreover, this study seeks to understand how culture influences perceptions of emotional abuse to gain a deeper understanding of new perspectives.

Similarities and differences in perceptions of various forms of childhood abuse

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-vet-10.1177_03009858221079665 for Histopathology and localization of SARS-CoV-2 and its host cell entry receptor ACE2 in tissues from naturally infected US-farmed mink (Neovison vison) by Jana M. Ritter, Tais M. Wilson, Joy M. Gary, Josilene N. Seixas, Roosecelis B. Martines, Julu Bhatnagar, Brigid C. Bollweg, Elizabeth Lee, Lindsey Estetter, Luciana Silva-Flannery, Hannah A. Bullock, Jonathan S. Towner, Caitlin M. Cossaboom, Natalie M. Wendling, Brian R. Amman, Robert R. Harvey, Dean Taylor, Hannah Rettler, Casey Barton Behravesh and Sherif R. Zaki in Veterinary Pathology

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-vet-10.1177_03009858221079665 for Histopathology and localization of SARS-CoV-2 and its host cell entry receptor ACE2 in tissues from naturally infected US-farmed mink (Neovison vison) by Jana M. Ritter, Tais M. Wilson, Joy M. Gary, Josilene N. Seixas, Roosecelis B. Martines, Julu Bhatnagar, Brigid C. Bollweg, Elizabeth Lee, Lindsey Estetter, Luciana Silva-Flannery, Hannah A. Bullock, Jonathan S. Towner, Caitlin M. Cossaboom, Natalie M. Wendling, Brian R. Amman, Robert R. Harvey, Dean Taylor, Hannah Rettler, Casey Barton Behravesh and Sherif R. Zaki in Veterinary Pathology

BackgroundA nonpedigreed male cat presented with epistaxis, severe bladder hemorrhage, and secondary urethral obstruction after cystocentesis.ObjectivesTo characterize the phenotype of a cat with bleeding diathesis and use a precision medicine approach to identify the molecular genetic defect by whole genome sequencing.MethodsAdenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced whole blood platelet aggregometry was performed in the affected cat and a healthy cat. Platelet activation, measured by P-selectin expression, and surface integrin subunit β3 expression were evaluated by flow cytometry in the affected cat and healthy control. Total integrin subunit αIIb expression was assessed by western blot. Whole genome sequencing at 30× coverage was used to identify genetic variants that segregated in the affected cat compared to 194 cats from the 99 Lives Sequencing Consortium.ResultsPlatelet aggregometry identified significant impairment in platelet aggregation in response to ADP and AA compared to the control cat. Targeted protein expression analyses by flow cytometry and immunoblot analysis determined that the surface expression and total expression of the integrin, αIIbβ3, was absent. Whole genome sequencing identified a homozygous c.1986delC frameshift variant in the integrin subunit αIIb (ITGA2B) gene that was not detected in the control population. The p.Pro662fs (ITGA2B P662X) variant terminates translation of the protein at the extracellular domain of the integrin prematurely, which is predicted to affect expression of the β3 unit.Conclusions and clinical importanceThis novel ITGA2B variant and the associated phenotype closely resemble Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, which has never been reported in cats.

Ensuring that test-score use brings about socially positive consequences for test-takers is an important aspect of test validation. While many studies use an inductive approach to evaluate test consequences, few studies have implemented Appraisal analysis. To that end, this case study investigated the test consequences of an English reading placement test administered at a large American university. In this study, English as a second language (ESL) students (n=8) who took the placement test and an ESL reading course were interviewed; an Appraisal analysis was conducted to identify the students’ positive and/or negative perceptions toward the placement test and reading course. Using an argument-based approach to validity framework, the findings were treated as evidence to evaluate the test consequences of the placement test. The results showed that, while taking the ESL course helped students gain some valuable academic reading skills, students felt that test anxiety, fatigue, and verbally demanding questions hindered their test performances. Understanding what students experienced while taking the test can help test-developers devise solutions that will improve the test-taking situation for future test-takers. This study also illustrates how an Appraisal analysis of test-takers’ discourses can provide a systematic and fine-grained approach to evaluating positive and/or negative test consequences., Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol 20 No 1 (2020)

Site initiation visit (SIV) questionnaire. (DOCX 647 kb)

Example telephone interviews and focus group topic guide questions related to site visit training. (DOCX 18 kb)

