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Os esforços por uma reforma no sistema judiciário brasileiro ganharam novo fôlego com a instauração da República. Mas como os indivíduos se inserem nesse movimento? O objetivo desse texto é compreender a percepção e a ação de um personagem – com passagem fluida entre direito, política e literatura – a respeito da organização do poder judiciário na Paraíba. José Américo se formou bacharel em 1908, e em meio aos conflitos com a influência política de sua família, conseguiu a nomeação como promotor público em Sousa e depois procurador geral do estado. Nessa instituição, ele atuou em favor de uma cultura legalista, na reforma dos processos de primeira instância marcados por vícios. Mas também escrevia na imprensa, e nesse espaço, circulou temas jurídicos importantes. Ao observar esse processo, foi possível compreender alguns dos limites e das possibilidades de um magistrado na transformação da Justiça. Efforts for a reform in the Brazilian judicial system gained new impetus with the establishment of the Republic. But how do individuals fit into this movement? The objective of this text is to understand the perception and action of a character – with a fluid passage between law, politics, and literature – in the organization of the judiciary in Paraíba. José Américo, who graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1908 and, amid conflicts with the political influence of his family, managed to be appointed as public prosecutor in Sousa, and later as general prosecutor of the state. In that institution, he acted in favor of a legalistic culture, in the reform of first instance processes marked by vices. Nevertheless, he also wrote in the press and in that space, he circulated important legal themes. By observing this process, it was possible to understand some of the limits and possibilities of a magistrate in the transformation of Justice. Los esfuerzos por reformar el sistema judicial brasileño cobraron un nuevo impulso con el establecimiento de la República. Pero, ¿cómo encajan los individuos en este movimiento? El objetivo de este texto es comprender la percepción y la acción de un personaje – com un pasaje fluido entre el derecho, la política y la literatura – sobre la organización del poder judicial en Paraíba. José Américo, licenciado en 1908, y en medio de conflictos con la influencia política de su familia, fue nombrado fiscal en Sousa y más tarde fiscal general del estado. En esta institución actuó a favor de una cultura legalista, en la reforma de procesos de primera instancia marcados por vicios. Pero también escribió en la prensa, y en ese espacio circuló importantes temas legales. Al observar este proceso, fue posible comprender algunos de los límites y posibilidades de un magistrado en la transformación de la Justicia.

Educational institutions are moving to a hybrid model that allows onsite and online classes. Students and teachers must adapt to these changes in the teaching and learning routine, leading them to stress and anxiety moments. This work proposes an architecture to assist academics in detecting these stressful moments during daily activities. The proposal uses smart bands, machine learning algorithms, and a smartphone app for environment monitoring. The evaluation was conducted by collecting real data from heart rate spikes and enriching it using the location information to send recommendations. The results show that it is possible to identify stressful moments by respecting the academics environment by monitoring their routine.

In scientific collaboration, data sharing, the exchange of ideas and results are essential to knowledge construction and the development of science. Hence, we must guarantee interoperability, privacy, traceability (reinforcing transparency), and trust. Provenance has been widely recognized for providing a history of the steps taken in scientific experiments. Consequently, we must support traceability, assisting in scientific results' reproducibility. One of the technologies that can enhance trust in collaborative scientific experimentation is blockchain. This work proposes an architecture, named BlockFlow, based on blockchain, provenance, and cloud infrastructure to bring trust and traceability in the execution of collaborative scientific experiments. The proposed architecture is implemented on Hyperledger, and a scenario about the genomic sequencing of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is used to evaluate the architecture, discussing the benefits of providing traceability and trust in collaborative scientific experimentation. Furthermore, the architecture addresses the heterogeneity of shared data, facilitating interpretation by geographically distributed researchers and analysis of such data. Through a blockchain-based architecture that provides support on provenance and blockchain, we can enhance data sharing, traceability, and trust in collaborative scientific experiments.

Applications capable of integrating data from historical and streaming sources can make the most contextualized and enriched decision-making. However, the complexity of data integration over heterogeneous data sources can be a hard task for querying in this context. Approaches that facilitate data integration, abstracting details and formats of the primary sources can meet these needs. This work presents a framework that allows the integration of streaming and historical data in real-time, abstracting syntactic aspects of queries through the use of SQL as a standard language for querying heterogeneous sources. The framework was evaluated through an experiment using relational datasets and real data produced by sensors. The results point to the feasibility of the approach.

Com a popularização de sensores vestíveis cada vez mais disseminada, a observação de dados corporais se tornou ainda mais pertinente. Por meio do estudo dos dados fornecidos por tais sensores, juntamente com dados de localização, para enriquecer as análises, somos capazes de detectar situações de estresse. Para que tal tarefa seja exequível, é necessária uma arquitetura robusta que comporte o volume de dados a serem consumidos pelos sistemas que detectam tais situações. Dessa forma, este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de arquitetura Fog-Cloud que faz uso de dados corporais e de localização por meio de técnicas de Machine Learning para determinar momentos de estresse do usuário.

The complexity imposed by data heterogeneity makes it difficult to integrate 'streaming x streaming' and 'streaming x historical' data types. For practical analysis, the enrichment and contextualization process based on historical and streaming data would benefit from approaches that facilitate data integration, abstracting details and formats of the primary sources. This work presents a framework that allows the integration of streaming data and historical data in real-time, abstracting syntactic aspects of queries through the use of SQL as a standard language for querying heterogeneous sources. The framework was evaluated through an experiment using a relational database and real data produced by sensors. The results point to the feasibility of the approach.

