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Genetics Diseases affect a majority of people during their lifetime. Many affected individuals present symptoms that will affect their health conditions and quality of life. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent the occurrence of potential health problems. Many genetic syndromes are known to have distinctive facial phenotypes, which are highly informative to provide an opportunity for automated detection. In recent years, artificial intelligence has been developed for the accurate and automated detection of genetic diseases with facial phenotypes. However, the diagnostic performance of different algorithms to identify genetic diseases with facial phenotypes require further investigation. The aim of this review is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence to identify the genetic disease with face phenotypes and then find the best algorithm.

Background: Many genetic diseases are known to have distinctive facial phenotypes, which are highly informative to provide an opportunity for automated detection. However, the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence to identify genetic diseases with facial phenotypes requires further investigation. The objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence to identify the genetic diseases with face phenotypes and then find the best algorithm. Methods: The systematic review will be conducted in accordance with the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols” guidelines. The following electronic databases will be searched: PubMed, Web of Science, IEEE, Ovid, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Two reviewers will screen and select the titles and abstracts of the studies retrieved independently during the database searches and perform full-text reviews and extract available data. The main outcome measures include diagnostic accuracy, as defined by accuracy, recall, specificity, and precision. The descriptive forest plot and summary receiver operating characteristic curves will be used to represent the performance of diagnostic tests. Subgroup analysis will be performed for different algorithms aided diagnosis tests. The quality of study characteristics and methodology will be assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. Data will be synthesized by RevMan 5.3 and Meta-disc 1.4 software. Results: The findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis will be disseminated in a relevant peer-reviewed journal and academic presentations. Conclusion: To our knowledge, there have not been any systematic review or meta-analysis relating to diagnosis performance of artificial intelligence in identifying the genetic diseases with face phenotypes. The findings would provide evidence to formulate a comprehensive understanding of applications using artificial intelligence in identifying the genetic diseases with face phenotypes and add considerable value in the future of precision medicine. OSF Registration: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/P9KUH.

Photon carries linear momentum and angular momentum simultaneously. Within the light-matter interaction process, exchange of linear momentum results in optical forces, whereas exchange of angular momentum leads to optical torques. Use of optical forces (light pressure or damping) have been long and wide in quantum optomechanics, however, those of optical torque and optical angular momentum are not. Here we propose a theoretical framework based on optical angular momentum and optical torques to derive the Hamiltonians of cavity orbital and spin angular momentum optomechanical systems, respectively. Moreover, based on the method, we successfully obtain the Hamiltonian of the complex angular momentum optomechanical systems consisting of micro-cavity and several torsional oscillators, whose reflection coefficients are non-unit. Our results indicate the general applicability of our theoretical framework for the Hamiltonian of angular momentum optomechanical systems and extend the research scope of quantum optomechanics.

Additional file 1. Table S1. The Phenotype Classification Scores (PCS) used in our study.

In this paper we propose a dark-state-based trapping strategy to break the optical diffraction limit for microscopy. We utilize a spatially dependent coupling field and a probe laser field with temporal and spatial modulation to interact with three-level atoms. The temporal modulation allows us to reduce the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of point spread function, and the spatial modulation help us obtain better spatial resolution than Gaussian beam. In addition, we also propose a proof-of-principle experiment protocol and discuss its feasibility., Comment: In section 4, we say that we use MOT to do experiment. However, now we realize that this experiment proposal is not sufficient. We don't consider the experimental details, such as the arrange of lasers, atomic density, etc. These things are essential important for our proposal. However, we think this difficult cannot be easily solved in short time

Additional file 1: Figure S1. CCLE database shows that the protein expression levels of S1PR1, STAT3, and VEGFA in MDA-MB-231 cells are much higher than those in MCF-7 cells. Figure S2. MTT assay shows that MCF-7 cells are more sensitive to doxorubicin and cisplatin than MDA-MB-231 cells. Figure S3. MTT assay shows that the proliferation of MCF-7-siRNAs and MDA-MB-231-siRNAs was downregulated compared with MCF-7-siNC and MDA-MB-231-siNC, respectively. Figure S4. MTT assay shows that the proliferation of HUVEC-siRNAs was downregulated compared with that of HUVEC-siNC. Figure S5. NMR spectra of DSPE-PEG-cRGD and DSPE-PEG2000-COOH. Figure S6. cRGD-modified nanoparticle can exist in the blood circulation for a longer time. Changes of SD rat serum fluorescence value with time after injecting the RB or RB@cRGD-CaP-NPs into the tail vein. Mean ± SEM, n = 3, **P

Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used for quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR (qRT-PCR).

