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11 results on '"MESH: Reading"'

1. Simultaneous MEG and intracranial EEG recordings during attentive reading

Author

Denis Schwartz, Jacques Martinerie, Antoine Ducorps, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Sylvain Baillet, Sarang S. Dalal, Line Garnero, Karim Jerbi, Claude Adam, Olivier F. Bertrand, Dynamique Cérébrale et Cognition, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neurosciences cognitives et imagerie cérébrale (NCIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Perception et de l'Action (LPPA), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondation Fyssen, Bourse Chateaubriand du Gouvernement de France, Bourse Marie Curie PIIF-GA-2008-221097, European Project, Laboratoire de neurosciences cognitives et d'imagerie cérébrale (LENA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Equipe NEMESIS - Centre de Recherches de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (NEMESIS-CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'imagerie neurofonctionnelle (IIN), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications (ENST)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications (ENST)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Dalal, Sarang, and OSCILLATORY DYNAMICS - INCOMING

Subjects
Male, MESH: Magnetoencephalography, MESH: Evoked Potentials, Visual, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Speech recognition, Audiology, Intracranial Electroencephalography, Gamma band, 0302 clinical medicine, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Subdural electrodes, Attention, Epilepsy surgery, Electrocorticography, medicine.diagnostic_test, 05 social sciences, Brain, Magnetoencephalography, Electroencephalography, Neurology, MESH: Epilepsy, Psychology, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Source localization, medicine.medical_specialty, [INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, MESH: Biological Clocks, Cognitive Neuroscience, MESH: Reading, 050105 experimental psychology, MESH: Brain, 03 medical and health sciences, Intracranial electroencephalography, Biological Clocks, MESH: Electroencephalography, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Artifact (error), Epilepsy, MESH: Attention, MESH: Humans, Beamformer, Intracranial eeg, MESH: Male, Electrophysiology, Reading, Evoked Potentials, Visual, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; The relationship between neural oscillations recorded at various spatial scales remains poorly understood partly due to an overall dearth of studies utilizing simultaneous measurements. In an effort to study quantitative markers of attention during reading, we performed simultaneous magnetoencephalography (MEG) and intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings in four epileptic patients. Patients were asked to attend to a specific color when presented with an intermixed series of red words and green words, with words of a given color forming a cohesive story. We analyzed alpha, beta, and gamma band oscillatory responses to the word presentation and compared the strength and spatial organization of those responses in both electrophysiological recordings. Time-frequency analysis of iEEG revealed a network of clear attention-modulated high gamma band (50-150 Hz) power increases and alpha/beta (9-25 Hz) suppressions in response to the words. In addition to analyses at the sensor level, MEG time-frequency analysis was performed at the source level using a sliding window beamformer technique. Strong alpha/beta suppressions were observed in MEG reconstructions, in tandem with iEEG effects. While the MEG counterpart of high gamma band enhancement was difficult to interpret at the sensor level in two patients, MEG time-frequency source reconstruction revealed additional activation patterns in accordance with iEEG results. Importantly, iEEG allowed us to confirm that several sources of gamma band modulation observed with MEG were indeed of cortical origin rather than EMG muscular or ocular artifact.

Published
2009
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2. Relationship between task-related gamma oscillations and BOLD signal: New insights from combined fMRI and intracranial EEG

