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Secure distributed storage, a new cloud management, is designed to give cloud clients with out-of-control data flexible access to information while maintaining the confidentiality of redistributed data. Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) is regarded as one of the most promising methods for confirming the administration's security. Nevertheless, the inherent "win or bust" decoding feature of CP-ABE may result in an unavoidable security breach known as the abuse of access certification (such as unscrambling rights). In this paper, we research the two major cases of access capability misuse: One is in favor of cloud client, while the other is on the semi-trusted specialist side. To direct the maltreatment, we propose the vitally mindful master and revocable CP-ABE based circulated capacity system with white-box obviousness and auditing, insinuated as CryptCloud+. We also talk about the security investigation and use of our framework in real-world situations

Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMCs)refer the class of light weight and it have been utilized in high-tech structural and functional applications including aerospace, defence, auto move, and thermal management area, as well as in sports and recreation on, Aluminium based metal matrix composites (MMCs) with add ion of SIC and Red Mud reinforcement was fabricated by using casting. Red mud emerges as the major waste material during production of alumina from bauxite by the Bayer's process. So composites using Red mud can be used to reduce the cost of the metal matrix and environmental related issues. The samples were produced by using the aluminium, silicon carbide and red mud. Two types of die 20mm used for compaction to obtain the specimen. The diameter of 20mm rod is used for the tensile, hardness and wear test. This present study evaluates the mechanical proper es of the composite and results were obtained.

Along with water and air, grub is a basic requirement for all living things. The grub issue occurs in the majority of developing countries, primarily as a result of unpreserved food. As a result, the solar drying system makes use of the solar energy is used to heat the air and dry any agricultural produce that is loaded, thereby lowering the cost. Agriculture reduces food waste while also preserving it. And dried produce (Ginger) is easily transported. And promotes the health and well-being of all living things. There are a lot of agricultural lands in India. Because of various factors Due to climate change, many agricultural products are thrown away. To reduce such waste, solar dryers are used to dry agricultural produce. Wood, glass, net, pipes, anemometer, blower, and basic carpentry work are used to build the solar dryer and drying chamber. The fabrication of dryer and drying chamber is construct with basic carpentry work. The blower forced the air inside the heater area the air will be heated with the solar radiation and the heat air forced with the drying chamber. The drying chamber has a surface area of (40*40) cm. The ginger (1/2 kg) drying three specific periods of time, and the reading will notice with specific time. After the moisture content will removed to compare the produces life with open sun drying and solar drying method

When we use a capturing device to capture digital displays, we obtain a vivid rainbow pattern. It's known as "moiré" and it has an impact on image quality and subsequent processing. There are several ways to save money. Modern approaches for eliminating moiré patterns rely on down sampling pooling layers to retrieve multiscale information, which might result in data loss. To show this issue, this research provides a wavelet-based demoiréing approach. Both Inverse Discrete Wavelet Transform (IDWT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) are used in this. This technology may efficiently enhance the network related field without any data loss in place of standard down sampling and up sampling. Furthermore, this approach employs an effective attention fusion module to reconstruct additional details of moiré patterns (EAFM). Using an aggregate of green channel attention (ECA), spatial attention (SA), and neighborhood residual getting to know, this module can self-adaptively study several weights of function statistics at distinct degrees and encourage the community to cognizance extra on required statistics as moiré statistics to beautify the getting to know and demoiréing paintings performed via way of means of enhancing photograph excellent and offering the specified Accurate output. Extensive trials the usage of publicly to be had datasets have established that this approach can perpetually cast off moiré styles even as additionally being quantitatively and qualitatively sound.

Getting a house of our wishes within our budget in a residential area of our customization is quite a tedious process. In order to overcome this, we have developed a model to get a houses of our interest with religious belief and budget this Implemented model is of linear regression and k nearest neighbor’s algorithm with gradient descent optimization to make an optimal model for predicting house prices using the dataset. Performed feature engineering and selection using lasso and ridge penalties to eliminate features which had little or no impact on the residual sum of squares error. Then exposes Jupyter notebook cells as REST Endpoints to make prediction with new information. Finally, we are trying to send email alert to the concern user to give alert of the house price

The low temperature solution growth method was adopted for growing semi organic single crystal zinc boro glutrate (ZBG). The surface morphology was investigated by SEM analysis. Analysis of microhardness has been done, measurement of the Vickers hardness number Hv. Dielectric studies show a decrease in dielectric loss and dielectric constant with an increase in frequency and a constant value in the higher frequencies, suggesting that the crystal is also of good optical quality in nature.

