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6 results on '"MESH : Environmental Exposure"'

1. Soil parameters are key factors to predict metal bioavailability to snails based on chemical extractant data

Author

Renaud Scheifler, A. de Vaufleury, Michael Coeurdassier, Benjamin Pauget, Frédéric Gimbert, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
LUMBRICUS-RUBELLUS, MESH: Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, PH, MESH : Biological Availability, Snails, [ SDV.TOX.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, 010501 environmental sciences, MESH: Zinc, 01 natural sciences, MESH : Soil Pollutants, Soil, Soil Pollutants, MESH: Animals, MESH: Snails, MESH : Environmental Monitoring, Assimilation flux, Waste Management and Disposal, MESH : Cadmium, Risk assessment, MESH: Biological Availability, chemistry.chemical_classification, Cadmium, Land snail, Soil chemistry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Environmental exposure, CONTAMINATED SOILS, MESH: Chemistry Techniques, Analytical, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Pollution, 6. Clean water, ORGANIC-MATTER, Zinc, Metals, Environmental chemistry, Aluminum Silicates, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, MESH : Edetic Acid, MESH : Lead, MESH: Environmental Monitoring, MESH: Lead, Environmental Monitoring, MESH : Aluminum Silicates, Environmental Engineering, Soil test, MESH: Edetic Acid, MESH: Environmental Exposure, MESH: Cadmium, Biological Availability, chemistry.chemical_element, HELIX-ASPERSA, Chemistry Techniques, Analytical, MESH: Soil, HEAVY-METALS, MESH : Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, MESH : Soil, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Organic matter, Chemical method, Edetic Acid, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, EARTHWORMS, MESH: Soil Pollutants, MESH: Metals, MESH : Metals, MESH : Zinc, Environmental Exposure, MESH : Chemistry Techniques, Analytical, Bioavailability, Transfer, Kinetics, DERMAL UPTAKE, Lead, chemistry, MESH : Snails, 13. Climate action, Soil water, MESH: Aluminum Silicates, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Clay, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, DUTCH FIELD SOILS, MESH : Animals, MESH : Environmental Exposure
Abstract

International audience; Although soil characteristics modulate metal mobility and bioavailability to organisms, they are often ignored in the risk assessment of metal transfer. This paper aims to determine the ability of chemical methods to assess and predict cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) environmental bioavailability to the land snail Cantareus aspersus. Snails were exposed in the laboratory for 28 days to 17 soils from around a former smelter. The soils were selected for their range of pH, organic matter, clay content, and Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations. The influence of soil properties on environmental availability (estimated using HF-HClO(4), EDTA, CaCl(2), NH(4)NO(3), NaNO(3), free ion activity and total dissolved metal concentration in soil solution) and on environmental bioavailability (modelled using accumulation kinetics) was identified. Among the seven chemical methods, only the EDTA and the total soil concentration can be used to assess Cd and Pb environmental bioavailability to snails (r²(adj)=0.67 and 0.77, respectively). For Zn, none of the chemical methods were suitable. Taking into account the influence of the soil characteristics (pH and CEC) allows a better prediction of Cd and Pb environmental bioavailability (r²(adj)=0.82 and 0.83, respectively). Even though alone none of the chemical methods tested could assess Zn environmental bioavailability to snails, the addition of pH, iron and aluminium oxides allowed the variation of assimilation fluxes to be predicted. A conceptual and practical method to use soil characteristics for risk assessment is proposed based on these results. We conclude that as yet there is no universal chemical method to predict metal environmental bioavailability to snails, and that the soil factors having the greatest impact depend on the metal considered.

Published
2012

2. Exposure of fathead minnows to municipal wastewater effluent affects intracellular signaling pathways in the liver

Author

François Gagné, Daniel G. Cyr, Jennifer Arstikaitis, Institut Armand Frappier ( INRS-IAF ), Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] ( INRS ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut Armand Frappier, Environment and Climate Change Canada, and This work was supported by grants from NSERC (155065-06), the Canadian Water Network, Fonds de Recherches Santé du Québec-Réseau de recherches en santé environnementale to DGC and from Environment Canada to FG.