Self-assembled quantum dot (QD) solids are a highly tunable class of materials with a wide range of applications in solid-state electronics and optoelectronic devices. In this perspective, we highlight how the presence of microscopic disorder in these materials can influence their macroscopic optoelectronic properties. Specifically, we consider the dynamics of excitons in energetically disordered QD solids using a theoretical model framework for both localized and delocalized excitonic regimes. In both cases, we emphasize the tendency of energetic disorder to promote nonequilibrium relaxation dynamics and discuss how the signatures of these nonequilibrium effects manifest in time-dependent spectral measurements. Moreover, we describe the connection between the microscopic dynamics of excitons within the material and the measurement of material specific parameters, such as emission linewidth broadening and energetic dissipation rate., Comment: 4 figures

The works of Carlos Fuentes are well known for their thematics of History, how the past continues to influence the present despite mechanisms of historical omission, oblivion, or repression. This dissertation offers a spectral reading of a selection of Fuentes’ works—La muerte de Artemio Cruz (1962), Aura (1962), Cambio de piel (1967), Terra nostra (1975), and Una familia lejana (1980)—that represents his vision of Mexican, Latin American, and Transatlantic history. A spectral reading refers to the hidden or indirect ways that the past continues to manifest in the present as specters, ghosts—unconscious and unwitting remembrances of repressed or unknown material that elude conscious recollection but continue nonetheless to linger and impede healthy progress. Concepts from trauma theory and psychoanalysis thus provide a framework for this critical approach. Fuentes’ representations of history often comprise violent events that resonate as ghostly presences haunting contemporary society. Our reading makes use of concepts such as Nicolas Abraham and Maria Torok’s “crypt” and “phantom” as well as Marianne Hirsch’s “postmemory” in order to show how historical traumas and violent events are transmitted across generations as a spectral inheritance. Through this theoretical lens, a spectral reading sheds new light upon Carlos Fuentes’ use of cyclical time, doubling, narrative experimentation, and intertextuality that function together to represent the effects of violent history as a spectral legacy on individual, family, national, regional, and global scales. The works studied in this dissertation’s six chapters represent distinct moments of Fuentes’ narrative production. Despite the works’ various forms of representation—realist, Gothic, modern, postmodern—, their common thread is the timeless burden of historical violence and trauma. Fuentes presents a pessimistic vision of the ways in which contemporary society ineffectively bears or disavows this burden. The works thus show a possibility for embracing the Other and engaging in the task of working through trauma, although this potential reconciliation remains constantly thwarted. History, according to Fuentes, remains trapped in a purgatory of violence. Yet the hope can be gleaned, however, that the reader may take up this healing labor. While full reconciliation continues to elude us, engagement with the ghosts of the past is a healthy first step.

Supporting material (SM). Detailed descriptions about data processing, methodological choices, sensitivity analyses, and supporting evidence. The Supporting Material (SM) content includes sections S1 to S8, Tables S1 to S3, and Figures S1 to S14. (PDF 2212 kb)

School libraries face challenges as they strive to meet their changing roles in today's schools. To remain relevant in the school, the teacher librarian must enhance the presence of the library within the school's educational mission. Our research explored exemplary elementary school library programs, and we found that context was an essential component in determining the roles and relevance of the library in the school. Context was multifaceted and the interaction among factors facilitated or hindered the implementation of exemplary practices and explained variations. A continuum of school library structures and practices was developed to evaluate current school library programs in a more flexible manner than existing standards of practice.

The flutter characteristics of the first AGARD standard aeroelastic configuration for dynamic response, Wing 445.6, are studied using an unsteady Navier-Stokes algorithm in order to investigate a previously noted discrepancy between Euler flutter characteristics and the experimental data. The algorithm, which is a three-dimensional, implicit, upwind Euler/Navier-Stokes code (CFL3D Version 2.1), was previously modified for the time-marching, aeroelastic analysis of wings using the unsteady Euler equations. These modifications include the incorporation of a deforming mesh algorithm and the addition of the structural equations of motion for their simultaneous time integration with the governing flow equations. In this paper, the aeroelastic method is extended and evaluated for applications that use the Navier-Stokes aerodynamics. The paper presents a brief description of the aeroelastic method and presents unsteady calculations which verify this method for Navier-Stokes calculations. A linear stability analysis and a time-marching aeroelastic analysis are used to determine the flutter characteristics of the isolated 45° swept-back wing. Effects of fluid viscosity, structural damping, and number of modes in the structural model are investigated. For the linear stability analysis, the unsteady generalized aerodynamic forces of the wing are computed for a range of reduced frequencies using the pulse transfer-function approach. The flutter characteristics of the wing are determined using these unsteady generalized aerodynamic forces in a traditional V-g analysis. This stability analysis is used to determine the flutter characteristics of the wing at free-stream Mach numbers of 0.96 and 1.141 using the generalized aerodynamic forces generated by solving the Euler equations and the Navier-Stokes equations. Time-marching aeroelastic calculations are performed at a free-stream Mach number of 1.141 using the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations to compare with the linear V-g flutter analysis method. The V-g analysis, which is used in conjunction with the time-marching analysis, indicates that the fluid viscosity has a significant effect on the supersonic flutter boundary for this wing while the structural damping and number of modes in the structural model have a lesser effect.