Author

Philippe Kahane, Pierre Fonlupt, Dominique Hoffmann, Monica Baciu, Olivier F. Bertrand, Lorella Minotti, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Deransart, Colin, Dynamique Cérébrale et Cognition, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de neurologie, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Neurosciences précliniques, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collaboration, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
Male, MESH: Cognition, Electroencephalography, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Cluster Analysis, Research Articles, Language, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, medicine.diagnostic_test, 05 social sciences, Brain, Human brain, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Electrodes, Implanted, MESH: Photic Stimulation, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, MESH: Language, MESH: Epilepsy, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Visual Perception, Female, Anatomy, Psychology, MESH: Oxygen, Adult, Elementary cognitive task, Adolescent, MESH: Psychomotor Performance, MESH: Reading, Cognitive neuroscience, EEG-fMRI, 050105 experimental psychology, Stereoelectroencephalography, MESH: Brain, 03 medical and health sciences, Neuroimaging, MESH: Electroencephalography, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, medicine, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Epilepsy, MESH: Visual Perception, MESH: Adult, MESH: Cluster Analysis, MESH: Male, Oxygen, Reading, MESH: Electrodes, Implanted, Neurology (clinical), MESH: Data Interpretation, Statistical, MESH: Female, Neuroscience, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Cognitive neuroscience relies on two sets of techniques to map the neural networks underlying cognition in humans: recordings of either regional metabolic changes (fMRI or PET) or fluctuations in the neural electromagnetic fields (EEG and MEG). Despite major advances in the last few years, an explicit linkage between the two is still missing and the neuroimaging community faces two complementary but unrelated sets of functional descriptions of the human brain. Such an explicit framework, linking the two approaches in potentially complex cognitive tasks and in a variety of brain regions would permit to combine them into fine spatio‐temporally‐grained human brain mapping procedures. We combined fMRI and intra‐cranial EEG recordings of the same epileptic patients during a semantic decision task and found a close spatial correspondence between regions of fMRI activations and recording sites showing EEG energy modulations in the gamma range (>40 Hz). Our findings further support previous findings that gamma band modulations co‐localize with BOLD variations and also indicate that fMRI may be used as a constraint to improve source reconstruction of gamma band EEG responses. Hum Brain Mapp, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Published
2007
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3. The role of sensorimotor impairments in dyslexia: a multiple case study of dyslexic children

Author

Stuart Rosen, Peter C. Hansen, Franck Ramus, Elizabeth Milne, Sarah White, Uta Frith, John Swettenham, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire de sciences cognitives et psycholinguistique (LSCP), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Visual perception, MESH: Hearing Disorders, Dyslexia, 0302 clinical medicine, Reference Values, MESH: Child, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Child, Hearing Disorders, Motor skill, Psychomotor learning, Learning Disabilities, Hearing Tests, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, MESH: Reference Values, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Phonology, MESH: Motor Activity, MESH: Vision Disorders, Visual Perception, Female, medicine.symptom, MESH: Hearing Tests, Psychology, MESH: Thumb, Cognitive psychology, MESH: Dyslexia, Auditory perception, Reading disability, Cognitive Neuroscience, Vision Disorders, MESH: Stress, Phonological deficit, MESH: Reading, Motor Activity, behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, Fingers, 03 medical and health sciences, Stress, Physiological, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, MESH: Humans, MESH: Visual Perception, MESH: Learning Disorders, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: Fingers, Reading, Thumb, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; This study attempts to investigate the role of sensorimotor impairments in the reading disability that characterizes dyslexia. Twenty-three children with dyslexia were compared to 22 control children, matched for age and non-verbal intelligence, on tasks assessing literacy as well as phonological, visual, auditory and motor abilities. The dyslexic group as a whole were significantly impaired on phonological, but not sensorimotor, tasks. Analysis of individual data suggests that the most common impairments were on phonological and visual stress tasks and the vast majority of dyslexics had one of these two impairments. Furthermore, phonological skill was able to account for variation in literacy skill, to the exclusion of all sensorimotor factors, while neither auditory nor motor skill predicted any variance in phonological skill. Visual stress seems to account for a small proportion of dyslexics, independently of the commonly reported phonological deficit. However, there is little evidence for a causal role of auditory, motor or other visual impairments.

Published
2006
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4. Computational evidence that frequency trajectory theory does not oppose but emerges from age-of-acquisition theory

