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To solve the trouble of cervical vertebra disease caused by long working hours, this work is aimed at designing an active monitor stand to achieve the best dynamic trajectory planning. The stand operation system consists of image input, face positioning, and robotic arm. According to the user’s face positioning, the inverse kinematics method is used to calculate the steering angle in each direction, and the height and angle are adjusted to make the corresponding selection for the user’s display position on the screen. The C++ is used to program the algorithm, and its core is to control the rotation speed of the motor to ensure that the display screen will not cause any interference to the normal work of the user when the bracket moves. In the inverse operation, the Piper method is used to solve the inverse kinematics issues. After testing, the sliding wedge stroke of the developed active display stand is 0.6 mm, and the height position difference at the reference zero point after the display stand is measured with a digital altimeter is 7.12 mm, which indicates that the stand shows a large deformation after being mounted. This work is of important reference value for realizing the movement of active display stand.

BackgroundOsteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor mainly affecting children and young adolescents. Cisplatin is a first-line chemotherapy drug for OS, however, drug resistance severely limits the survival of OS. Nevertheless, cellular factors in cisplatin resistance for OS remain obscure. In this study, the function and potential mechanism of p53 in cisplatin absorption were explored in OS cells.MethodsThe CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology was performed to obtain p53 gene knock-out U2OS cells. The p53 over-expression 143B cell line was established by lentivirus-mediated virus infection. Moreover, the functions of p53 and CTR1 in cisplatin absorption were assessed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) through CTR1 over-expression and knock-down. Further, the DNA binding activity of SP1 on CTR1 gene promoter was determined by dual-luciferase assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. The functional regulation of p53 on SP1 was studied by nucleocytoplasmic separation assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The interaction between p53 and SP1 was verified by Co-Immunoprecipitation assay.ResultsUnder cisplatin treatment, p53 knock-out promoted CTR1 expression and cisplatin uptake, while p53 overexpression inhibited CTR1 expression and cisplatin uptake. Moreover, p53 regulated CTR1 level not by binding to CTR1 promoter directly but by suppressing the nuclear translocation of transcription factor specificity protein 1 (SP1). It was verified that SP1 is directly bound with CTR1 promoter. SP1 overexpression stimulated CTR1 expression, and SP1 knock-down attenuated CTR1 expression.ConclusionThe p53 might function as a negative regulator in CTR1 mediated cisplatin absorption, and the p53-SP1-CTR1 axis is a target for cisplatin resistance.

The aircraft engine hot section is most vulnerable and failure prone to environmental particle ingestion, which, particularly for helicopters, can cause detrimental effects ranging from reduced performance to complete engine failure. The objective of this work is to develop an analytical tool to assess environmental particle impact on engine hot sections. The current state of the art in experimental and analytical research on environmental particle ingestion related to engine hot sections was reviewed, with emphasis on sand particles. From these efforts, the available experimental data for model calibration were identified, and an innovative particle rebound/deposition model has been developed. A semi-empirical approach is selected to model particles bouncing off metal surfaces, where the coefficients of restitution measured in a temperature range of 297–1323 K are used to calculate particle bounce-back velocity components. The developed deposition model is based on non-dimensional parameter analysis over more than seventy experiments related to particle deposition in engine hot sections. The metal surface temperature, one of two critical parameters in particle deposition, is also included in the model. The model was successfully implemented into commercial software and checked step by step. It was calibrated by two cases: sand [Arizona road dust (ARD)] particle impingement on a circular plate and Mt. St. Helens volcanic ash impinging on a first-stage air-cooled nozzle guide vane (NGV). For the former case, the calibrated model predicts fairly well the variation of particle deposition rate with flow/particle temperature. The latter case indicates that the particle deposition rate at engine operating conditions can be assessed by the developed model. Due to the lack of experimental data that would permit a full calibration/validation, for the time being the model can be only used under limited conditions. As additional relevant experimental data appears, the model will be continuously improved.

