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Objective: To identify the possible virulence factors (VFs) of P. proliferus. Methods: By Illumina HiSeq 4000 RNA-Seq platform, transcriptomes of adult P. proliferus worms were sequenced to predict VFs via screening the homologues of traditional VFs of parasites based on the annotations in the functional databases. Homology analysis was also performed to screen homologous genes between P. proliferus and other four Paragonimus species (i.e., P. kellicotti, P. skrjabini, P. miyazakii and P. westermani) whose transcriptomes were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, and then the differential-expressed homologous genes (DEHGs) were screened via comparisons of P. proliferus and P. kellicotti, P. skrjabini, P. miyazakii and P. westermani, respectively. Finally, an overlap of the predicted VFs and DEHGs was performed to identify possible key VFs that do not only belong to the predicted VFs but also DEHGs. Results: A total of 1,509 genes of P. proliferus homologous to traditional VFs, including surface antigens (SAGs), secreted proteins (SPs), ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Transporters, actin-related proteins (ARPs), aminopeptidases (APases), glycoproteins (GPs), cysteine proteases (CPs), and heat shock proteins (HSPs), were identified. Meanwhile, homology analysis identified 6279 DEHGs among the five species, of which there were 48 DEHGs being mutually differentialexpressed among the four pairs of comparisons, such as MRP, Tuba 3, PI3K, WASF2, ADK, Nop56, DNAH1, PFK-2/FBPase2, Ppp1r7, SSP7. Furthermore, the overlap between the predicted VFs and DEHGs showed 97 genes of the predicted VFs that simultaneously belonged to DEHGs. Strikingly, of these 97 genes, only 26, including Chymotrypsin, Leucine APases, Cathepsin L, HSP 70, and so on, were higher expressed in P. proliferus while all the remaining were lower expressed than in the four other species. Conclusions: This work provides a fundamental context for further studies of the pathogenicity of P. proliferus. Most of the predicted VFs which simultaneously belonged to DEHGs were lower expressed in P. proliferus.

The free vibrations of an elastic cylinder with open slits are analyzed with the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The analytical procedure is based on the formulation in cylindrical coordinates with the three-dimensional linear elasticity. For the formulation and calculation of kinetic and strain energies, the cylinder is divided into upper and lower parts with the depth of the slit. Using the Rayleigh-Ritz method, the eigenvalue equation is obtained for the two parts with different displacements in Chebyshev polynomials. Utilizing the displacement continuity conditions at the interface between, the eigenvalue equations for the cylinder is obtained. A convergence check and comparison with the FEM results demonstrate the validity and accuracy of the present method.

To explore the possible molecular mechanism of Ikaros regulation on FUT4 expression by analyzing the correlation of the functional state of Ikaros with level of FUT4 expression, so as to provide the theoretical basis for personalized treatment in children with ALL.The subtypes of Ikaros were identified by nested PCR and sequencing. The expression level of FUT4 was detected by quantitative PCR and analyzed by ΔΔCt method in the early stage of treatment, remission and relapse of ALL.Ik1 and Ik2 were the main functional subtypes, and the dominant negative Ikaros was Ik6; the Ik6 was detected in 23 patients with ALL. It was found that 2.73% patients expressing Ik6 alone and 18.18% patients with heterozygous expression were detected. The expression of FUT4 in the newly diagnosed ALL was higher than that in the control group, and the functional Ikaros negatively correlated with the FUT4 expression(r=-0.6329).Dominant negative Ikaros closely correlated with the relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children. The functional Ikaros negatively correlated with FUT4 expression. Ikaros inhibit the transcriptional activity of FUT4, that may be the molecular mechanism of Ikaros regulating the expression of FUT4.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of p38MAPK signaling pathway in autophagy of intestinal epithelial cells induced by spvB of S.typhimurium. METHODS: Henle-407 cells in exponential growth were infected with wild-type S.typhimurium strain STM-211 (with spvB gene), spvB mutated strain STM-ΔspvB, or with ΔspvB-complemented strain STM-c-spvB after treatment of the cells with the p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580. At different time points of co-culture, the cells were collected and the intracellular bacteria were counted. Western blotting was performed to detect the expressions of phosphorylated p38 and autophagy-related proteins LC3 and p62; immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression and distribution of LC3. RESULTS: At 1, 2 and 4 h after the infection, the phosphorylation levels of p38 in STM-211 group and STM-c-spvB group were significantly lower than that in STM-ΔspvB group (P < 0.05). At 2 and 4 h of co-culture, the intracellular bacterial counts were significantly greater in STM-211 and STM-c-spvB infection groups than in STM-ΔspvB group (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with p38 inhibitor SB203580 did no significantly affect the expression levels of LC3 Ⅱ or P62 in STM-211 and STM-c-spvB groups, but caused significant reduction in their expressions in STM-ΔspvB group at 1 h (P < 0.05), and such changes were more obvious at 3 h (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of spvB gene on autophagy in intestinal epithelial cells is related with the negative regulation of p38MAPK signaling pathway.