The purpose of this paper is to describe the survey of the inspection systems and the manufactured component through machine vision system. With this project, mainly the dimension correctness of the manufactured component is tested. The very main goal is to improve the quality of the product. Among the various components of the automatic inspection machine are conveyors, test tables, inspection cameras, reject bins, image processing units, and a monitoring system. Initially, the specimen to be inspected is conveyed by means of conveyors. The inspection camera detects the specimen and takes an image of it for further processing. The image is then processed by the image processing system in terms of pixels. Through the image processing system, the generated image of the specimen is compared with the standard specimen, and the inspection result is projected on the monitor system. The rejected specimen is automatically directed to the rejection bin through nozzle systems. The process is repeated for each specimen. The setup of the machine is bridgetype, so it is possible to inspect more than one piece at a time.

Nanostructure-based resistive switching memory devices are being developed for low power, multilevel storage capability, extended retention capacity, and scalable devices. The zinc tungstate (ZnWO[Formula: see text] nanoparticle was prepared via the facile hydrothermal method. The X-ray diffraction technique confirmed ZnWO4 monoclinic phase and crystallite nature. The scanning electron microscope was used to identify the rod-like ZnWO4 nanostructure, and further, the lattice orientation was investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the binding states with composition of ZnWO4. Resistive switching memory based on ZnWO4 was produced and resulted in low-operating voltage.

The inevitability to machine hard materials and intricate shapes that are hard to be worked by traditional methods have stressed the need for non-traditional manufacturing processes specifically Wire Electro Discharge Machining (WEDM). WEDM encompasses intricate processes that include heating as well as cooling. The working parameters include pulse on time, pulse off time, table feed rate, flushing pressure, wire tension, wire velocity etc. has to be preferred suitably so that an optimized result can be attained. A single constraint has been chosen for the purpose of optimization to maximize the Metal Removal Rate (MRR). In this work a gear was machined out of EN31 material using the WEDM process and the process parameters such as pulse on time, peak current, wire feed rate and machining speed have been optimized using Simulated Annealing Algorithm and also using MATLAB based optimization. Simulated Annealing (SA) based optimization has been established to optimize the parameters in order to improve MRR. The objective function for metal removal rate is obtained based on the mathematical model.

In the present study, the effects of Zn2+ doping on the microstructural, morphological and photodiode response of the V2O5 nanorods have been studied. Pure and Zn2+ doped V2O5 nanorods were prepared by a simple and cost effective wet chemical solution process. The XRD studies confirmed that the pure and Zn2+ doped samples exhibit crystalline nature with mixed phases for Zn doping. From the morphology analysis, it is observed that substitution of Zn2+ into the V2O5 matrix is found to gradually transform the morphology from hexagonal face rods to short rods mixed with the plate like structures. The luminescence features of nanostructures are analyzed using photoluminescence studies. Moreover, the V2O5/p-Si and ZnV2O5/p-Si photodiodes parameters were studied under dark and light environments.

Bardeen proposed a gravitationally collapsing magnetic monopole black hole solution which is free of singularity. In this article, we have studied the size and shape of the rotating Bardeen blackhole shadow in presence of perfect fluid dark matter. we have discussed how the parameters such a spin, magnetic monopole charge and influence of dark matter affects the shadow of our blackhole. The apparent shape of the blackhole was studied by using two observables, the radius Rs and the distortion parameter R_s. Further the blackhole emission rate is also studied, we found out that for rotating Bardeen in PFDM ,For a constant monopole charge, the emission rate increases with increase in dark matter parameter, the emission rate decreases with increase in magnetic charge and spin.

Depletion of worldwide petroleum reserves, stringent emission norms and continuous rising of fuel prices lead to research on substitute fuels on diesel engine. Using different alternative fuels like biodiesel, biogas, and more are tested in the diesel engine with normal and advanced combustion techniques. By using the transesterification process the Calophyllum inophyllum raw oil is transformed into useful Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel. The converted biodiesel is tested to know the physiochemical properties. The experimental work was carried on a single cylinder diesel engine. The secondary Calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester is injected along filter (suction) air with different ratios (10, 20 and 30% by vol. basis) using electronic injector. The primary diesel fuel is directly injected into the cylinder at the end of compression stroke. The brake thermal efficiency is escalated by 2.01%, oxides of nitrogen are reduced by 28%, brake specific fuel consumption, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons are enhanced in the B20% fuel compared to diesel fuel.