We study mutually unbiased bases formed by special entangled basis with fixed Schmidt number 2 (MUSEB2s) in $\mathbb {C}^{3}\otimes \mathbb {C}^{4p} (p\in \mathbb {Z}^{+})$ . Through analyzing the conditions MUSEB2s satisfy, a systematic way of the concrete construction of MUSEB2s in $\mathbb {C}^{3}\otimes \mathbb {C}^{4p}$ is established. A general approach to constructing MUSMEB2s in $\mathbb {C}^{3}\otimes \mathbb {C}^{4p}(p\in \mathbb {Z}^{+})$ from MUSMEB2s in $\mathbb {C}^{3}\otimes \mathbb {C}^{4}$ is also presented. Detailed examples in $\mathbb {C}^{3}\otimes \mathbb {C}^{4}$ , $\mathbb {C}^{3}\otimes \mathbb {C}^{8}$ and $\mathbb {C}^{3}\otimes \mathbb {C}^{12}$ are given. Especially, by choosing special entangled basis with fixed Schmidt number 2 (SEB2) from [J. Phys. A. Math. Theor. 48245301(2015)], the limitation of $3\nmid p$ in [Quantum Inf. Process. 17:58(2018)] is successfully deleted.

The current state of the art in experimental and analytical research on environmental particle ingestion related to engine hot sections was reviewed, with greater emphasis focussed on sand particles. From these efforts, the available experimental data for model calibration were identified, and a particle rebound/deposition model has been developed. A semi-empirical approach is selected to model sand particles bouncing off metal surfaces, where the coefficients of restitution measured in a temperature range of 297–1323 K from Delimont et al are used to calculate particle bounce-back velocity components. The developed deposition model is based on non-dimensional parameters and the analysis over more than seventy experimental datasets related to particle deposition in engine hot sections carried out by Suman et al. Moreover, the metal surface temperature, one of two critical parameters in particle deposition, is also included in the model. The developed rebound/deposition model was successfully implemented into the ANSYS CFD Premium solver and checked step by step. The model is calibrated by two cases: sand [or Arizona road dust (ARD)] particle impingement on a circular plate and Mt. St. Helens volcanic ash (comparable with ARD particles in terms of chemical composition) impinging on a first-stage air-cooled nozzle guide vane (NGV). For the former case, the calibrated model predicts fairly well the variation of particle capture efficiencies with flow/particle temperatures. The latter case indicates that the particle capture efficiency at engine operating conditions can be assessed by the developed model. Due to the lack of experimental data that would permit a full calibration/validation, for the time being it could be only used under limited conditions. Certainly, the model will be continuously improved as the relevant experimental data appears.

We systematically study the constructions of unextendible entangled bases with a fixed Schmidt number k (UEBk) in a bipartite system Cd⊗Cd′. Motivated by the methods of [J. Phys. A 52 : 375,303, 2019], we construct (dd’ − v)-member UEBks in Cd⊗Cd′ by using generalized weighing matrices and thus generalize the results of [arXiv: 1909.10043, 2020]. We also present the corresponding expressions of our constructions and graphically illustrate UEB3s in C5⊗C6 and C6⊗C6.

The 3D equation of the ultimate bearing capacity Pb of the karst cave foundation under self-weight γ is established using the associated flow law in the upper limit method of limit analysis on the basis of the Hoek-Brown strength criterion and the punching failure mode of the karst cave foundation. In combination with the variational principle, the equation of the punching failure line and the ultimate bearing capacity expression of the karst cave foundation are derived. The ultimate bearing capacity Pb and critical hole diameter of the karst cave foundation under self-weight are calculated by programing. The theoretical rationality is verified by indoor model tests. The research shows that: (1) The influence of the rock RMR value and uniaxial compressive strength σc on the ultimate bearing capacity of the karst cave foundation has nothing to do with the consideration of the self-weight γ factor. Both factors increase with the increase in uniaxial compressive strength σc and RMR value, and vice versa. These factors decrease with the increase in self-weight γ; however, the change is obscured; (2) The ultimate bearing capacity of the karst cave foundation Pb basically linearly increases with the increase in the thickness of the roof h of the cave; when considering the self-weight σ and thickness of the roof h, the change of the ultimate bearing capacity Pb of the karst cave foundation mainly depends on the difference between the increment of the internal dissipative and gravity power; (3) When RMR 60, self-weight has a small influence on the critical span D of the cave; (4) When RMR ≤ 40, the influence of self-weight γ on the ultimate bearing capacity Pb must be considered; when RMR ≥ 70, self-weight γ must be considered when calculating the ultimate bearing capacity Pb of the karst cave foundation because the error is generally within 3%.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Dendrogram of the peanut panel based on genotypic data. Figure S2. Frequency distribution of relative kinship coefficient in 99 peanut accessions. Figure S3. (A) QQ plots for shell infection index (SLII) in 2018 and 2019. (B) Manhattan plots for SLII in 2018 and 2019. Figure S4. (A) QQ plots for seed infection index (SDII) from 2014 to 2016. (B) Manhattan plots for SDII from 2014 to 2016. Figure S5. 0-8 scale for resistance screening of peanut pod.