Subjects
Physiology, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [ SDV.TOX ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, 010501 environmental sciences, Microarray, Wastewater, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, WNT4, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, 0303 health sciences, biology, MESH : Gene Expression Regulation, Kinase, Wnt signaling pathway, Quebec, LRP6, General Medicine, 6. Clean water, Cell biology, MESH : Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Liver, Intracellular signaling, Toxicity, Signal transduction, Signal Transduction, medicine.medical_specialty, Cell signaling, MESH : Water Pollutants, Chemical, MESH : Quebec, Cyprinidae, Fathead minnow, 03 medical and health sciences, Vitellogenin, Internal medicine, MESH : Cyprinidae, medicine, Animals, 14. Life underwater, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, MESH : Signal Transduction, MESH : Liver, Cell Biology, Environmental Exposure, Endocrinology, Gene Expression Regulation, biology.protein, MESH : Animals, MESH : Waste Water, MESH : Environmental Exposure, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Abstract

International audience; Municipal wastewater effluent can impact its receiving environment. In the St. Lawrence River, male fish living downstream from Montreal exhibit increased hepatic vitellogenin, intersex, delayed spermatogenesis and altered immune function. Few studies have examined genome-wide effects associated with municipal effluent exposure in fish to decipher the mechanisms of toxicity. The present objective was to identify hepatic cellular signaling pathways in fathead minnows following exposure to municipal wastewater effluent. Immature minnows were exposed for 21 days to either 0% (Control) or 20% municipal effluent, the highest concentration in the St. Lawrence River. Hepatic RNA was extracted and used to hybridize a fathead minnow oligonucleotide microarray containing approximately 15 k gene sequences. A total of 1300 genes were differentially expressed, of which 309 genes had more than 2-fold change in expression level between control and MWWE-exposed fish. Of those, 118 were up-regulated and 191 were down-regulated. Altered genes grouped according to function, indicated effects on various signaling pathways, apoptosis, immune responses, and cellular metabolism. Pathway analysis software predicted at least 5 signaling pathways that were altered by treatment: cell adhesion, inflammation, various kinases, estrogen receptor signaling and WNT signaling. Various components of the canonical Wnt pathway were dramatically down-regulated, while several other genes involved in the non-canonical Wnt pathway, such as Wnt4, LRP6, and PPP2R5E, which are known to inhibit the canonical Wnt pathway, were increased. These results indicate that municipal wastewater effluent from Montreal can target and inhibit various signaling including those implicated in hepatic Wnt signaling pathway in fathead minnows.

Published
2014

3. Conduct of a personal radiofrequency electromagnetic field measurement study: proposed study protocol

Author

Elisabeth Cardis, Martine Vrijheid, Simon Mann, Roger C Parslow, Katja Radon, Evelyn Mohler, Peter Gajsek, John Bolte, Martin Röösli, Joachim Schüz, Wout Joseph, Luc Martens, Gyoergy Thuroczy, Sabine Heinrich, Patrizia Frei, Aslak Harbo Poulsen, Georg Neubauer, Jean-François Viel, Maria Feychting, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], Laboratory for Radiation Research, Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Safety & Security Department, Austrian Institute of Technology [Vienna] (AIT), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Institute of Environmental Health, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institute of Non-ionizing Radiation, Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Hospital of The Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Department of Information Technology (INTEC), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Health Protection Agency, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Cancer Epidemiology Institute, Danish Cancer Society, Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Department of Non-ionizing Radiation, National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Austrian Institute of Technology [Vienna] ( AIT ), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology ( CREAL ), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Department of Information Technology ( INTEC ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques ( INERIS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )

Subjects
Research design, Radio Waves, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Data management, Statistics as Topic, MESH : Statistics as Topic, MESH: Radiation, MESH: Radio Waves, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Medical Records, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Unit of observation, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, education.field_of_study, Radiation, MESH : Radiation, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, MESH: Research Design, MESH : Questionnaires, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Environmental exposure, MESH : Research Design, Knowledge base, Research Design, lcsh:Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene, MESH: Medical Records, animal structures, MESH: Environmental Exposure, Population, lcsh:RC963-969, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, MESH : Medical Records, Humans, MESH: Patient Selection, MESH: Geographic Information Systems, education, MESH: Statistics as Topic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, MESH : Geographic Information Systems, Protocol (science), MESH: Humans, Data collection, business.industry, Patient Selection, MESH: Questionnaires, MESH : Humans, Methodology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, lcsh:RA1-1270, Environmental Exposure, MESH : Patient Selection, Data science, MESH : Radio Waves, Geographic Information Systems, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH : Environmental Exposure
Abstract

Background The development of new wireless communication technologies that emit radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) is ongoing, but little is known about the RF-EMF exposure distribution in the general population. Previous attempts to measure personal exposure to RF-EMF have used different measurement protocols and analysis methods making comparisons between exposure situations across different study populations very difficult. As a result, observed differences in exposure levels between study populations may not reflect real exposure differences but may be in part, or wholly due to methodological differences. Methods The aim of this paper is to develop a study protocol for future personal RF-EMF exposure studies based on experience drawn from previous research. Using the current knowledge base, we propose procedures for the measurement of personal exposure to RF-EMF, data collection, data management and analysis, and methods for the selection and instruction of study participants. Results We have identified two basic types of personal RF-EMF measurement studies: population surveys and microenvironmental measurements. In the case of a population survey, the unit of observation is the individual and a randomly selected representative sample of the population is needed to obtain reliable results. For microenvironmental measurements, study participants are selected in order to represent typical behaviours in different microenvironments. These two study types require different methods and procedures. Conclusion Applying our proposed common core procedures in future personal measurement studies will allow direct comparisons of personal RF-EMF exposures in different populations and study areas.