Author

Martial Mermillod, Alain Méot, Michel Paindavoine, Ludovic Ferrand, Patrick Bonin, Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] (LEAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition ( LPNC ), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 ( UPMF ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive ( LAPSCO ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] ( LEAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
Time Factors, Computer science, Task (project management), Learning effect, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Models, Psychological, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH : Models, Psychological, Cognitive science, Psycholinguistics, MESH : Neural Networks (Computer), 05 social sciences, Age Factors, Contrast (statistics), MESH : Artificial Intelligence, Language acquisition, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH : Psycholinguistics, Cognitive psychology, MESH : Time Factors, Order of acquisition, Cognitive Neuroscience, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, MESH: Reading, Models, Psychological, Language Development, 050105 experimental psychology, MESH: Psycholinguistics, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Neural Networks (Computer), Connectionism, Artificial Intelligence, MESH: Language Development, MESH: Artificial Intelligence, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, MESH: Age Factors, MESH : Language Development, MESH: Humans, MESH: Time Factors, MESH : Humans, MESH : Reading, Word lists by frequency, Age of Acquisition, Reading, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH : Age Factors, Neural Networks, Computer, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; According to the age-of-acquisition hypothesis, words acquired early in life are processed faster and more accurately than words acquired later. Connectionist models have begun to explore the influence of the age/order of acquisition of items (and also their frequency of encounter). This study attempts to reconcile two different methodological and theoretical approaches (proposed by Lambon Ralph & Ehsan, 2006 and Zevin & Seidenberg, 2002) to age-limited learning effects. The current simulations extend the findings reported by Zevin and Seidenberg (2002) that have shown that frequency trajectories (FTs) have limited and specific effects on word-reading tasks. Using the methodological framework proposed by Lambon Ralph and Ehsan (2006), which makes it possible to compare word-reading and picture-naming tasks in connectionist networks, we were able to show that FT has a considerable influence on age-limited learning effects in a picture naming task. The findings show that when the input-output mappings are arbitrary (simulating picture naming tasks), the links formed by the network become entrenched as a result of early experience and that subsequent variations in frequency of exposure of the items have only a minor impact. In contrast, when the mappings between input-output are quasi-systematic or systematic (simulating word-reading tasks), the training of new items was generalized and resulted in the suppression of age-limited learning effects. At a theoretical level, we suggest that FT, which simultaneously takes account of time and the level of exposure across time, represents a more precise and modulated measure compared with the order of introduction of the items and may lead to innovative hypotheses in the field of age-limited learning effects.

Published
2012
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5. Age differences in outdated information processing during news reports reading

Author

Florence Besse, Pascale Maury, Sophie Martin, Institute of Developmental Biology and Cancer (IBDC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'ingénierie pour les systèmes complexes (UR LISC), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF)

Subjects
Male, Aging, Inference, MESH: Mental Recall, MESH: Comprehension, MESH: Semantics, Developmental psychology, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Mental Processes, Reading (process), Task Performance and Analysis, Attention, Young adult, MESH: Cohort Studies, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, General Psychology, MESH: Mental Processes, media_common, MESH: Aged, 05 social sciences, MESH: Research Design, Information processing, Age Factors, Cognition, Causality, Semantics, MESH: Young Adult, Research Design, Female, Psychology, Comprehension, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH: Reading, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Aged, MESH: Age Factors, MESH: Attention, MESH: Humans, Age differences, MESH: Task Performance and Analysis, MESH: Male, MESH: Medical Informatics, Reading, Mental Recall, Geriatrics and Gerontology, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Medical Informatics
Abstract

International audience; In two experiments, the authors explored whether there are any age differences associated with the ability to process outdated information during news reports comprehension. Younger and older participants (mean age: 70 years old) read passages in which a cause was first said to be responsible for the occurrence of a news event. New elements emerged from the investigation in progress and revealed that the original cause was incorrect. Inference response times indicated that older adults more than younger ones took advantage of an alternative cause mentioned in the text to put the outdated information in the background, whereas younger readers probably kept both causes activated. The research tested the concepts involved with age differences in updating situation model.

Published
2010
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6. FMRI language mapping in children: a panel of language tasks using visual and auditory stimulation without reading or metalinguistic requirements

Author

Jean-Christophe Ferré, Pierre Jannin, Camille Maumet, Arnaud Biraben, Clément de Guibert, Elisabeth Le Rumeur, Catherine Allaire, Christian Barillot, Laboratoire d'anthropologie et de sociologie. UHB (LAS), MEN : EA2241-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Vision, Action et Gestion d'informations en Santé (VisAGeS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Télécom Bretagne-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre référent pour les troubles du langage et des apprentissages, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Service de radiologie et imagerie médicale [Rennes] = Radiology [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de neurologie [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Télécom Bretagne-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Grosset, Aline