Introduction Chordoma is a malignant tumor predominantly involving the skull base and vertebral column. This study aimed to investigate the molecular characteristics of PTEN and CDKN2A in conventional and chondroid chordomas and their correlation with clinical prognosis. Materials and methods A total of 42 patients were enrolled, including 26 patients with conventional chordoma and 16 patients with chondroid chordoma. Clinicopathological profiles and tissue specimens were collected. Gene sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization were performed to identify genetic alterations in the PTEN and CDKN2A genes. Immunohistochemical staining was used for semiquantitative evaluation of PTEN and CDKN2A expression. Results Gene sequencing revealed an intron SNP (c.80-96A>G) and a missense mutation (c.10G>A; p.Gly4Arg) in the PTEN gene and a missense mutation (c.442G>A; p.Ala148Thr) in the CDKN2A gene. Loss of the PTEN locus was identified in 25 (59.5%) cases, and loss of the CDKN2A locus was found in 28 (66.7%) cases. There was no significant correlation between progression-free survival (PFS)/overall survival (OS) and loss of PTEN or CDKN2A. The patients with lower PTEN expression showed significantly shorter PFS and OS than those with higher expression, while there was no significant difference in PFS or OS between patients with lower CDKN2A expression and those with higher CDKN2A expression. Conclusion Our findings delineated the genetic landscape and expression of PTEN and CDKN2A in chordomas. PTEN expression may serve as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for chordomas.

A practical method to assess quantitatively the uniformity of fuel/air mixing is essential for research and development of advanced low-emission combustion systems. A non-uniformity factor, based on the fuel/air equivalence ratio, is proposed and demonstrated in a simple methane/air venturi mixer. It has two advantages over the unmixedness parameter and uniformity index approaches: it is correlated with the fuel/air mixture combustion property, and the maximum temperature deviation from the designed value caused by fuel/air non-uniformity can be estimated. Because of these, it can be used as a criterion to check fuel/air mixing quality, or as a target for fuel/air mixer design with acceptable maximum temperature deviation., ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, September 21 - 25, 2020, Virtual, Online

An attempt of large eddy simulation (LES) in a model combustor is performed, and a number of critical issues, such as grid size, incoming flow, wall boundary, physical sub-model and result sampling, are discussed. The computed results are compared with comprehensive experimental measurements, and illustrate that the mean axial velocity and temperature distributions inside the combustion chamber can be fairly well predicted by LES. However, for LES to become an accurate and cost-affordable tool for advanced combustion system development, some basic issues remain to be addressed and more validation studies are required. In addition, considerable computing power is needed in order to catch both low and high frequencies of flow motion in actual turbulent combustion systems. &nbsp

Background Disc degeneration (DD) is one of the common diseases worldwide, which deeply influences normal life and leads to excruciating pain. However, an effective treatment for DD is still not identified. Method The present study systemically examined the effect of melatonin on annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of patients with DD. Results Melatonin had the effect of promoting proliferation, inducing autophagy, and suppressing apoptosis on AF cells of patients with DD. Moreover, melatonin contributed to the translation and transcription of autophagy-related protein ATG7 and inhibited the function of miR-106a-5p in AF cells. In addition, the results suggested that miR-106a-5p mediated the expression of ATG7 by directly binding to its 3'UTR in AF cells. Conclusion This research not only gained a deep insight of melatonin mode of action, but also indicated its potential target signaling pathway in AF cells.