As a new learning framework, Multi-Instance learning is labeled recently and has successfully found application in vision classification. A novel Multi-instance bag generating method is presented in this paper on basis of Gaussian Mixed Model. The generated GMM model composes not only color but also the locally stable unchangeable components. It is frequently named as MI bag by researchers. Besides, another method called Agglomerative Information Bottleneck clustering is applied to replace the MIL problem with the help of single-instance learning ones. Meanwhile, single-instance classifiers are employed for classification. Finally, ensemble learning is adopted to strengthen classifiers’ generalization ability of RBM (Restricted Boltzmann Machine) as the base classifier. On the basis of large-scale datasets, this method is tested and the corresponding result shows that our method provides high accuracy and good performance for image annotation, feature matching and example-based objectclassification.

Two new copper(II) complexes [Cu2L2(CH3OH)]·CH3OH (1) and [CuL]n (2) (H2L = N-(1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzal-pyrazolone-5)-salicylidene hydrazide) with different structures have been synthesized by the reactions of copper acetate with the 4-acyl pyrazolone derivative H2L in MeOH or EtOH solvent, respectively. The X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that 1 displays a dinuclear structure which is further linked by weak coordination interactions and hydrogen bonds to generate an infinite 1D chain. Complex 2 exhibits 1D left-handed and right-handed helical chains structure in a 1:1 ratio along the c axis, and the 1D chains with the same handedness were linked by hydrogen bonds to form a racemic two-fold interpenetrated 3D framework. The results demonstrated that the solvents with different coordination abilities have significant effect on the structure of the complexes. On the other hand, the ligands H2L adopt tridentate chelating mode and tetradentate chelating-bridging mode to coordinate with Cu(II) ions in 1 and 2, which attested that the flexible 4-acyl pyrazolone Schiff base derivative can adopt different coordination modes to form complexes with varied structures. The variable temperature magnetic investigation indicates that 2 exhibits typical antiferromagnetic behavior.

In this paper, we propose a single-interval Legendre-Gauss collocation method for multi-pantograph delay differential equations. Numerical experiments are carried out to illustrate the high order accuracy of the numerical scheme.

A wide bandwidth low crosstalk triplexer is designed and fabricated using silica arrayed waveguide gratings(AWGs).In order to obtain wide bandwidth for all three wavelengths whose wavelength differences are large,multimode interferences(MMIs)with different structures are used at the junction between output waveguides and Rowland circle.Using two-dimensional finite difference beam propagation method,the simulated results show that 3 dB bandwidth of the designed triplexer are up to 23 nm,23.5 nm and 25 nm for 1 310 nm,1 490 nm and 1 550 nm,respectively.The insertion losses all are 4 dB.The crosstalk is less than -40 dB for 1 310 nm,and are less than -40 dB for 1 490 nm and 1 550 nm.Using broadband light source,the measured results show that 3dB bandwidth for 1 550 nm is 23 nm.Using three independent narrowband light sources,the measured results show that the insertion losses of the three waves all are 7 dB.The crosstalk is less than -40 dB for 1 310 nm,and are less than -39 dB for 1490 nm and 1 550 nm.The measured and simulated results are basically consistent.

As a new learning framework, Multi-Instance learning is used successfully in vision classification and labeled recently. In this paper, a novel Multi-instance bag generating method is put forward on the basis of a Gaussian Mixed Model. The generated GMM model composes not only color but also the locally stable unchangeable components. It is called MI bag by researchers. Besides this, another method which is called Agglomerative Information Bottleneck clustering is ad opted here to replace the MIL problem with the help of single-instance learning ones. Meanwhile, single-instance classifiers are employed here for classification. Finally, ensemble learning is employed to strengthen classifiers' generalization ability of RBM (Restricted Boltzmann Machine) as the base classifier. On the basis of large-scale datasets, this method is tested and the result of it shows that our method provides higher accuracy and performance for image annotation, feature matching and example-based object-classification.