Subjects
Male, Computer science, computer.software_genre, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, Reading (process), MESH: Child, Child, MESH: Brain Mapping, media_common, Language, Brain Mapping, 05 social sciences, Cognition, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Conjunction (grammar), MESH: Photic Stimulation, Neurology, MESH: Language, Laterality, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Female, Natural language processing, psychological phenomena and processes, Cognitive psychology, Adolescent, Cognitive Neuroscience, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH: Acoustic Stimulation, Context (language use), MESH: Reading, behavioral disciplines and activities, Sensitivity and Specificity, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Auditory stimulation, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Sensitivity and Specificity, MESH: Male, Task (computing), Acoustic Stimulation, Reading, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, MESH: Female, MESH: Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Photic Stimulation
Abstract

International audience; In the context of presurgical mapping or investigation of neurological and developmental disorders in children, language fMRI raises the issue of the design of a tasks panel achievable by young disordered children. Most language tasks shown to be efficient with healthy children require metalinguistic or reading abilities, therefore adding attentional, cognitive and academic constraints that may be problematic in this context. This study experimented a panel of four language tasks that did not require high attentional skills, reading, or metalinguistic abilities. Two reference tasks involving auditory stimulation (words generation from category, "category"; auditory responsive naming, "definition") were compared with two new tasks involving visual stimulation. These later were designed to tap spontaneous phonological production, in which the names of pictures to be named involve a phonological difference (e.g. in French poule/boule/moule; "phon-diff") or change of segmentation (e.g. in French car/car-te/car-t-on; "phon-seg"). Eighteen healthy children participated (mean age: 12.7+/-3 years). Data processing involved normalizing the data via a matched pairs pediatric template, and inter-task and region of interest analyses with laterality assessment. The reference tasks predominantly activated the left frontal and temporal core language regions, respectively. The new tasks activated these two regions simultaneously, more strongly for the phon-seg task. The union and intersection of all tasks provided more sensitive or specific maps. The study demonstrates that both reference and new tasks highlight core language regions in children, and that the latter are useful for the mapping of spontaneous phonological processing. The use of several different tasks may improve the sensitivity and specificity of fMRI.

Published
2009
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7. Reading sadness beyond human faces

Author

Stéphanie Dubal, Jacqueline Nadel, Mariam Chammat, Aurélie Foucher, Vulnérabilité Adaptation et Psychopathologie (VAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Emotion, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, MESH: Evoked Potentials, Visual, MESH: Facial Expression, Emotions, 0302 clinical medicine, Reading (process), MESH: Brain Mapping, media_common, Brain Mapping, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Cognition, Electroencephalography, Sadness, Facial Expression, MESH: Photic Stimulation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, MESH: Young Adult, Facilitation, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Psychology, MESH: Face, Cognitive psychology, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, MESH: Pattern Recognition, Visual, MESH: Reading, behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Perception, MESH: Electroencephalography, Reaction Time, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Molecular Biology, MESH: Emotions, MESH: Adolescent, Communication, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Inversion (music), MESH: Male, MESH: Reaction Time, body regions, Electrophysiology, Reading, Face, Evoked Potentials, Visual, Neurology (clinical), business, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Photic Stimulation, Developmental Biology
Abstract

International audience; Human faces are the main emotion displayers. Knowing that emotional compared to neutral stimuli elicit enlarged ERPs components at the perceptual level, one may wonder whether this has led to an emotional facilitation bias toward human faces. To contribute to this question, we measured the P1 and N170 components of the ERPs elicited by human facial compared to artificial stimuli, namely non-humanoid robots. Fifteen healthy young adults were shown sad and neutral, upright and inverted expressions of human versus robotic displays. An increase in P1 amplitude in response to sad displays compared to neutral ones evidenced an early perceptual amplification for sadness information. P1 and N170 latencies were delayed in response to robotic stimuli compared to human ones, while N170 amplitude was not affected by media. Inverted human stimuli elicited a longer latency of P1 and a larger N170 amplitude while inverted robotic stimuli did not. As a whole, our results show that emotion facilitation is not biased to human faces but rather extend to non-human displays, thus suggesting our capacity to read emotion beyond faces.