In our previous study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) presented satisfying therapeutic effects with cancer cell selectivity in osteosarcoma cells and, thus, have been considered as a potential nanomedicine for human osteosarcoma treatment. However, the poorly investigated internalization process, including their endocytic pathway into tumor cells and intracellular fate, limits the clinical application. Here, we further clarified these aspects. First, ZnO NPs were rapidly internalized by osteosarcoma cells and accumulated in mitochondria, before being entrapped into lysosomes. Second, dynasore (a dynamin inhibitor) was demonstrated to be the most effective in blocking ZnO NP uptake and rescuing ZnO NP-induced osteosarcoma cell autophagic death and apoptosis. Third, we confirmed the key role of dynamin 2 in ZnO NP endocytosis and subsequent autophagic cell death in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we proved that VPS34 transferred from cell cytoplasm to cell membrane to interact with dynamin under ZnO NP treatment. Altogether, combined with our previous study, the current research further revealed that ZnO NPs entered human osteosarcoma cells through the VPS34/dynamin 2-dependent endocytic pathway, directly targeting and damaging the mitochondria before being entrapped into the lysosomes, thereby initiating mitophagy-Zn2+-reactive oxygen species-mitophagy axis mediated cell apoptosis.

Additional file 2: Figure S2. Genome annotation statistics of S. rolfsii GP3 and ZY by blasting against five databases including GO, KOG, KEGG, NR and Swiss_pro

Additional file 7: Figure S7. The pipeline for putative secretomes and effectors analysis of S. roflsii GP3 and ZY

Additional file 6: Figure S6. Analysis of orthologs of two S. rolfsii strains and other species in Agaricomycetes

Additional file 5: Figure S5. KEGG classification of genes of S. rolfsii GP3 and ZY. a Distribution of genes among processes, metabolism, and organismal systems of S. rolfsii GP3; b Distribution of genes among processes, metabolism, and organismal systems of S. rolfsii ZY

Additional file 1: Figure S1. The crystallographic structural analysis of the iron oxides on three representative glazes based on μ-XRD and Raman spectroscopy.

Additional file 4: Figure S4. Go annotation enrichment analysis of genes of S. rolfsii GP3 and ZY. a Number of genes in biological process, cellular component, and molecular function of S. rolfsii GP3 and ZY; b Percent of genes involved in molecular function, biological process, and cellular component of S. rolfsii GP3; c Percentage of genes involved in molecular function, biological process, and cellular component of S. rolfsii ZY

Additional file 3: Figure S3. KOG distribution of predicted proteins of S. roflsii GP3 and ZY

An electromechanical dynamic model of the solar array drive system (SADS) was proposed to analyze the disturbance characteristics, and verified by the experiment study in the laboratory. The factors which directly cause the SADS’s disturbance were differentiated based on the idea of reductionism, and corresponding disturbance characteristics were investigated. The other kinds of factors which do not cause disturbances but affect the disturbance characteristics of SADS, as well as their influence rules, were also analyzed. The results of the proposed model agree well with the experimental data, with an error of less than 10%. Disturbances of SADS occur when the rotational-motion acceleration and structural-vibration acceleration are not both equal to zero. The current subdivision of the drive controller, nonlinear magnetic field of the stepping motor, and the varying meshing parameters of the gear reducer can directly cause disturbances, which vary periodically and occur near excitation frequencies and high-order harmonic frequencies. The amplitude of the disturbance increases with a decrease in the number of current subdivisions, an increase in electromagnetic excitation and the fluctuation margin of gear-meshing parameters. The closed-loop current control, nonlinear friction between the brush and slip ring, the bending-torsional coupling of the solar array, and the gear clearance of the gear reducer do not cause the SADS’s disturbances but can affect their profile and spectrum distribution from different aspects, even introducing disturbance components in the non-driving directions.

The number of retracted reviews, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses, in the biomedical literature has increased dramatically in recent years. There has not yet been a systematic study to clarify the characteristics of retracted reviews. Present study determined trends in biomedical reviews, particularly with respect to reasons for retraction and geographical origin. Reviews were collated from Medline and Cochrane Library searches. Reasons for retraction were catalogued based on information retrieved via PubMed, Google, and journal websites. A total of 171 retracted non-Cochrane reviews and 439 Cochrane reviews were included. The most common reasons for retraction of non-Cochrane reviews were invalid review (n = 70), error (n = 36), and plagiarism (n = 20). Chinese authors produced a distinctively large number of reviews retracted for a faked review process and most retracted meta-analyses from areas of biochemistry molecular biology, oncology, genetics heredity and etc. Cochrane review retraction reasons included principally updating issues (n = 382), errors (n = 26), and sponsorship policy issues (n = 13). The number of retracted reviews in the biomedical literature, especially from Chinese authors, has surged since 2005. The major reasons for these retractions were related to updating among Cochrane systematic reviews but were related to misconduct among non-Cochrane systematic reviews. The present results highlight the need misconduct prevention measures.