Concrete is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with fluid cement that hardens over time. Now days mostly the construction researchers have been trying to improve the quality and reduced dead weight of the structure and enhance its performance. In this current situation there is a demand in natural sand so engineers are using manufactured sand. The aim of our project is to reduce the dead weight of the structure as well increase the strength of the concrete.So we developed light weight aggregate and sand by using waste plastic and glass materials. We developed a concrete by using crushed glass bottles and melted plastic which is considered as light weight concrete. Glass is an ideal material for recycling use of recycled glass helps in energy saving. This indicate that glass can be effectively used as a fine aggregate replacement without substantial change in strength and also we used aluminum metal powder for reducing the member weight by introduced air in concrete. For the innovative and aesthetic purpose we made the concrete to glow using plastic optical fiber which acts as a transmitting agent which also called as translucent concrete in which the optical fiber is inserted in parallel way. We used epoxy to harden the optical fiber (0.75mm) and M20 grade concrete.

The present investigation is aimed to find the influence of fumigated calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel vapors on the combustion, performance, and emissions of a single cylinder, four strokes, water...

Objective: Nowadays, the refrigeration system is commonly used in most places viz. bakery shops, hotels and other food processing industries, where food items are refrigerated to preserve and, subsequently heated before consumption. In order to eliminate the dual energy consumption devices separately our idea is to do heating and cooling with the single refrigeration unit. Methods/Findings: The idea is to improve the recovery of the waste heat generated in the refrigeration unit. The heat is generally dumped to the atmosphere through the condenser. This heat is utilized to maintain the chamber situated at the topmost of the refrigerator unit as hot chamber. Application: The waste heat that recovered will be an energy saving smart approach and also implies reduction in the green-house gas emission to the environment. Keywords: Capillary Tube, Compressed Refrigerant, Condenser Coil, Evaporator Coil, Heating Coil, Preservation

Many investigations have been carried on the utilization of ethanol and methanol fuels in diesel engine to study the performance and regulated emission characteristics. However, very few investigations are made with discussion on the unregulated emissions. So the present work is focussed on the investigation of performance and emissions (both regulated and unregulated) from premixed n-butanol vapours in a single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection diesel engine and the results are presented in this paper. In this work n-butanol was used as a fuel owing to its longer-chain structure compared to methanol or ethanol, resulting in a lower specific heat of vaporization and greater enthalpy of combustion, while lowering water susceptibility and greater possibility than ethanol or methanol fuel. Subsequently, n-butanol has properties considerably closer to diesel fuel than ethanol, rendering it best to mix or fumigated with normal diesel fuel. In this work, n-butanol is fumigated along with the air in three different volume percentages such as 10, 20 and 30. About 14.76% higher brake thermal efficiency was noticed when 20% n-butanol was fumigated compared with the neat diesel operation. The oxides of nitrogen, acetaldehyde and acrolene emissions are reduced by 11.4%, 20.08% and 40.81% respectively. However, the HC, CO, formaldehyde and acetone emissions are increased with increased percentages of n-butanol.

Herbal drugs were in use from ancient times by nearly all civilizations around the world. Premna herbacea belonging to the genus Premna and family Verbenaceae was one among them. The present chapter aimed to characterize morphological and microscopical characters of the plant were studied. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of ethanol, chloroform, petroleum ether, and aqueous extracts of these plants was done. The results showed a strong presence of triterpenoids and alkaloids with trace amounts of carbohydrates and flavonoids. The physiochemical parameters of the plant were within the limits. Root powder was treated with different reagents and observed for fluorescence under visible light and UV light of short and long wavelength. They exhibited fluorescence.TLC and HPTLC of various extracts of the plant also yielded satisfactory results. Further evaluation needs to be carried out on Premna herbacea to investigate the obscured areas and their practical clinical applications, which can be used for the welfare of mankind.

The technologies and popularity has been increased for wearable day-to-day life. In everyday life, wearable technologies are expected to become an indispensable thing. The aim is to study up to twofold, Based on the specifications and applications, wearable technologies are classified as; wearable health technologies, wearable consumer electronics. The other aim of wearable technologies will be a big thing for both people’s daily life and doing business in companies in the future. Wearable technologies will be more entertaining, easier, healthier, safer, quicker in the developing future. The advantage of this home automation will be sensing, easily configuring, securable, which provides the user with a neat solution.