Published
2009
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8. Silence is golden: transient neural deactivation in the prefrontal cortex during attentive reading

Author

Julien Jung, Philippe Kahane, Jean-Claude Dreher, Monica Baciu, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Dominique Hoffmann, Nelly Mainy, Olivier F. Bertrand, Lorella Minotti, Institut Fédératif des Neurosciences de Lyon (IFNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Processus mentaux et activation cérébrale, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-IFR19-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des sciences cognitives Marc Jeannerod - Centre de neuroscience cognitive - UMR5229 (CNC), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique Cérébrale et Cognition, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Dynamique des Reseaux Neuronaux, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de neurologie, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble, Département de neurochirurgie, Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Deransart, Colin

Subjects
Adult, MESH: Evoked Potentials, Visual, Cognitive Neuroscience, Neural Inhibition, Prefrontal Cortex, MESH: Cognition, Stimulus (physiology), Electroencephalography, MESH: Reading, Brain mapping, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Neuroplasticity, medicine, MESH: Cortical Synchronization, Humans, Attention, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Cortical Synchronization, Prefrontal cortex, MESH: Brain Mapping, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Brain Mapping, MESH: Attention, MESH: Humans, Epilepsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, MESH: Adult, MESH: Neural Inhibition, Electrophysiology, Reading, MESH: Epilepsy, Evoked Potentials, Visual, MESH: Prefrontal Cortex, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Psychology, Neuroscience, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; It is becoming increasingly clear that attention-demanding tasks engage not only activation of specific cortical regions but also deactivation of other regions that could interfere with the task at hand. At the same time, electrophysiological studies in animals and humans have found that the participation of cortical regions to cognitive processes translates into local synchronization of rhythmic neural activity at frequencies above 40 Hz (so-called gamma-band synchronization). Such synchronization is seen as a potential facilitator of neural communication and synaptic plasticity. We found evidence that cognitive processes can also involve the disruption of gamma-band activity in high-order brain regions. Intracerebral electroencephalograms were recorded in 3 epileptic patients during 2 reading tasks. Visual presentation of words induced a strong deactivation in a broad (20-150 Hz) frequency range in the left ventral lateral prefrontal cortex, in parallel with gamma-band activations within the reading network, including Broca's area. The observed energy decrease in neural signals was reproducible across patients. It peaked around 500 ms after stimulus onset and appeared subject to attention-modulated amplification. Our results suggest that cognition might be mediated by a coordinated interaction between regional gamma-band synchronizations and desynchronizations, possibly reflecting enhanced versus reduced local neural communication.

Published
2007
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9. Outstanding questions about phonological processing in dyslexia

Author

Franck Ramus, Laboratoire de sciences cognitives et psycholinguistique (LSCP), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, and University College of London [London] (UCL)

Subjects
MESH: Dyslexia, MESH: Phonetics, Writing, MESH: Pattern Recognition, Visual, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Phonological deficit, MESH: Reading, Phonology, Biological theories of dyslexia, 050105 experimental psychology, Psycholinguistics, Education, Dyslexia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Phonetics, MESH: Child, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Alternation (linguistics), Child, MESH: Humans, MESH: Writing, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, General Medicine, MESH: Speech Perception, medicine.disease, Linguistics, Phonological rule, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reading, Developmental Psychology, Speech Perception, medicine.symptom, Dyslexia research, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

It is widely accepted that developmental dyslexia results from some sort of phonological deficit. Yet, it can be argued that phonological representations and their processing have been insufficiently tested in dyslexia research. Firstly, claims about how tasks tap into certain kinds of representations or processes are best appreciated in the light of an explicit information-processing model. Here, a cognitive model of lexical access is described, incorporating speech perception, reading and object recognition. The model emphasises that phonological forms of lexical items are distinct from non-lexical phonological representations Secondly, phonology, as a linguistic discipline, teaches us that there is much more to it than phonemic categorisation and awareness. The phonological level of representation also embodies phonotactic regularities, patterns of phoneme assimilation and alternation, as well as supra-segmental knowledge pertaining to syllable structure, stress, intonation and rhythm. All those aspects are in part language-dependent, and therefore must be learnt by children in order to become proficient native speakers and listeners. If all levels of phonological representations were affected in dyslexia, dyslexic children would presumably have difficulties acquiring these aspects of their language. This prediction is as yet untested. A possible research agenda is outlined, aiming to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the phonological theory of dyslexia.