Additional file 15. Differentially expressed MYB, bHLH, and WD40 factors between wsc and WT. (A) Heatmap and expression levels of differentially expressed MYB transcription factors between wsc and WT. (B) Heatmap and expression levels of differentially expressed bHLH factors between wsc and WT. (C) Heatmap and expression levels of differentially expressed WD40 factors between wsc and WT. The gene expression was scaled using Z-score of FPKM (mean value of three biological replications) in the heatmap.

Additional file 2: Figure S1. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay in 292 peanut accessions. Figure S2. Description of phenotypic values for 292 peanut accessions. Figure S3. Comparison of oil content (%) among peanut accessions released at different stages. Figure S4. Association study for oil content. Figure S5. Frequency and phenotypic effect of combined genotypes between AGGS1014_2 and AHGS0798 in the peanut panel.

Additional file 9. qRT-PCR validation of DEGs between wsc and WT. (A) Transcript levels of 17 genes with average FPKM value ≥2.5. The y-axis showed relative gene expression levels analyzed by qRT-PCR and RNA-Seq. WT qRT-PCR (rose columns) and wsc qRT-PCR (white columns) corresponding to qRT-PCR expression data. WT RNA-Seq (rose lines) and wsc RNA-Seq (gray lines) refer to RNA-seq data. The data presented here are mean values from three repetitions. Error bars represent standard error (SE) (n = 3). (B) Comparison of gene expression ratios from qRT-PCR and RNA-Seq data. RNA-Seq log2 values of the expression ratio (y-axis) are plotted against the three different developmental stages (x-axis). The gene expression was scaled using Z-score of FPKM (mean value of three biological replications) in the heatmap.

Additional file 4. Cotyledon metabolism and fatty acid contents in wsc and WT. (A) Enriched KEGG pathways of cotyledon metabolism in wsc and WT. (B) Fatty acid contents in wsc and WT.

Additional file 17. The growing observation of wsc and WT.

Additional file 13. The expression of phytohormone-synthesis pathway genes in wsc and WT. (A) Heatmap and FPKM values of different expressed BR synthesis pathway genes between wsc and WT. (B) Heatmap and FPKM values of the differently expressed GA synthesis pathway genes between wsc and WT. (C) Heatmap and FPKM values of differently expressed JA synthesis pathway genes between wsc and WT. BR6OX1, brassinosteroid-6-oxidase 1; BAS1, PHYB-4 ACTIVATION-TAGGED SUPPRESSOR 1; KAO, ent-kaurenoic acid hydroxylase; GA2ox, gibberellin 2-oxidase; GA3ox, gibberellin 3-beta-dioxygenase; PLA1, phospholipase A1; AOC, allene oxide cyclase; OPR, 12-oxophytodienoic acid reductase; MFP2: multifunctional protein 2. The gene expression was scaled using Z-score of FPKM (mean value of three biological replications) in the heatmap.

Additional file 19. Sequence alignment of Araip.MHR6K between wsc and WT.

Additional file 11. FPKM values for DEGs in glycolysis and the TCA cycle. (A) Expression of hexokinase genes. (B) Expression of pyruvate kinases genes. (C) Expression of phosphofructokinase genes. (D) Expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase component genes. (E) Expression of aconitate hydratase genes. (F) Expression of citrate synthase genes. (G) Expression of isocitrate dehydrogenase genes. (H) Expression of succinate dehydrogenase genes. (I) Expression of malate dehydrogenase genes.

