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Humans can effortlessly understand the coordinate structure of sentences such as "Niels Bohr and Kurt Cobain were born in Copenhagen and Seattle, respectively". In the context of natural language inference (NLI), we examine how language models (LMs) reason with respective readings (Gawron and Kehler, 2004) from two perspectives: syntactic-semantic and commonsense-world knowledge. We propose a controlled synthetic dataset WikiResNLI and a naturally occurring dataset NatResNLI to encompass various explicit and implicit realizations of "respectively". We show that fine-tuned NLI models struggle with understanding such readings without explicit supervision. While few-shot learning is easy in the presence of explicit cues, longer training is required when the reading is evoked implicitly, leaving models to rely on common sense inferences. Furthermore, our fine-grained analysis indicates models fail to generalize across different constructions. To conclude, we demonstrate that LMs still lag behind humans in generalizing to the long tail of linguistic constructions., Comment: To appear at ACL 2023

Machine translation (MT) system aims to translate source language into target language. Recent studies on MT systems mainly focus on neural machine translation (NMT). One factor that significantly affects the performance of NMT is the availability of high-quality parallel corpora. However, high-quality parallel corpora concerning Korean are relatively scarce compared to those associated with other high-resource languages, such as German or Italian. To address this problem, AI Hub recently released seven types of parallel corpora for Korean. In this study, we conduct an in-depth verification of the quality of corresponding parallel corpora through Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) and several relevant experiments. LIWC is a word-counting software program that can analyze corpora in multiple ways and extract linguistic features as a dictionary base. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to use LIWC to analyze parallel corpora in the field of NMT. Our findings suggest the direction of further research toward obtaining the improved quality parallel corpora through our correlation analysis in LIWC and NMT performance.

This paper proposes a tool for efficiently constructing high-quality parallel corpora with minimizing human labor and making this tool publicly available. Our proposed construction process is based on neural machine translation (NMT) to allow for it to not only coexist with human translation, but also improve its efficiency by combining data quality control with human translation in a data-centric approach., Comment: Accepted for Data-centric AI workshop at NeurIPS 2021

We propose a contextual emotion classifier based on a transferable language model and dynamic max pooling, which predicts the emotion of each utterance in a dialogue. A representative emotion analysis task, EmotionX, requires to consider contextual information from colloquial dialogues and to deal with a class imbalance problem. To alleviate these problems, our model leverages the self-attention based transferable language model and the weighted cross entropy loss. Furthermore, we apply post-training and fine-tuning mechanisms to enhance the domain adaptability of our model and utilize several machine learning techniques to improve its performance. We conduct experiments on two emotion-labeled datasets named Friends and EmotionPush. As a result, our model outperforms the previous state-of-the-art model and also shows competitive performance in the EmotionX 2019 challenge. The code will be available in the Github page., Comment: The 7th International Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Social Media (in conjunction with IJCAI 2019); figure modified