Published
2010

4. Echinococcus multilocularis: secondary poisoning of fox population during a vole outbreak reduces environmental contamination in a high endemicity area

Author

Peter Deplazes, Pierre Delattre, Francis Raoul, Y Décoté, M Ordinaire, Dominique Michelat, Patrick Giraudoux, M Aubert, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire d'études et de recherches sur la rage et la pathologie des animaux sauvages, AFSSA, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institute of Parasitology, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations ( CBGP ), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro )

Subjects
Veterinary medicine, Endemic Diseases, Bromadiolone, Foxes, MESH: Echinococcus, MESH: 4-Hydroxycoumarins, MESH : Echinococcosis, Population density, MESH : Pest Control, 030308 mycology & parasitology, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH : Echinococcus, MESH: Animals, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Ecology, Arvicolinae, Environmental exposure, MESH : 4-Hydroxycoumarins, Population decline, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Endemic Diseases, MESH: Pest Control, France, MESH : Endemic Diseases, MESH: Population Density, 030231 tropical medicine, Population, MESH: Environmental Exposure, MESH: Rodenticides, Echinococcus multilocularis, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Echinococcosis, Echinococcosis, parasitic diseases, Animals, MESH : Population Density, MESH : France, Microtus, education, MESH : Foxes, Population Density, MESH: Foxes, Outbreak, Rodenticides, MESH : Rodenticides, 4-Hydroxycoumarins, Environmental Exposure, MESH: Arvicolinae, biology.organism_classification, Echinococcus, MESH : Arvicolinae, MESH: France, chemistry, Parasitology, MESH : Animals, Pest Control, MESH : Environmental Exposure
Abstract

International audience; This paper describes the role of fox population level on Echinococcus multilocularis infection in foxes in a highly endemic area in eastern France. Fox population level was monitored by spotlight survey at Le Souillot from 1989 to 2000, and from 1992 to 2000 at Chemin, a control site located in a low endemic area. The infection level of the fox population was estimated at Le Souillot from winter 1995 to winter 1999 using a coproantigen ELISA performed on faeces collected in the field. Population biomass of intermediate hosts (Microtus arvalis and Arvicola terrestris) was monitored using index methods from 1995 to 1999. At Le Souillot, a significant decline in the fox population level was recorded after spring 1997 (P

Published
2003

5. Clinical diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Author

Lacasse , Yves, Selman , Moises, Costabel , Ulrich, Dalphin , Jean-Charles, Ando , Masayuki, Morell , Ferran, Erkinjuntti-Pekkanen , Riitta, Muller , Nestor, Colby , Thomas V, Schuyler , Mark, Cormier , Yvon, Renseigné , Non, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
Male, MESH: Decision Trees, Time Factors, MESH: Respiratory Sounds, Biopsy, MESH : Antigens, MESH: Logistic Models, MESH : Analysis of Variance, Clinical prediction rule, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, MESH: Biopsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Bird fancier's lung, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, MESH : Tomography, X-Ray Computed, MESH : Respiratory Sounds, MESH : Female, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH : Algorithms, MESH: Middle Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, MESH: Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Middle Aged, MESH : Diagnosis, Differential, MESH: Case-Control Studies, MESH : Risk Factors, 3. Good health, MESH: Antigens, Female, Radiology, MESH: Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, MESH : Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Algorithms, MESH : Time Factors, Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH : Case-Control Studies, MESH : Precipitins, MESH : Male, MESH: Environmental Exposure, MESH : Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic, Physical examination, MESH: Algorithms, Lung biopsy, MESH: Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic, MESH : Decision Trees, MESH: Precipitins, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Weight Loss, MESH: Diagnosis, Differential, MESH: Analysis of Variance, Weight Loss, medicine, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, Antigens, Respiratory Sounds, Analysis of Variance, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Time Factors, MESH : Humans, Decision Trees, Environmental Exposure, MESH: ROC Curve, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Surgery, Bronchoalveolar lavage, Logistic Models, Precipitins, 030228 respiratory system, ROC Curve, MESH : Biopsy, Case-Control Studies, Histopathology, MESH : Weight Loss, Differential diagnosis, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, MESH: Female, MESH : Environmental Exposure, MESH : ROC Curve, [ SDV.MHEP.PSR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, MESH : Logistic Models
Abstract