In the era of mechanical digitalization, organizations are progressively putting resources into apparatuses and arrangements that permit their procedures, machines, workers, and even the products themselves to be incorporated into a solitary coordinated system for information assortment, information examination, the assessment of organization advancement, and execution improvement. This chapter presents a reference guide and review for propelling an Industry 4.0 venture from plan to execution, according to base on the economic and scientific policy of European parliament, applying increasingly effective creation forms, and accomplishing better profitability and economies of scale may likewise bring about expanded financial manageability. This chapter present the contextual analysis of a few Industry 4.0 applications. Authors give suggestions coordinating the progression of Industry 4.0. This section briefly portrays the advancement of IIoT 4.0. The change of ubiquitous computing through the internet of things has numerous difficulties related with it.

“Right the First Time” principle is to reduce the number of gear hobbing process rejection rate, reason of rework, scrap and change orders so customers are dissatisfied. The main objective of this project is to produce the first time right robust product, without setting piece rejection, also increasing the consistent product quality and productivity. While the machine setting changes, the first piece gets scrap due to improper tool selection and improper process parameters in Pfauter PE1000 machine for hobbing and skiving operation. In every setting change in Pfauter PE1000 machine for part number of 1000904, the first piece gets scrapped. To reduce the setting piece rejection rate, we found a proper root causes that are (1) part nominal height, (2) fixture locating height and (3) hob diameter. The permanent corrective action to prevent that setting rejection in Pfauter for part number of 1000904 is to measure the part with TRIMOS, dial gauge, coordinate measuring machine and micrometer that reduces the rejection rate from 14 to 1. Initial inspection, hob diameter and hob nomenclature are also reassigned to prevent the setting piece rejection. By advanced product quality planning, the Six Sigma value is increased from 3.9 to 4.9 and the rejection rate is decreased from 7458 to 441 PPM.

In today's world, a huge range of devices are interconnected with wireless technologies from the dawn of the state-of-the-art technology of the Internet of Things (IoT). The smart grid is part of the IoT framework and can be used to remotely monitor and manage nearly everything: lighting, traffic signals, road warnings, etc. Problems can be solved using present technology and some human intelligence that in turn reflects the concept of the smart grid, which is used to reduce power loss and certain threats and may result in saving one's life. This chapter shall present the assorted approaches for smart electric grids with sensors and cloud IoT that give precise or collective information on the line of fault, which in turn reduces losses and increases the adequacy of the system.

Critically ill children with infection require the timely institution of the appropriate antimicrobial medications based on the most likely pathogens. Sepsis is a relatively common and potentially life-threatening bloodstream infection. Recognizing its early clinical manifestations, understanding its epidemiology, and instituting the appropriate antimicrobials in a timely manner hold the potential to improve outcomes. Toxic shock syndrome, endocarditis, and Lemierre syndrome represent other infections that may compromise hemodynamics and result in critical illness. Children with necrotizing fasciitis often present critically ill and require emergent surgical debridement. Central nervous infections including bacterial meningitis, encephalitis, and ventricular shunt infections are also commonly encountered in the pediatric intensive care unit and may be associated with a significant risk of death and substantial morbidity. Pneumonia and other pulmonary infections may be caused by a variety of pathogens. Empyema is an established complication of infectious pneumonia that often requires urgent evaluation and drainage in children with worsening respiratory and/or cardiovascular status. Although the specific pathogen and the site of infection (e.g., bloodstream, brain, lungs) clearly influence the severity of illness, the ability of the host to respond to an infection is also important. For example, immunocompromised children including those with malignancy and recipients of organ and hematopoietic cell transplants are not only at increased risk for infection but also for worse outcomes. Finally, there are a few relatively less common and travel-related infections such as rickettsial disease, viral hemorrhagic fevers, malaria, and tuberculosis that are relevant to the practice of pediatric critical care medicine.