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Short-term probabilistic forecasts of the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States have served as a visible and important communication channel between the scientific modeling community and both the general public and decision-makers. Forecasting models provide specific, quantitative, and evaluable predictions that inform short-term decisions such as healthcare staffing needs, school closures, and allocation of medical supplies. Starting in April 2020, the US COVID-19 Forecast Hub ( https://covid19forecasthub.org/ ) collected, disseminated, and synthesized tens of millions of specific predictions from more than 90 different academic, industry, and independent research groups. A multimodel ensemble forecast that combined predictions from dozens of groups every week provided the most consistently accurate probabilistic forecasts of incident deaths due to COVID-19 at the state and national level from April 2020 through October 2021. The performance of 27 individual models that submitted complete forecasts of COVID-19 deaths consistently throughout this year showed high variability in forecast skill across time, geospatial units, and forecast horizons. Two-thirds of the models evaluated showed better accuracy than a naïve baseline model. Forecast accuracy degraded as models made predictions further into the future, with probabilistic error at a 20-wk horizon three to five times larger than when predicting at a 1-wk horizon. This project underscores the role that collaboration and active coordination between governmental public-health agencies, academic modeling teams, and industry partners can play in developing modern modeling capabilities to support local, state, and federal response to outbreaks.

Molecular engineering of intra- and interchain interactions transforms polymers into good heat conductors., Traditional polymers are both electrically and thermally insulating. The development of electrically conductive polymers has led to novel applications such as flexible displays, solar cells, and wearable biosensors. As in the case of electrically conductive polymers, the development of polymers with high thermal conductivity would open up a range of applications in next-generation electronic, optoelectronic, and energy devices. Current research has so far been limited to engineering polymers either by strong intramolecular interactions, which enable efficient phonon transport along the polymer chains, or by strong intermolecular interactions, which enable efficient phonon transport between the polymer chains. However, it has not been possible until now to engineer both interactions simultaneously. We report the first realization of high thermal conductivity in the thin film of a conjugated polymer, poly(3-hexylthiophene), via bottom-up oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD), taking advantage of both strong C=C covalent bonding along the extended polymer chain and strong π-π stacking noncovalent interactions between chains. We confirm the presence of both types of interactions by systematic structural characterization, achieving a near–room temperature thermal conductivity of 2.2 W/m·K, which is 10 times higher than that of conventional polymers. With the solvent-free oCVD technique, it is now possible to grow polymer films conformally on a variety of substrates as lightweight, flexible heat conductors that are also electrically insulating and resistant to corrosion.

This study examined the perceptions that Virginia public high school counselors have towards the Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC) program in their schools. Specifically, four areas of research questions were addressed: (1) knowledge; (2) beliefs and attitudes about benefits to students; (3) the extent to which JROTC is recommended to all students; and (4) the appropriateness of JROTC for particular students. Data for this study were obtained from high school counselors in Virginia who were working in a school which offered JROTC as an elective. A questionnaire containing statements about the claims of JROTC was generated. The questionnaire contained a combination of true/false questions, Likert-type scale questions, a checklist of student characteristics, open-ended questions, and a final section on demographics. The investigator conducted follow-up interviews with school counselors at selected schools. Data analysis were relational and descriptive. Results indicated that school counselors were knowledgeable about the relationship between JROTC and the military. School counselors indicated that they were in general agreement with the claims of benefits to students by JROTC, and indicated a positive attitude about these benefits to students. School counselors identified specific characteristics of students for whom they would recommend JROTC. School counselors also indicated for whom JROTC is an appropriate elective, and for whom it may not be appropriate or feasible. It was concluded that school counselors have a generally positive perception towards JROTC in Virginia public schools. Recommendations for future research were presented. Ph. D.