In this study, we focused on studying the changes in urine metabolites in hyperlipidemic rats using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-fight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and metabolomics, as well as the effect of Citri Reticulatae Chachiensis Pericarpium (CRCP) on hyperlipidemia. These urine samples were examined by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS to obtain MS data. The MS data were analyzed by principal component analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis to identify the differential metabolites. CRCP reduced the body weight and levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and abnormally decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hyperlipidemic rats, which were significantly raised by a high-fat diet. Twenty-seven potential biomarkers were identified within the complex sample matrix of urine. Fourteen biomarkers increased in the hyperlipidemia rats compared with normal rats. Meanwhile, 13 biomarkers decreased. CRCP reversed abnormal changes in biomarkers, including 5-l-glutamyl-taurine, 5-aminopentanoic acid, cis-4-octenedioic acid and 2-octenedioic acid. These biomarkers show that hyperlipidemia is related to the metabolic pathways of taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and arginine and proline metabolism. CRCP mainly prevents hyperlipidemia by intervening in these metabolic pathways.

Using ultra high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOFMS) based metabolomics, we focused on developing a method for the comprehensive distinction between Citri Reticulatae Blanco Pericarpium(CRBP) and Citri Reticulatae Chachi Pericarpium (CRCP), as well as the CRCP within different storage years in this study. Through this, we hope to enhance Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP) Quality Control system. Using UNIFI software and an online database identified chemical components in the 3-30 years CRCP(40 batches) and CRBP (10 batches)samples, and multivariate statistical analysis methods and heat-map were applied to distinguish between CRCP and CRBP and CRCP in different storage years. The results showed that a total of 92 compounds were identified from CRCP and CRBP samples, most of which were flavonoids. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) indicated that it can effectively distinguish between CRBP and CRCP and various storage years CRCP, and 19 metabolites were identified as potential markers for distinguishing between CRBP and CRCP, and 15 potential markers showed a higher level of CRCP than CRBP. At the same time, 31 metabolites were identified to distinguish CRCP in different storage years, metabolite levels increased in 3-10 years and decreased after 15-30 years. Therefore, this approach can effectively distinguish between CRCP and CRBP and CRCP with different storage years, and may also provide a feasible strategy for the certification of Chinese herbal medicines from different species and storage years.

In this paper, an efficient depth image based view rendering method for high quality multi-view virtual images synthesis is proposed, which utilizes two color images with their associated depth maps. The proposed method consists of four main steps. The first step is virtual camera parameters design by using shift-sensor camera model to avoid the keystone distortion during virtual view synthesis. Secondly, the mixed color pixels around the boundary of image objects is detected and skipped in the following step, which can eliminate the “ghost” artifacts. Then the two input color images are rendered to multiple virtual view positions on the basis of depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) and merged into one image. Finally, a depth-aided inpainting algorithm is used to fill the disoccluded areas. Experiment results are shown to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method compared to other traditional DIBR methods.

Virtual view rendering has been considered as a key technique in three-dimensional display. A new virtual view rendering method aimed at flat-panel auto-stereoscopic displays which shifts each pixel in reference image horizontally based on depth image is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the depth image is pre-processed by expanding objects boundaries so as to avoid foreground being split due to the inaccuracy of depth image. The second is to horizontally shift all points in reference image to the desired virtual position based on associated disparity, which is determined by depth image and the limit of screen parallax. Finally, to handle the tradeoff between image quality and algorithm complexity, we fill the small holes with a modified interpolation method while the remaining large disoccluded regions are recovered by a depth-aided inpainting algorithm. Experiments are carried out to show the superiority of the proposed method.

This paper presents an advanced packet loss concealment method designed for the receiver of an audio streaming represented in the Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT) domain. Based on the sinusoidal and transient patterns, the sinusoidal component and transient information can be analyzed efficiently in MDCT domain, and the MDCT coefficients of sinusoidal component in the lost packets are reconstructed and further refined by transient information. In order to compare with different approaches, we conducted a listening test. The experimental results show that our approach can improve the quality with quite low complexity.

The trend in three-dimensional television (3DTV) applications demonstrates the interest in virtual view synthesis techniques. A depth-image based view synthesis method which utilizes a main color image with associated depth map and an assistant color image is presented in this paper. The depth-image based view synthesis method is performed through extracting essential information from an assistant color image to fill the exposed holes and wrongly mapped pixels in the image warped from a main color image on the basis of depth-image-based rendering (DIBR). During the synthesis, the main color image takes the leading position and a differential distance-and-depth weighted (DDW) algorithm is also proposed to improve the DIBR performance. Experiments results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through assessment of image quality and algorithm cost.

In this paper, to solve the problem of communication between different type PLCs (programmable logic controllers) which implement different protocols. Firstly, the protocol conversion thought is laid out. On this basis, a general plant control system protocol converter model is presented. Secondly, the protocol converter is developed as one ActiveX control by the COM (component object model) technology, which gives many advantages to plant control system protocol converter of opening, security, easy update and visual parameter setting and so on. Finally, the protocol converter is used to realize protocol conversion between two different PLC protocols in a project.