International audience; The diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is difficult and often relies on histopathology. Our objective was to identify diagnostic criteria and to develop a clinical prediction rule for this disease. Consecutive patients presenting a condition for which HP was considered in the differential diagnosis underwent a program of simple standardized diagnostic procedures. High-resolution computed tomography scan and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) defined the presence or absence of HP. Patients underwent surgical lung biopsy when the computed tomography scan, BAL, and other diagnostic procedures failed to yield a diagnosis. A cohort of 400 patients (116 with HP, 284 control subjects) provided data for the rule derivation. Six significant predictors of HP were identified: (1) exposure to a known offending antigen, (2) positive precipitating antibodies to the offending antigen, (3) recurrent episodes of symptoms, (4) inspiratory crackles on physical examination, (5) symptoms occurring 4 to 8 hours after exposure, (6) and weight loss. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.90-0.95). The rule retained its accuracy when validated in a separate cohort of 261 patients. The diagnosis of HP can often be made or rejected with confidence, especially in areas of high or low prevalence, respectively, without BAL or biopsy.

Published
2003

6. Epidemiologic study of the genetics and environment of asthma, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and atopy

Author

Francine Kauffmann, Régis Matran, Valérie Siroux, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Marie-Pierre Oryszczyn, Frédéric Gormand, Florence Demenais, Marie-Hélène Dizier, Alain Grimfeld, J Hochez, Denis Charpin, Françoise Neukirch, Jean Bousquet, Nicole Le Moual, Josué Feingold, Mark Lathrop, Isabelle Pin, Evelyne Paty, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Variabilité Génétique et Maladies Humaines, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Fondation Jean Dausset-Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Recherche en épidémiologie et biostatistique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble (INSERM U823), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation (ESIM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département pneumologie et addictologie [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Service Pneumologie – Allergologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital nord, Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de pneumologie [Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud - HCL], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Unité Asthme et allergologie, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de Génotypage (CNG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Hôpital Albert Calmette, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Physiopathologie et Epidemiologie de l'Insuffisance Respiratoire, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Pneumologie Allergologie [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département de pédiatrie, CHU Grenoble-Hôpital Michallon, Kauffmann F, MH Dizier, A Grimfeld, Hochez J, M Lathrop, R Matran, Neukirch F, Paty E, Pin I, F Demenais ., Oryszczyn MP, Le Moual N, Siroux V, Annesi-Maesano I, Bousquet J, Charpin D, Feingold J, Gormand F, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Fondation Jean Dausset, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations ( CESP ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie ( IUH ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain ( CEPH ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie ( IUH ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Fondation Jean Dausset, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut d'oncologie/développement Albert Bonniot de Grenoble ( INSERM U823 ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -CHU Grenoble-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Epidémiologie des maladies infectieuses et modélisation ( ESIM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ) -Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Hôpital nord, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] ( CHLS ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), CHU Trousseau [APHP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Centre National de Génotypage ( CNG ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Unité Asthme et allergologie [CHU Trousseau], and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Hypersensitivity, Immediate, Candidate gene, Allergy, MESH: Asthma, Job-exposure matrix, MESH: Environmental Exposure, 030232 urology & nephrology, MESH : Bronchial Hyperreactivity, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, MESH : Asthma, MESH : Hypersensitivity, Immediate, Genetic determinism, Atopy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, Medicine, Humans, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Asthma, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH : Humans, Case-control study, MESH: Bronchial Hyperreactivity, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, MESH : Risk Factors, respiratory tract diseases, 3. Good health, Bronchial hyperresponsiveness, Immunology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Bronchial Hyperreactivity, MESH: Hypersensitivity, Immediate, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, MESH : Environmental Exposure
Abstract

T he Epidemiologic Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA) was planned to assess genetic and environmental risk factors and their interactions in patients with asthma and for the two related traits of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and atopy. The study was performed from 1991 to 1995 and combined a case control study and a study of the families of the asthmatic patients. A synthesis of the results already obtained is presented. Smoking was related to IgE levels, even in asthma patients. Smoking was clearly related to the clinical severity of the asthma, which is clinically insufficiently taken into account. The relationships of occupational exposures to asthma have been assessed using a job exposure matrix. Segregation analyses of IgE have shown, after correction for the mode of ascertainment, the existence of a dominant major gene and a familial residual correlation. A systematic genome screen used in families with two asthmatic siblings showed a linkage of various regions in the genome that are related to asthma or related phenotypes (ie, 1p, 11p, 11q, 12q, 13q, 17q, and 19q), results that are in agreement with those of genome screens used in other studies. Regarding candidate genes, no association was shown between asthma and the F508 mutation of the cystic fibrosis gene. The analysis is still in progress with studies on the heterogeneity of asthma, with refined genetic studies, and by searching to integrate the results regarding environmental and genetic factors and studying their interactions.

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