The fast development in the field of mobile data processing is driving another option route in which cell phones frame a self-creating, self-overseeing, and self-sorting out remote frameworks called Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). One of the main issues in MANET routing protocols is the development of energy efficient protocols because of limited battery life and bandwidth of the nodes. The versatile center points in MANETs have differing transmission power and power heterogeneity. This paper separates the execution appraisal of three Energy Efficient Routing Protocols are Efficient Power Aware Routing Convention (EPAR), Minimum total Transmission Power Routing (MTPR) and DSR (Dynamic Source Routing). The Energy Efficient Routing Protocols mainly considers the center point restricts by its leftover battery control and the typical imperativeness spent for sending information dependable. EPAR utilizes min-max definition technique for the choice of maximum packet delivery ratio at the smallest Residual Battery Power. With different network scenarios, EPAR is comparatively good than other methods.

Internet of things (IoT) remains one of the most electrifying and fast burgeoning fields. It permits most of the things like any objects are controlled with very less manpower and we can control things anywhere and anytime by using network. In this paper that going to be constructing that the “Detection of Blockage in Manhole Using IoT”. Detecting a struck in the manhole pipe, due to blockage of sludge in a pipe. Here by using detecting the length of the pipe using ultrasonic sensor till where the sludge struck with the help of capturing image of sludge to aware of, due to gloominess inside a manhole by provide a luminescence, which helps to capture picture of particular sludge. And with the help of developing an application to control the device, by using that application data access can be done (captured picture) using a cloud. In traditional method, sewers have to do cleaning in all the cities (areas). In gutters, workers stand in the waste, which reaches chest level and with the help of long wooden sticks and broomsticks they clear blockage. In some areas workers crawl into a sewage, without wearing any protective gear. And those workers are treated very badly by the society. Thus, sewers need to work a lot to clear blockage. But now by using this technique it will be very much easier to reduce a man power and also incremental steps can be added further.

The main purpose of this project is to design and fabricate a Convertor Ladle and a Chamber for the treatment of SG Iron that can eliminate the major disadvantages found in the Ladle that is currently being used. To reduce the human effort and difficulties identified during its operations. The Spillage of metal during pouring it into the shank is to be reduced to eliminate the molten metal wastage. The main objective is to reduce the evolution of large amount of gases into the open environment, that causes discomfort and health issues. The Convertor Ladle simplifies the complex mechanisms being used in the Ladle for the opening and closing of the Ladles. The Gear arrangements were altered so that it is now easier for the operators to tilt the Ladle. The design enhances the safety of the workers operating the Ladle. Material handling has very old and vast history. In evaluation and implementation of material handling system, multiple factors should be considered, including the plant facilities, the machinery, the material handling equipment and of course people involved. In this paper the overall revive of principles of material handling systems and various material handling systems used in foundry is taken. Prof. N. Nandhini | S. Gokulakrishnan | M. Gowtham | R. Bhuvaneshwaran "Design and Fabrication of a Convertor Ladle and Treatment Chamber" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd10867.pdf

Rapid growth on the usage of petroleum products, increased pollution from automobiles and increasing cost of fossil fuels lead to research on alternative fuels. Several alternative fuels like biodiesel, bio oil, biogas, and Fisher Trospch diesel have been explored and tested in diesel engines. In this investigation biodiesel obtained from coconut oil and Pongamia oil are mixed together and the physical properties were studied. The mixed biodiesel obtained is blended with diesel in different proportions and tested in a single cylinder four stroke water cooled diesel engine for its performance and emission characteristics. The results obtained are compared with diesel engine operation and presented in this paper. The performance parameters of pongamia oil and coconut oil are very close to the diesel.

Even in the era of effective antiviral therapy, neonatal herpes simplex viral infection causes significant morbidity and mortality in newborns. Prompt diagnosis is the cornerstone of treatment of these infants. Outside and inside the neonatal clinical practice, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is replacing culture as a method of facilitating a speedy diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infection. New pediatric guidelines call for testing of high-risk asymptomatic infants, and thus, many more surface cultures and PCRs are being performed. This review aims to comprehensively describe the perinatal transmission of herpes simplex virus infection and the clinical presentation of neonatal herpes simplex disease, as well as to discuss whether PCR remains superior to culture methods.