José Américo de Almeida dedicou um espaço muito especial das suas memórias à sua professora de primeiras letras, ele dizia que por causa dela teria descoberto sua vocação para homem de letras. Ao passo em que, também ela dedicou a ele um espaço importante de sua imagem pública, seria reconhecida em sua velhice como a professora do ministro. O objetivo desse texto é discutir como a memória das aulas de primeiras letras foi agenciada por ambos ao longo das correspondências e de seus relatos autobiográficos. Isso significa observar os diferentes espaços sociais atribuídos aos intelectuais criadores, como os literatos, e às intelectuais mediadoras, no caso da professora de primeiras letras, conforme definem Angela de Castro Gomes e Patrícia Hansen (2016). Consideradas essas circunstâncias, foi possível observar um intercâmbio constante de memórias entre o político e a professora, o qual perdurou, em dezenas de cartas trocadas, por mais de duas décadas.

A população rural compreendia os sertões nordestinos como um mundo que de tão vasto seria difícil de dominar pelas leis públicas. Essa concepção fez daqueles lugares habitat dos bandidos, que serviam à manutenção de uma ordem política tradicional, alheia, portanto, às disposições das instituições modernas. De acordo com Eric Hobsbawm (2010), o banditismo se tornou endêmico quando da modernização, àquela circunstância já havia um corpo legal que definia o que não era aceito pelas normas públicas, mas não havia força estatal suficiente para combatê-lo. O objetivo desse artigo foi discorrer da decadência do banditismo, apontando para as mudanças e permanências que se deram naquelas sociedades. O banditismo ainda existiu por muito tempo, mas a liberdade dos cangaceiros deu lugar aos disfarces da quadrilha de ladrões de cavalos.

O presente trabalho é resultante do desenvolvimento do projeto de pesquisa intitulado: “Escolarização para a moral, o civismo e o nacionalismo: os grupos escolares e as escolas rurais, espaços para a difusão dos ideais estadonovistas na Paraíba (1937-1945)”. Tem como principal fonte as notícias sobre educação publicadas no Jornal A União. Analisamos o material coletado tomando como referência alguns pressupostos teóricos propugnados por Antonio Gramsci (1995; 2013) e por Eric Hobsbawm (1998). Tem como objetivo compreender as principais ações político-institucionais destinadas à organização do ensino primário na Paraíba. Articuladamente travamos uma discussão acerca das novas relações de poder estabelecidas durante o Estado Novo, a partir das interventorias de Argemiro de Figueiredo e de Ruy Carneiro, considerando a educação formal como parte significativa da organização do Estado e da vida daqueles que frequentaram a escola na cidade e no campo.

The present work was comparative ecological study of soil fauna In several pasture systems and a nearby area of primary forest. A total of 1304 soil samples, each of 12,56 cm2 area to a depth of 5 cm, were taken on 21 dates between January and December of 1977. Fauna were extracted with a modified Berlese — Tullgren method, using 1% formol as the liquid collector. Identifications were made to the level of major group (subclass or order, or family). Study sites were in the municipalities of Silves and Itacoatiara, Amazonas, Brazil, with the primary locality at Fazenda Aruana (3°08'S, 58°45'W). The soil was a heavy yellow latosol (oxisol) of pH 3,4 to 5,9. Environmental parameters measured included soil temperature, moisture, fertility organic matter content, vegetative cover of grasses and invading plants, and solar radiation. Climatic factors recorded were mean air temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation. Comparisons were made between intensive and extensive Setaria pasture systems extensive systems with other grasses and of several ages, and primary forest. Mites and Collembolans were the dominant soil fauna in all environments. Up to 22 groups (subclasses or orders) of Arthropods were found in the pasture and 26 in the forest. In the pasture mite densities varied between 32.000 and 73.000 per square metter and Collembolan densities between 4.000 and 35.000 per square meter. In the forest densities were 49.000 and 12.000 per square meter for mites and Collembolans respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the soil faunas of the two Setaria pasture systems, there were differences between different grass species and different ages of extensive systems. The primary forest differed from the Setaria pastures pricipally in the number of groups of Arthropods found. There was an apparent difference in vegetative cover of intensive and extensive Setaria systems, but it is suspected that this was an incorrect result attributable to problems of methodology. The forest soil had more stable temperatures, higher and more constant moisture content throughout the year, lower fertility, and higher organic matter content than the pasture soil. In the forest solar energy at 1,5 m above the soil was only 0.06 cal/cm2/min while in the pasture it was 1,59 cal/cm2/min. The arthropod populations were found aggregated and those of the mites and Collembolans were satisfactorily described by the negative binomial distribution. In general there was no correlation between physical and edaphic factors and the soil fauna. Collembolans showed a negative correlation with air temperature and precipitation, and a positive correlation with relative humidity in pasture. Acari showed a positive correlation with organic matter content of the forest soil. There was a positive correlation between numbers of mites and Collembolans at least in the intensive Setaria pasture systems (calculated by the Spearman coeficient of rank correlation). Soil respiration under Setaria sp. was 455,7 (day) and 448,1 mg CO2/m2/h (night) and under Solanaceae was 507,0 (day) and 483,6 mg CO2/m2/h night).

We present carbon (δ13Ccollagen = -10.1 ‰) and nitrogen (δ15N = 6.8 ‰) isotopic data for E. laurillardi from Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco (Brazil) and discuss the possibility of an omnivore diet for it. Our data, although ponctual, reinforce the hypothesis that E. laurillardi was a herbivore species.