Additional file 10. Comparison of glycolysis and citrate cycles between wsc and WT. (A) Comparison of glycolysis between wsc and WT; (1) hexokinase; (2) glucosephosphate isomerase; (3) phosphofructokinase; (4) aldolase; (5) triose phosphofructokinase; (6) glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase; (7) phosphoglycerate kinase; (8) phosphoglyceromutase; (9) enolase; (10) pyruvate kinase; (11) non-enzymatic reaction; (12) lactate dehydrogenase; (13) pyruvate decarboxylase; (14) alcohol dehydrogenase. (B) Comparison of the citrate cycle between wsc and WT; (pre), pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; (1) citrate synthase; (2) aconitase; (3) aconitase; (4) isocitrate dehydrogenase; (5) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; (6) succinyl CoA synthase; (7) succinate dehydrogenase; (8) funarase; (9) malate dehydrogenase. Gene expression was scaled using Z-scores of FPKM for mean valued of three biological replicates in heatmaps.

Additional file 20. WSC losses affect multiple primary and secondly metabolism pathways. Mutant of WSC leads to a coordinated increase in transcript and metabolic levels of carbon metabolism pathways and hormone synthesis and signaling pathways while the flavonoids metabolism pathway was redirected. Up- and down-regulated genes and metabolites are shown in red and green, respectively.

Additional file 14. The expression of mutipl-phytohormones signaling pathway genes in wsc and WT. (A) Heatmap and FPKM values for differently expressed ABA signaling pathway genes between wsc and WT. (B) Heatmap and FPKM values of differently expressed auxin synthesis pathway genes between wsc and WT. (C) Heatmap and FPKM values of differently expressed BR signaling pathway genes between wsc and WT. (D) Heatmap and FPKM values of differently expressed CTK signaling pathway genes between wsc and WT. (E) Heatmap and FPKM values of different expressed GA signaling pathway genes between wsc and WT. (F) Heatmap and FPKM values of differently expressed JA signaling pathway genes between wsc and WT. (G) Heatmap and FPKM values of differently expressed SA signaling pathway genes between wsc and WT. The gene expression was scaled using Z-score of FPKM (mean value of three biological replications) in the heatmap.

Additional file 12. Expression profiles of sucrose synthesis and transport genes in wsc and WT. SS, sucrose synthase; SUT, sucrose transport protein; STP; sugar transporter protein; ERD, early response to dehydration transporters; SWEET, Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters.

As the economy and society enter the period of rapid post-industrialization, the pressures on resources and the environment are becoming more obvious. Therefore, the environmental protection work faces more challenges. There are many important elements in the environmental emergency detection system, such as emergency monitoring data, information, and command transmission. In order to deal with all kinds of sudden environmental pollution accidents in a timely manner and to reduce the damage to the environment caused by accidents, we need to ensure the safety of the environment. Therefore, we must use scientific methods to manage sudden environmental pollution accidents. In this paper, we combine Internet technology, GIS technology and multimedia database technology, and establishes a decision support system for emergency monitoring and disposal based on multimedia information systems. Its basic hardware includes environmental risk source monitoring, emergency monitoring, command and dispatch, environmental emergency network and environmental emergency monitoring center construction. The software system includes basic software environment, environmental emergency monitoring and command information sharing platform, application software and unified portal. The entire system is integrated according to an organized organizational system, providing detection systems and early warning systems for sudden environmental pollution incident prevention and emergency response. The system we designed can collect and process relevant information in a very short time. The system can quickly handle emergency decision-making and minimize the adverse effects caused by sudden environmental pollution accidents. Experiment results show the well performance of the proposed system. The multimedia based user interface guarantees the user experience.

The national Lightning Detection Network of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA LDN) has been under construction since 2008. It works in the VLF/LF frequency band to detect Cloud-to-Ground (CG) flashes. It uses the time of arrival and direction finding integrated method to locate, and its operations are stable. The evaluation of the detection efficiency within the network using historical data is close to 70%, while the location accuracy using four stations and above is less than 200 meters. The peak current error is less than 30%. Through the analysis of the lightning monitoring data for 5 years from 2013 to 2017, it is found that the lightning activity as a whole has a downward trend in recent years. There is a large difference in lightning activity in different regions. Generally, the south is the most active, and the flash density is the highest in southern China. The most, especially the average proportion in August is more than 30%.

In this paper, two schemes of teleporting two particles are proposed. In first scheme, an auxiliary particle is introduced to transfer a two-particle state with special coefficients. The sender adopts Bell bases measurement and Von Neumann measurement, then the receiver obtain the state through appropriate unitary transformation. In second scheme, two special two-particle entangled states are chosen as quantum channel. The sender takes Bell bases measurement twice, and transfers the results to the receiver by classical channel, then the receiver gets the transmitted state through unitary transformation.