Published
2002
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10. Understanding dissociations in dyscalculia: A brain imaging study of the impact of number size on the cerebral networks for exact and approximate calculation

Author

Stanescu-Cosson, R., Pinel, P., Pierre-Francois Van de Moortele, Le Bihan, D., Cohen, L., Dehaene, S., Laboratoire Toulousain de Technologie et d'Ingénierie des Systèmes (LATTIS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Neuroimagerie cognitive (LCogn), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), IFR de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle (IFR 49), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot (SHFJ), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-IUT Toulouse 2 Blagnac, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Symbolism, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, MESH: Cognition, MESH: Psychomotor Performance, MESH: Reading, Neuropsychological Tests, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cognition, Reaction Time, Humans, Evoked Potentials, MESH: Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Brain Mapping, MESH: Humans, MESH: Mathematics, Reproducibility of Results, MESH: Adult, MESH: Neuropsychological Tests, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MESH: Cerebral Cortex, MESH: Male, MESH: Reaction Time, MESH: Reproducibility of Results, MESH: Cognition Disorders, MESH: Evoked Potentials, MESH: Nerve Net, Reading, Female, MESH: Symbolism, Nerve Net, Cognition Disorders, MESH: Female, Mathematics, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract

International audience; Neuropsychological studies have revealed different subtypes of dyscalculia, including dissociations between exact calculation and approximation abilities, and an impact of number size on performance. To understand the origins of these effects, we measured cerebral activity with functional MRI at 3 Tesla and event-related potentials while healthy volunteers performed exact and approximate calculation tasks with small and large numbers. Bilateral intraparietal, precentral, dorsolateral and superior prefrontal regions showed greater activation during approximation, while the left inferior prefrontal cortex and the bilateral angular regions were more activated during exact calculation. Increasing number size during exact calculation led to increased activation in the same bilateral intraparietal regions as during approximation, as well the left inferior and superior frontal gyri. Event-related potentials gave access to the temporal dynamics of calculation processes, showing that effects of task and of number size could be found as early as 200-300 ms following problem presentation. Altogether, the results reveal two cerebral networks for number processing. Rote arithmetic operations with small numbers have a greater reliance on left-lateralized regions, presumably encoding numbers in verbal format. Approximation and exact calculation with large numbers, however, put heavier emphasis on the left and right parietal cortices, which may encode numbers in a non-verbal quantity format. Subtypes of dyscalculia can be explained by lesions disproportionately affecting only one of these networks.

11. Functional MRI assessment of the hemispheric predominance for language in epileptic patients using a simple rhyme detection task

Author

Monica Baciu, Kahane P, Minotti L, Charnallet A, David D, Jf, Le Bas, Segebarth C, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de physiopathologie de l'épilepsie (LNPEE), CHU Grenoble, Departement de Neurologie, Pôle Psychiatrie et Neurologie, CHU Grenoble, RMN biomédicale : de la cellule à l'homme (RBCH), and Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-DIR CENTRALE DU SSA-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, MESH: Hippocampus, MESH: Paired-Associate Learning, MESH: Language Tests, MESH: Reading, Hippocampus, behavioral disciplines and activities, MESH: Prognosis, MESH: Semantics, MESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Humans, Dominance, Cerebral, MESH: Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Brain Mapping, Epilepsy, Language Tests, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Humans, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, MESH: Adult, Middle Aged, MESH: Dominance, Cerebral, Prognosis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Paired-Associate Learning, MESH: Male, MESH: Cerebral Cortex, Semantics, Reading, MESH: Epilepsy, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], MESH: Female, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

International audience; This study assesses the interest of a simple fMRI rhyme detection paradigm to determine hemispheric predominance for language in epileptic patients. Nineteen patients were examined. The findings derived from the fMRI examinations were compared with those obtained on the same patients using the Wada test, stereotactic intracerebral EEG stimulations and recordings, and/or video-EEG recordings. For the seventeen patients for whom language dominance could be assessed by means of at least one of the latter procedures, the fMRI examination provided concordant results in sixteen. In two patients, the hemispheric predominance for language could only be determined by fMRI. Nine patients underwent surgery subsequent to the fMRI examination. None of them exhibited any aphasic problems following surgery. The rhyme detection task used in the fMRI examination generates robust responses in the language areas, permits easy monitoring of the patient's task performance and can be easily undertaken by the epileptic patients. Thus, this study demonstrates that the fMRI rhyme detection paradigm is particularly well-suited for determining hemispheric language predominance in epileptic candidates for surgery.

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