1. Literary Attention: The Hairy Politics of Details
- Author
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Yves Citton, LITT&ARTS. Arts et pratiques du texte, de l’image, de l’écran et de la scène (LITT&ARTS ), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Citton, Yves, Littérature, histoires, esthétique (LHE), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8), and Shtalbi, Haki
- Subjects
Value (ethics) ,Literature ,[SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,Kindness ,business.industry ,4. Education ,General Arts and Humanities ,Wishful thinking ,media_common.quotation_subject ,16. Peace & justice ,Intellectual history ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Literary Attention ,[SHS.LITT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature ,Literary theory ,Aesthetics ,Literary science ,Literary criticism ,[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences ,Sociology ,Political philosophy ,business ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,media_common - Abstract
What can literary studies bring to our experience? The fact that many scholars, on both sides of the Atlantic, have recently felt the need to address this question is usually interpreted as a symptom of a "crisis" in the literary profession. Fewer students, fewer jobs, less attractiveness, less impact, less prestige: the study of literature seems bound to follow the path taken by the study of theology during the nineteenth century. Against this background feeling of gloom and doom, the steady flow of manifestoes in favor of literary studies often sounds overblown by wishful thinking. Literary interpretations, as performed in the classroom, are supposed to ground, shape, and expand our moral consciousness, set the foundations for an alternative to the suicidal logics of global capitalism, and/or provide an affordable gymnastics training us to become successful among the young sharks of the creative class. Such contradictory and overambitious goals have provided an understandable backlash among more realistic, cautious, or cynical colleagues. Phil Watts never indulged in theoretical or programmatic gesturing. As a teacher, as a scholar, as a member of faculty committees, as a departmental chair, he was well aware of the challenges faced by our profession. As a reader and as a thinker, he eagerly followed the debates about the constant reconfiguration of our discipline--and his interest in Jacques Ranciere and Roland Barthes bears witness to his profound engagement with literary theory, especially with respect to its connection with intellectual history and political philosophy. But, to my knowledge, he never attempted directly, openly, and frontally to intervene in the theoretical discussions about the evolution and the future of our profession. This may be due to his profound humility: there is an inherent arrogance in the theoretical mode of discourse, which went against the grain of his self-effacing persona. But I believe it is also due to a deeper form of wisdom and intelligence. Phil understood that the best way to defend the study of literature was to actually perform it, rather than merely to preach it. As a teacher, as a scholar, as a family man, and as a community member, he taught by example, rather than by admonition or reproach. The best thing we can do to defend, improve, and expand our practice of literature is to follow his example. We can do so by attempting to imitate him in his kindness, generosity, caution, and courage--and this is by far the best tribute we can bring to his memory: making his example as alive as possible in and through as many of us as possible. We can also try to understand what he did that was so lovable and inspiring--and this is what I will attempt to do here. Analyzing what Phil Watts did to and with literature may help us assert more powerfully the value of literary studies in our contemporary world. My thesis will be simple and straightforward: what Phil Watts's example teaches us is that literature, today, consists in a certain exercise and practice of attention to details. Enlarging the Scope, Narrowing the Focus The first question raised by my assertion is probably attention to what? Of course, Phil Watts studied and taught literary texts: Celine, Sartre, Eluard, Camus, but also Kateb Yacine and Mohamed Dib. But his dramatically short career displays a constant and irresistible movement of expansion--from canonical metropolitan literary authors to Algerian writers, to philosophers like Ranciere, and, more and more, to cinema. If Phil Watts taught and studied "French literature," then we must enlarge the scope of what we call "literature" in order to include in it not only Francophone texts but also forgotten films, obscure film critiques, and aesthetic and political debates, all of which might seem to have very little to do with what is usually called "literature." Hence the first feature in the portrait of literary studies I am proposing under the inspiration of Phil Watts's example: literary studies can no longer be defined by certain classes of objects of inquiry (isolating a predetermined corpus), but by a certain type of attention, which can be devoted to any product of human intelligence and which I will try to define as literary attention. …
- Published
- 2014