Aiming at properties of remote sensing image data such as high-dimension, nonlinearity and massive unlabeled samples, a kind of probability least squares support vector machine (PLSSVM) classification method based on hybrid entropy and L1 norm was proposed. Firstly, hybrid entropy was designed by combining quasi-entropy with entropy difference, which was used to select the most "valuable" samples to be labeled from massive unlabeled sample set. Secondly, a L1 norm distance measuring was used to further select and remove outliers and redundant data from the sample set to be labeled. Finally, based on originally labeled samples and screened samples, PLSSVM was gained through training. Experimental results on classification of ROSIS hyper spectral remote sensing images show that the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of the proposed classification method reach 89.90% and 0.8685 respectively. The proposed method can obtain higher classification accuracy with few training samples, which is much applicable to classification problem of remote sensing images.

A triplexer is fabricated based on SOI arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs). Three wavelengths of the triplexer operate at different diffraction orders of an arrayed waveguide grating. The signals of 1490 nm and 1550 nm, which are input from central input waveguide of an AWG, are demultiplexed and the signal of 1310 nm, which is input from central output waveguide of an AWG, is uploaded. The tested results show that the downloaded and uploaded signals have flat-top response. The insertion loss is 9 dB on chip, the nonadjacent crosstalk is less than -30 dB for 1490 nm and 1301 nm, and is less than -25 dB for 1550 nm, the 3 dB bandwidth equates that of the input light source.

Nitrogen and phosphorus release from herbaceous vegetation of water-level fluctuation zone in the Three Gorges Reservior (TGR) area could become a crucial source which may deteriorate water quality of TGR. Stems and leaves of the dominant herbaceous plants from water-level fluctuation zone were collected and inundated in the laboratory for measuring nitrogen and phosphorus release along with decay process. Results show that: (1) The differences of initial carbon and nitrogen content among herbaceous plants of water-level fluctuation zone are remarkable, except intial phosphorus content. (2) The decomposition of vegetation under inundation causes the increase of pH, the decrease of Eh of the overlying water and the release of nitrogen and phosphorus. The release amount of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) are (3.85 +/- 2.53), (1.33 +/- 0.73) mg x g(-1) respectively. The release process of TN and ammonia nitrogen (NH4(+) -N) shows a parabolic curve, whereas TP releases fits in a logarithmic curve. The average peak time of TN and TP concentration is in the 15th day of inundation, while NH4(+) -N is in the 33th day. The release amount and rate of nutrients follow the sequence in TNTPNH4(+) -N. The average loads of TN, TP and NH4(+) -N release from vegetation decay in three months' inundation are 22.4, 8.9 and 4.5 kg x hm(-2) respectively. (3) The lower initial C and higher initial N and P content of plant, make an advantage for nitrogen and phosphorus release when plants are inundated in flooding period of TGR.

An algorithm for distributed mining association rules with constraints called DMCASE is presented using Sampling and constraint-based Eclat algorithm. At each database site, Sampling algorithm and constraint-based Eclat algorithm are implemented. And the local frequent itemsets satisfying constraints are developed. They then are combined to global frequent itemsets satisfying constraints based on inductive learning method. DMCASE algorithm scans the whole database only once. It is also an algorithm with high efficiency. Results from our experiments show that the algorithm is an effective way to resolve the problem of distributed mining association rules with constraints.

Aiming at chaos in the wind turbine systems, the H control strategy is presented based on the Hamiltonian model, which makes systems disengage chaos and operate stably. Firstly, the permanent magnet synchronous generator of wind power system is transformed into a model which is similar to a Lorenz-like classical mathematic model through a series of transforms, and demonstrates existing chaos phenomena when its parameter values are in a certain range. Then, the Hamiltonian model of chaos system is established by taking full advantage of the physics structure of wind power system without the compensation of workless forces. Moreover, an H controller is investigated under the external disturbance. This controller is not only simple but also can reflect the interior structure and dynamic characteristics of system. The proposed strategy proves to be valid by simulations.

Taking hyperchaotic Chen system and hyperchaotic Lorenz system as examples, we study the anti-synchronization of hyperchaotic systems with slow time-varying parameters. Firstly, taking advantage of active control concept, the non-linear parts of hyperchaotic systems are eliminated, and then based on Lyapunov stability theory, a kind of parameter adaptive control law is selected reasonably to achieve anti-synchronization of two hyperchaotic systems, which is a good solution to the time-varying parameters perturbation problem. Furthermore, hyperchaotic systems of different parameters with fractional order are studied via sliding mode control,which is proved to be valid theoretically. Numerical simulation experiments verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

Aluminium reacts with Chlorophosphonazo I at pH 4-6 to form a water-soluble 1:1 red-violet complex. The absorption maximum is at 610 nm and the apparent molar absorptivity is 1.96 x 10(4) l.mole(-1).cm(-1). The apparent instability constant has been calculated to be 1.8 x 10(-4). The colour of the complex is stable for 24 hr. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range up to 0.8 mug ml . Titanium and zirconium interfere seriously.