The operation disturbance induced by the solar array drive system (SADS) and the residual vibration of solar array following the attitude adjustment of the spacecraft obviously affect the dynamics environment, quick stabilization, and attitude stability of the high-precision spacecraft. However, these two kinds of vibration disturbance are characterized by distinct vibration categories, direction of vibration, and modal shapes. A multi-degree-of-freedom vibration reduction strategy (VRS) was presented to improve the dynamic characteristics of SADS and then to weaken these disturbances synthetically in this paper. SADS applying this VRS was modeled based on the virtual work principle, and the influence of the stiffness and damping parameters of this VRS on the SADS dynamic characteristics was analyzed. Then a prototype of vibration reduction device (VRD) was designed and verified by disturbance characteristic and modal experiments. The results indicate that the equivalent stiffness of VRD is critical to the natural frequency of SADS and thus should be carefully deliberated to avoid resonance. The equivalent damping of VRD always has positive correlation with modal damping. A good performance up to 40% in terms of operation disturbance suppression and a greater than 56% decrease of the damping time for 99% residual vibration have been obtained.

The characteristics of pile-rock structure interface considerably influence the load transmission process of the rock-socketed segment of pile. The expressions for pile side friction are established based on the mechanism of sliding dilatancy. An analytical solution for the friction and axial force of the rock-socketed segment are obtained when the surrounding rock is under the conditions of the sliding dilatancy stage. Then, the distribution of friction resistance and axial force along the rock-socketed segment are discussed based on the obtained analytical solution and the pile tip load sharing ratio. The load transfer process of the rock-socketed segment of pile is analyzed by conducting a field test on a large-diameter rock-socketed pile. The side friction characteristics in soil and rock are expounded. The calculation parameters are obtained inversely by combining with the theoretical formula. Theoretical calculation result exhibits good agreement with measured data.

We study the unextendible entangled bases with fixed Schmidt number (UEBk) in $$\mathbb {C}^d\otimes \mathbb {C}^{d'}$$ which play a significant role in quantum information processing. We first give the construction of the UEBk when $$d'$$ is not the multiple of k and illustrate two different UEBks in $$\mathbb {C}^3\otimes \mathbb {C}^7$$ and $$\mathbb {C}^4\otimes \mathbb {C}^{10}$$ . Then, we present the construction of the UEBk when $$d'$$ is the multiple of k and illustrate them in $$\mathbb {C}^7\otimes \mathbb {C}^8$$ , $$\mathbb {C}^4\otimes \mathbb {C}^9$$ , $$\mathbb {C}^8\otimes \mathbb {C}^8$$ and $$\mathbb {C}^4\otimes \mathbb {C}^8$$ . Our constructions of UEBk generalize the results in Guo [Phys Rev A 90 : 054303, 2014].

Background Disc degeneration (DD) is one of the common diseases worldwide, which deeply influences normal life and leads to excruciating pain. However, an effective treatment for DD is still not identified. Method The present study systemically examined the effect of melatonin on annulus fibrosus (AF) cells of patients with DD. Results Melatonin had the effect of promoting proliferation, inducing autophagy, and suppressing apoptosis on AF cells of patients with DD. Moreover, melatonin contributed to the translation and transcription of autophagy-related protein ATG7 and inhibited the function of miR-106a-5p in AF cells. In addition, the results suggested that miR-106a-5p mediated the expression of ATG7 by directly binding to its 3′UTR in AF cells. Conclusion This research not only gained a deep insight of melatonin mode of action, but also indicated its potential target signaling pathway in AF cells.

The phylogenetic tree of bZIP genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, Arachis duranensis, Arachis ipaensis, and Glycine max. (PDF 683 kb)

Gene-specific primers used for qRT-PCR. (PDF 463 kb)

Amino acid sequence alignment of the leucine zipper region of 95 Arachis bZIP proteins for prediction of dimerization properties. (PDF 894 kb)

Positions and patterns of introns within the basic and hinge regions of the bZIP domains of the Arachis bZIP transcription factors. (PDF 327 kb)