Objectives: Recycling the exhaust gas reduces the amount of oxygen after the combustion stroke, resulting in less nitrogen oxide in the exhaust. But the dilution effect of exhaust gas recirculation cannot be neglected as soot emissions increase to undesirable degree. The objective is to tap the heat from the exhaust gas thereby cooling the exhaust which would not only reduce nitrogen oxide content but at the same time pre-heat the intake charge which increases the efficiency of the engine. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Tapping of exhaust heat using a suitable heat exchanger is done by making the exhaust gas pass through one inlet of the helical coiled heat exchanger and atmospheric air in the other such that the air flow is perpendicular to the exhaust flow as the heat exchange rate is better. The temperature gained by the atmospheric air should be regulated and controlled as it can have adverse effects if the atmospheric air exceeds the pre- ignition temperature of the fuel. For this purpose, the exact temperature is to be gained by the atmospheric air required for proper combustion of air fuel mixture is checked with help of C++ program.Design considerations vital for the heat exchanger like effectiveness, area of spiral coil, overall heat transfer coefficient, are also checked with the help of C++ program. Findings: To ensure proper calculations of amount of heat exchanged between exhaust air and fresh inlet air, the properties of metals used for heat exchanger like its thermal conductivity, melting pointetc and dimensional specifications are incorporated in the program. Spirally wound tapered helical coil is compared with helical coil which results in 56% increase in overall heat transfer. Application/Improvements: It is found that there is an increase in the efficiency of the engine by 2.5% and its thermal efficiency by 0.2%. Since the heat exchanger is designed for two - wheelers, theresults of the finding were applied to two different models of two- wheeler i.e. Splender plus and Pulsar and efficiency compared for better understanding.

In the modern era, every supermarket makes use of shopping trolleys in order to help customers carry products which they wanted to purchase. The customers have to take the products which they wish to purchase and should drop them into the shopping trolley and then they have to reach the billing section. The billing process is quite hectic and it consumes more time and consequently it has created the need for shops to employ more human resources in the billing section, but still this problem is not resolved and some customers even face the problem of pushing the trolley forward when it is loaded with huge quantity. “Smart Shopping Trolley” is going to be a better solution to it where the trolley is made to follow the customer automatically using a “Kinect Sensor”. Then, an automatic billing system is also incorporated where the items will be scanned by a Radio Frequency Identification reader and the amount will be summed accordingly so that the final amount is paid without standing in a large queue.

The exponential rises in wireless communication technologies and allied application demands have revitalized academia-industries to achieve more efficient Quality of Service (QoS) centric communication solutions. To achieve it, in the last few years Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology has emerged as a potential solution. However, ensuring QoS provision and reliable communication across the network has always been a challenge for research community. Being a highly interfaced and complex paradigm IoT requires assuring secure communication across the network to achieve QoS and reliable data transmission. Assuring end-to-end security in IoT has revitalized academia-industries to develop more effective solution by developing advanced cryptosystem methods; however maintaining lightweight computation, seamless communication and QoS delivery simultaneously has been a driving force behind numerous ongoing researches. With this motive, in this paper emphasis is made on studying and assessing different security challenges in IoT ecosystem, solutions proposed so far and scopes for further optimization so as to develop a more effective IoT security system. The survey paper revealed that though numerous efforts have been made to augment IoT communication security, majority of the classical approaches either undergoes high computational overheads or impacts QoS delivery with real-time network solution. Additionally, it reveals that most of the existing systems focus on using single cryptosystem for communication security; however it fails alleviating different attack scenarios with different breaching actions. Majority of the existing approaches are found confined to address the security-vulnerabilities such asSmart Card Loss Attack (SCLA), offline password guessing using Brute Force attack, sensor node spoofing, privileged-insider and Session specific temporary information attack (SSTIA), etc. It suggests designing a robust security model with lightweight cryptosystem armored with multilevel security and authentication system.

Facial detection and recognition system is basically used for authentication purpose. Every human face is unique, complicated multidimensional visual model and hence it is difficult in fabricating it. The face recognition is capable of performing task like identification and verification of a person. The face detection process is concerned with finding whether there is any faces in the images and if present then the image is recognized, compared and contents are stored in the database. This technique is used to find whether the individuals are available or not in the respective government organizations. The proposed system uses the HAAR face library cascade algorithm for face detection, recognition, comparison purposes.

To classify and recognize the sounds which are produced by the birds which are used for the identification of species of the bird. The identification of bird species in captured audio files will be a transformational method for scholars, wildlife biologists and birders. In latest years, artificial neural networks have dramatically increased the detection efficiency of bird species recognition using machine learning systems. There is a lot of study in audio recognition using machine learning. This work may help for the easy identification of birds living in a locality and studying of birds’ migration.